风靡全球的饮料果醋中含有苹果酸(MLA),其分子式为C4H6O5.0.1mol苹果酸与足量NaHCO3溶液反应能产生4.4 风靡全球的饮料果醋中含有苹果酸(MLA),其分子式为C 4 ...
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\uff081\uff09CH 2 BrCH=CHCH 2 Br\uff0cOHCCH 2 CHBrCHO\uff082\uff09\u52a0\u6210\uff0c\u53d6\u4ee3 \uff083\uff09 \uff084\uff09HOOCCH 2 CHBrCOOH + 3NaOH \u2192 NaOOCCH 2 CH(OH)COONa + NaBr + 2H 2 O \uff085\uff09\u4e0d\u80fd\uff0c\u82e5\u5148\u6c27\u5316\u5219B\u4e2d\u78b3\u78b3\u53cc\u952e\u4e5f\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u3002\uff086\uff09 \u6216 \u9996\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97MLA\u7684\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u5ea6\u4e3a2\uff0c\u6839\u636e0.1molMLA\u4ea7\u751f0.2mol\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u662f\u4e8c\u5143\u7fa7\u9178\u6b63\u597d\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u5ea6\u3002\u53c8\u5176\u80fd\u8131\u6c34\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u662f\u7f9f\u57fa\u3002\u518d\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u5236\u5907\u539f\u65991\uff0c3-\u4e01\u4e8c\u70ef\u7684\u78b3\u67b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u77e5\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3aHOOCCH 2 CH(OH)COOH\u3002\u5bf9\u6bd4MLA\u548c1\uff0c3-\u4e01\u4e8c\u70ef\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u63a8\u77e5\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u3002
苹果酸分子式为C4H6O5,0.l mol苹果酸与足量NaHCO3溶液反应能产生4.48L CO2(标准状况),二氧化碳的物质的量为0.2mol,则1mol苹果酸含2mol-COOH.苹果酸脱水能生成使溴水褪色的产物,应含有1个-OH,结合苹果酸的分子式知,苹果酸的结构简式为:HOOCCH2CH(OH)COOH.苹果酸酯化反应进行的聚合生成聚苹果酸(PMLA),其结构为.D被氧化生成E,则E中含有溴原子,E和氢氧化钠的水溶液发生反应生成F,F酸化生成MLA,所以F的结构简式为:NaOOCCH2CH(OH)COONa,E的结构简式为:HOOCCH2CHBrCOOH,D能发生银镜反应则D中含有醛基,所以D的结构简式为:OHCCH2CHBrCHO,根据1,3-丁二烯及D的结构简式知,1,3-丁二烯和溴发生1,4加成生成A为BrCH2CH=CHCH2Br,A和氢氧化钠的水溶液发生取代反应生成B为HOCH2CH=CHCH2OH,B与HBr发生加成反应生成C,C的结构简式为:HOCH2CH2CHBrCH2OH,C再被氧化生成D,苹果酸经聚合生成聚苹果酸(PMLA),
(1)由上述分析可知,A为CH2BrCH=CHCH2Br,D为OHCCH2CHBrCHO,
故答案为:CH2BrCH=CHCH2Br;OHCCH2CHBrCHO;
(2)反应①是1,3-丁二烯和溴发生1,4加成生成BrCH2CH=CHCH2Br,
反应②是BrCH2CH=CHCH2Br和氢氧化钠的水溶液发生取代反应生成HOCH2CH=CHCH2OH,
故答案为:加成反应;取代反应;
(3)所有与MLA具有相同官能团的同分异构体的结构简式有:,
故答案为:;
(4)E→F转化的化学方程式为:HOOCCH2CHBrCOOH+3NaOH→NaOOCCH2CH(OH)COONa+NaBr+2H2O,
故答案为:HOOCCH2CHBrCOOH+3NaOH→NaOOCCH2CH(OH)COONa+NaBr+2H2O;
(5)顺序不能颠倒,若先氧化则B中碳碳双键也被氧化,
故答案为:不能,若先氧化则B中碳碳双键也被氧化;
(6)PMLA具有良好的生物相容性,可望作为手术缝合线等材料应用于生物医药和生物材料领域.其在生物体内水解的化学方程式为:,
故答案为:.
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