非谓语在句子中怎么用的 什么是非谓语动词？在一个句子中怎么判断非谓语动词？
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u600e\u4e48\u7528\u7684\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u9664\u8c13\u8bed\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u6210\u5206\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u53eb\u505a\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f:\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff0c\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u548c\u5206\u8bcd(\u5206\u8bcd\u5305\u62ec\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd)\u3002
1\uff09\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f
\u65f6\u6001\\u8bed\u6001\u3000\u3000\u3000 \u4e3b\u52a8\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u88ab\u52a8\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000
\u3000\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000to do\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000 to be done
\u3000 \u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\u3000\u3000\u3000 to have done\u3000\u3000to have been done
2\uff09\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd
\u65f6\u6001\\u8bed\u6001\u3000\u3000\u3000 \u4e3b\u52a8\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u88ab\u52a8\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000
\u3000\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000doing\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000being done
\u3000\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000having done\u3000\u3000having been done
3\uff09\u5206\u8bcd
\u65f6\u6001\\u8bed\u6001\u3000\u3000\u3000 \u4e3b\u52a8\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u88ab\u52a8\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000
\u3000\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000doing\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000being done
\u3000\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000having done\u3000\u3000having been done\u3000 \u3000\u3000
\u3000\u3000\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a not +\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff0c\u3000not + \u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u3000not + \u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd
1. \u4e0b\u9762\u77ed\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684to\u662f\u4ecb\u8bcd\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u53ea\u80fd\u8ddf\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff1a
devote oneself/one\u2019s time, energy, etc. to(\u6295\u5165\u2026\u2026)\uff0cget down to(\u7740\u624b\u5e72\u2026\u2026)\uff0clead to (\u901a\u5411\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4)\uff0cobject to(\u53cd\u5bf9)\uff0cpay attention to (\u6ce8\u610f)\uff0clook forward to (\u76fc\u671b)\uff0cbe used to (\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e)\uff0cstick to (\u575a\u6301)\u7b49\u3002
\uff3b\u8bef\uff3d His whole family objected to his give up the job.
\uff3b\u6b63\uff3d His whole family objected to his giving up the job.
2. \u4e0b\u5217\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u53ea\u80fd\u8ddf\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff1a
afford, agree, ask, attempt, choose, decide, hope, expect, intend, learn, long, manage, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish\u7b49\u3002
\uff3b\u8bef\uff3d He offered helping me.
\uff3b\u6b63\uff3d He offered to help me.
3. \u4e0b\u5217\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216\u52a8\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u7684\u540e\u9762\u53ea\u80fd\u8ddf\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff1a
admit(\u627f\u8ba4)\uff0cappreciate, avoid, can\u2019t help(\u7981\u4e0d\u4f4f)\uff0c stand(\u5fcd\u53d7)\uff0c consider (\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u6253\u7b97)\uff0cenjoy, escape (\u8eb2\u907f)\uff0cexcuse, finish, give up, imagine, insist on, mind, miss\uff08\u9519\u8fc7\uff09, practise, put off, risk, set about, suggest(\u5efa\u8bae)\u7b49\u3002
\uff3b\u8bef\uff3d He admitted to break the window.
\uff3b\u6b63\uff3d He admitted breaking the window.
4. \u4e0b\u5217\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u65e2\u53ef\u8ddf\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u8ddf\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u542b\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a
forget to do (\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86\u8981\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48) forget doing (\u5fd8\u4e86\u5e72\u8fc7\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5)
regret to do (\u6307\u5f53\u65f6\u6216\u73b0\u5728\u9057\u61be\u5730\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48) regret doing (\u540e\u6094\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u60c5)
try to do ( \u8bd5\u56fe\u5e72) try doing (\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5e72)
stop doing (\u505c\u6b62\u5e72) stop to do (\u505c\u4e0b\u6765\u53bb\u5e72\u53e6\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5)
mean to do (\u6253\u7b97\u5e72) mean doing (\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5e72)
go on to do (\u7ee7\u7eed\u53bb\u5e72\u53e6\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5) go on doing (\u7ee7\u7eed\u5e72\u540c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5)
\uff3b\u8bef\uff3d He regretted to hurt his best friend.
\uff3b\u6b63\uff3d He regretted hurting his best friend.
\uff3b\u6790\uff3d\u8868\u793a"\u540e\u6094\u5e72\u8fc7\u2026\u2026"\uff0cregret\u540e\u8ddf\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u3002
5. \u4e0b\u5217\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u8ddf\u5e26to\u7684\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u8865\u8bed\uff1a
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, like, love, order, persuade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish\u7b49\u3002
\uff3b\u8bef\uff3d My father had expected me going to college.
\uff3b\u6b63\uff3d My father had expected me to go to college.
\uff3b\u6790\uff3d"\u671f\u671b\u67d0\u4eba\u5e72\u2026\u2026"\u662fexpect sb. to do sth.\u3002
6. \u4e0b\u5217\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u5728\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u4e2d\u7528\u4e0d\u5e26to\u7684\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u8865\u8bed\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u4e2d\u8981\u52a0\u4e0ato\uff1a
make, let, have, see, hear, watch, notice, feel, look at, listen to\u7b49\u3002
\uff3b\u8bef\uff3d The boy was made wash the truck as a punishment.
\uff3b\u6b63\uff3d The boy was made to wash the truck as a punishment.
7. \u5728easy, difficult, hard, interesting, pleasant\u7b49\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u540e\u7684\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7528\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u542b\u4e49\u3002
\uff3b\u8bef\uff3d I find the article difficult to be understood.
\uff3b\u6b63\uff3d I find the article difficult to understand.
8. \u5728be worth, want, need, require\u540e\u7528\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u542b\u4e49\u3002
\uff3b\u8bef\uff3d The plant needs be watered.
\uff3b\u6b63\uff3d The plant needs watering.
\uff3b\u6790\uff3dneed to be done=need doing,\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u88ab\u52a8\u3002
9. \u7531\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u6784\u6210\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5176\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u52a8\u5bbe\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u540e\u9762\u9700\u52a0\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u4ecb\u8bcd\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\u524d\u9762\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u4ee3\u8bcd\u3002
\uff3b\u8bef\uff3d He is well prepared for the exam and has nothing to worry.
\uff3b\u6b63\uff3d He is well prepared for the exam and has nothing to worry about.
\uff3b\u6790\uff3dworry\u662f\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u52a8\u5bbe\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u540e\u9762\u9700\u52a0\u4ecb\u8bcd\u3002
\u5178\u4f8b\u8c03\u7814
\u4f8b1\uff3d Having passed all the tests , she felt a great weight taking off her mind .taking\u2192taken\u3002\u6b64\u53e5\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f"\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff0c\u5979\u611f\u5230\u53bb\u6389\u4e86\u4e00\u5757\u5fc3\u75c5"\u3002weight \u4e0etake off \u662f\u52a8\u5bbe\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0ctaken off \u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\u3002
\uff3b\u4f8b2\uff3dIn spite of his breaking English ,he can make himself understood.
breaking\u2192broken\u3002broken English \u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u3002
\uff3b\u4f8b3\uff3dI didn\u2019t go to visit the Science Museum on National Day but I hope it soon.
it\u2192to\u3002 \u4e3a\u4e86\u8868\u8fbe\u7b80\u7ec3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u628a\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u548c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u800c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7b26\u53f7to\u3002
\uff3b\u4f8b4\uff3d The new college graduate insisted on sent where he was most needed.
sent\u524d\u52a0being\u3002 insist \u4e00\u8bcd\u540e\u63a5\u4ece\u53e5\u6216on doing \u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcdsend\u548c\u4e3b\u8bedgraduate \u662f\u52a8\u5bbe\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u7528\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u3002
\u3010\u6307\u5bfc\u00b7\u501f\u9274\u3011
\u3000\u3000\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5177\u6709\u7075\u6d3b\u591a\u53d8\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u5224\u65ad\u4f7f\u7528\u4f55\u79cd\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u9075\u5faa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5f8b\uff1a
1. \u5bf9\u6bd4\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u5bf9\u7167\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u5f62\u5f0f
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u5f62\u5f0f\u90fd\u662f\u4f9d\u636e\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u5f62\u5f0f\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e0e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\u6216\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u3001\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u6216\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\uff08\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\uff09\u3002
2\uff0e\u8fa8\u660e\u903b\u8f91\uff1a\u4ece\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0e\u5176\u903b\u8f91\u4e3b\u8bed\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5224\u65ad\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8bed\u6001
\u5982\u679c\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u53d1\u51fa\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u8c13\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c31\u7528\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u903b\u8f91\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u627f\u53d7\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u52a8\u5bbe\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c31\u7528\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u3002
3. \u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u65f6\u6001\u3001\u8bed\u6001\u6df7\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f
\u6709\u4e9b\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u628a\u65f6\u6001\u548c\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u878d\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u5728\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u627f\u53d7\u8005\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0ca)\u5982\u679c\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e0e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5c31\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1bb)\u5982\u679c\u52a8\u4f5c\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5c31\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1bc)\u5982\u679c\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c31\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u3001\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u3002
\u5f3a\u5316\u95ef\u5173
1. No computers so far having built can have the same ability as human brains.
2. Guiding by a belief that computers would be valuable tools on every office desktop and in every home, Bill Gates began developing software for personal computers.
3. When Mrs. White goes back to her home after class, she expects Jane, her daughter, to being working at her desk.
4. Never lost faith in himself, the scientist was determined to carry on with the research, no matter what others said.
5. Having worn out after a long walk, Helen called and said that she couldn\u2019t come to the party.
6.Most of the students, surprising at the way the question was put, didn\u2019t know how to answer it.
7. So far, several cases of a disease, knowing as bird flu, are reported to have been found in the country.
8. Everything taking into consideration, they ought to have another chance.
9. If the work be completed by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.
10. The Olympic Games take place in Beijing in 2008 will surely attract reporters of all countries.
\u7b54\u6848\u53ca\u89e3\u6790\uff1a
1. \u53bb\u6389having\u3002 \u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u540e\u7f6e\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u53e5\u4e2d\u8868\u88ab\u52a8\u6982\u5ff5\u3002
2. Guiding\u2192Guided\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u539f\u56e0\u72b6\u8bed\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u539f\u56e0\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5Because he was guided... (\u56e0\u4e3a\u53d7\u2026\u2026\u5f15\u5bfc)\u3002
3. being\u2192be\u3002to be working \u662f\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f, expect sb. to be doing..., \u610f\u4e3a "\u671f\u5f85\u67d0\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u5e72\u2026\u2026"\u3002
4. lost\u2192losing\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u539f\u56e0\u72b6\u8bed\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u539f\u56e0\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5Because he never lost...\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u5f0f\u662f\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u524d\u9762\u52a0not\u6216never\u3002
5. \u53bb\u6389Having\uff0cworn\u4e2d\u7684w\u6539\u4e3a\u5927\u5199\u3002worn out\u4e3a\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u539f\u56e0\u72b6\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u539f\u56e0\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5Because she was worn out...,wear sb. out \u610f\u4e3a\u4f7f\u67d0\u4eba\u7b4b\u75b2\u529b\u5c3d\u3002
6. surprising\u2192surprised\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u539f\u56e0\u72b6\u8bed\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u539f\u56e0\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5because they were surprised...\u3002
7. knowing\u2192known\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u540e\u7f6e\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0cknown as\u610f\u4e3a"\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u2026\u2026\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u2026\u2026\u88ab\u4eba\u77e5\u9053"\u3002
8. taking\u2192taken\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u6784\u6210\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u4e3b\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u72b6\u8bed\u3002Everything taken into consideration\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5If everything is taken into consideration(\u5047\u5982\u628a\u4e00\u5207\u8003\u8651\u5728\u5185\u7684\u8bdd)\u3002
9. be\u524d\u52a0to\u3002\u7531\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bedby the end of this month\u4ee5\u53ca\u52a8\u8bcdcomplete\u548c\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u4e3b\u8bedwork\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u4f5c\u540e\u7f6e\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002
10. take \u524d\u52a0to\u3002\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u540e\u7f6e\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u6ce8\u610ftake place\u65e0\u88ab\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u5176\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\u3001\u72b6\u8bed\u7b49\u3002
\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u9664\u8c13\u8bed\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u53e5\u5b50\u6210\u5206\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd(the Non-Finite Verbs)\u3002\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e5f\u662f\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u7740\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5f53\u4e3b\u8bed\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u3001\u72b6\u8bed\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\u7b49\u3002\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002
\u5224\u65ad\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u6210\u5206\u4e00\u822c\u7531\u4e3b\u8bed\u3001\u8c13\u8bed\u3001\u8868\u8bed\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u3001\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u72b6\u8bed\u7b49\u6784\u6210\u3002\u8c13\u8bed\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u6709\u52a8\u8bcd\u62c5\u4efb\uff0c\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u62c5\u4efb\u8c13\u8bed\u7684\u3002 \u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u62c5\u4efb\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5206\uff1a\uff081\uff09.\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u53ef\u62c5\u4efb\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u8bed\uff0c\u5bbe\u8865\uff0c\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u72b6\u8bed\u7b49\u3002\uff082.\uff09\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u53ef\u62c5\u4efb\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u8bed\uff0c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u5b9a\u8bed\u7b49\u3002\uff083\uff09.\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u53ef\u62c5\u4efb\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u8bed\uff0c\u5bbe\u8865\uff0c\u72b6\u8bed\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a He came here to ask for his bike.\u4ed6\u6765\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u4ed6\u7684\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u3002\u5206\u6790\u53e5\u5b50\u6210\u5206\uff1a he\uff08\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff09\u505a \u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c came\uff08\u52a8\u8bcd\uff09\u505a \u8c13\u8bed\uff0c here\uff08\u526f\u8bcd\uff09\u505a\u72b6\u8bed\uff0cto ask for his bike(\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u77ed\u8bed\uff09\u505a\u76ee\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aHearing the news, he began to cry.\u5206\u6790\u53e5\u5b50\u6210\u5206\uff1a hearing the news(\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\uff09\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u505a\u72b6\u8bed\uff0che \u4ee3\u8bcd\u505a\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0cbegan \u52a8\u8bcd\u505a\u8c13\u8bed\uff0cto cry (\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\uff09\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u505a\u5bbe\u8bed\u3002
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u6cd5\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff1a\uff08to\uff09+do,\u5177\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3001\u526f\u8bcd\u7684\u7279\u5f81. \u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u5426\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff1anot + (to) do
\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e0e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u6216\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e, \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a I'm glad to meet you. He seems to know a lot.
\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e0e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
The boy pretended to be working hard.
He seems to be reading in his room.
\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a I regretted to have told a lie. I happened to have seen the film. He is pleased to have met his friend.
\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff1a \u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u65e2\u5177\u6709\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81,\u53c8\u5177\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u53e5\u6cd5\u529f\u80fd. \u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a \u5426\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff1anot + \u52a8\u540d\u8bcd
\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\uff1a Seeing is believing. \u773c\u89c1\u4e3a\u5b9e.
\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1a He came to the party without being invited\uff0e\u4ed6\u672a\u88ab\u9080\u8bf7\u5c31\u6765\u5230\u4e86\u665a\u4f1a.
\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\uff1a We remembered having seen the film. \u6211\u4eec\u8bb0\u5f97\u770b\u8fc7\u8fd9\u90e8\u7535\u5f71.
\u5b8c\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1a He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. \u4ed6\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e94\u5c81\u65f6\u66fe\u88ab\u5e26\u5230\u5e7f\u5dde\u53bb\u8fc7.
\u5426\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff1anot + \u52a8\u540d\u8bcd I regret not following his advice. \u6211\u540e\u6094\u6ca1\u542c\u4ed6\u7684\u529d\u544a.
\u590d\u5408\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u7269\u4e3b\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff08\u6216\u540d\u8bcd\u6240\u6709\u683c\uff09+ \u52a8\u540d\u8bcd He suggested our trying it once again. \u4ed6\u5efa\u8bae\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u8bd5\u4e00\u6b21. His not knowing English troubled him a lot. \u4ed6\u4e0d\u61c2\u82f1\u8bed\u7ed9\u4ed6\u5e26\u6765\u8bb8\u591a\u9ebb\u70e6.
\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\uff1a \u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u65e2\u5177\u6709\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81,\u53c8\u5177\u6709\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u548c\u526f\u8bcd\u7684\u53e5\u6cd5\u529f\u80fd. \u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a \u5426\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff1anot + \u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd
\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f,\u5b8c\u6210 \u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u53d1\u751f,\u5e38\u4f5c\u72b6\u8bed.\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a They went to the park, singing and talking. \u4ed6\u4eec\u8fb9\u5531\u8fb9\u8bf4\u5411\u516c\u56ed\u8d70\u53bb. Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. \u505a\u5b8c\u4f5c\u4e1a,\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u6253\u7bee\u7403.
\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c,\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8 \u8bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c. The problem being discussed is very important. \u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f88\u91cd\u8981. Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. \u88ab\u544a\u8bc9\u4e86\u597d\u51e0\u904d,\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6dd8\u6c14\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u53c8\u72af\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef.
\uff08\u56db\uff09\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff1a \u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u89c4\u5219\u52a8\u8bcd\u7531\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u52a0\u8bcd\u5c3e-ed\u6784\u6210.\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u8981\u6c42,\u8981\u4e00\u4e00\u8bb0\u4f4f. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u53e5\u6cd5\u529f\u80fd\uff1a
\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\uff1a Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. \u4e0a\u5468\u4e00\u6211\u4eec\u73ed\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u65c5\u884c. Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. \u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u59d4\u5458\u7684\u4eba\u5c06\u51fa\u5e2d\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a. \u6ce8\u610f\u5f53\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u662f\u5355\u8bcd\u65f6,\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e\u540d\u8bcd\u524d,\u5982\u679c\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed,\u5c31\u653e\u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u540e\u9762.\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u505a\u5b9a\u8bed\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5.
\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u8868\u8bed\uff1a The window is broken. \u7a97\u6237\u7834\u4e86. They were frightened at the sad sight. \u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u773c\u524d\u60b2\u60e8\u7684\u666f\u8c61\u611f\u5230\u5f88\u5bb3\u6015. \u6ce8\u610f\uff1abe + \u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd,\u5982\u679c\u8868\u793a\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u7cfb\u8868\u7ed3\u6784,\u5982\u679c\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001.\u533a\u522b\uff1a The window is broken.\uff08\u7cfb\u8868\uff09 The window was broken by the boy.\uff08\u88ab\u52a8\uff09 \u6709\u4e9b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u6784\u6210\u7684,\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8,\u53ea\u8868\u793a\u5b8c\u6210.\u5982\uff1a boiled water\uff08\u5f00\u6c34\uff09 fallen leaves\uff08\u843d\u53f6\uff09 newly arrived goods\uff08\u65b0\u5230\u7684\u8d27\uff09 the risen sun\uff08\u5347\u8d77\u7684\u592a\u9633\uff09 the changed world\uff08\u53d8\u4e86\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff09 \u8fd9\u7c7b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u6709\uff1agone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed\u7b49.
\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\uff1a I heard the song sung several times last week. \u4e0a\u5468\u6211\u542c\u89c1\u8fd9\u9996\u6b4c\u88ab\u5531\u4e86\u597d\u51e0\u6b21. \u6709\u65f6\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u505awith\u77ed\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\uff1a With the work done, they went out to play. \u5de5\u4f5c\u505a\u5b8c\u4e86,\u4ed6\u4eec\u51fa\u53bb\u73a9\u53bb\u4e86.
\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u72b6\u8bed\uff1a Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents. \u53d7\u5230\u90bb\u5c45\u4eec\u7684\u8868\u626c,\u4ed6\u6210\u4e3a\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u9a84\u50b2.\uff08\u8868\u793a\u539f\u56e0\uff09 Once seen, it can never be forgotten. \u4e00\u65e6\u5b83\u88ab\u770b\u89c1,\u4eba\u4eec\u5c31\u5fd8\u4e0d\u4e86.\uff08\u8868\u793a\u65f6\u95f4\uff09 Given more time, I'll be able to do it better. \u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u4e88\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4,\u6211\u80fd\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d.\uff08\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\uff09 Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy. \u867d\u7136\u88ab\u544a\u4e4b\u6709\u5371\u9669,\u4ed6\u4ecd\u7136\u5192\u751f\u547d\u5371\u9669\u53bb\u6551\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50.\uff08\u8868\u793a\u8ba9\u6b65\uff09 Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. \u5fc3\u4e2d\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u5e0c\u671b\u4e0e\u6050\u60e7,\u4ed6\u8d70\u8fdb\u5c71\u6d1e.
非谓语动词是指动词不定式、动名词和分词.
它们是动词的非限定形式.
在句子中它们起着一些特殊的作用.
以下简要介绍它们各自的构成、作用及应用.
二、动词不定式
不定式是指带to的动词原形(使用中有时不带to),
在句中起形容词或副词的作用, 可以作状语和定语.
(一)作定语
1. 动词不定式与其修的词之间往往有动宾关系,
如果该不定式是不及物动词, 其后有必要的介词.
He's pleasant fellow to work with.
There's nothing to worry about.
2. 有些名词后常跟不定式作定语.例如: time, reason, chance,
right, ability, willingness, need, anxiety, wish, plan等.
Women should have the right to receive education.
There is no time to hesitate.
3. the first, the second, the last, the best 等之后用不定式做定语.
The monitor will be the first to come.
He was the last man to blame.
(二)作状语
1. 作目的状语
不定式作状语时, 其动作发生在谓语动词之后, 一般置于句子末尾.
但是, 如果表示强调, 亦可置于句首.
其否定形式为: 在不定式符号前加not.
He went to Shanghai to visit his parents.
To save the earth, we must prevent the earth from being polluted.
I shut the door quietly, so as not to wake the baby.
2. 作结果状语
We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy.
She left home, never to return again.
3. 作原因状语
不定式做原因状语时, 一般放在句子末尾.
She burst into laughter to see his funny action.
The boy was shocked to see the frightening scene.
4. 作独立成分
有些固定词组带to不定式, 表明说话人的立场或态度, 在句中作独立成分.
这些词有:
to be honest, to begin with, to cut a long story short,
to get (back) to the point, not to make much of it,
to put it another way, to tell the truth等.
To tell you the truth, I have never been to Beijing.
To be honest, I have never heard of Winston Churchill.
三、动名词
动名词也是动词的一种非限定形式, 由动词原形加词尾-ing构成.
与现在分词构成法相同.它同时具有动词及名词特征.
以下主要介绍其做定语及状语的情况.
1. 作定语
None is allowed to smoke in the waiting room.
The speeding car came to a stop all of a sudden.
2. 作状语
介词+动名词可以作状语用, 表示时间、原因、目的、让步、方式等.
After finishing the job, he went home.
He was blamed for having done something wrong.
They went to Manchester with the object of winning the World Championship.
四、分词
分词是动词的三种非限定形式之一, 包括现在分词和过去分词两种.
分词可以在句中作状语及定语.
(一)现在分词与过去分词的区别
现舂词与过去分词的区别主要表现在语态和时间概念上.
在语态上,现在分词(除被动式外)表示主动意思, 过去分词表示被动意思.
在时间上, 现在分词表示动作正在进行, 过去分词则表示动作已完成.
developing countries(发展中国家)
developed countries(发达国家)
the touching tale(动人的传说)
the touched audince(受感动的观众)
(二)现在分词的用法
现在分词可在句中作定语和状语.
1. 作定语
现在分词作定语时多置于它所修饰的名词前:
This is a pressing question.
这是一个紧迫的问题.
He asked an embarrassing question.
他提了一个令人难堪的问题.
现在分词亦可置于它所修饰的名词之后:
There were no soldiers drilling.
现在分词短语一般皆置于其修饰的名词之后:
A little child learning to walk often falls.
The men working here are all from the rural areas.
2. 现在分词用作状语
现在分词及其短语从表意的角度看, 也可用作状语, 表示时间、原因、
结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等.
其动作可能发生在谓语动词之前或之后, 也可能与谓语动的动作同时发生.
(1)表示时间
Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view.
He went out shutting the door behind him.
强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时, 现在分词之前可用连词when或while:
When leaving the airport, they waved again and agin to us.
While flying over the Channel, the pilot saw what he thought
to be a meteorite.
(2)表示原因
Being sick, I stayed at home.
She caught cold sitting on the grass.
(3)表示条件
Adopting this method, we will raise the average yield by 40 percent.
Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.
(4)表示让步
Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn't tried her best.
(5)表示结果
It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.
It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining our holday.
(6)表示方式或伴随情况
He ran up to her breathing heavily.
Please fill in the form, giving your name, address, etc.
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绛旓細闈炶皳璇鍔ㄨ瘝鍋氬畾璇紝杩樻槸鐘惰锛屼粠杩2鏂归潰鏉ョ湅 涓銆佷綅缃細浣滃畾璇(鍚嶈瘝/鍚嶈瘝璇嶇粍鐨勪袱杈)鍚嶈瘝/鍚嶈瘝璇嶇粍鐨勫墠杈癸細Developeing country.鍚嶈瘝/鍚嶈瘝璇嶇粍鐨勫悗杈癸細The water to drink.浣滅姸璇(鐢ㄩ楀彿鍗曠嫭鍖哄垎寮鐨勶紝浠庡睘杩炶瘝锛鍙ュ瓙鏈鍚)鐢ㄩ楀彿鍗曠嫭鍖哄垎寮鐨勶細To save money , he has tried every means.浠庡睘杩炶瘝锛...
