什么是英语让步状语从句？ though, although, even if/though 引导的是吗？他们虚拟语气怎么用？ 英语里边什么是让步状语从句，都要倒装？
\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u505a\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u505a\u8ba9\u6b65\uff1f\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u662f\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u2026\u2026\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5373\u4f7f\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7528\u7684\u201c\u9000\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u2026\u201d\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002
\u53eb\u505a\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u7ed9\u4eba\u4e00\u79cd\u9000\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u2026\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002
\u5f15\u5bfc\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u8fde\u8bcd\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff1a
though\uff0calthough\uff0cwhile\uff0cas\uff1b even if\uff0ceven though\uff1b whether...or...\uff1b no matter+\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd\uff0c\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd+ever\uff0cregardless of+\u540d\u8bcd/\u540d\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed/\u540d\u8bcd\u4ece\u53e5\uff0cdespite\uff0cin spite of\u3002
\u5207\u8bb0although\uff0cthough \u4e0d\u53ef\u4e0ebut\u8fde\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0estill\u548cyet\u8fde\u7528\u3002
\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\uff1a
\u7528though/although\uff0c as \u5f15\u5bfc\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u53e5\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528but\u8868\u793a\u8f6c\u6298\u8bed\u6c14\u3002
\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\uff1aThough he looks weak, but he is healthy.
\u800c\u8981\u8bf4\uff1aThough he looks weak, he is healthy.
\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff1aHe looks weak, but he is healthy.
\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8ba9\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5.
though\u548calthough\u5f15\u5bfc\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0ebut\u8fde\u7528\u3002\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u7528"\u867d\u7136\u2026\u2026\u4f46\u662f\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u53ea\u7528though\uff0calthough\u6216but\u5373\u53ef\u3002
Although/though he is very old\uff0c he still works very hard. =\uff08He is very old, he still works very hard\uff09\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u8001\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u52aa\u529b\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bf4\uff1aAlthough/though he is very old, but he still works very hard\u3002
\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1-\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5
\u3010\u4eb2\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7531 \u5929\u9a6c\u884c\u7a7a\u5916\u8bed\u56e2 \u5c0f\u5947\u5947 \u4e3a\u60a8\u89e3\u7b54\u3011
\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u2026\u2026\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5373\u4f7f\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u9000\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4....\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7531though,although,while,as; even if,even though;\u7b49\u8bcd\u5f15\u5bfc
\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7684\u5012\u88c5\uff1a
as / though \u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u8ba9\u6b65\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u5c06\u4f5c\u8868\u8bed\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6216\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u72b6\u8bed\u63d0\u524d\u3002
\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u5012\u88c5\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a
\uff081\uff09\u53e5\u9996\u540d\u8bcd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u51a0\u8bcd\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u53e5\u9996\u662f\u5b9e\u4e49\u52a8\u8bcd, \u5176\u4ed6\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd\u653e\u5728\u4e3b\u8bed\u540e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u4e49\u52a8\u8bcd\u6709\u5bbe\u8bed\u548c\u72b6\u8bed,\u3000 \u968f\u5b9e\u4e49\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e00\u8d77\u653e\u5728\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e4b\u524d\u3002
\u4e0a\u9762\u53ea\u662f\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5206\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e94\u79cd\u53e5\u578b\uff0c\u719f\u8bb0\u5e76\u52a0\u4ee5\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6321\u4f4f\u4f60\u524d\u884c\u7684\u811a\u6b65\uff1a
\u4e00\u3001\u540d\u8bcd + as / though + \u4e3b\u8bed + \u52a8\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000
\u3000\u3000King as he was\uff0c he was unhappy. \u4ed6\u867d\u662f\u56fd\u738b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e78\u798f\u3002
\u3000\u3000Child as he is\uff0c he knows to help other. \u4ed6\u867d\u662f\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u5374\u77e5\u9053\u5e2e\u52a9\u522b\u4eba\u3002
\u3000\u3000Teacher though he is\uff0c he can\u2019t know everything. \u4ed6\u867d\u7136\u662f\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u61c2\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u3010\u8bf4\u660e\u3011\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u8fde\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u662f\u5176\u540e\u8fde\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8868\u8bed\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u524d\u4e60\u60ef\u4e0a\u4e0d\u7528\u51a0\u8bcd\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5176\u524d\u6709\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u4fee\u9970\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u51a0\u8bcd\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a
\u3000\u3000Boy as \uff3bthough\uff3d he is\uff0c he likes to play with girls.=Thoughhe is a boy\uff0c he likes to play with girls. \u4ed6\u867d\u662f\u7537\u5b69\uff0c\u5374\u559c\u6b22\u4e0e\u5973\u5b69\u5b50\u73a9\u3002
\u3000\u3000Strong man as \uff3bthough\uff3d he is\uff0c General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks.= Thoughhe is a strong man\uff0c General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks. \u6ce2\u8d5b\u5c06\u519b\u867d\u7136\u575a\u5f3a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u6570\u5468\u91cc\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4e25\u5cfb\u7684\u8003\u9a8c\u3002
\u3000\u3000
\u4e8c\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd + as / though + \u4e3b\u8bed + \u52a8\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000
\u3000\u3000Successful as he is\uff0c he is not proud. \u4ed6\u867d\u7136\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u9a84\u50b2\u3002
\u3000\u3000Improbable as it seems\uff0c it\u2019s true. \u867d\u7136\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u662f\u771f\u7684\u3002
\u3000\u3000Stupid as it sounds\uff0cI was so in love with her that I believed her. \u5c3d\u7ba1\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u611a\u8822\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u7231\u5979\u7adf\u7136\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u8bdd\u3002
\u3000\u3000Patient as he was\uff0che didn\u2019t like waiting that long. \u4ed6\u867d\u8bf4\u6709\u8010\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u613f\u7b49\u8fd9\u4e48\u957f\u3002
\u3000\u3000Beautiful though the necklace was\uff0cwe thought it was over-priced. \u90a3\u6761\u9879\u94fe\u867d\u7136\u5f88\u6f02\u4eae\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ef7\u94b1\u592a\u9ad8\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u3010\u8bf4\u660e\u3011\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e5f\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u8fde\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u662f\u5176\u540e\u8fde\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8868\u8bed\u3002
\u3000\u3000
\u4e09\u3001\u526f\u8bcd + as / though + \u4e3b\u8bed + \u52a8\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000
\u3000\u3000Much as I like Paris\uff0cI couldn\u2019t live there. \u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f4f\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u3002
\u3000\u3000Hard though they tried\uff0c they couldn\u2019t make her change her mind. \u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6cd5\u8ba9\u5979\u6539\u53d8\u4e3b\u610f\u3002
\u3000\u3000Fast as you read\uff0c you can\u2019t finish the book in two days. \u5c3d\u7ba1\u4f60\u8bfb\u5f97\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u4f60\u603b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u4e24\u5929\u4e4b\u5185\u5c31\u8bfb\u5b8c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u3002
\u3000\u3000He was unable to make much progress\uff0c hard as he tried. \u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u505a\u4e86\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5374\u672a\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u5f88\u5927\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u3010\u8bf4\u660e\u3011\u6709\u7684\u8bcd\u5178\u5c06 much as \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e60\u8bed\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4ee5\u5f15\u5bfc\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u590d\u5408\u8fde\u8bcd\u3002\u518d\u5982\uff1a
\u3000\u3000Much as I admire him as a writer\uff0cI do not like him as a man. \u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u6211\u5f88\u4f69\u670d\u4ed6\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5374\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002
\u3000\u3000Much as I like you\uff0c I couldn\u2019t live with you. \u6211\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5f88\u559c\u6b22\u4f60\uff0c \u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u548c\u4f60\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u751f\u6d3b\u3002
\u3000\u3000
\u56db\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62 + as / though + \u4e3b\u8bed + \u52a8\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000
\u3000\u3000Object as you may\uff0c I\u2019ll go.\u7eb5\u4f7f\u4f60\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u8981\u53bb\u3002
\u3000\u3000Try as he might\uff0c he couldn\u2019t solve the problem. \u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u60f3\u65b9\u8bbe\u6cd5\uff0c\u5374\u672a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\u3000\u3000Search as they would\uff0c they would find nobody in the house. \u65e0\u8bba\u600e\u6837\u641c\u67e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u623f\u5b50\u91cc\u4ecd\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002
\u3000\u3000Dislike him as we may\uff0c we must acknowledge his greatness. \u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u4ed6\uff0c\u4f46\u5fc5\u987b\u627f\u8ba4\u4ed6\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u3002
\u3000\u3000Lose money as I did\uff0c we got a lot of experience. \u94b1\u867d\u7136\u4e22\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5374\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002
\u3000\u3000Fail in the election as he did\uff0c he became famous for his fiery speech against slavery. \u5c3d\u7ba1\u843d\u9009\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5374\u4ee5\u5176\u53cd\u5bf9\u5974\u96b6\u5236\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u6f14\u8bf4\u800c\u51fa\u4e86\u540d\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u3010\u8bf4\u660e\u3011\u4e3b\u8bed\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a may\uff0c might\uff0c would\uff0c did \u7b49\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd(\u82e5\u8868\u793a\u60c5\u6001\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u7528\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1b\u82e5\u9648\u8ff0\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5219\u7528 did\uff0c do \u7b49\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd)\u3002
\u3000\u3000
\u4e94\u3001\u5206\u8bcd + as / though + \u4e3b\u8bed + \u52a8\u8bcd
\u3000\u3000
\u3000\u3000Raining hard as it is\uff0c I\u2019m going out for a walk. \u867d\u7136\u6b63\u5728\u4e0b\u7740\u5927\u96e8\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u51fa\u53bb\u6563\u6b65\u3002
\u3000\u3000Surrounded as we were by the enemy\uff0c we managed to march forward. \u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u88ab\u654c\u4eba\u5305\u56f4\u7740\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u8bbe\u6cd5\u524d\u8fdb\u4e86\u3002
\u3000\u3000Munching the apple as he was\uff0c he had got an eye for all John\u2019s movements. \u4ed6\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u52b2\u5730\u56bc\u7740\u82f9\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u8b66\u60d5\u7740\u7ea6\u7ff0\u7684\u4e00\u4e3e\u4e00\u52a8\u3002
\u3000\u3000
\u3010\u4e09\u6761\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\u3011
\u3000\u3000
\u3000\u30001.\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5012\u88c5\u7684\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u53ef\u7528 as\uff0c though \u6765\u5f15\u5bfc\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528 although \u6765\u5f15\u5bfc\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u672a\u5012\u88c5\u7684\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u5374\u53ef\u7528 though\uff0c although \u6765\u5f15\u5bfc\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528 as \u6765\u5f15\u5bfc\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c although \u5f15\u5bfc\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5012\u88c5\uff0cas \u5f15\u5bfc\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u5012\u88c5\uff0c\u800c though \u5f15\u5bfc\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5012\u88c5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5012\u88c5\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u3000\u3000\u867d\u7136\u5f88\u665a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u7ee7\u7eed\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6b63\uff1aLate as \uff3bthough\uff3d it was\uff0c we still went on working.
\u3000\u3000\u6b63\uff1aThoughit was late\uff0c we still went on working.
\u3000\u3000\u8bef\uff1aLate although it was\uff0c we still went on working .
\u3000\u3000\u8bef\uff1aAs it was late\uff0c we still went on working.
\u3000\u30002. \u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5012\u88c5\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u533a\u522b\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u770b\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u8ba9\u6b65\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e0e\u4e3b\u53e5\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u800c\u539f\u56e0\u4ece\u53e5\u5219\u4e0e\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a
\u3000\u3000Tired as he was\uff0c he sat up late studying at night. \u6628\u665a\u4ed6\u867d\u7136\u5f88\u75b2\u5026\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u5f88\u665a\u624d\u7761\u3002(\u8868\u8ba9\u6b65)
\u3000\u3000Tired as he was\uff0c he went to bed early. \u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u7d2f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u7761\u5f97\u5f88\u65e9\u3002(\u8868\u539f\u56e0)
\u3000\u3000Young as he was\uff0c he was equal to the task. \u4ed6\u867d\u5e74\u8f7b\uff0c\u5374\u80fd\u80dc\u4efb\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002(\u8868\u8ba9\u6b65)
\u3000\u3000Young as he was\uff0c he was not equal to the task. \u4ed6\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e74\u8f7b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd\u80dc\u4efb\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002(\u8868\u539f\u56e0)
\u3000\u30003. \u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7528 as...as \u5f15\u5bfc\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u3000\u3000Cold as it was\uff0c we went out.=As cold as it was\uff0c we went out. \u5c3d\u7ba1\u5929\u6c14\u51b7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u51fa\u53bb\u4e86\u3002
\u3000\u3000Successful as he is\uff0c he is not proud.=As successful as he is\uff0c he is not proud. \u4ed6\u867d\u6210\u529f\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u9a84\u50b2\u3002
\u3010\u4e0d\u61c2\u5f97\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u95ee\u6211\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u5e2e\u5230\u60a8\uff0c\u671f\u76fc\u7740\u60a8\u7684\u91c7\u7eb3\uff01\u3011
\u3010\u60a8\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u672c\u6761\u56de\u7b54\u6765\u81ea\u5929\u9a6c\u884c\u7a7a\u5c0f\u5947\u5947\u3011
【2】though, although, even if/though 引导的是英语让步状语从句
【3】用在asif/as though,或evenif/even though引导的从句中:这时,如果从句中表示的动作发生在过去,则谓语动词用had＋过去分词形式；如果指的时现在的状况,则用过去式 (be用were)；指将来则用would(should,could)+动词原形.这里只看从句动作发生的时间,与主句的时态没有关系.
Forexample:
Some metals look at first sight as though they weregold.
He looked as if he were an artist.
He speaks English so fluently as if he had studiedEnglish in the U.S.
He always sounds as if he would help you.
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,itlooks as if it were broken.
Even if he were here,he could not solve theproblem.
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