黄皮的病虫防治 黄皮果树管理技术
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黄皮主要病虫害有炭疽病、煤烟病、蚜虫、介壳虫、潜叶蛾、红蜘蛛、白蛾蜡蝉等。
农业防治：加强果园管理，增强树势；防旱排渍，做好整形修剪工作，保持通风透光；冬季清洁果园。
物理防治：采用银灰膜避蚜、黄色粘虫板诱杀等。
生物防治：合理选用农药及使用农药；在果园中保留覆盖白花草，保护利用天敌（如捕食螨、食螨瓢虫、草蛉、寄生菌等），采用生物农药防治病虫害。
化学防治：做好病虫害的测报工作，适时用药，交替用药，选用高效、低毒、低残留农药。 彻底清除蚜虫、介壳虫等传媒，在发病初期及时喷药防治，可在杀菌剂中加入杀虫剂（注意农药是否可以混合使用），达到除虫防病目的。可选用硫磺胶悬剂400倍或50%代森锌800倍或30%氧氯化铜悬浮液600倍防治。
蚜虫抽梢抽穗期为防治重点，用2.5%功夫水乳剂2000倍或40%乐果乳油1000倍或80%敌敌畏乳油800倍喷雾防治。 叶和根含黄酮甙、生物碱、香豆素及酚类化合物；种子含油约53%。黄皮的果实成熟后除可以生吃外，还可以加工制成果酱、蜜饯、饮料和糖果。
黄皮种子富含油分，出油率高达42%，为优良的润滑剂。黄皮作为一种优质的水果，其果实除鲜食外，尚可加工成果冻、果酱、蜜饯、果饼及清凉饮料等或盐渍、糖渍。所以，在民间黄皮素有“果中之宝”之称。
夏天吃黄皮时，可以将果肉、果皮和果核放在口中嚼碎，连渣带汁一并吞下，味虽有些苦，但可以起到降火、治疗消化不良、胃脘饱胀的作用。
黄皮生津止渴、消食健胃的夏季滋味，民间也喜欢拿水煎黄皮叶来防治感冒，或者用黄皮树根来治气痛。黄皮的果皮和果核也都是入药良材，有利尿消肿、行气止痛等功效。黄皮促进消化功能。
黄皮果
性味：味苦；辛；酸，微温。
功能主治：行气；消食；化痰。主食积胀满；脘腹疼痛；疝痛；痰饮咳喘。
用法用量：内服：煎汤，15-30g。
使用注意：《本草求原》：多食动火，发疮节。
黄皮果核
性味：味辛；微苦；性微温。
功能主治：行气止痛；解毒散结。主食滞胃痛；气滞脘腹疼痛；疝痛；睾丸肿痛；痛经；小儿头疮；蜈蚣咬伤。
用法用量：内服：煎汤，9-15g。外用：捣烂敷。
使用注意：气虚者禁服。
黄皮叶
性味：辛；苦；性平。
功能主治：解表散热；行气化痰；利尿；解毒。主温病发热；流脑；疟疾；咳嗽痰喘；脘腹疼痛；风湿痹痛；黄肿；小便不利；热毒疥癣；蛇虫咬伤。
用法用量：内服：煎汤，15-30g（鲜品30-60g）。外用：适量，煎水洗或捣烂敷。
黄皮根
性味：味辛；苦；微温。
功能主治：行气止痛。主气滞胃痛；腹痛；疝痛；风湿骨痛；痛经。
用法用量：内服：煎汤9-60g。
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绛旓細4銆鐥呰櫕瀹抽槻娌 榛勭毊鐨涓昏鐥呭鏈夌偔鐤界梾銆佺叅鐑熺梾锛岃櫕瀹充富瑕佹槸鐧借浘銆佽湣铦夛紝鐐柦鐥呭湪榛勭毊鍚勪釜鐢熼暱闃舵鐨嗗彲鍙戜綔锛岄槻娌绘柟娉曟槸锛氳鍔犲己鑲ユ按绠＄悊锛屾彁楂樻爲鍔垮拰妞嶆牚鐨勬姉鐥呭姏锛屽啲瀛ｆ椂鍋氬ソ鍥棿娓呮磥宸ヤ綔锛屽強鏃朵慨鍓帀鐥呮灊鍙躲佺儌鏋滅瓑锛屽噺灏戠梾婧愶紝鍙戠梾鏃跺強鏃跺柗鑽紝濡傛墭甯冩触鍙侀鑿岀壒銆佺櫨鑿屾竻銆佸鑿岀伒绛夈傞槻娌荤叅鐑熺梾棣栧厛...
绛旓細(2)闃叉不鐥呰櫕:鍦ㄧ姊㈣悓鍙戝拰鐢熼暱鍙戣偛鏃,鍔犲己瀵圭梾铏彂鐢熸儏鍐电殑妫鏌,鍙戠幇鐥呰櫕瀹崇珛鍗虫柦鑽柗鏉,鍘嬩綆铏彛瀵嗗害,鍑忓皯鐥呭鐨勫彂鐢熴 (3)閫傚綋鍒舵按銆佸埗鑲:鍦ㄨ姳鑺藉垎鍖栨湡,鍗12鏈堣嚦缈屽勾1鏈,绉嬫ⅱ鑰佺啛鍚,鍑忓皯鐏屾按鍜屾柦鑲,淇冭繘鏋濇ⅱ杩涘叆浼戠湢鐘舵,鍒╀簬鑺辫娊鍒嗗寲銆 6銆佺枏鑺便佺枏鏋溿佷繚鏋: (1)鐤忚姳:榛勭毊鑺辩澶,灏忚姳澶,姣忕杈惧崈鏈...
绛旓細榛勭毊鏋滆竟寮鑺憋紝杈硅惤鏋滐紝鏄湁鐥呰櫕瀹充簡銆榛勭毊鐥呰櫕闃叉不 榛勭毊涓昏鐥呰櫕瀹虫湁鐓ょ儫鐥呫佽殰铏佷粙澹宠櫕銆佹綔鍙惰浘銆佺孩铚樿洓銆佺櫧铔捐湣铦夌瓑銆傚啘涓氶槻娌伙細鍔犲己鏋滃洯绠＄悊锛屽寮烘爲鍔匡紱闃叉棻鎺掓笉锛屽仛濂芥暣褰慨鍓伐浣滐紝淇濇寔閫氶閫忓厜锛涘啲瀛ｆ竻娲佹灉鍥傜墿鐞嗛槻娌伙細閲囩敤閾剁伆鑶滈伩铓溿侀粍鑹茬矘铏澘璇辨潃绛夈傜敓鐗╅槻娌伙細鍚堢悊閫夌敤鍐滆嵂鍙婁娇鐢ㄥ啘鑽紱...
绛旓細3.绋冲畾娓╁害锛榛勭毊鏍戞槸涓绉嶄富瑕佺敓闀垮湪鐑甫鍜屼簹鐑甫鍦板尯鐨勬鐗╋紝瀵规俯搴﹀彉鍖栧緢鏁忔劅銆傞粍鐨爲鐨勫勾闄嶆按閲忎竴鑸湪1000姣背浠ヤ笂锛屽勾骞冲潎姘旀俯鍦20鎽勬皬搴︿互涓婏紝鏈浣庢皵娓╀笉浣庝簬12鎽勬皬搴︼紝鍑虹幇榛勫彾鐨勬儏鍐甸渶瑕佸強鏃朵繚鏆栥4.鐥呰櫕瀹抽槻娌锛氬鏋滈粍鐨爲鐨勯粍鍙剁幇璞′即闅忕潃鏋悗锛岄偅涔堝氨鏈夊彲鑳芥劅鏌撻粍鍙剁梾锛屽洜姝ゆ湁蹇呰绔嬪嵆鍒囨柇鎵鏈夊凡...
绛旓細3.鐥呰櫕瀹抽槻娌锛氱瀛ｆⅱ鍙惰繑闈掑姞寮虹梾铏闃叉不锛屽柗鏂藉彾闈㈣偉闃叉不绾㈣湗铔涖佹綔鍙惰浘銆佺偔鐤界梾绛夌梾铏銆備簩銆佷績杩涙棤鏍榛勭毊鑺辫娊鍒嗗寲锛12鏈堜笂鏃拰涓棳锛屾牴鎹ぉ姘旀儏鍐佃皟鏁磋偉姘达紝淇濇姢绉嬫ⅱ锛屾帶鍒跺啲姊傛柟娉曪細1銆佹矡鍐呮帓姘淬佹澗鍦熴佸垏鏍规垨鐜壊绛夈2.鐢500-800 ppm鐨勫繀涔呮垨澶氭晥鍞戝柗娲掍袱娆★紝姣15澶╀竴娆°備袱鑰呭潎鑳芥姂鍒...
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绛旓細娉ㄦ剰浜嬮」 瀹氭鏃榛勭毊鑻楃殑鏍硅閬垮厤涓庤偉鏂欐帴瑙︼紝鑻楁湪瑕佷繚鎸佺洿绔嬶紝鏍圭郴鍚戝洓鍛ㄨ嚜鐒惰垝灞曪紝娣卞害浠ョ粏鍦熻鐩栬嫍鏈ㄥ埌鏍归涓哄疁銆傞粍鐨妞嶄腑鐥呰櫕瀹鐨勯槻娌 1銆侀粍鐨偔鐤界梾锛氶粍鐨偔鐤界梾鏄敓浜т笂鐨勪竴绉嶅父瑙佺梾锛屽悇涓敓鑲叉湡鍧囧彲鎰熺梾锛屾槗閫犳垚鍙舵枒銆佸彾鑵愩佺鏋濄佽姳鑵愩佹灉鑵愶紝濡傛灉榛勭毊涓 鍏跺畠 浣滅墿闂寸涓旂妞嶇殑瀵嗗害澶э紝...
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