初三物理所有电路公式 初三物理电学计算公式有哪些？（要说明，越详细越好）

\u521d\u4e2d\u7269\u7406\u7535\u5b66\u6240\u6709\u516c\u5f0f

\u4e00\u3001 \u6b27\u59c6\u5b9a\u5f8b\u90e8\u5206 1\uff0e I=U/R\uff08\u6b27\u59c6\u5b9a\u5f8b:\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u8ddf\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e24\u7aef\u7535\u538b\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u8ddf\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u7535\u963b\u6210\u53cd\u6bd4\uff09 2\uff0e I=I1=I2=\u2026=In (\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u6d41\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u7535\u6d41\u5904\u5904\u76f8\u7b49) 3\uff0e U=U1+U2+\u2026+Un (\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u538b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u603b\u7535\u538b\u7b49\u4e8e\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u7535\u8def\u4e24\u7aef\u7535\u538b\u4e4b\u548c) 4\uff0e I=I1+I2+\u2026+In (\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u6d41\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u5e72\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u7b49\u4e8e\u5404\u652f\u8def\u7535\u6d41\u4e4b\u548c) 5\uff0e U=U1=U2=\u2026=Un \uff08\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u538b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u5404\u652f\u8def\u4e24\u7aef\u7535\u538b\u76f8\u7b49\u3002\u90fd\u7b49\u4e8e\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\uff09 6\uff0e R=R1+R2+\u2026+Rn (\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u963b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u603b\u7535\u963b\u7b49\u4e8e\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u7535\u8def\u7535\u963b\u4e4b\u548c) 7\uff0e 1/R=1/R1+1/R2+\u2026+1/Rn (\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u963b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u603b\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5012\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e\u5404\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5012\u6570\u4e4b\u548c) 8\uff0e R\u5e76= R/n\uff08n\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7535\u963b\u5e76\u8054\u65f6\u6c42\u603b\u7535\u963b\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\uff09 9\uff0e R\u4e32=nR (n\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7535\u963b\u4e32\u8054\u65f6\u6c42\u603b\u7535\u963b\u7684\u516c\u5f0f) 10\uff0e U1\uff1aU2=R1\uff1aR2 \uff08\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u538b\u4e0e\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u7535\u538b\u4e4b\u6bd4\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7535\u963b\u4e4b\u6bd4\uff09 11\uff0e I1\uff1aI2=R2\uff1aR1 \uff08\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u6d41\u4e0e\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u7535\u6d41\u4e4b\u6bd4\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7535\u963b\u7684\u53cd\u6bd4\uff09 \u4e8c\u3001 \u7535\u529f\u7535\u529f\u7387\u90e8\u5206 12\uff0eP=UI \uff08\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7535\u8def\uff09 13\uff0eP=W/t \uff08\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7535\u8def\uff09 14\uff0eQ=I2Rt (\u7126\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7535\u8def) 15\uff0eP=P1+P2+\u2026+Pn \uff08\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7535\u8def\uff09 16\uff0eW=UIt (\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5f0f,\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7535\u8def) 17. P=I2R (\u590d\u5408\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7eaf\u7535\u963b\u7535\u8def) 18. P=U2/R (\u590d\u5408\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7eaf\u7535\u963b\u7535\u8def) 19. W=Q \uff08\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7eaf\u7535\u963b\u7535\u8def\u3002\u5176\u4e2dW\u662f\u7535\u6d41\u6d41\u8fc7\u5bfc\u4f53\u6240\u505a\u7684\u529f\uff0cQ\u662f\u7535\u6d41\u6d41\u8fc7\u5bfc\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u70ed\uff09 20. W=I2Rt (\u590d\u5408\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7eaf\u7535\u963b\u7535\u8def) 21. W=U2t/R (\u590d\u5408\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7eaf\u7535\u963b\u7535\u8def) 22\uff0eP1:P2=U1:U2=R1:R2 (\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e0e\u7535\u538b\u3001\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e4b\u6bd4\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7535\u538b\u3001\u7535\u963b\u4e4b\u6bd4) 23\uff0eP1:P2=I1:I2=R2:R1 (\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e0e\u7535\u6d41\u3001\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e4b\u6bd4\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u4e4b\u6bd4\u3001\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7535\u963b\u7684\u53cd\u6bd4)

\u4e00\u3001 \u6b27\u59c6\u5b9a\u5f8b\u90e8\u5206

1\uff0e I=U/R\uff08\u6b27\u59c6\u5b9a\u5f8b:\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u8ddf\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e24\u7aef\u7535\u538b\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u8ddf\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u7535\u963b\u6210\u53cd\u6bd4\uff09

2\uff0e I=I1=I2=\u2026=In (\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u6d41\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u7535\u6d41\u5904\u5904\u76f8\u7b49)

3\uff0e U=U1+U2+\u2026+Un (\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u538b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u603b\u7535\u538b\u7b49\u4e8e\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u7535\u8def\u4e24\u7aef\u7535\u538b\u4e4b\u548c)

4\uff0e I=I1+I2+\u2026+In (\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u6d41\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u5e72\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u7b49\u4e8e\u5404\u652f\u8def\u7535\u6d41\u4e4b\u548c)

5\uff0e U=U1=U2=\u2026=Un \uff08\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u538b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u5404\u652f\u8def\u4e24\u7aef\u7535\u538b\u76f8\u7b49\u3002\u90fd\u7b49\u4e8e\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\uff09

6\uff0e R=R1+R2+\u2026+Rn (\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u963b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u603b\u7535\u963b\u7b49\u4e8e\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u7535\u8def\u7535\u963b\u4e4b\u548c)

7\uff0e 1/R=1/R1+1/R2+\u2026+1/Rn (\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u963b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u603b\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5012\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e\u5404\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5012\u6570\u4e4b\u548c)

8\uff0e R\u5e76= R/n\uff08n\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7535\u963b\u5e76\u8054\u65f6\u6c42\u603b\u7535\u963b\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\uff09

9\uff0e R\u4e32=nR (n\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7535\u963b\u4e32\u8054\u65f6\u6c42\u603b\u7535\u963b\u7684\u516c\u5f0f)

10\uff0e U1\uff1aU2=R1\uff1aR2 \uff08\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u538b\u4e0e\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u7535\u538b\u4e4b\u6bd4\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7535\u963b\u4e4b\u6bd4\uff09

11\uff0e I1\uff1aI2=R2\uff1aR1 \uff08\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u6d41\u4e0e\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u7535\u6d41\u4e4b\u6bd4\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7535\u963b\u7684\u53cd\u6bd4\uff09



\u4e8c\u3001 \u7535\u529f\u7535\u529f\u7387\u90e8\u5206

12\uff0eP=UI \uff08\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7535\u8def\uff09

13\uff0eP=W/t \uff08\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7535\u8def\uff09

14\uff0eQ=I2Rt (\u7126\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7535\u8def)

15\uff0eP=P1+P2+\u2026+Pn \uff08\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7535\u8def\uff09

16\uff0eW=UIt (\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5f0f,\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7535\u8def)

17. P=I2R (\u590d\u5408\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7eaf\u7535\u963b\u7535\u8def)

18. P=U2/R (\u590d\u5408\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7eaf\u7535\u963b\u7535\u8def)

19. W=Q \uff08\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7eaf\u7535\u963b\u7535\u8def\u3002\u5176\u4e2dW\u662f\u7535\u6d41\u6d41\u8fc7\u5bfc\u4f53\u6240\u505a\u7684\u529f\uff0cQ\u662f\u7535\u6d41\u6d41\u8fc7\u5bfc\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u70ed\uff09

20. W=I2Rt (\u590d\u5408\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7eaf\u7535\u963b\u7535\u8def)

21. W=U2t/R (\u590d\u5408\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u7eaf\u7535\u963b\u7535\u8def)

22\uff0eP1:P2=U1:U2=R1:R2 (\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e0e\u7535\u538b\u3001\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e4b\u6bd4\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7535\u538b\u3001\u7535\u963b\u4e4b\u6bd4)

23\uff0eP1:P2=I1:I2=R2:R1 (\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e0e\u7535\u6d41\u3001\u7535\u963b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e4b\u6bd4\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u4e4b\u6bd4\u3001\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7535\u963b\u7684\u53cd\u6bd4)

\u5982\u6ee1\u610f\u8bf7\u91c7\u7eb3\uff01

1、串联电路电流和电压有以下几个规律：（如：R1，R2串联）
①电流：I=I1=I2（串联电路中各处的电流相等）
②电压：U=U1+U2（总电压等于各处电压之和）
③电阻：R=R1+R2（总电阻等于各电阻之和）如果n个阻值相同的电阻串联，则有R总=nR
2、并联电路电流和电压有以下几个规律：（如：R1，R2并联）
①电流：I=I1+I2（干路电流等于各支路电流之和）
②电压：U=U1=U2（干路电压等于各支路电压）
③电阻： （总电阻的倒数等于各并联电阻的倒数和）或 。
如果n个阻值相同的电阻并联，则有R总= R
注意：并联电路的总电阻比任何一个支路电阻都小。
电功计算公式：W=UIt（式中单位W→焦(J)；U→伏(V)；I→安(A)；t→秒）。
5、利用W=UIt计算电功时注意：①式中的W、U、I和t是在同一段电路；②计算时单位要统一；③已知任意的三个量都可以求出第四个量。
6、计算电功还可用以下公式：W=I2Rt ；W=Pt；W=UQ（Q是电量）；

姹傚垵涓鐗╃悊鐢佃矾瀛︾殑鎵鏈夊叕寮
绛旓細涓茶仈鐢佃矾鐢垫祦I锛圓锛塈=I1=I2=鈥︹︾數娴佸澶勭浉绛変覆鑱旂數璺數鍘婾锛圴锛塙=U1+U2+鈥︹︿覆鑱旂數璺捣鍒嗗帇浣滅敤涓茶仈鐢佃矾鐢甸樆R锛埼╋級R=R1+R2+鈥︹﹀苟鑱旂數璺數娴両锛圓锛塈=I1+I2+鈥︹﹀共璺數娴佺瓑浜鍚鏀矾鐢垫祦涔嬪拰锛堝垎娴侊級骞惰仈鐢佃矾鐢靛帇U锛圴锛塙=U1=U2=鈥︹﹀苟鑱旂數璺數闃籖锛埼╋級1/R=1/R1+1/R2+鈥︹︽濮...

鍒濅腑鐗╃悊鐢靛鍏紡澶у叏,瑕佽缁嗙偣
绛旓細鍒濅腑鐗╃悊鍏紡锛堢數瀛﹂儴鍒嗭級 鐢佃矾涓熀鏈數閲忕殑鍏崇郴鐗╃悊閲忚绠楀叕寮忎覆鑱旂數璺苟鑱旂數璺數娴佸畾涔夊紡锛=锛/tI 1 = I 2 = 鈥︼缉n I = I 1 +I 2 + 鈥︼缉n鍏跺畠锛= U/ R锛= P/ U鐢靛帇瀹氫箟寮 U = U 1 + U 2 + 鈥︼嫉n U 1 = U 2 = 鈥︼嫉n鍏跺畠U = I RU = P/ I鐢甸樆R=U/IR ...

鍒濅腑鐗╃悊鐢靛鍏紡褰掔撼鏈夊摢浜
绛旓細鍒濅腑鐗╃悊鐢靛鍏紡绻佸,涓鍚勭鐗╃悊瑙勫緥鍦ㄤ覆骞惰仈涓ょ鐢佃矾涓湁鏃跺畬鍏ㄤ笉鍚,浣垮緱瀛︾敓鏋佹槗灏鍚勭鍏紡娣锋穯,涓轰簡浣垮鐢熷鏁翠釜鐢靛鍏紡鏈変竴涓畬鏁寸殑浜嗚В,浠ヤ笅鏄垜鍒嗕韩缁欏ぇ瀹剁殑鍒濅腑鐗╃悊鐢靛鍏紡,甯屾湜鍙互甯埌浣! 鍒濅腑鐗╃悊鐢靛鍏紡 鈼嗙數娴(A): I=U/R(鐢垫祦闅忕潃鐢靛帇,鐢甸樆鍙) 鈼嗙數鍘(V): U=IR(鐢靛帇涓嶉殢鐢垫祦鍙樸傜數鍘嬫槸浜х敓...

鍒濅笁鐢靛鍏紡,鎵鏈鐨
绛旓細+1/Rn (骞惰仈鐢佃矾涓數闃荤殑鐗圭偣锛氭荤數闃荤殑鍊掓暟绛変簬鍚骞惰仈鐢甸樆鐨勫掓暟涔嬪拰) 8锛 R骞= R/n锛坣涓浉鍚岀數闃诲苟鑱旀椂姹傛荤數闃荤殑鍏紡锛 9锛 R涓=nR (n涓浉鍚岀數闃讳覆鑱旀椂姹傛荤數闃荤殑鍏紡) 10锛 U1锛歎2=R1锛歊2 锛堜覆鑱旂數璺腑鐢靛帇涓庣數闃荤殑鍏崇郴锛氱數鍘嬩箣姣旂瓑浜庡畠浠墍瀵瑰簲鐨勭數闃讳箣姣旓級 11锛 I1锛欼2=...

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