cost pay spend和take的区别 cost,pay,spend和take的区别

Spend\uff0cpay for\uff0ccost\u548ctake\u7684\u533a\u522b

take, spend, cost, pay\u90fd\u662f\u82b1\u8d39\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u533a\u522b\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\u4f60\u4f1a\u4e86\u5417

这四个词语的对象和具体的使用语境、用法不同:

1、cost /kɒst/

本词指的是花费时间、金钱、劳力等。其主语是物,而不能由人充当,也不用被动形式。

用法:

Sth. cost sb. ? 

某物花了某人?钱。

例句:It cost us five dollars.

这东西花了我五美元。

2、spend /'spend/

这是比较正式的用词,通常指为某一专门目的而花费大量金钱、时间或是精力。主语必须是人。

用法:

(1)Sb. Spend ? on sth. 

某人花了?(时间、金钱)在某事上。

例句:I spend ten yuan on the book.

我在买书上花了十元钱。

(2)spend (in) doing sth. 

某人花了?(时间、金钱)做某事。

例句:She spent two hours in drawing the house.

她花了两个小时时间在房间里穿衣服。

3、Take /teɪk/

指的是需要占用空间、时间或精力等,其主语可以是人,也可以是一件事情。

用法:It takes/took sb. ? to do sth. 

花了某人?(时间、金钱)做某事。

例句:It takes me ten minutes to brush my teeth every day.

我每天刷牙要花费十分钟。

4、Pay /peɪ/

本词表示支付、偿还,它可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。

用法:Sb. pay ?for ?sth. 

某人为某物花了?钱。

例句:I paid 50 yuan for the clothes.

为这件衣服,我花了50元钱。



spend,cost,take和pay的区别是历年中考试题的必考内容之一,虽然它们都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同.
spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱).例:I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时.(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事.例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间.(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买…….例:His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了.
cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示“值”, 常见用法如下:(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱.例:A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱.(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间.例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词.
注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句.
take后面常跟双宾语, 常见用法有以下几种:(1) It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间.例:It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路.(2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间.例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车.
pay的基本用法是:(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买…….例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租.(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱.例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款.(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱.例:Don?蒺t worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的.(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人. 例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬.(5)pay money back 还钱.例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你.(6)pay off one's money还清钱.
spend/cost/pay/take
(1)spend的主语通常是人,往往用于以下句型:
(sb)spend some money/some time on sth.
(sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth.例如:
I spent fifty yuan on the coat.
= I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣.
He spent three days on the work.
= He spend three days (in) doing the work. 我干这项工作用了3天.
(2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间,其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物.句式是:
It takes/took sb.some time to do sth=Sth.takes sb.some time. 例如:
It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses.
画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间.
The work will take me two days.这项工作花了2天时间.
(3) pay为“付款、赔偿”之意,主语通常是人,往往是sb. pays some money for sth或pay sb.(some money for sth) 例如:
I paid fifty yuan for the coat.我花50元买了这件大衣.
He has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine? 他买药已付医生50英镑.
How much did you pay him? 你付他多少钱?
(4) cost的主语必须是某物.spend … on sth./in doing sth.的主语必须是人.pay … for 的主语也是人.It takes + sb.+ 时间(或钱)to do sth.的主语则必须是形式主语It. 动词cost的常用用法是sth.cost (sb.) some money.

许多同学在做题时遇到“花费”问题时,往往很容易出错,不知道花费的是什么,主语是什么等等。今天老师就来给同学们讲解一下英语中四个“花费”的用法与区别。

一、spend 表示 “花费”,主语为“人”,宾语(即花费的什么)为“时间/金钱”。

主要句型为:

1、sb spend some time/some money on sth 某人在某物上花费多少时间/金钱

例如:

l spent 120 yuan on this skirt.我花费120元买这条裙子。

He spends a lot of money on books every year.他每年都花费许多钱买书。

2、sb spend some time/some money ( in ) doing sth 某人花费时间/金钱做某事,( in )可以省略

例如:

Jack spends an hour ( in )doing his homework after school every day.杰克每天放学后都花费1个小时的时间做作业。

Lily spent 3 yuan ( in ) buying this storybook .莉莉花费了3元买这本故事书。

二、cost 表示“花费”,主语为“物”,宾语( 即花费的什么 )为“金钱”

主要句型为:

sth cost sb some money 某物花费了某人多少钱

例如:

This skirt cost me 120 yuan. 这条裙子花费了我120元。

三、pay 表示“支付,付钱”,主语为“人”,宾语( 即支付的什么 )为“金钱”

主要句型为:

sb pay some money for sth 某人为某物支付多少钱

例如:

I paid 30 yuan for the toy. 我支付了30yuan买这个玩具。

Wang Li paid 500 yuan for the bike.王丽花500元买了这辆自行车。

拓展 : pay for sb. 替某人付钱

例如:

don't worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的。

pay money back 还钱

例如 :

Can you lend me some money? l'll pay it back the day after tomorrow.你能借给我一些钱吗?我后天还给你。

四、take 表示“花费”,主语为形式主语“lt”或“物”

主要句型为:

lt takes sb some time to do sth .某人花费多长时间做某事

例如:

It took us three hours to go to Beijing.我们花费了3个小时的时间去北京。

The trip took me a week.这次旅行花费了我一周的时间。

注 :

1、当表示花费“金钱”时,spent、pay、和cost 的句子可以互换。

例如:

Lily spent 50 yuan onthe schoolbag.

= The schoolbagcost Lily 50 yuan.

= Lily paid 50 yuan for the schoolbag.

2、当表示花费“时间”时,spend 句型可以和take 句型互换。

例如:

Jack spends two hours ( in )doing his homework every day.

= lt takes Jack two hours to do his homework every day.



spend、cost 、pay 、take的区别 :

  1. spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:
    (1)  spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间/金钱 ,例:I spent two hours on this maths problem.       这道数学题花了我两个小时。  

    (2)  spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。  例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge.       造这座桥花了他们两年时间。  
    (3)  spend money for sth. 花钱买……。  例:His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。    

2.   cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示"值", 常见用法如下:  (1)  sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。  

例:A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。  (2)  (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。  

例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了     这些单词。  

注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。    

3.   take后面常跟双宾语, 常见用法有以下几种:  

(1)  It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。  例:It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。  

(2)  doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。  例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。    

4.   pay的基本用法是:  

(1)  pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。  例:I have to pay them 20 dollars for this room each month. 我每个月要付20美元 的房租。  

(2)  pay for sth. 付……的钱。  例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 

(3)  pay for sb. 替某人付钱。  例:Don‘t worry! I'll pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的。  
(4)  pay sb. 付钱给某人。   例:  They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。 



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