小学一年级语文期末怎么复习
\u4e00\u5e74\u7ea7\u8bed\u6587\u600e\u6837\u590d\u4e60\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u751f\u8bcd\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6bcf\u6b21\u6d4b\u9a8c\u5b69\u5b50\u505a\u9519\u7684\u9898\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u590d\u4e60\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8003\u8bd5\u9898\u578b\u90fd\u4f1a\u548c\u6bcf\u6b21\u6d4b\u9a8c\u7684\u9898\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u8bfb\u61c2\u9898\u76ee\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u5199\u5b57\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u8981\u4e0d\u7136\u4f1a\u6263\u5206\u7684\u3002 \u628a\u751f\u5b57\u590d\u4e60\uff0c\u8981\u628a\u56ed\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u590d\u4e60\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a\u6bcf\u8bfe\u540e\u9762\u7684\u7ec3\u4e60\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u80fd\u6293\u4f4f\u91cd\u70b9\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u5e74\u7ea7\u671f\u672b\u590d\u4e60\u4e86\uff0c\u4e66\u672c\u4e0a\u7684\u5b57\u8bcd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u80cc\u5f97\u8bfe\u6587\u8981\u4f1a\u9ed8\uff0c\u5bb6\u957f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u6709\u91cd\u70b9\u8bcd\u8bed\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u9ed8\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u53bb\u9ed8\u5168\u6587\u3002\u51cf\u8f7b\u5b69\u5b50\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u662f\u5199\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e00\u5e74\u7ea7\u4e00\u822c\u5c31\u662f\u8003\u5b69\u5b50\u770b\u56fe\u5199\u8bdd\uff0c\u51992---3\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u80fd\u628a\u56fe\u610f\u5199\u6e05\u695a\u660e\u767d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u8981\u4f1a\u7528\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6807\u70b9\u3002\uff08\uff0c\u3002\uff01\uff1f\uff1a\u201c\u201d\uff09\u540c\u97f3\u5b57\u533a\u522b\uff1a\u5982\uff1a\u5728\u4e0e\u518d\uff0c\u505a\u3001\u4f5c\u4e0e\u5750\u3001\u5ea7\u3002\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u9009\u5b57\u586b\u5165\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4e66\u5199\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u6574\u6d01\u3001\u8ba4\u771f\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u7ed9\u60a8\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002 \u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u751f\u8bcd.\u6bcf\u6b21\u6d4b\u9a8c\u5b69\u5b50\u505a\u9519\u7684\u9898\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u590d\u4e60\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8003\u8bd5\u9898\u578b\u90fd\u4f1a\u548c\u6bcf\u6b21\u6d4b\u9a8c\u7684\u9898\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u8bfb\u61c2\u9898\u76ee\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u5199\u5b57\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u89c4\u8303
\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u5b66\u671f\u7684\u590d\u4e60\u5de5\u4f5c\u5373\u5c06\u6765\u5230\u3002\u671f\u672b\u590d\u4e60\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b66\u751f\u5f3a\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u79ef\u6781\u6709\u6548\u5730\u590d\u4e60\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u5de9\u56fa\u5b66\u751f\u5e73\u65f6\u6240\u5b66\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5bf9\u6559\u5e08\u5e73\u65e5\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u8865\u5145\u548c\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002\u671f\u672b\u590d\u4e60\u4e0d\u540c\u5e73\u65f6\u7684\u65b0\u6388\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u590d\u4e60\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u524d\u9762\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u65e7\u5730\u91cd\u6e38\u201d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5df2\u5b66\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u9762\u7684\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u6fc0\u53d1\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u53d1\u6325\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u518d\u6b21\u611f\u53d7\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u65c5\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001\u660e\u786e\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u7684\u8981\u6c42
\u8981\u641e\u597d\u590d\u4e60\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u660e\u786e\u672c\u518c\u6559\u6750\u7684\u590d\u4e60\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u6559\u6750\u4e0a\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u5230\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6709\u6570\uff0c\u590d\u4e60\u7684\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u5c31\u66f4\u5f3a\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c55\u793a\u5168\u518c\u6559\u6750\u7684\u590d\u4e60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u6559\u6750\u4e0a\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u9879\u76ee\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001\u628a\u63e1\u590d\u4e60\u91cd\u70b9
1\u3001\u80fd\u591f\u8ba4\u8bfb\u300a\u751f\u5b57\u8868\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u300b\u4e2d\u7684400\u4e2a\u6c49\u5b57\u3002\u505a\u5230\u6eda\u74dc\u70c2\u719f\u3002\u4f1a\u5199\u300a\u751f\u5b57\u8868\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u300b\u4e2d\u7684100\u4e2a\u6c49\u5b57\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u540c\u7ed3\u6784\u6c49\u5b57\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u80fd\u8fa8\u6790\u672c\u518c\u8981\u6c42\u638c\u63e1\u751f\u5b57\u4e2d\u7684\u97f3\u8fd1\u5b57\u3001\u5f62\u8fd1\u5b57\u3001\u540c\u504f\u65c1\u5b57\u3001\u540c\u97f3\u5b57\u3001\u591a\u97f3\u5b57\u7684\u8bfb\u97f3\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u628a\u63e1\u5f62\u58f0\u5b57\u7684\u6784\u5b57\u7279\u70b9\u3002
2\u3001\u80fd\u7528\u90e8\u5206\u5e38\u7528\u751f\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u53e3\u5934\u6216\u4e66\u9762\u7ec4\u8bcd\u3002\u80fd\u8bf4\u53cd\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u8fd1\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u3002
3\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u642d\u914d\u8bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b66\u751f\u4e30\u5bcc\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b66\u751f\u7528\u8bcd\u51c6\u786e\u3002
4\u3001\u80fd\u628a\u53e5\u5b50\u8865\u5145\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5b8c\u6574\u53e5\u6240\u5177\u5907\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u3002
5\u3001\u719f\u6089\u8bfe\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5927\u610f\u3002\u8981\u6c42\u80cc\u8bf5\u7684\u8bfe\u6587\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u80fd\u80cc\u3002
6\u3001\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u9605\u8bfb\u8bfe\u5916\u7684\u77ed\u6587\uff0c\u8bfb\u901a\u8bfb\u61c2\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u501f\u52a9\u77ed\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u62d3\u5c55\u60f3\u8c61\u3002
\u4e09\u3001\u5236\u5b9a\u590d\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212
\u671f\u672b\u603b\u590d\u4e60\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u8f83\u7d27\uff0c\u800c\u590d\u4e60\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53c8\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u600e\u6837\u5728\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7a81\u51fa\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u590d\u4e60\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u8ba4\u771f\u5730\u5236\u5b9a\u590d\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u7167\u8ba1\u5212\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u80fd\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u590d\u4e60\u6761\u7406\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5236\u8ba2\u590d\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212\uff1f
\u2605\u4e00\u8981\u5c06\u590d\u4e60\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u5355\u5143\u6216\u5206\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\uff08\u53ef\u5236\u5b9a\u590d\u4e60\u8fdb\u5ea6\u5b89\u6392\u8868\uff09\u3002
\u2605\u4e8c\u8981\u5c06\u6bcf\u9879\u5185\u5bb9\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u597d\u590d\u4e60\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u70b9\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u5b66\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u591a\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u8981\u591a\u8d39\u65f6\uff0c\u591a\u8d39\u529b\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u5e73\u5747\u4f7f\u7528\u529b\u91cf\u30021\u3001\u5904\u7406\u597d\u6253\u597d\u57fa\u7840\u4e0e\u5de9\u56fa\u63d0\u9ad8\u7684\u5173\u7cfb
\u3000\u3000\u4fd7\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e07\u4e08\u9ad8\u697c\u5e73\u5730\u8d77\u3002\u201d\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u7b51\u6210\u7a33\u56fa\u96c4\u4f1f\u7684\u5927\u53a6\u3002\u8bed\u6587\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5c0f\u5b66\u8bed\u6587\u66f4\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8bed\u6587\u590d\u4e60\u5fc5\u987b\u6ce8\u91cd\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u57fa\u672c\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u62c9\u7f51\u5f0f\u7684\u65e2\u987e\u53ca\u5168\u9762\u53c8\u7a81\u51fa\u91cd\u70b9\u7684\u62fc\u97f3\u3001\u5b57\u3001\u8bcd\u3001\u53e5\u3001\u6bb5\u3001\u7bc7\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u590d\u4e60\uff0c\u5e76\u51ed\u501f\u62fc\u97f3\u3001\u5b57\u3001\u8bcd\u3001\u53e5\u3001\u6bb5\u3001\u7bc7\u8fdb\u884c\u542c\u3001\u8bf4\u3001\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002
\u3000\u30002\u3001\u5904\u7406\u597d\u81ea\u4e3b\u590d\u4e60\u4e0e\u8001\u5e08\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u5173\u7cfb
\u3000\u3000\u6559\u5e08\u8981\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u53d1\u6325\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027\u548c\u521b\u9020\u6027\uff0c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u7ed9\u4e88\u81ea\u4e3b\u590d\u4e60\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u575a\u51b3\u6448\u5f03\u8d8a\u4fce\u4ee3\u5e96\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u8ba9\u77e5\u8bc6\u6210\u4e3a\u5b66\u751f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u601d\u8003\u7ed3\u679c\u3002
\u3000\u30003\u3001\u5904\u7406\u597d\u8bfe\u5185\u4e0e\u8bfe\u5916\u7684\u5173\u7cfb
\u3000\u3000\u8bed\u6587\u7684\u5916\u5ef6\u7b49\u4e8e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5916\u5ef6\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u65f6\u65f6\u3001\u5904\u5904\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u8bed\u6587\uff0c\u7528\u8bed\u6587\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u5b66\u8bed\u6587\u7684\u590d\u4e60\u9636\u6bb5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u590d\u4e60\u5185\u5bb9\u5c40\u9650\u5728\u4e66\u672c\u91cc\u3001\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u628a\u8bfe\u672c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5b9e\u9645\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u62d3\u5bbd\u77e5\u8bc6\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\u3002
\u4f60\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u89e3\u7b54\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u8bf7\u91c7\u7eb3...
2、对学生易错易忘的字词进行比较,增强学生的记忆力。
3、根据学生掌握知识的情况,布置自主性作业,满足不同学生的复习需要。复习内容要有阶段性,体现循序渐进的认知规律。
绛旓細鍐嶈涓涓傚悎浜庝换浣曞勾绾т换浣曠鐩殑澶嶄範鏂规硶锛屽氨鏄埄鐢ㄩ敊棰樻湰澶嶄範銆傚钩鏃惰鐫d績瀛╁瓙鎶婂仛閿欑殑棰樼洰鍙婃椂璁板綍鍒伴敊棰樻湰涓婏紝鐒跺悗鍒板涔犵殑鏃跺欙紝灏遍噸鐐规帓鏌ラ敊棰樻湰涓婄殑閿欒锛屾湁蹇呰鐨勮瘽锛屽闀垮彲浠ュ府鍔╁瀛愭妸閿欓鍐嶅仛涓閬嶏紝鍔犳繁璁板繂銆傚叿浣撳埌灏忓涓骞寸骇璇枃锛岄櫎浜嗛敊棰樻湰锛屾垜瑙夊緱鍙互浠庝笅闈㈠嚑涓噸鐐瑰幓鍑嗗锛1銆佽鏈 ...
绛旓細鏈熸湯鏄釜鐗瑰埆鏁忔劅鐨勬椂鏈熴傚挨鍏舵槸鍒氬垰璇讳竴骞寸骇鐨灏忓鐢锛屽湪瀛︿範涔嬭矾涓婏紝鍒氬垰璧锋锛岀壒鍒渶瑕佽佸笀鍜屽闀跨殑甯姪銆傚浜涓骞寸骇璇枃鐨鏈熸湯澶嶄範锛屽彧瑕佹姄浣忚繖涓変釜鏂规硶锛屼竴瀹氫細浜嬪崐鍔熷嶃傛柟娉曚竴锛岀煡璇嗗垎妯″潡銆傚瀛愭瘡澶╅兘涓婅鏂囪锛屾瘡澶╁洖瀹堕兘鍐欒鏂囦綔涓氾紝浣嗘槸鎵瀛︿範鐨勭煡璇嗘瘮杈冪粏纰庯紝灏辩壒鍒渶瑕佸湪鏈熸湯澶嶄範鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鎶婃墍...
绛旓細鍦璇枃澶嶄範璇句笂锛屽涔犲唴瀹归毦鏄撶▼搴︿笉鍚岋紝瀛︾敓瀛︿範姘村钩鍙傚樊涓嶉綈銆傝繖鏃舵垜浠簲璇ラ噰鍙栦竴浜涘皬绛栫暐锛岃浼樼瓑鐢熶笌娼滆兘鐢熸惌閰嶏紝浠ヤ紭淇冨樊銆傚悓鏃讹紝鏇磋娉ㄦ剰瀛︾敓鐨勪俊鎭弽棣堬紝浠ヤ究鍙婃椂鐭鎴栨煡婕忚ˉ缂猴紱杩樿璁╀紭绛夌敓鑳戒繚鎸佺Н鏋佺殑蹇冪悊鐘舵併傜壒鍒槸鍦ㄨ緟瀵兼綔鑳界敓鏃朵笉浠呬笉鑳芥瑙嗕粬浠紝鑰岃鍔犲嶅叧蹇冧粬浠紝鍏虫敞浠栦滑姣忎竴鐐硅繘姝...
绛旓細澶嶄範鐨勯噸鐐瑰簲璇ュ湪鍩虹鍜屼功鍐欙紝璇炬湰瑕佹眰鑳岃鐨勭瘒鐩噸鐐规帉鎻
绛旓細灏忓涓骞寸骇鐨璇枃姣旇緝鍩虹锛屾墍浠鏈熸湯澶嶄範杩樻槸瑕佷互璇惧唴鐨勫瓧闊冲瓧璇嶄负涓伙紝灏嗚鏂囩殑鏂囩珷鍏ㄩ儴澶嶄範涓閬嶏紝鐗瑰埆鏄渶瑕佽儗璇电殑绡囩洰瑕佽繃鍏炽
绛旓細涓骞寸骇璇枃鑰佸笀鎬庢牱缁欏鐢澶嶄範銆備竴骞寸骇鐨勮鏂囩煡璇嗕富瑕佹槸鎷奸煶鍙婄畝鍗曠殑瀛楄瘝锛屽啀鏈夌収鏍峰瓙濉竴濉啓涓鍐欏拰鐪嬪浘鍐欒瘽銆傚浜庢嫾闊冲強瀛楄瘝锛屼富瑕佸氨鏄氳繃璇诲啓鍔犳繁璁板繂銆傜収鏍峰瓙濉竴濉啓涓鍐欏拰鐪嬪浘鍐欒瘽锛岀敱浜庨兘鏄瘮杈冪畝鍗曠殑锛岃瀛︾敓浠旂粏瑙傚療锛屾壘鍑鸿寰嬫垨鍥句腑閮芥湁鍝簺浜嬬墿銆傜収鏍峰瓙鎸夎寰嬪~鍐欏氨琛岋紝鐪嬪浘鍐欒瘽鏈夊啓瀹屾暣...
绛旓細杩欎釜闂鍒氬ソ闂浜嗕汉锛屾垜瀹舵簮浠婂勾鍒氬ソ涓骞寸骇锛6鏈29鏃ュ氨寮濮嬫湡鏈冭瘯浜嗐傛鏄鏈熸湯澶嶄範璇枃鐨勬椂鍊欍傝佸笀鍙戜簡鍗佸叚寮犲涔犲嵎瀛愶紝瑕嗙洊鍒涓骞寸骇璇枃涓嬪鏈熺殑姣忎竴涓崟鍏冦備富瑕佸寘鎷細绗竴锛屽熀纭瀛楄瘝鐨勫涔犮傜涓涓崟鍏冪殑鐢熷瓧鐨勫涔犻兘鐓э紝闊冲簭銆侀煶鑺傘侀儴棣栥佺粨鏋勶紝涓鍏辨湁鍑犵敾锛屽彲浠鎬庝箞缁勮瘝銆傛潵杩涜鍦版寮忕殑璁粌...
绛旓細鈥滃績鍒扳濄傚湪璇惧爞涓婂簲鑱氱簿浼氱锛屼竴鍒讳篃涓嶈兘鎳堟狅紝澶ц剳瑕佸缁堝浜庣Н鏋佺姸鎬侊紝鎬濈淮瑕佹椿璺冦佹濊矾瑕佸紑闃旓紝蹇冮殢鑰佸笀璧帮紝鍚噦姣忎竴鍙ヨ瘽锛屾姄浣忔瘡涓涓幆鑺傦紝鐞嗚В姣忎竴涓煡璇嗙偣锛屽鑱旀兂銆佸鎬濊冿紝鍋氬埌蹇冮绁炰細銆傗滄墜鍒扳濄備竴瀹氳鍋氳鍫傜瑪璁般傚洜涓轰汉鐨勮蹇嗗姏鏄湁闄愮殑锛屼汉涓嶅彲鑳介兘杩囩洰涓嶅繕锛岃蹇嗘湰韬氨鏄笉鏂笌...
绛旓細涓変竴鏂囧簱锛坵ww.31doc.com锛/灏忓涓骞寸骇銆斿皬瀛︿竴骞寸骇涓婂唽璇枃鏈熸湯澶嶄範璁″垝鍙婂唴瀹广愰儴缂栨湰銆戙曚竴銆佸垎鍗曞厓澶嶄範锛1锛庡叏涔﹀叡鍒嗕负鍏潡鍐呭锛屽叾涓眽璇嫾闊虫湁涓ゅ潡鍐呭锛1璇惧埌澶嶄範浜屻9璇惧埌澶嶄範鍥涳級锛涜瘑瀛椾笌璇炬枃鍏辨湁鍏潡鍐呭锛屼互璇枃鍥湴涓烘爣鍑嗭紝鍏卞叚涓洯鍦般2锛1鏈18鏃ユ湡鏈冭瘯锛屽洜姝ゆ寜鐓у涔犺繘搴︼紝澶ц嚦...