英语单词变换词性的怎么换? (比如 名词变动词) 英语中一些单词的词性是怎么变的？比如说名词变为动词等·有什么...

\u82f1\u8bed\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u6027\u8f6c\u6362

\u4e00\u3001\u540d\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5
1.\u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u52a0-y\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u6210\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd(\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u5929\u6c14\u6709\u5173\u7684\u540d\u8bcd)\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1arain\u2014rainy, cloud\u2014cloudy, wind\u2014windy, snow\u2014snowy, health\u2014healthy, luck\u2014lucky\u7b49\u3002
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a1)\u5982\u679c\u540d\u8bcd\u4ee5\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u4e14\u8bcd\u5c3e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5e94\u53cc\u5199\u8bcd\u5c3e\u7684\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u518d\u52a0-y\u3002\u5982\uff1asun\u2014sunny, fun\u2014funny\u7b49\u3002
2)\u5c11\u6570\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d1\u97f3\u7684e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u53bb\u6389e\u518d\u52a0-y\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1anoise\u2014noisy, ice\u2014icy \u7b49\u3002
2. \u4e00\u4e9b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8bcd\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ful\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1acare\u2014careful, thank\u2014thankful, help\u2014helpful, use\u2014useful, beauty\u2014beautiful\u7b49\u3002
3. \u4e00\u4e9b\u8868\u793a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ese, -ish\u6216-n\u6784\u6210\u8868\u793a\u56fd\u7c4d\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aChina\u2014Chinese, Japan\u2014Japanese, England\u2014English, America\u2014American, India\u2014Indian, Australia \u2014Australian(\u6ce8\u610fCanada\u2014Canadian)\u3002
4.\u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0-ous\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1adanger\u2014dangerous\u7b49\u3002
5. \u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0-ly\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1afriend\u2014friendly, love\u2014lovely\u7b49\u3002
6.\u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0-less\u6784\u6210\u542b\u6709\u5426\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1acare\u2014careless(\u7c97\u5fc3\u7684)\uff0cuse\u2014useless(\u65e0\u7528\u7684)\uff0chope\u2014hopeless(\u6ca1\u5e0c\u671b\u7684)\uff0chome\u2014homeless(\u65e0\u5bb6\u53ef\u5f52\u7684)\u7b49\u3002
7. \u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee5-ence\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u628aence\u6539\u4e3aent\u53d8\u6210\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1adifference\u2014different, silence\u2014silent\u7b49\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5
\u8bcd\u5f62\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u8bcd\u6027\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1awork, study, water, plant\u7b49\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u540d\u8bcd\u3002
2. \u4e00\u4e9b\u52a8\u8bcd\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0\u4e0a-er\u6216-or\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u8868\u793a\u201c\u67d0\u4e00\u7c7b\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1awork\u2014worker, teach\u2014teacher, sing\u2014singer, jump\u2014jumper, play\u2014player, learn\u2014learner, visit\u2014visitor, invent\u2014inventor\u7b49\u3002
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a1)\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d1\u97f3\u7684e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-r\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1adrive\u2014driver, write\u2014writer\u7b49\u3002
2)\u4ee5\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u4e14\u672b\u5c3e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5e94\u53cc\u5199\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u518d\u52a0-er\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1arun\u2014runner, win\u2014winner\uff0c begin\u2014beginner\u7b49\u3002
\u4e09\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u526f\u8bcd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5
\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u5c3e\u52a0-ly\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u6210\u526f\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aquick\u2014quickly, slow\u2014slowly, loud\u2014loudly, sudden\u2014suddenly \u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a
\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee5\u201c\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd+y\u201d\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u8981\u628ay\u6539\u4e3ai\u518d\u52a0-ly\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1ahappy\u2014happily, angry\u2014angrily, lucky\u2014luckily, heavy\u2014heavily, noisy\u2014noisily \u7b49\u3002
2. \u6709\u4e9b\u4ee5-ble\u6216-le\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u53bb\u6389e\u52a0-y\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1apossible\u2014possibly, terrible\u2014terribly\u7b49\u3002

\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\uff1a
\u5e38\u7528\u8bcd\u6027\u53d8\u6362\uff1a
1.ability (n. )\u80fd\u529b\uff1b\u624d\u80fd---able (a.)---unable (a..) \u2014disability (n. ) \u2014disabled (a.)
be able to do\u2026= be capable of doing
2.absence (n. ) \u7f3a\u5e2d\uff1b\u4e0d\u5728 --- absent (a.) ---present (a..) \u2013 presence (n.)
be absent from; be present at
3.absolute (a.) \u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\uff1b\u5b8c\u5168\u7684---absolutely (adv.)
4.abundant (a.) \u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\uff1b\u5145\u88d5\u7684 ---abundance (n.) be abundant in
5.academic (a.) \u5b66\u9662\u7684\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u7684 (n.) \u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5e08 --- academy (n.) \u5b66\u9662
6.accept (v.) \u63a5\u53d7---acceptable (a.)\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684 - \u2013refuse (opp.) \u62d2\u7edd
7.access (n.) \u901a\u8def\uff0c\u5165\u95e8\uff1b\uff08v.\uff09\u63a5\u8fd1\uff1b\u5b58\u53d6 ---accessible (a.)
have access to\uff08to\u4e3a\u4ecb\u8bcd\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u89e6
8.accurate (a.) \u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u7cbe\u786e\u7684 --- accuracy (n.) \u2013accurately (adv.)-- (opp.)inaccurate \u4e0d\u51c6\u786e
9.achieve (v.) \u53d6\u5f97\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230 --- achievement (n.)
10.acquire (v.) \u83b7\u5f97\uff0c\u5b66\u5230 --- acquisition (n.)
11.act (n. ) \u6cd5\u4ee4\uff0c\u6761\u4f8b\uff1b\uff08v.\uff09\u8868\u6f14\uff1b\u884c\u52a8---action (n.) \u2013active (a.) \u4e3b\u52a8\u7684 \u2014inactive (a.) \u2014actively (adv.) \u2014activity (n. ) \u6d3b\u52a8 --passive (a.) \u88ab\u52a8\u7684 ---actor (n.) \u2013actress (n.)
12.actual (a.) \u5b9e\u9645\u7684\uff1b\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u2013actually (adv.) = as a matter of fact
13.adapt (v.) \u4f7f\u9002\u5e94\uff1b\u6539\u7f16 ---adaptation (n.) \u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u987a\u5e94\uff1b\u6539\u7f16\uff0c\u6539\u7f16\u672c
---adaptable (a.) \u6709\u9002\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u7684adapt oneself to \u9002\u5e94\u4e8e; adapt\u2026(for sth.) from sth. \u6539\u7f16
14.add (v.) \u6dfb\u52a0\uff0c\u589e\u52a0;\u8865\u5145\u8bf4- --addition (n.) ---additional (a.) \u2013additionally (adv.)
add\u2026to \u5c06\u2026(\u6dfb)\u52a0\u5230\u2026 add to \u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a add up\u52a0\u8d77\u6765 add up to\u5171\u8ba1\u8fbe
in addition (to) \u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916
15.addict (n.) \u6210\u763e\u7684\u4eba ---addicted (a.) \u2013addition (n.) ---addictive (a.) \u4f7f\u6210\u763e\u7684\uff1b\u4e0a\u763e\u7684\uff1b\u6613\u4ee4\u4eba\u6c89\u6eba\u7684 be addicted to \uff08to\u4e3a\u4ecb\u8bcd\uff09\u5bf9\u2026\u4e0a\u763e
16.adjust (v.) \u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4f7f\u9002\u5e94 ---adjustment (n.) --- adjustable (a.)
17.admire (v.) \u94a6\u4f69\uff0c\u7fa1\u6155 ---admiration (n.) --- admirable (a.)
18.admit (v.) \u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u51c6\u8bb8 ( admitted, admitted) --- admission (n.)
19.adopt (v.) \u6536\u517b\uff0c\u91c7\u7528 ---adoption (n.) --- adopted (a.)
20.advance (v.) \u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\uff1b\u524d\u8fdb \uff08n.\uff09\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u2014advanced (a.) \u5148\u8fdb\u7684;\u9ad8\u7b49\u7684
21.advantage (n.) \u6709\u70b9\uff1b\u597d\u5904 ---disadvantage (n.)
take advantage of\u5229\u7528\uff1b\u6b3a\u9a97\uff0c\u5360\u2026\u7684\u4fbf\u5b9c
22.adventure (n.) \u5192\u9669\uff0c\u5947\u9047 --- adventurous (a.)
23.advertise (v.) \u4e3a\u2026\u505a\u5e7f\u544a---advertisement (n.)
24.advise (v.) \u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u529d\u544a----adviser (n.) \u987e\u95ee\uff0c\u5fe0\u544a\u8005 --- advice (n.) a piece of advice
25.affect (v.) \u5f71\u54cd --- affection (n.) \u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u611f\u60c5 = have an effect on
26.Africa (n.) \u975e\u6d32 --- African (a.) (n.)
27.age (n.) \u5e74\u7eaa --- aged (a.)\u8001\u5e74\u7684 \u2014elderly (a.)
28.agree (v.) \u540c\u610f--- agreement (n.) --- disagree (opp)\u2014disagreement (n.)
29.agriculture (n.) \u519c\u4e1a \u2013 agricultural (a.)
30.allow (v.) \u51c6\u8bb8\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8---allowance (n.) \u5141\u8bb8\uff1b\u7d27\u8d34\uff0c\u8865\u52a9
31.amaze (v.) \u60ca\u5947\uff0c \u9707\u60ca --- amazement (n.) ---amazed (a.) \u2013amazed (a.)
to one\u2019s amazement
32.ambition (n.) \u62b1\u8d1f\uff0c\u96c4\u5fc3---ambitious (a.)
33.amuse (v.) \u4f7f\u2026\u5feb\u4e50 --- amusement (n.) \u2013 amused (a.) --- amusing (a.)
to one\u2019s amusement
34.analyze (v.) \u5206\u6790 --- analysis (n.)
35.anger (n.) \u6124\u6012 --- angry (a.)
36.announce (v.) \u5ba3\u5e03, \u5ba3\u544a --- announcement (n.) --- announcer (n.)
37.annoy (v.) \u4f7f\u70e6\u607c \u2013 annoyed (a.) --- annoying (a.) --- annoyance (n.)
to one\u2019s annoyance
38.annual (a. ) \u4e00\u5e74\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u7684 \uff08n.\uff09 \u5e74\u520a --- annually (a.)
39.anxious (a.) \u5fe7\u8651\u7684\uff0c\u7126\u6025\u7684 --- anxiety (n.)
40.apologize (v.) \u9053\u6b49 --- apology (n.)
apologize to sb. for sth.; make an apology to sb. for sth.\u56e0\u2026\u4e8b\u5411\u67d0\u4eba\u9053\u6b49
41.appear (v.) \u51fa\u73b0 ---appearance (n.)\u5916\u8c8c\uff0c\u5916\u89c2\uff1b\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u9732\u9762
42.apply (v.) \u7533\u8bf7 , \u5e94\u7528--- application (n.) \u7533\u8bf7\u8868 --- applicant (n.) \u7533\u8bf7\u4eba
--- applied (a.) \u5e94\u7528\u7684
43.appoint (v.) \u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u4efb\u547d \u2013 appointment (n.) -----make an appointment \u7ea6\u4f1a
44.appreciate (v.) \u6b23\u8d4f\uff0c\u611f\u6fc0 --- appreciation (n.)
45.approve (v.) \u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u540c\u610f --- approval (n.) approve of\u2026\u8d5e\u6210
(opp.) disapprove (v.) \u4e0d\u8d5e\u6210 disapprove of\u2026
46.argue (v.) \u4e89\u8fa9\uff0c\u8fa9\u8bba\u2014argument (n.)
47.arrange (v.) \u5b89\u6392 --- arrangement (n.)
48.arrive (v.) \u5230\u8fbe \u2013 arrival (n.)
49.Asia (n.) \u4e9a\u6d32 ---Asian (a.) (n.)
50.assess (v.) \u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u4f30\u4ef7 --- assessment (n.)
51.assist (v.) \u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u534f\u52a9--- assistance (n.) \u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u63f4\u52a9 ---assistant (n.) \u52a9\u624b\uff0c\u52a9\u7406
52.associate (v.) \u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ea4\u5f80--- association (n.) --- associated (a.)
53.assume (v.) \u5047\u5b9a\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6 --- assumption (n.)
54.astonish (v.) \u4f7f\u60ca\u8bb6 --- astonished (a.) --- astonishing (a.) \u2013 astonishment (n.)
55.astronaut (n.) \u5b87\u822a\u5458 --- astronomy (n.) \u5929\u6587\u5b66 --- astronomer (\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6)
56.athlete (n.) \u8fd0\u52a8\u5458 --- athletic (a.) \u8fd0\u52a8\u5458\u7684\uff1b\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\uff1b\u4f53\u683c\u5065\u58ee\u7684\uff1b\u884c\u52a8\u654f\u6377\u7684
57.attend \uff08v.\uff09\u53c2\u52a0\uff0c\u7167\u6599 -- attendance (n.)\u51fa\u5e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0 - -attender (n.) \u51fa\u5e2d\u8005\uff1b\u53c2\u52a0\u8005
58.attention (n) \u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e13\u5fc3--- attentive (a) \u2013attentively (ad v.)
59.attract (v.) \u5438\u5f15 \u2013 attraction (n.) --- attractive (a.)
60.aware (a.) \u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u660e\u767d\u7684 --- awareness (n.) be aware of
61.bacterium (n.) \u7ec6\u83cc ---(pl. ) bacteria
62.bad (a.) \u574f\u7684 --- badly (adv. ) (worse, worst) --- good (a.) \u2013 well (a.) (adv.) (better, best)
63.base (n.) \u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5730 (v.) \u4ee5\u2026\u4e3a\u57fa\u5730 -- basic (a.) --- basically \u5927\u4f53\u4e0a
64.basis (n.) \u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8981\u7d20 --- (pl.) bases
65.bath (n.) \u6d17\u6fa1\uff0c\u6d74\u5ba4\u2014bathe (v.) \u2013 bathroom (n.) --- bathtub (n.) \u6fa1\u76c6
66.bear (v.) \u5fcd\u53d7 (bore, borne)--- bearable (a.) \u53ef\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684 --- unbearable (opp.) \u4e0d\u53ef\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684
67.beat (v.) \u6572\u6253\uff0c\u8df3\u52a8\uff0c\u6253\u8d62 (beat, beaten)
68.beautiful (a.) \u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684--- beauty (n. ) --- beautify (v.)
69.behave (v.) \u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b88\u89c4\u77e9 --- behavior (n.)
70.belief (n) \u4fe1\u6761\uff0c\u4fe1\u5ff5 ---\uff08pl.\uff09 beliefs-- believe (v.) --- believable (a.) ---(opp.) unbelievable
71.begin (v.) \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7740\u624b (began, begun)--- beginning (n.)

\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982sun-sunny;rain-rainy;fog-foggy,\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u52a0y(\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u5199\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u518d\u52a0y\uff09\uff0e\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u53bb\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e66\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u6709\u603b\u7ed3\u5404\u4e2d\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\uff0e

一、名词变为形容词的方法
1. 在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)。例如：rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy, health—healthy, luck—lucky等。
注意：1)如果名词以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母，这时应双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如：sun—sunny, fun—funny等。
2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时，应去掉e再加-y。例如：noise—noisy, ice—icy 等。
2. 一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词。例如：care—careful, thank—thankful, help—helpful, use—useful, beauty—beautiful等。
3. 一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍、语言的形容词。例如：China—Chinese, Japan—Japanese, England—English, America—American, India—Indian, Australia —Australian(注意Canada—Canadian)。
4.在名词后加-ous变为形容词。例如：danger—dangerous等。
5. 在名词后加-ly变为形容词。例如：friend—friendly, love—lovely等。
6.在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词。例如：care—careless(粗心的)，use—useless(无用的)，hope—hopeless(没希望的)，home—homeless(无家可归的)等。
7. 一些以-ence结尾的名词，把ence改为ent变成形容词。例如：difference—different, silence—silent等。

二、动词变为名词的方法
1.词形不变，词性改变。例如：work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词，也可以用作名词。
2. 一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示“某一类人”的名词。例如：work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor等。
注意：1)以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加-r。例如：drive—driver, write—writer等。
2)以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er。例如：run—runner, win—winner， begin—beginner等。
3. 在动词词尾加-ing变成名词(方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)。例如： meet—meeting, build—building, wait—waiting, wash—washing, swim—swimming, shop—shopping, begin—beginning等。

三、形容词变为副词的方法
一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词。例如：quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly 等。但是，以下几点值得注意：
1. 一些以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，要把y改为i再加-ly。例如：happy—happily, angry—angrily, lucky—luckily, heavy—heavily, noisy—noisily 等。
2. 有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词，去掉e加-y。例如：possible—possibly, terrible—terribly等。
3. 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。例如：true—truly等。但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如：polite—politely, wide—widely等。
4. 以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在词尾加-ly，而不是只加-y。除非是以-ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y。例如：usual—usually, careful—carefully, useful—usefully, full—fully等。

不同的单词有不同的变法其实就是改变前缀或者后缀而前缀和后缀有很多去掉后就可以将名变动,如comfortable-comfort

名变动加ing变形容的加tive。。。。

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