国外有哪些著名的幼儿教育家 世界著名的幼儿教育思想家有哪些他们的主要理论成就
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2.意大利女性教育家蒙台梭利，代表作有《蒙台梭利教育方法》、《童年的秘密》、《有吸收力的心智》等。1907年，蒙台梭利在罗马贫民区开办了一所招收3～7岁贫民儿童的幼儿学校，命名为“儿童之家”;她创立了蒙氏教法，其中的四要素分别是儿童、教师、环境和教具，课程内容有感觉教育、语言教育、纪律教育、数学入门教育、日常生活教育;她提出了儿童心理发展观的有关内容，即心理胚胎期、心理具有吸收力、敏感期等;感觉教育 (感觉训练)是蒙台梭利教育的主要内容，也是最具特色的部分，触觉训练是蒙台梭利的感觉训练中最主要的方面，它遵循循序渐进原则和自我教育的原则。在蒙台梭利看来，教师主要扮演着环境的提供者、示范者、观察者、支持者和资源者等角色。
3.美国现代著名教育家杜威是20世纪上半期儿童中心主义的重要代表人物，在儿童教育方面也提出了自己的独特看法：他提出 “教育即生长” “教育即生活”“教育即经验的不断改造”等观点;任务课程和教材建立在儿童现在的生活经验基础上，儿童本身的活动就是课程，也是教材。
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