by now用什么时态 by+时间 出现用什么时态？是什么意思？
\u82f1\u8bed\uff1aby now\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u6001by now you have answered
twenty questions
\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6
1\u3001\u201cby\uff0b\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u4e0e\u52a8\u4f5c\u6027\u5f3a\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u8fde\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u53e5\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\u3002by\u540e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u6307\u73b0\u5728\u3001\u8fc7\u53bb\u6216\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u3002
\u5982\uff1aby
the
time
he
was
fourteen
year
sold\uff0che
had
learned
maths
all
by
himself.
i
shall
have
finished
it
by
the
time
you
come
back.
by
the
end
of
the
match,
they
had
kicked
two
goals
and
we
had
kicked
four.
they
must
have
finished
their
work
by
this
time.
\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\u5f53\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u53e5\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u53e5\u52a8\u8bcd\u53ef\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u5982\uff1aif
you're
not
better
by
then,
i'll
take
you
to
see
the
doctor.\u5982\u679c\u5230\u90a3\u65f6\u8fd8\u4e0d\u597d\u4e9b\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u5e26\u4f60\u53bb\u770b\u75c5\u3002
can
you
finish
this
by
tomorrow?
\u5728\u660e\u5929\u4ee5\u524d\u4f60\u80fd\u505a\u5b8c\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5417\uff1f
\u95f4\u6216\u6709\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u5982\uff1aby
the
end
of
the
first
week
the
head
of
the
department
was
saying
very
nice
things
about
me.
\u7b2c\u4e00\u5468\u672b\u65f6\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u7ed9\u6211\u591a\u591a\u7f8e\u8a00\u4e86\u51e0\u53e5\u3002
2\u3001\u201cby+\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u4e0e\u8868\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u8fde\u7528\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\u3002by\u540e\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u3001\u8fc7\u53bb\u6216\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u3002\u5982\uff1aby
the
end
of
the
century
the
population
numbered
about
four
million.
\u5230\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u4eba\u53e3\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u5230\u56db\u767e\u4e07\u5de6\u53f3\u3002you
can
borrow
my
camera,
but
i
must
have
it
back
by
five
o'clock.\u6211\u7684\u7167\u50cf\u673a\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u53bb\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e94\u70b9\u4ee5\u524d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u8fd8\u6211\u3002
by
the
time
that
the
security
guards
had
realized
what
was
happening,
the
gang
were
already
inside
the
bank.
\u7b49\u5230\u4fdd\u536b\u4eba\u5458\u660e\u767d\u8fc7\u6765\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u65f6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u4f19\u5f3a\u76d7\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdb\u4e86\u94f6\u884c\u3002
he
ought
to
be
here
by
this
time
/by
now.\u4ed6\u6b64\u523b\uff08\u73b0\u5728\uff09\u5e94\u8be5\u5df2\u7ecf\u6765\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e86\u3002
\u5982\u5f3a\u8c03\u67d0\u72b6\u6001\u5728\u67d0\u65f6\u95f4\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u7528\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\uff1aby
next
sunday
you
will
have
stayed
with
us
for
three
months.\u81f3\u4e0b\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u805a\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u4e86\u3002
3\u3001\u201cby\uff0b\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u4e0e\u7948\u4f7f\u53e5\u8fde\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\uff1aplease
finish
the
task
by
the
end
of
the
month.\u8bf7\u5728\u6708\u5e95\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u3002be
here
by
this
time
tomorrow.\u660e\u5929\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u8981\u5230\u8fd9\u513f\u3002
4\u3001\u5982\u5f3a\u8c03\u67d0\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u52a8\u4f5c\u5728\u67d0\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u6b62\u8fd8\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u7528\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\uff1aby
the
time
you
graduate,i
shall
have
been
working
here
for
five
years.
\u5230\u4e86\u4f60\u6bd5\u4e1a\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u5728\u6b64\u5730\u4e00\u76f4\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e94\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45
by now是现在完成时的标志，另外还有so far，till/until now,up to now。都使用现在完成时。By now you will have guessed that I'm back in Ireland.你现在应该已经猜出我回到了爱尔兰了。
by now到目前为止；到如今；到现在为止；直到如今，语气平淡，只是单纯的叙述这件事，可用于多种时态。
例如：He would have been there by now if had not missed the train.
如果不是误了火车的话，他现在应该已经到那里了。
扩展阅读：by the end of用什么时态 ... as soon as用什么时态 ... up to now什么时态 ... 现在完成时by now ... by now通常与什么连用 ... by the time用什么时态 ... by tomorrow用什么时态 ... right now用什么时态动词 ... 一般现在时now的用法 ...
