英语并列连词与并列结构
英语并列连词与并列结构
在英语语法中，并列连词是用来连接属于同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子。下面我为大家带来英语并列连词与并列结构，希望大家！
一、并列连词的分类与用法
1、表转折的并列连词
主要有 but(但是), yet(可是), while(而，却)等。如：
I would have written before but I have been ill. 我本该早写信的，但我生病了。
I have failed, yet I shall try again. 我失败了，但我还要尝试。
You like tennis, while I'd rather read. 你爱打网球，但我爱看书。
2、表选择的并列连词
主要 or (或者，还是，否则), either…or…(不是…就是…), neither…or…(既不…也不…), otherwise (要不然)等。如：
Be careful about what you say or you may regret it. 当心你讲的话，否则你会后悔的。
Either say you're sorry or else get out! 你要么道歉，要么滚开!
Neither does he smoke nor does he drink. 他既不抽烟也不喝酒。
Seize the chance, otherwise you will regret it. 要抓住机会，否则你会后悔的。
注：neither…nor…连接两个句子，注意用倒装语序。
3、表联合的并列连词
主要有 and, not only…but also…(不但…而且…), when(=and just at this time 就在这时)等。如：
Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 他会得寸进尺。
Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。
He was about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 他正要上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了起来。
4、表因果的并列连词
主要有 for(因为), so(因此)等。如：
He shook his head, for he thought differently. 他摇了摇头，因为他有不同想法。
He told me to do it, so I did it. 他让我这样做，于是我就这样做了。
并列连词引导两个并列的句子。
二、并列连词与并列结构
1)and 与or
判断改错：
(错) They sat down and talk about something.
(错) They started to dance and sang.
(错) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(对) They sat down and talked about something.
(对) They started to dance and sing.
(对)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
解析：
第一句： and 连接两个并列的谓语，所以 talk 应改为 talked。
第二句：and 连接两个并列的动词不定式，第二个不定式往往省略to，因此sang 应改为 sing。
第三句：and 连接感观动词saw 后面的用作的'宾补的两个并列分词结构，因此whisper应改为whispering。
注意：and 还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。(or也有此用法)
Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.
= If you make up your mind, you'll get the chance.
One more effort, and you'll succeed.
= If you make one more effort, you'll succeed.
2)both …and两者都
She plays (both) the piano and the guitar.
3)not only…but (also), as well as不但…而且)
She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar.
注意： not only… but also 关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。
Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.
4)neithe…nor 意思为"既不……也不……"谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。
Neither you nor he is to blame.
三、几个特殊并列连词用法
表示并列关系的and，or，well，as，not only...but also... 等连词也有比较活跃的用法。
and
and 作为并列连词有多重含义，除了可以表示并列关系外，还可以表示顺承、目的、条件、反复等关系。
He went to market and bought some vegetables.(表示顺承，动作的先后发生）
他到市场买了一些蔬菜。
Come and help me out.(表示目的）
过来帮我一下。
Be careful and you'll make fewer mistakes.(表示条件）
如果仔细，你所犯的错就少。
or 与 either...or...
or表示为“否则”的话，前句一般是祈使句，后句用一般将来时。在表示选择关系时or 与 either...or... 用法相同，但 either...or...更具强调性。在多个对象进行选择时，可以用A or B or C... , either A or B or C... , neither A or B or C... 。
Either Jim or Jake or Jeff knows about this.
as well as 与not only... but also...
名词+as well as+名词作主语时，强调前面的名词，谓语动词要根据前面的名词而定。not only...but also...连接名词作主语时，其强调在后者，谓语动词要根据后面的名词而定。
China as well as many other countries loves peace.
中国与世界上的其他许多国家一样热爱和平。
Not only Bill but also his parents want to go traveling by bike.
不仅比尔而且他的父母都想骑自行车去旅游。
[NOTICE]：当or，neither...nor...，either...or 等连接主语时，谓语动词由or或nor后面的部分而定。
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