初三化学
\u521d\u4e09\u5316\u5b66\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u662fZn\u8fc7\u91cf\uff0c\u786b\u9178\u4e0d\u8db3\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u7684H2\u7684\u91cf\u8ddf\u786b\u9178\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u5230\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684H2\u8ddf\u786b\u9178\u52a0\u7684\u91cf\u4e0d\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8bf4\u660eZn\u5df2\u53cd\u5e94\u5b8c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b6412g\u5c31\u662f\u94dc\u7684\u91cf\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b21\u65f6Zn\u5df2\u53cd\u5e94\u5b8c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64m\u503c\u4e3a12
\uff082\uff09 Zn\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a20-12=8g \u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570 8/20=40%
(3) H2SO4-----Zn
98 65
X 2.6 X=3.92g \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf420g\u786b\u9178\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u542b\u67093.92g\u786b\u9178\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u4e3a
3.92/20=19.6%
\u6211\u7684\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u80fd\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u9178\u78b1\u76d0\u662f\u521d\u4e2d\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u548c\u96be\u70b9\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u540c\u5b66\u5e38\u5e38\u5199\u51fa\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u638c\u63e1\u53cd\u5e94\u89c4\u5f8b\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u5bb6\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u73b0\u603b\u7ed3\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u4e00\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e+\u9178 = \u76d0+H2\u2191 \uff08\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\uff09
\u89c4\u5f8b\uff1a\u2460\u521d\u4e2d\u4e00\u822c\u5305\u62ecHCl\u3001\u7a00H2SO4\uff1b\u6d53H2SO4\u3001HNO3\u6709\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u6027\u8d28\uff1b\u2461\u5728\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6392\u5728\u6c22\u524d\u9762\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u6b64\u7c7b\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7f6e\u6362\u51fa\u9178\u4e2d\u7684\u6c22\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
Fe+2HCl =FeCl2+H2\u2191; Fe+H2SO4 =FeSO4+H2\u2191
Zn+2HCl = ZnCl2+H2\u2191;Zn++H2SO4= ZnSO4+H2\u2191
Mg+2HCl = MgCl2+H2\u2191;Mg+H2SO4 =MgSO4+H2\u2191
2Al+6HCl = 2AlCl3+3H2\u2191;2Al+3H2SO4= Al2(SO4)3+3H2\u2191
\u4e8c\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e1+\u76d01=\u91d1\u5c5e2+\u76d02 \uff08\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\uff09
\u89c4\u5f8b\uff1a\u2460\u91d1\u5c5e1\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u6bd4\u91d1\u5c5e2\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u5f3a\uff1b\u2461\u53cd\u5e94\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u76d01\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53ef\u6eb6\u7684\uff1b\u2462K\u3001Ca\u3001Na \u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u592a\u5f3a\uff0c\u6295\u5165\u76d0\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u6b64\u53cd\u5e94\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
Fe+CuSO4=Cu+FeSO4; Zn+CuSO4 = Cu+ZnSO4
Fe+CuCl2=Cu+FeCl2; Zn+CuCl2= Cu+ZnCl2
Mg+CuCl2 =Cu+MgCl2; 2Al+3CuCl2 = 3Cu+2AlCl3
Cu+Hg(NO3)2 = Hg+Cu(NO3)2 \uff1bCu+2AgNO3 =2Ag+Cu(NO3)2
\u4e09\u3001\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269+\u78b1 = \u76d0+H2O\uff08\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u521d\u4e2d\u56db\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u53cd\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b\uff09
\u89c4\u5f8b\uff1a\u2460\u78b1\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53ef\u6eb6\u7684\uff1b\u2461CO2\u4e0e\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210CO32-\u76d0\uff1bSO2\u4e0e\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210SO32-\u76d0\uff1bSO3\u4e0e\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210SO42-\u76d0\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
CO2+Ca(OH)2 =CaCO3\u2193+H2O; CO2+2NaOH=Na2CO3+H2O
SO2+Ca(OH)2 = CaSO3\u2193+H2O; SO2+2NaOH = Na2SO3+H2O
CO2+2KOH =K2CO3+H2O; SO3+Ca(OH)2= CaSO4+H2O
\u56db\u3001\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94
\u201c\u4e24\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6362\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u53e6\u4e24\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u53eb\u505a\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u7ec4\u6210\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5404\u6210\u5206\u201c\u5316\u5408\u4ef7\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6362\u201d\u3002\u521d\u4e2d\u6240\u5b66\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u516d\u5927\u7c7b\uff08\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff09\uff1a
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a1.\u521d\u4e2d\u5316\u5b66\u6d89\u53ca\u7684HCl\u3001H2SO4\u3001HNO3\u7b49\u51e0\u79cd\u9178\u90fd\u662f\u6613\u6eb6\u7684\uff0c\u56fe\u4e2d\u4ee5\u201c\u5b9e\u7ebf\u201d\u4e0e\u9178\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u8003\u8651\u5176\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u548c\u9178\u76f8\u9047\u5c31\u53cd\u5e94\u3002
2\uff0e\u56fe\u4e2d\u201c\u865a\u7ebf\u201d\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\u4e4b\u95f4\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u90fd\u53ef\u6eb6\u4e14\u751f\u6210\u7269\u4e2d\u6709\u6c89\u6dc0\u6216\u6c14\u4f53\u3002
\u4e00\u3001\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269+\u9178 =\u76d0+H2O \uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2460\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1a\u53ef\u6eb6\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e0e\u9178\u7684\u53cd\u5e94CaO+2HCl = CaCl2+H2O
\u96be\u6eb6\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e0e\u9178\u7684\u53cd\u5e94Fe2O3+6HCl =2FeCl3+3H2O
Fe2O3+3H2SO4=Fe2(SO4)3+3H2O\uff1bZnO+2HNO3 =Zn(NO3)2+H2O
CuO+2HCl=CuCl2+H2O;CuO+H2SO4= CuSO4 +H2O
CuO+2HNO3 =Cu(NO3)2+H2O;MgO+2HCl= MgCl2+H2O
\u4e8c\u3001\u78b1+\u9178= \u76d0+H2O \uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2461\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1a\u53ef\u6eb6\u78b1\u4e0e\u9178\u7684\u53cd\u5e94NaOH+HCl = NaCl+H2O
2NaOH+H2SO4=Na2SO4+2H2O\uff1bNaOH+HNO3 =NaNO3+H2O
Ca(OH)2+2HCl =CaCl2+2H2O;Ca(OH)2+H2SO4= CaSO4+2H2O
Ca(OH)2+2HNO3 = Ca(NO3)2+2H2O; KOH+HNO3= KNO3+H2O
Ba(OH)2+H2SO4 = BaSO4\u2193+2H2O
\u96be\u6eb6\u78b1\u4e0e\u9178\u7684\u53cd\u5e942Fe(OH)3+3H2SO4 = Fe2(SO4)3+6H2O
Mg(OH)2+2HCl= MgCl2+2H2O;Al(OH)3+3HCl = AlCl3+3H2O
Fe(OH)3+3HCl = FeCl3+3H2O;Cu(OH)2+H2SO4 =CuSO4+2H2O
Cu(OH)2+2HCl =CuCl2+2H2O;
Mg(OH)2+2HNO3 =Mg(NO3)2+2H2O
\u4e09\u3001\u76d0+\u9178 =\u65b0\u76d0+\u65b0\u9178
1\uff0eCO32-\u76d0+\u9178= \u65b0\u76d0+H2O+CO2\u2191\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2462\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1a\u53ef\u6eb6CO32-\u76d0\u4e0e\u9178\u53cd\u5e94Na2CO3+2HCl = 2NaCl+H2O+CO2 \u2191
Na2CO3+H2SO4 =Na2SO4+H2O+CO2\u2191;
K2CO3+2HCl = 2KCl+H2O+CO2\u2191
\u96be\u6eb6CO32-\u76d0\u4e0e\u9178\u53cd\u5e94CaCO3+2HCl =CaCl2+2H2O+CO2\u2191
BaCO3+2HCl = BaCl2+2H2O+CO2\u2191
2.\u5176\u5b83\u76d0+\u9178 = \u65b0\u76d0\u2193+\u65b0\u9178\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2463\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1aAgNO3+HCl = AgCl\u2193+HNO3
BaCl2+H2SO4 = BaSO4\u2193+2HCl
\u56db\u3001\u76d01+\u76d02 = \u76d03+\u76d04\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2464\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1aNaCl+AgNO3 = AgCl\u2193+NaNO3
BaCl2+Na2SO4= BaSO4\u2193+2NaCl
\u4e94\u3001\u76d0+\u78b1 = \u65b0\u76d0+\u65b0\u78b1\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u2465\uff09
\u4f8b\uff1aNa2CO3+Ca(OH)2= CaCO3\u2193+2NaOH
CuSO4+2NaOH = Na2SO4+Cu(OH)2\u2193
CuSO4+Ba(OH)2 =BaSO4\u2193+Cu(OH)2\u2193
FeCl3+3NaOH =3NaCl+Fe(OH)3\u2193
\u53e6\u5916\uff1a\u94f5\u76d0+\u78b1 = \u65b0\u76d0+H2O+ NH3\u2191;\u5982\uff1a
NH4Cl+NaOH = NaCl+H2O+NH3\u2191
\u7531\u4e0a\u8ff0\u53cd\u5e94\u89c4\u5f8b\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u6b63\u786e\u4e66\u5199\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u65e2\u8981\u7262\u8bb0\u53cd\u5e94\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u53c8\u8981\u51c6\u786e\u5224\u65ad\u7269\u8d28\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u3002
\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34\u7684\u89d2\u7801\u4e0d\u597d\u5f04\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981word\u7248\u7684\u8bf7\u53d1\u90ae\u4ef6\[email protected].
人呼吸的是空气，空气中含有氮气，氧气，CO2，稀有气体，。。。。。。
氧气会被人体的血红蛋白吸收，氮气对人体无用，所以被排出来，如果不排出来，那就光剩进气没有出气了......
你吸进去了空气中有部分是氮气啦，人体吸收氧气，当然会把氮气排出的~
氮气是惰性气体？
人吸入空气，空气中含有氮气，而人体不需要氮气，人在吸收一部分的氧气后其它气体会呼出，而这一部分中含有氮气，所以呼出的气体中含有氮气。
人体吸入的是空气，不可能是纯氧，而大部分的氧气被人体的肺部吸收，不能吸收的就像氮气，就又被呼出了
绛旓細鍒濅笁鍖栧浠峰彛璇椤哄彛婧滃涓: 涓浠烽捑閽犳隘姘㈤摱,浜屼环姘ч挋閽￠晛閿屻 涓夐摑鍥涚浜斾环纾,鍙樹环鍏冪礌璁板湪蹇冦 浜屼笁閾,浜屽洓纰,涓鍥涘叚纭璁板叏銆 閾滄睘涓浜屼篃闇璁,鍗曡川鍏冪礌浠蜂负闆躲 鍙紪鎴愰『鍙ｆ簻濡備笅: 涓浠烽捑閽犳阿閾舵隘,浜屼环姘ч挋閽￠晛閿屻 涓夐摑鍥涚浜斾环纾,鍙樹环鍏冪礌璁板湪蹇冦 浜屼笁閾,浜屽洓纰,涓鍥涘叚纭璁板叏銆 閾...
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绛旓細鍒濅腑鍖栧鐭ヨ瘑鎬荤粨(鍖栧鏂圭▼寮)涓銆佸寲鍚堝弽搴 1銆侀晛鍦ㄧ┖姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛2Mg + O2 鐐圭噧 2MgO 鐜拌薄锛氾紙1锛夊彂鍑鸿鐪肩殑鐧藉厜锛2锛夋斁鍑虹儹閲忥紙3锛夌敓鎴愮櫧鑹茬矇鏈 2銆侀搧鍦ㄦ哀姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛3Fe + 2O2 鐐圭噧 Fe3O4 鐜拌薄锛氾紙1锛夊墽鐑堢噧鐑э紝鐏槦鍥涘皠锛2锛夋斁鍑虹儹閲忥紙3锛夌敓鎴愪竴绉嶉粦鑹插浐浣 娉ㄦ剰锛氱摱搴曡鏀惧皯閲忔按鎴栫粏娌欙紝...
绛旓細鍒濅腑鍖栧鍏冪礌绗﹀彿鍙ｈ瘈琛細姘姘ф槸O锛岀⒊C姘摐Cu銆傜～S纾锋槸P锛岄晛鐨勭鍙稭g銆傛盁F閽機a锛岄搧鐨勭鍙稦e銆侰I姘〖鏄疊锛岄摱鐨勭鍙锋槸AgAI閾漀a 閽狅紝Zn 閿岀背K鏄捑閲慉u閽╓锛孒g姹炴潵 Br婢砅b閾匰i 纭咃紝Sn閿℃潵BaMnI鏄銆備竴銆佸厓绱犵鍙 鍏冪郴绗﹀彿鏄敤鏉ユ爣璁板厓绱犵殑鐗规湁绗﹀彿锛岃繕鍙互琛ㄧず杩欑鍏冪礌鐨勪竴涓師瀛愶紝澶...
绛旓細鍒濅笁鐨鍖栧鍩烘湰鐭ヨ瘑鐐瑰綊绾 绡1 1銆佸叓澶ф矇娣: 鐧借壊娌夋穩: 姘寲閾躲佺～閰搁挕銆佺⒊閰搁挋銆佺⒊閰搁挕銆佺⒊閰搁摱銆佹阿姘у寲闀; 钃濊壊娌夋穩:姘㈡哀鍖栭摐; 绾㈣鑹叉矇娣:姘㈡哀鍖栭搧; 2銆佸父瑙佷骇鐢熸皵浣撶殑绂诲瓙: 闃崇瀛: 姘㈢瀛(H+)銆侀摰绂诲瓙(NH4+); 闃寸瀛: 纰抽吀鏍圭瀛(CO32-)銆佺⒊閰告阿鏍圭瀛(HCO3-)銆佷簹纭吀鏍圭瀛(HSO3-); 3銆侀吀纰辩洂鎺...
绛旓細鍒濅笁鍖栧鐭ヨ瘑 涓銆佹憾娑茬殑褰㈡垚 1銆佹憾娑诧細涓绉嶆垨鍑犵鐗╄川鍒嗘暎鍒板彟涓绉嶇墿璐ㄩ噷锛屽舰鎴愬潎涓銆佺ǔ瀹氱殑娣峰悎鐗╋紝鍙仛婧舵恫銆 鈶犲潎涓锛氬悇閮ㄥ垎鎬ц川銆佹祿搴︺佸瘑搴︺佽壊娉界瓑鐩稿悓銆傗憽绋冲畾锛氬綋姘村垎涓嶈捀鍙戙佹俯搴︿笉鍙樺寲鏃讹紝婧舵恫涓嶅垎灞傘佷笉娌夋穩銆 婧惰川锛氳婧惰В鐨勭墿璐(鍙互鏄皵浣撱佹恫浣撳拰鍥轰綋)銆 婧跺墏锛氳兘婧惰В鍏跺畠鐗╄川鐨...
绛旓細1銆佹湪鐐湪姘ф皵涓噧鐑э細C+O2=鐐圭噧=CO2 2銆佺～鍦ㄦ哀姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛歋+O2=鐐圭噧=SO2 3銆侀晛鍦ㄧ┖姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛2Mg+O2=鐐圭噧=2MgO 4銆侀搧鍦ㄦ哀姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛3Fe+2O2=鐐圭噧=Fe3O4 5銆佺７鍦ㄦ哀姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛4P+5O2=鐐圭噧=2P2O5 6銆侀摐鍦ㄧ┖姘斾腑鍔犵儹锛2Cu+O2=鈻=2CuO 7銆佹阿姘斿湪姘ф皵涓噧鐑э細2H2+O2=鐐圭噧=2H2O 8銆...
绛旓細涓鑸厓绱犵殑閲戝睘鎬ц秺寮猴紝鍏跺崟璐ㄧ殑杩樺師鎬ц秺寮猴紝鍏舵哀鍖栫墿鐨勬哀绂诲瓙姘у寲鎬ц秺寮憋紱鍏冪礌鐨勯潪閲戝睘鎬ц秺寮猴紝鍏跺崟璐ㄧ殑姘у寲鎬ц秺寮猴紝鍏剁畝鍗曢槾绂诲瓙鐨勮繕鍘熸ц秺寮便鍒濅笁鍖栧瀹為獙娉ㄦ剰浜嬮」 鍒濅笁杩涜鍖栧瀹為獙鏃惰娉ㄦ剰杩囨护鏃堕槻姝㈠惧掓恫浣撳嚮绌挎护绾革紝闃叉娑蹭綋鏈粡杩囨护浠庢护绾稿拰婕忔枟澹佺殑缂濋殭闂存祦涓嬶紝闃叉婊ゆ恫婧呭嚭绛夈傛敞鎰忛厭绮剧伅鐨...
