牛顿是什么科学家 牛顿是什么家?
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\uff08Charles Robert Darwin\uff0c1809\uff0d1882\uff09\u82f1\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\u30021809\u5e742\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u533b\u751f\u5bb6\u5ead\u30021825\u5e74\u81f31828\u5e74\u5728\u7231\u4e01\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u533b\uff0c\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u795e\u5b66\u30021831\u5e74\u4ece\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5\u535a\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4e58\u6d77\u519b\u52d8\u63a2\u8239\u201c\uff08Beagle\uff09\u201d\u4f5c\u5386\u65f65\u5e74\uff081831\uff0d1836\uff09\u7684\u73af\u7403\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u641c\u96c6\u4e86\u52a8\u7269\u3001\u690d\u7269\u548c\u5730\u8d28\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5f52\u7eb3\u6574\u7406\u548c\u7efc\u5408\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u751f\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u30021859\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u7269\u79cd\u8d77\u6e90\uff08On the Origin of Species\uff09\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\uff08Theoty of Natural Selection\uff09\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u5b66\u8bf4\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u9707\u52a8\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u754c\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6298\u70b9\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u5b66\u8bf4\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u552f\u5fc3\u7684\u795e\u9020\u8bba\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8bba\u548c\u7269\u79cd\u4e0d\u53d8\u8bba\u63d0\u51fa\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4f7f\u5f53\u65f6\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5404\u9886\u57df\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u89c2\u5ff5\u53d1\u751f\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u968f\u540e\u53c8\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u52a8\u7269\u548c\u690d\u7269\u5728\u5bb6\u517b\u4e0b\u7684\u53d8\u5f02\uff08The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication \uff0c1868\uff09\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7531\u6765\u53ca\u6027\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff08The Descent of Man \uff0c1871\uff09\u300b\u548c\u300a\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u8868\u60c5\uff08The Expression of the Emotions in Animals and Man\uff0c1872\uff09 \u300b\u7b49\u4e66\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u9009\u62e9\u4f5c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u53ca\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5145\u5b9e\u4e86\u8fdb\u5316\u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
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是英国数学家,物理学家.
绛旓細鑹捐惃鍏嬄风墰椤匡紙1643骞1鏈4鏃モ1727骞3鏈31鏃ワ級鐖靛＋锛岃嫳鍥界殗瀹跺浼氫細闀匡紝鑻卞浗钁楀悕鐨勭墿鐞嗗瀹锛岀櫨绉戝叏涔﹀紡鐨勨滃叏鎵嶁濓紝钁楁湁銆婅嚜鐒跺摬瀛︾殑鏁板鍘熺悊銆嬨併婂厜瀛︺嬨備粬鍦1687骞村彂琛ㄧ殑璁烘枃銆婅嚜鐒跺畾寰嬨嬮噷锛屽涓囨湁寮曞姏鍜屼笁澶ц繍鍔ㄥ畾寰嬭繘琛屼簡鎻忚堪銆傝繖浜涙弿杩板瀹氫簡姝ゅ悗涓変釜涓栫邯閲岀墿鐞嗕笘鐣岀殑绉戝瑙傜偣锛屽苟鎴愪负浜嗙幇浠ｅ伐...
绛旓細鐗涢】,鑻卞浗浼熷ぇ鐨勬暟瀛﹀銆佺墿鐞嗗瀹躲佸ぉ鏂囧瀹跺拰鑷劧鍝插瀹.1642骞12鏈25鏃ョ敓浜庤嫳鏍煎叞鏋楄偗閮℃牸鍏扮憻濮嗛檮杩戠殑娌冨皵绱㈡櫘鏉,1727骞3鏈20鏃ュ湪浼︽暒鐥呴.(浠栨鍚庝綔涓鸿嚜鐒剁瀛﹀鍙堢涓涓幏寰楀浗钁,闀跨湢浜庡▉鏂晱鐗规暀鍫,閭ｆ槸鍘嗕唬甯濈帇鍜岀涓娴佸悕浜虹殑澧撳湴.)鐗涢】1661骞村叆鑻卞浗鍓戞ˉ澶у涓変竴瀛﹂櫌,1665骞磋幏鏂囧澹浣.1667骞...
绛旓細浠栨槸鏄嫳鍥戒紵澶х殑鏁板瀹躲佺墿鐞嗗瀹躲佸ぉ鏂囧瀹跺拰鑷劧鍝插瀹,鍏剁爺绌堕鍩熷寘鎷簡鐗╃悊瀛︺佹暟瀛︺佸ぉ鏂囧銆佺瀛︺佽嚜鐒跺摬瀛﹀拰鐐奸噾鏈.鐗涢】鐨勪富瑕佽础鐚湁鍙戞槑浜嗗井绉垎,鍙戠幇浜嗕竾鏈夊紩鍔涘畾寰嬪拰缁忓吀鍔涘,璁捐骞跺疄闄呭埗閫犱簡绗竴鏋跺弽灏勫紡鏈涜繙闀滅瓑绛,琚獕涓轰汉绫诲巻鍙蹭笂鏈浼熷ぇ,鏈鏈夊奖鍝嶅姏鐨勭瀛﹀....
绛旓細鐗涢】锛1643骞1鏈4鏃-1727骞3鏈31鏃ワ級锛屽嚭鐢熶簬鑻辨牸鍏版灄鑲儭锛屾瘯涓氫簬鍓戞ˉ澶у锛鑻卞浗鐗╃悊瀛﹀銆佹暟瀛﹀銆佸ぉ鏂囧瀹躲佽嚜鐒跺摬瀛﹀锛岃瑾変负鈥滆繎浠ｇ墿鐞嗗涔嬬埗鈥濄傝壘钀ㄥ厠路鐗涢】浜1665骞村彂鐜颁簡骞夸箟浜岄」寮忓畾鐞嗭紝骞跺紑濮嬪彂灞曚竴濂楁柊鐨勬暟瀛︾悊璁猴紝鍗寰Н鍒嗗銆1687骞村彂琛ㄤ簡銆婅嚜鐒跺摬瀛︾殑鏁板鍘熺悊銆嬶紝闃愯堪浜嗕竾鏈夊紩鍔涘拰涓夊ぇ...
绛旓細鐗涢】鏄笉鏄瀛﹀ 锛鏄嫳鍥戒紵澶х殑鏁板瀹躲佺墿鐞嗗瀹躲佸ぉ鏂囧瀹跺拰鑷劧鍝插瀹銆1642骞12鏈25鏃ョ敓浜庤嫳鏍煎叞鏋楄偗閮℃牸鍏扮憻濮嗛檮杩戠殑绱㈡櫘鏉,1727骞3鏈20鏃ュ湪浼︽暒鐥呴濄1661骞村叆锛1665骞磋幏鏂囧澹浣嶃傞殢鍚庝袱骞村湪瀹朵埂韬查伩鐦熺柅銆傝繖涓ゅ勾閲岋紝浠栧埗瀹氫簡涓鐢熷ぇ澶氭暟閲嶈绉戝鍒涢犵殑钃濆浘銆1667骞村洖鍓戞ˉ鍚庡綋閫変负闄㈠锛屾骞磋幏...
绛旓細鐗涢】锛浼熷ぇ鐨勮嫳鍥界墿鐞嗗瀹锛1642骞12鏈25鏃ョ敓浜庢灄鑲儭浼嶅皵绱㈡櫘鏉戠殑涓涓啘姘戝搴紟12宀佷粬鍦ㄦ牸鍏版拻濮嗙殑鍏珛瀛︽牎璇讳功鏃讹紝灏辫〃鐜颁簡瀵瑰疄楠屽拰鏈烘鍙戞槑鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紝鑷繁鍔ㄦ墜鍒朵綔浜嗘按閽熴侀纾ㄥ拰鏃ユ櫡绛夛紟1661骞达紝鐗涢】灏辫浜庡墤妗ュぇ瀛︾殑涓変竴瀛﹂櫌锛屾垚浜嗕竴鍚嶄紭绉瀛︾敓锛1669骞达紝骞翠粎27宀侊紝灏辨媴浠讳簡鍓戞ˉ鐨勬暟瀛︽暀鎺堬紟1672骞...
绛旓細鑹捐惃鍏嬄风墰椤(Isaac Newton,1643骞1鏈4鏃モ1727骞3鏈31鏃),鑻卞浗鏁板瀹躲鐗╃悊瀛﹀鍜屽摬瀛﹀銆傜墰椤垮湪銆婅嚜鐒跺摬瀛︾殑鏁板鍘熺悊銆嬮噷鎻愬嚭鐨勪竾鏈夊紩鍔涘畾寰嬩互鍙婁粬鐨勭墰椤胯繍鍔ㄥ畾寰嬫槸缁忓吀鍔涘鐨勫熀鐭,浠栬繕鍜岃幈甯冨凹鑼ㄥ悇鑷嫭绔嬪湴鍙戞槑浜嗗井绉垎,琚獕涓轰汉绫诲巻鍙蹭笂鏈浼熷ぇ鐨勭瀛﹀涔嬩竴銆傚洜涓虹墰椤,缁忓吀鍔涘鍙堝悕涓衡滅墰椤垮姏瀛︹,鑰屽姏鐨勫崟浣嶄篃...
绛旓細鐗涢】鍦ㄦ牸鍏扮憻濮嗕腑瀛﹁涔︽椂,鏇惧瘎浣忓湪鏍煎叞鐟熷闀囧厠鎷夊厠鑽簵,杩欓噷鏇村煿鍏讳簡浠栫殑绉戝瀹為獙涔犳儻,鍥犱负褰撴椂鐨勮嵂搴楀氨鏄竴鎵鍖栧瀹為獙瀹ゃ傜墰椤垮湪鑷繁鐨勭瑪璁颁腑,灏嗚嚜鐒剁幇璞″垎绫绘暣鐞,鍖呮嫭棰滆壊璋冮厤銆佹椂閽熴佸ぉ鏂囥佸嚑浣曢棶棰樼瓑绛夈傝繖浜涚伒娲荤殑瀛︿範鏂规硶,閮戒负浠栧悗鏉ョ殑鍒涢犳墦涓嬩簡鑹ソ鍩虹銆 鐗涢】鏇惧洜瀹惰传鍋滃鍔″啘,鍦ㄨ繖娈垫椂闂撮噷,浠栧埄鐢ㄤ竴鍒囨椂闂...
绛旓細鐗涢】锛屽嵆鑹捐惃鍏嬄风墰椤匡紝鏄汉绫诲巻鍙蹭笂鍑虹幇杩囩殑鏈浼熷ぇ銆佹渶鏈夊奖鍝嶇殑绉戝瀹锛屽悓鏃朵篃鏄墿鐞嗗瀹躲佹暟瀛﹀鍜屽摬瀛﹀锛屾櫄骞撮唹蹇冧簬鐐奸噾鏈拰绁炲銆備粬鍦1687骞7鏈5鏃ュ彂琛ㄧ殑涓嶆溄钁椾綔銆婅嚜鐒跺摬瀛︾殑鏁板鍘熺悊銆嬮噷鐢ㄦ暟瀛︽柟娉曢槓鏄庝簡瀹囧畽涓渶鍩烘湰鐨勬硶鍒欌斺斾竾鏈夊紩鍔涘畾寰嬪拰涓夊ぇ杩愬姩瀹氬緥銆傝繖鍥涙潯瀹氬緥鏋勬垚浜嗕竴涓粺涓鐨勪綋绯伙紝琚...
