古希腊的四大科学成就是什么 列举古代希腊四大著名的科学家
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\u591a\u7ed9\u4f60\u5217\u70b9\u5427`\uff01~
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\u8ba9\u00b7\u96c5\u5404\u00b7\u5362\u68ad(Jean-Jacques Rousseau\uff0c1712\u5e746\u670828\u65e5\u2014\u20141778\u5e747\u67082\u65e5)\u662f\u745e\u58eb\u517c\u6cd5\u56fd\u7c4d\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u3002 \u5362\u68ad\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u745e\u58eb\u65e5\u5185\u74e6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u949f\u8868\u5320\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u7956\u4e0a\u662f\u4ece\u6cd5\u56fd\u6d41\u4ea1\u5230\u745e\u58eb\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5bb6\u5883\u8d2b\u5bd2\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u5f53\u8fc7\u5b66\u5f92\u3001\u6742\u5f79\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e66\u8bb0\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u3001\u6d41\u6d6a\u97f3\u4e50\u5bb6\u7b49\u3002\u540e\u53c8\u88ab\u901a\u7f09\u6d41\u4ea1\u56fd\u5916\u3002\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5df4\u9ece\u4e1c\u5317\u9762\u7684\u963f\u8499\u519c\u7ef4\u62c9\uff08Ermenonville\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u5728\u4ed6\u51fa\u751f\u540e\u5c31\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u800c\u7236\u4eb2\u5728\u4ed6\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u79bb\u4ed6\u800c\u53bb\u3002\u5362\u68ad\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u52a8\u7269\u6240\u5904\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u660e\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff09\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u9ad8\u8d35\u7684\u91ce\u86ee\u4eba\u201d\uff08noble savage\uff09\u3002\u597d\u4eba\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u6240\u6298\u78e8\u548c\u4fb5\u8680\u3002\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u7ee7\u7eed\u3002\u5362\u68ad\u7684\u300a\u8bba\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u300b\uff08"Discourse on the Arts and Sciences", 1750\uff09\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5e26\u6765\u597d\u5904\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u800c\u538b\u5236\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u4ed6\u603b\u7ed3\u5f97\uff0c\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u660e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u771f\u631a\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\uff0c\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f\u5ac9\u5992\u3001\u754f\u60e7\u548c\u6000\u7591\u3002\u63cf\u8ff0\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\u300b\uff08"The Social Contract"\uff09\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u5362\u68ad\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f00\u5934\u5199\u9053\u201c\u4eba\u751f\u800c\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5374\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u684e\u688f\u4e4b\u4e2d\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e8e1762\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u65e0\u4eba\u95ee\u6d25\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u53cd\u6620\u897f\u65b9\u4f20\u7edf\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e0e\u4ed6\u65e9\u671f\u4f5c\u54c1\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5362\u68ad\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u517d\u6027\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u597d\u4eba\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u624d\u6709\u7684\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7ecf\u5e38\u8981\u7ade\u4e89\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u8054\u5408\u4eba\u80fd\u9762\u5bf9\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u613f\u610f\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u8054\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u800c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6210\u5458\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5728\u300a\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u8bba\u300b"Discourse on Inequality"\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5362\u68ad\u5c1d\u8bd5\u628a\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u4e0e\u88ab\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5951\u7ea6\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u613f\u610f\u653e\u5f03\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u5e76\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eba\u6240\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3001\u5feb\u4e50\u548c\u8d22\u4ea7\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6b63\u89c4\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6bd4\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u3001\u4eba\u4eba\u53ea\u987e\u81ea\u5df1\u793e\u4f1a\u80fd\u591f\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5362\u68ad\u53c8\u6307\u51fa\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u6709\u7740\u660e\u663e\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u6700\u5bcc\u6709\u548c\u6700\u6709\u6743\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u201c\u6b3a\u9a97\u201d\u4e86\u5927\u4f17\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u4e0e\u88ab\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\u548c\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u5e73\u7b49\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u90a3\u5b83\u5c31\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u4f5c\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u804c\u6743\u6839\u672c\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6839\u672c\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bf4\u6cd5\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u662f\u5362\u68ad\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u679c\u6beb\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5206\u3002\u5362\u68ad\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u653b\u51fb\u79c1\u4eba\u8d22\u4ea7\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u4f5c\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\u89c1\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\uff09\u7684\u59cb\u7956\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8d28\u7591\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u613f\u662f\u5426\u4e00\u5b9a\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5e94\u8be5\u6392\u9664\u591a\u6570\u4eba\uff08\u89c1\u6c11\u4e3b\uff09\u610f\u613f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u634d\u536b\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u548c\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u5362\u68ad\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u539f\u5219\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u5e94\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u5fb7\u670d\u4eba\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5730\u53d1\u6325\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u5219\u662f\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u634d\u536b\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5362\u68ad\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4ed6\u964d\u4f4e\u4e66\u9762\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u6559\u80b2\u5148\u4e8e\u7406\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u4ed6\u5c24\u4e3a\u5f3a\u8c03\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2a\u4eba\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u3002
\u201c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u5f52\u81ea\u7136\u201d
\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u81ea\u7136\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f4d\u539f\u59cb\u4eba\u6240\u5904\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\uff08Voltaire\uff09\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u81ea\u7136\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4eba\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u4e2a\u6027\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e16\u754c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u81ea\u53d1\u6027\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5f62\u6210\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7684\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u5728\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5e4c\u5b50\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5173\u62bc\u548c\u5974\u5f79\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u56de\u5f52\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u4eba\u6062\u590d\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u8131\u79bb\u5916\u754c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u538b\u8feb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u660e\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u30021782\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u81ea\u4f20\u300a\u5fcf\u6094\u5f55\u300b\uff08"Confession"\uff09\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u66b4\u9732\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e66\u4e2d\u6beb\u4e0d\u63a9\u9970\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e11\u884c\uff0c\u5bf9\u540e\u4e16\u5f71\u54cd\u6df1\u8fdc\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f5c\u5bb6\u90c1\u8fbe\u592b\u5c31\u6df1\u53d7\u5362\u68ad\u81ea\u6211\u66b4\u9732\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002
\u5362\u68ad\u88ab\u5b89\u846c\u4e8e\u5df4\u9ece\u4e07\u795e\u5e99\uff08The Panth\u00e9on\uff09
天文学：托勒密创立了地心说，统治欧洲天文学界1400多年。
数学：欧几里德创造几何学，阿基米德发现比重原理、机械学杠杆原理等，被称为数学之神。
医学：希波克拉底将医学和巫术区别开来，摒弃“神赐疾病”等谬说。
古罗马法学:最早的法典《十二铜表法》，罗马帝国第一部正式法典《狄奥多西法典》，《杳士丁尼法典》是欧洲第一部系统完整的法典《杳士丁尼法典》，后来又颁布了《学说汇纂》和《法学阶梯》，统称《查士丁尼民法大全》，对欧美法学的发展产生了巨大影响。
绛旓細鍦ㄤ粬浼楀鐨鎴愬氨涓紝鏈钁楀悕鐨勬槸鍦扮悆鍛ㄩ暱鐨勮绠椼傛瘯杈惧摜鎷夋柉閫氬父琚涓烘槸鐞冨舰鍦扮悆鐞嗚鐨勬渶鏃╁″鑰咃紝浣嗕粬鏀寔鐨勭悊璁烘樉鐒朵笌鍦扮悆鐨勫ぇ灏忔棤鍏炽傚巹鎷夊濉炶憲鍚嶈岀畝鍗曠殑娴嬮噺鏂规硶鏄湪澶忚嚦涓崍娴嬮噺涓嶅悓绾害鍨傜洿鎻掑叆鍦伴潰鐨勬煴瀛愭姇灏勭殑涓嶅悓闀垮害鐨勯槾褰便傞樋鍒╂柉濉斿厠鏇剧粡璇磋繃锛屽お闃崇鍦扮悆瓒冲杩滐紝鎵浠ユ棤璁洪槼鍏夌収灏勫埌鍝噷锛屽畠閮...
绛旓細1. 鍙ゅ笇鑵濂犲畾浜嗗摬瀛︾殑鍩虹煶锛屽瓡鑲蹭簡涓鎵规棭鏈熺殑鍝插瀹躲2. 鍙ゅ笇鑵婂湪涔﹀啓銆佸喍閲戙佺汉缁囩瓑鎵嬪伐鑹洪鍩熻揪鍒颁簡鍏堣繘姘村钩锛屽悓鏃跺湪鏁板銆佸ぉ鏂囧鍜屽缓绛戝鏂归潰涔熷睍鐜颁簡楂樿秴鐨勬妧鑹恒3. 鍦ㄥ伐涓氥佸啘涓氥绉戝鍜屾枃瀛﹁壓鏈澶氶鍩燂紝鍙ゅ笇鑵婂彇寰椾簡浠や汉鐬╃洰鐨勬垚灏锛屽垱閫犱簡鍙や唬缃曡鐨勫杩广4. 甯岃厞浜烘辈鍙栦簡鍙よ佷笢鏂规枃鍖栫殑涓板瘜...
绛旓細鍙甯岃厞鏂囨槑鐨涓昏鎴愭灉鏈:鍝插鏂归潰銆佹枃瀛︽柟闈佸缓绛戞柟闈绉戝鎶鏈柟闈侀煶涔愭柟闈㈢瓑绛夈備竴銆佸摬瀛︽柟闈細瑗挎柟鍝插鐨勫巻鍙蹭粠鍙ゅ笇鑵婂紑濮嬶紝鍙ゅ笇鑵婅憲鍚嶇殑鍝插瀹舵湁寰堝锛岃屼笖鍒嗗睘涓嶅悓鐨勬祦娲撅細鍓嶈嫃鏍兼媺搴曟椂鏈熺殑鍝插瀹讹細娉板嫆鏂侀樋閭ｅ厠瑗挎浖寰枫佹瘯杈惧摜鎷夋柉銆佷互寮楁墍鐨勮但鎷夊厠鍒╃壒銆佽壊璇鸿姮灏笺佽嫃鏍兼媺搴曘佸反闂ㄥ凹寰枫傚叾浠栫埍鍒╀簹瀛︽淳...
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绛旓細鍙ゅ笇鑵婄瀛︾殑鎴愬氨鏄鍙や唬鏈濂界殑銆傚湪鍩冨強鍜屽反姣斾鸡鐭ヨ瘑鐨勫熀纭涓,绫冲埄閮界殑娉板嫆鏂佹瘯杈惧摜鎷夋柉鍜屼簹閲屽＋澶氬痉绛変汉鐗╁彂灞曚簡鏁板銆佸ぉ鏂囧鍜岄昏緫瀛︾殑鎬濇兂,杩欎簺鎬濇兂褰卞搷浜嗘湭鏉ュ嚑涓笘绾殑瑗挎柟鎬濇兂銆佺瀛﹀拰鍝插銆備簹閲屽＋澶氬痉鏄涓浣嶅閫昏緫杩涜绯荤粺鐮旂┒鐨勫摬瀛﹀,闃块偅鍏嬭タ鏇煎痉鍜屾仼鍩瑰鍏嬪嫆绛夊笇鑵婂摬瀛︿汉鐗╂暀瀵间簡杩涘寲璁虹殑鏃╂湡褰㈠紡,姣曡揪鍝...
