为什么悲剧会被誉为“崇高的诗”、“戏剧诗的最高阶段和冠冕”？ 中西方悲剧有何异同？
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Differences between Chinese and Western Tragedies
(A) the difference between the hero
The protagonists of the Western classical tragedies are generally strong. Such as Prometheus, Oedipus, Malo tragedy in the Faust and so on. Hamlet is a typical Western tragedy figure, he is "the eyes of the courters, the scholar's tongue / military sword, the country's expectations and flowers / romantic fashion mirror, elegant example / world-renowned center." A Caesar in the Shakespeare Caesar is also a hero of the indomitable spirit, and he believes that "intimidating my things dare to pretend to be behind me, and when they see Caesar's face, they will disappear." In the Western tragedy , Such a hero is also everywhere, all belong to such people. The ideal tragedy in Aristotle should be neither deity nor dejected, but between the two, with almost ordinary people, or better than ordinary people. This tragic character "fault" or "Tragic Flaw" (Tragic Flaw), such as the ancient Greek tragic characters of excessive self-confidence (Hubris), Macbeth's ambition, Hamlet's hesitation, become tragic characters tragedy reasons.
Contrary to the hero of the Western tragedy, the hero of the Chinese classical tragedy is mostly good, weak woman. Like Dou E, Li Xiangjun, Du Shiniang and so on. They have no resistance. These characters often reflect some of the requirements of traditional Chinese ethics, such as loyalty, filial piety, justice and so on. Weak and the shackles of ethical concepts, the tragic characters in China can only be patience, submissive characteristics.
(B) different tragic ideas
Acting with action is the essence of Western tragedy. Hamlet is actively fighting in the conflict. In this struggle to show a well-known and can not know the heroism of the spirit, so as to win people's respect. The Chinese tragedy was originally called the bitter drama (or called the bitter drama, resentment, mourning), the main description of the hero's miserable encounter. China 's tragedies focus on "sad" and "miserable". People are more sympathetic to the protagonist.
In short, the Western tragedy through the conflict between the two sides persecuted the persecution and anti-persecution, the struggle is often quite difficult, difficult to understand, through the protagonist's active struggle to show its noble spirit and quality; and the Chinese tragedy struggle mainly for persecution and Persecution of the relationship, the hero is often bound by a certain traditional concept, which led to its tragic fate, tragic performance is the fate of the tragic character.
(C) the end of the tragedy of Chinese and Western
The outcome of the tragedy between China and the West also has a fundamental difference.
The end of the tragedy of the West is that the hero struggles with life, and is the intense reaction of the conflict. Contrary to Western tragedy, Chinese tragedies often end in comic form and are reconciliation of conflict. The outcome of the Chinese tragedy is a positive affirmation of the protagonist. Wang Guowei that the ancient tragedy "reunion of interest" is full of optimism, and that this tragedy is our country has the national characteristics, but also analyzes the reasons for the formation of different characteristics, because "the spirit of my people, the world also , He also believes that "such as Guan Hanqing's" Dou E injustice ", Ji Junxiang's" orphans "... ... that is listed in the" There is no shame in the world 's great tragedy.
(4) From the nature of the tragedy, the Western tragedies can be broadly divided into the following categories: tragedy of tragedy, tragedy of tragedy, social tragedy, metaphysical tragedy; Chinese tragedy is almost all social tragedy.
(5), from the tragic point of view, the Chinese tragedy than the Western tragedy nearly two thousand years later.
(6), from the form and structure point of view, the Western tragedy in addition to the Greek tragedy to use singing, is basically a dialogue-based drama; and Chinese tragedy is singing mainly.
(7), the tragedy has always been known as the "noble poem", "the highest stage of drama and crown." Regardless of the tragedy of the West, it describes the hero or engaged in noble business by evil forces to persecute persecution, or because of their own personality one-sided and fault, or can not be avoided to overcome the troubled life, although struggling to pursue, struggling, desperate resistance, No choice into the process of failure and destruction. In this process of protest, the hero in the tragedy of Chinese and Western tragedies is very different: such as the Western tragedy hero contains evil lust, it can carry out desperate resistance; Chinese tragedy hero because of good quality, and therefore hopeful prayer.
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无论是在中国还是在西方国家，悲剧的经典作品有许多。而这些经典的悲剧作品，给人留下的印象也是十分深刻的，人们往往能够通过悲剧的故事，看到曾经的那个时代。给人一种深深的代入感，而悲剧也被誉为崇高的诗，戏剧诗的最高阶段和寇冕。
为什么说悲剧是崇高的呢，是因为人往往在悲剧中才能看到人性的善恶，才能剖析到底的看清这个社会和身边的人，所以，悲剧也是一种崇高的美，能够透过悲剧本身，看到社会力量的对比，看出历史发展的轨迹以及历史的必然性。看出正义战胜邪恶，或者短暂的被邪恶所战胜，看到悲惨世界中的善良，看到人性的弱点。
悲剧之所以崇高，往往并不在于悲本身，而在于悲壮。面对社会的悲剧和个人的悲剧，那些奋斗在社会底层中的人们，开启自己悲壮的人生。但是你依然能够看出这些顽强的生命和恶势力作斗争，以及哪怕自己受到了如此不公平的待遇，依然保持着一颗纯洁善良的心。
而这就是最让人感动的地方，这个世界本身就存在着喜剧和悲剧，活在幸福世界中的人们，他们做的一切似乎都是可以理解的，但是处在悲剧世界中的人，他们对生命的执着，对于真善美的向往，却是最能打动人的地方。能让你在这些悲剧的背后，看到顽强的反抗精神，以及不屈不挠的斗争精神。所以说悲剧是崇高的诗。
因为只有通过悲剧才能看到人最悲惨的一面，最能激发人的痛处。
因为在悲剧中可以看到人们跟困难作斗争的顽强的精神。
因为悲剧是非常具有艺术性的，所以悲剧很有感染力。
因为用善良正义的代表去与悲剧进行抗争，才能够激发人们的同情之心。
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