求文档: 初中英语时态讲解 求初中英语的全部时态、语法要详解！！！！

\u521d\u4e2d\u82f1\u8bed\u516b\u5927\u65f6\u6001\u8bb2\u89e3

1. \u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u7ecf\u5e38\u6216\u4e60\u60ef\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u72b6\u6001,\u6216\u8bf4\u660e\u4e3b\u8bed\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u2460\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u5e38\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aoften, usually, sometimes, always, every (day\u7b49), once/twice, a (week\u7b49), on (Sunday\u7b49), never, in the (morning\u7b49)\u3002\u5982\uff1aThey go to the Palace Museum once a year.(\u4ed6\u4eec\u6bcf\u5e74\u53bb\u4e00\u6b21\u6545\u5bab)/ They often discuss business in the evening.(\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u5728\u665a\u4e0a\u5546\u8c08\u751f\u610f)\u2461\u8868\u793a\u5ba2\u89c2\u771f\u7406\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3001\u4eba\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u6216\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\u53e5\u5b50\u91cc\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u3002\u5982\uff1aThe earth turns round the sun.(\u5730\u7403\u7ed5\u7740\u592a\u9633\u8f6c)/ Light travels faster than sound.(\u5149\u4f20\u64ad\u6bd4\u58f0\u97f3\u5feb)\u2462 \u8868\u793a\u5341\u5206\u786e\u5b9a\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f(\u5982\u5b89\u6392\u597d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5)\u6216\u6309\u7167\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5,\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u8fbe\u5c06\u6765,\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5982\uff1aThe train for Haikou leaves at 8\uff1a00 in the morning.(\u5f00\u5f80\u6c49\u53e3\u7684\u5217\u8f66\u4e0a\u53488\u70b9\u5f00\u8f66)\u2463 \u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d(\u4ee5when, after, before, while, until, as soon as\u7b49\u5f15\u5bfc)\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d(\u4ee5if,unless\u5f15\u5bfc),\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6,\u53e5\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5982\uff1aPlease ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(\u4f60\u4e00\u5230\u5fb7\u56fd\u5c31\u7ed9\u6211\u6253\u7535\u8bdd) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(\u5982\u679c\u660e\u5929\u4e0b\u96e8\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ea\u597d\u5446\u5728\u5bb6)\u2464 \u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u7528\u4e8e\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c,\u52a8\u8bcd\u4ee5come, go\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u5982\uff1aHere comes the bus. (\u8f66\u6765\u4e86) / There goes the bell.(\u94c3\u54cd\u4e86)\u3002\u2465 \u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4f53\u80b2\u6bd4\u8d5b\u7684\u89e3\u8bf4\u6216\u5bd3\u8a00\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u3002Now the midfield player catches the ball and he keeps it.\u2466 \u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u611f\u5b98\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u8868\u8fbe,\u5e38\u89c1\u52a8\u8bcd\u6709\uff1alike, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(\u8ba4\u4e3a),understand, remember, forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see. \u5982\uff1aI think it is going to snow.(\u6211\u60f3\u5929\u8981\u4e0b\u96ea\u4e86)/ I really hope you can enjoy your stay here.(\u6211\u771f\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u6109\u5feb\u5730\u5446\u5728\u8fd9\u513f)2. \u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6 \u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001,\u8fd9\u79cd\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6027,\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u2460\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u523b\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6,\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u6709\uff1aat (eight) (yesterday morning),(ten minutes) ago, when\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u5982\uff1aI got up at 6\uff1a00 this morning.(\u6211\u662f\u65e9\u4e0a\u516d\u70b9\u949f\u8d77\u5e8a\u7684)/ Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning.(\u5c0f\u6c64\u59c6\u4eca\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\u4e5d\u70b9\u534a\u628a\u7a97\u5b50\u6253\u7834\u4e86)/ When he went into the room,he saw a stranger talking with his father.(\u4ed6\u8d70\u8fdb\u623f\u95f4\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u6b63\u548c\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u8c08\u8bdd)\u2461\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4e0d\u77e5\u4f55\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6,\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u6709\uff1ayesterday, last (year\u7b49), in (1998 \u7b49),in the past\u3002\u5982\uff1aHe came to our city in the year 2000.(\u4ed62000\u5e74\u6765\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u5e02)\u2462\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u65f6,\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u6709\uff1alast\u2026, in\u2026, from\u2026to\u2026, for(10 years),often,usually, sometimes, always, never\u7b49\u3002\u5982\uff1aMr Jackson usually went to evening schools when he was young. / Every day he went to the rich man and borrowed books from him.\u2463\u3000\u8bb2\u6545\u4e8b\u3001\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u3001\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u660e\u767d\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7b49\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6,\u800c\u4e14\u7ecf\u5e38\u7701\u7565\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u3002\u5982\uff1aI happened to meet Rose in the street.(\u6211\u6b63\u597d\u5728\u8857\u4e0a\u9047\u5230\u9732\u897f)3. \u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6 \u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u6216\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u2460\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u6709\uff1atomorrow\uff0cthis (afternoon), next (year), one day, now, soon, someday, sometime, in the future, when\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u4ece\u53e5\u7b49\u3002\u2461\u7528will\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5c06\u6765\u65f6,\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u613f\u671b\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u201cshall\u201d\u7528\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0,\u201cwill\u201d \u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u79f0\u3002\u5982\uff1aI will graduate from this school soon.(\u6211\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u6240\u4e2d\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e86)/ You will stay alone after I leave.(\u6211\u8d70\u4e86\u4e4b\u540e\u4f60\u5c31\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8fc7\u4e86)\u2462\u201cam/is/are going to+\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u201d\u8868\u793a\u6253\u7b97\u6216\u51c6\u5907\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5,\u6216\u8005\u4e3b\u89c2\u5224\u65ad\u5373\u5c06\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002It\u2019s going to rain soon.(\u5929\u5feb\u8981\u4e0b\u96e8\u4e86)\u2463\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e34\u65f6\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b,\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528will\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u5982\uff1aI will go to the lab to get some chemicals(\u5316\u5b66\u836f\u5242). So please wait until I return.(\u6211\u8981\u5230\u5316\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u53bb\u53d6\u4e9b\u836f\u54c1,\u8bf7\u7b49\u6211\u56de\u5934)\u2464\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\u3002(\u89c1\u76f8\u5e94\u65f6\u6001)\u2465shall\u548cwill \u5728\u53e3\u8bed\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u4e2d\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002Shall\u4e00\u822c\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u8fde\u7528,will\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u79f0\u8fde\u7528\u3002\u5982\uff1aShall we go to the zoo next Saturday?(\u6211\u4eec\u4e0b\u5468\u516d\u53bb\u52a8\u7269\u56ed\u597d\u5417\uff1f)/ Will you please open the door for me?(\u66ff\u6211\u628a\u95e8\u6253\u5f00\u597d\u5417\uff1f)4. \u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6 \u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u662f\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u6b63\u53d1\u751f\u6b64\u523b\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u2460\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u7531\u201c\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcdbe (am is are ) +\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u201d\u6784\u6210\u3002\u2461\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u6709\uff1a now, this \u2026, these\u2026\u7b49,\u4f46\u7ecf\u5e38\u4e0d\u7528\u3002\u5982\uff1aWhat are you doing up in the tree?(\u4f60\u5728\u6811\u4e0a\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f)/ I am writing a long novel these days.(\u6211\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u5199\u4e00\u672c\u957f\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8bf4)\u2462\u8868\u793a\u5373\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c,\u4e00\u822c\u6307\u8fd1\u671f\u5b89\u6392\u597d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u6709\uff1acome, go, stay, leave, spend, do\u7b49\u3002\u5982\uff1aI\u2019m coming now.(\u6211\u5c31\u6765)/ What are you doing tomorrow?(\u4f60\u660e\u5929\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f)/ He is leaving soon.(\u4ed6\u5c31\u8981\u8d70\u4e86)\u2463\u8868\u793a\u9891\u7e41\u53d1\u751f\u6216\u53cd\u590d\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c,\u5e38\u4e0ealways\u7b49\u9891\u5ea6\u526f\u8bcd\u8fde\u7528,\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u8d5e\u626c\u3001\u4e0d\u6ee1\u6216\u8ba8\u538c\u7b49\u611f\u60c5\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u5982\uff1aHe is always borrowing money from me and forgetting all about it some time later.(\u4ed6\u8001\u662f\u5411\u6211\u501f\u94b1,\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u5fd8\u5f97\u4e00\u5e72\u4e8c\u51c0)5. \u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6 \u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u6216\u67d0\u9636\u6bb5\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u2460\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u7531\u201cwas(\u7b2c\u4e00\u3001\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570)\u6216were(\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\u548c\u5404\u4eba\u79f0\u7684\u590d\u6570)+\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u201d\u6784\u6210\u3002\u2461\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u6709\uff1athen, at that time, this time yesterday, at (eight) yesterday (morning),(a year) ago, \u4ee5\u53ca\u7531when\u5f15\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u5982\uff1aHe was cooking supper this time yesterday.(\u6628\u5929\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u665a\u996d)/ The little girl was playing with her toy when I saw her.(\u6211\u770b\u5230\u5c0f\u5973\u5b69\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5979\u6b63\u5728\u73a9\u73a9\u5177)\u2462\u7528\u4e8e\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u6216\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d,\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u4e3b\u53e5\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5ef6\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u957f\u3002\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u3002\u5982\uff1aShe saw it happen when she was walking past.(\u5979\u8def\u8fc7\u65f6\u770b\u5230\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u53d1\u751f)/ They sang a lot of songs while they were walking in the dark forest.(\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u9ed1\u6697\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u91cc\u8d70\u65f6\u5531\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6b4c)\u2463\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u9891\u7e41\u53d1\u751f\u6216\u53cd\u590d\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c,\u5e38\u4e0ealways\u7b49\u9891\u5ea6\u526f\u8bcd\u8fde\u7528,\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u8d5e\u626c\u3001\u4e0d\u6ee1\u6216\u8ba8\u538c\u7b49\u611f\u60c5\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u5982\uff1aHe was always borrowing money from me when he lived here.(\u4ed6\u4f4f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u65f6\u8001\u5411\u6211\u501f\u94b1)6. \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6 \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u3001\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u4ecd\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c,\u6216\u8868\u793a\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb,\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u73b0\u5728,\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u2460\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7531\u201c\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcdhave (has)+\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u201d\u6784\u6210\u3002\u2461\u8868\u793a\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u4ecd\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6,\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u6709\uff1aalready, yet, just, once, twice, ever, never, three times, before, in the past+\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002\u5982\uff1aI have never seen such fine pictures before. (\u6211\u4ee5\u524d\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e48\u597d\u7684\u753b)/ He has just gone to England.(\u4ed6\u521a\u53bb\u82f1\u56fd)\u2462\u8868\u793a\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u73b0\u5728(\u53ef\u80fd\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb)\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u65f6,\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u6709\uff1afor (two years),since 1990, since (two weeks ago)\u548csince\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u5982\uff1aI have been away from my hometown for thirty years.(\u6211\u79bb\u5f00\u5bb6\u4e61\u670930\u5e74\u4e86)/ Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened.(\u81ea\u4ece\u8fd9\u5bb6\u5de5\u5382\u5f00\u5f20,\u738b\u53d4\u53d4\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u90a3\u513f\u5de5\u4f5c)\u2463\u53e3\u8bed\u4e2dhave got\u5f80\u5f80\u8868\u793ahave(\u6709)\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u5982\uff1aThey have got thousands of books in their library.(\u4ed6\u4eec\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u6709\u4e0a\u4e07\u672c\u4e66)\u2464have been to\u4e0ehave gone to\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1ahave gone to(\u201c\u5df2\u7ecf\u53bb\u4e86\u201d)\u8868\u793a\u4eba\u4e0d\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc,have been to(\u201c\u53bb\u8fc7\u201d)\u8868\u793a\u4eba\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002\u5982\uff1a--Where is Mr. Li? \u2013He has gone to the UK. (\u674e\u5148\u751f\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f\u4ed6\u53bb\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u3002)/ --Do you know something about Beijing? \u2013Yes, I have been to Beijing three times. (\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5417\uff1f\u662f\u7684,\u6211\u53bb\u8fc7\u90a3\u91cc\u4e09\u6b21\u3002)\u2465\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u4e2d,\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ac\u95f4\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd(\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a8\u4f5c)\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7528, \u6b64\u65f6\u987b\u5c06\u8be5\u77ac\u95f4\u52a8\u8bcd\u6539\u4e3a\u5ef6\u7eed\u6027\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u578b\uff1aIt is/ has been + (\u591a\u4e45)+ since +\u4e3b\u8bed(\u4eba)+\u8c13\u8bed(\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6)+\u2026\u2026+\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed[\u6ce8\u610f] \u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7c7b\u4f3c\u95ee\u9898,\u8bb0\u4f4f,\u5173\u952e\u662f\uff1a\u77ac\u95f4\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u80fd\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7528\u3002\u5982\uff1aHow long may I keep the book?(\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6211\u80fd\u501f\u591a\u4e45\uff1f)(\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2dkeep\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86borrow)8. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6 \u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u67d0\u4e00\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u7b80\u8a00\u4e4b, \u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u201d\u3002\u2460\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7531\u201c\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcdhad+\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u201d\u6784\u6210\u3002\u2461\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u6709\uff1aby (yesterday), by then, by the end of (last\u2026)\u6216\u8005\u7531when, before\u7b49\u5f15\u51fa\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6709already, just, once, ever, never\u7b49\u8bcd\u8bed,\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709for\u2026 \u6216since\u2026\u6784\u6210\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u3002\u5982\uff1aThey had already finished cleaning the classroom when their teacher came.(\u5f53\u8001\u5e08\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u626b\u5b8c\u4e86\u6559\u5ba4)/ The woman had left before he realized she was a cheat.(\u5728\u4ed6\u53d1\u89c9\u90a3\u4e2a\u5987\u5973\u662f\u4e2a\u9a97\u5b50\u65f6\u5979\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d70\u6389\u4e86)\u2462\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u3001after\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d,\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u53e5\u662fbefore\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\uff1aAfter I had put on my shoes and hat, I walked into the darkness.(\u6211\u7a7f\u4e0a\u978b\u5b50\u6234\u4e0a\u5e3d\u5b50\u8d70\u8fdb\u4e86\u9ed1\u6697\u4e4b\u4e2d)/ He said that he had never seen a kangaroo before.(\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4ee5\u524d\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u89c1\u8fc7\u888b\u9f20)8. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6 \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u9884\u8ba1\u5c06\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u2460\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u7531\u201c\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcdshould(\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0)\u6216would(\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0)+\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u201d\u6784\u6210\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d,\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u7684\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e00\u5f8b\u7528\u201cwould +\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u201d\u3002\u2461\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u5e38\u7531\u4e8e\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d,\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u6709\uff1alater, soon, the next (day).\u2462\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6,\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u3002\u5982\uff1aHe promised that he would pay me a lot if I helped him with the project.(\u4ed6\u7b54\u5e94\u4ed8\u7ed9\u6211\u8bb8\u591a\u94b1\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u641e\u90a3\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee)/ Every time when he was free, he would sit down and read some books.(\u6bcf\u6b21\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u6709\u7a7a\u4ed6\u5c31\u4f1a\u5750\u4e0b\u6765\u770b\u770b\u4e66)\u2463\u8868\u793a\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u7528would\u6216should,\u8868\u793a\u6253\u7b97\u6216\u4e3b\u89c2\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7528was/were going to (+\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62)\u3002\u5982\uff1aShe told me she would be 18 the next month.(\u5979\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u5979\u4e0b\u4e2a\u6708\u5c3118\u5c81\u4e86)/ She told me that she was going to have a walk with her pet dog.(\u5979\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u5979\u6253\u7b97\u5e26\u5979\u7684\u5ba0\u7269\u72d7\u53bb\u6563\u6b65)\u2464\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7ecf\u5e38\u6027\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\uff1aWhen it rained in the day, he would bring an umbrella with him.(\u767d\u5929\u4e0b\u96e8\u65f6\u4ed6\u4f1a\u968f\u8eab\u5e26\u4e00\u628a\u96e8\u4f1e)

\u5341\u516d\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\uff1a \u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff1b \u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff1b \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff1b \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0e
\u4e00\u3001 \u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u7ecf\u5e38\u3001\u53cd\u590d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\u53ca\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u72b6\u51b5\u3002 2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1a Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month\u2026), once a week(day, year, month\u2026), on Sundays, 3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u52a8\u8bcd \u539f\u5f62 \uff08\u5982\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0a\u8981\u6539\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09 4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+am/is/are +not+\u5176\u4ed6; \u6b64\u65f6\u6001\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u82e5\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u5176\u524d\u52a0don't, \u5982\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u7528doesn't\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u539f\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002 5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1a\u628abe\u52a8\u8bcd\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\uff1b\u7528\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcddo\u63d0\u95ee\uff0c\u5982\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u7528does\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u539f\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002 6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aIt seldom snows here.\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f88\u5c11\u4e0b\u96ea\u3002 He is always ready to help others.\u4ed6\u603b\u662f\u4e50\u4e8e\u5e2e\u52a9\u522b\u4eba\u3002 Action speaks louder than words.\u4e8b\u5b9e\u80dc\u4e8e\u96c4\u8fa9\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001 \u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\uff1b\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u3001\u7ecf\u5e38\u6027\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month\u2026), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216be\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6+\u540d\u8bcd 4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+was/were +not+\u5176\u4ed6;\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u524d\u52a0didn't\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u539f\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002 5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1awas\u6216were\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\uff1b\u7528\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcddo\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0fdid \u63d0\u95ee\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u539f\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002 6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aShe often came to help us in those days.\u90a3\u4e9b\u5929\u5979\u7ecf\u5e38\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u3002 I didn't know you were so busy.\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u5fd9\u3002
\u4e09\u3001 \u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53ca\u6253\u7b97\u3001\u8ba1\u5212\u6216\u51c6\u5907\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b\u3002 2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aTomorrow, next day(week, month, year\u2026),soon, in a few minutes, by\u2026,the day after tomorrow, etc. 3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+am/is/are +going to + do+\u5176\u5b83\uff1b\u4e3b\u8bed+will/shall + do+\u5176\u5b83 4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+am/is/are not going to do \uff1b\u4e3b\u8bed+will/shall not do+\u5176\u5b83 5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1abe\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\uff1bwill/shall\u63d0\u5230\u53e5\u9996\u3002 6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aThey are going to have a competition with us in studies.\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u6709\u4e00\u573a\u6bd4\u8d5b\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u7814\u7a76\u3002 It is going to rain.\u5929\u8981\u4e0b\u96e8\u4e86\u3002
\u56db\u3001 \u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u7acb\u8db3\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u770b\u5c06\u6765\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u3002 2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aThe next day (morning, year\u2026),the following month(week\u2026),etc. 3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+was/were +going to + do+\u5176\u5b83\uff1b\u4e3b\u8bed+would/should + do+\u5176\u5b83 4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+was/were+not + going to + do; \u4e3b\u8bed+would/should + not + do. 5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1awas\u6216were\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\uff1bwould/should \u63d0\u5230\u53e5\u9996\u3002 6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aHe said he would go to Beijing the next day.\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4ed6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u8981\u53bb\u5317\u4eac\u3002 I asked who was going there.\u6211\u95ee\uff0c\u8c01\u8981\u53bb\u90a3\u91cc\u3002
\u4e94\u3001 \u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u6216\u8bf4\u8bdd\u65f6\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u53ca\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aNow, at this time, days, etc. look. listen 3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+be +doing +\u5176\u5b83 4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+be +not +doing+\u5176\u5b83 5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1a\u628abe\u52a8\u8bcd\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u3002 6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aHow are you feeling today?\u4f60\u4eca\u5929\u611f\u89c9\u5982\u4f55\uff1f He is doing well in his lessons.\u5728\u8bfe\u4e0a\u4ed6\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u3002
\u516d\u3001 \u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u6216\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002 2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aat this time yesterday, at that time\u6216\u4ee5when\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u7b49\u3002 3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784 \u4e3b\u8bed+was/were +doing +\u5176\u5b83 4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+was/were + not +doing+\u5176\u5b83 5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1a\u628awas\u6216were\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u3002(\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u5927\u5199\uff09 6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aAt that time she was working in a PLA unit.\u90a3\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5979\u5728\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.\u4ed6\u8fdb\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u8bfb\u62a5\u7eb8\u3002
\u4e03\u3001 \u5c06\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u6216\u8868\u793a\u8981\u5728\u5c06\u6765\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5e76\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8be2\u95ee\u3001en211 \u8bf7\u6c42\u7b49\u3002 2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aSoon, tomorrow, this evening\uff0con Sunday, by this time\uff0cin two days, tomorrow evening 3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+shall/will + be +\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd+\u5176\u5b83 4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+shall/will + not + be +\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd+\u5176\u5b83 5.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aThis time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.\u4e0b\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u5750\u5728\u7535\u5f71\u9662\u3002 He won\u2019t be coming to the party.\u4ed6\u4e0d\u53bb\u53c2\u52a0\u805a\u4f1a\u4e86\u3002
\u516b\u3001 \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5c31\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u8a00,\u5c06\u6765\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u6216\u67d0\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c,\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d,\u5c24\u5176\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u95f4\u63a5\u5f15\u8bed\u4e2d\u3002 2.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1ashould/would + be +\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd 3.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aThey said they would be coming.\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u8981\u6765\u3002 He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting.\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4e0d\u80fd\u6765\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u5f00\u4f1a\u3002
\u4e5d\u3001 \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u6216\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6216\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6216\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u3002 2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1ayet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\uff0cfor+\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\uff0crecently, lately, in the past few years, etc. 3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+have/has +p.p\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff09+\u5176\u5b83 4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+have/has + not +p.p\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff09+\u5176\u5b83 5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1ahave\u6216has\u3002 6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI've written an article.\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u3002 The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u519c\u6751\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002
\u5341\u3001 \u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u4ee5\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4ee5\u524d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u201d\u3002 2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aBefore, by the end of last year (term, month\u2026), etc. 3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+had + p.p\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff09+\u5176\u5b83 4.\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+had + not +p.p\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff09+\u5176\u5b83 5.\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1ahad\u653e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u3002 6.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aAs soon as we got to the station, the train had left.\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5230\u8f66\u7ad9\u7684\u65f6\u5019,\u706b\u8f66\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u8d70\u4e86\u3002 By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books.\u5230\u4e0a\u4e2a\u6708\u5e95\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e86\u56db\u672c\u4e66\u3002 \u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+had+p.p\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff09+\u5176\u5b83 \u2460\u80af\u5b9a\u53e5\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+ had+p.p\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff09+\u5176\u5b83 \u2461\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+ had+ not+p.p\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff09+\u5176\u5b83 \u2462\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1aHad+\u4e3b\u8bed+p.p\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff09+\u5176\u5b83 \u2463\u7279\u6b8a\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1a\u7279\u6b8a\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd+\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5
\u5341\u4e00\u3001 \u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5728\u5c06\u6765\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u4e4b\u524d\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001 2.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1aby the time of; by the end of+\u65f6\u95f4\u77ed\u8bed\uff08\u5c06\u6765\uff09;by the time+\u4ece\u53e5\uff08\u5c06\u6765\uff09 3.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff09+\u5176\u5b83 4\u4f8b\u53e5:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.\u5230\u4f60\u56de\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5019,\u5c31\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002
\u5341\u4e8c\u3001 \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u5c06\u6765\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u4ee5\u524d\u6240\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u5728\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u4e2d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u3002 2.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1ashould/would have done sth. 3.\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aI thought you'd have left by this time.\u6211\u60f3\u8fd9\u4f1a\u513f\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d70\u4e86\u3002 He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.\u4ed6\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ed6\u4f1a\u57288\u70b9\u4ee5\u524d\u5e72\u5b8c\u3002
\u5341\u4e09\u3001 \u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u52a8\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u521a\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u5c06\u6765\u3002 2.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+have/has +been +doing+\u5176\u5b83 3.\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff1asince+\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\uff0cfor+\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u7b49\u3002 4.\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1aI have been sitting here for an hour.\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5750\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002 The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.\u4ece6\u70b9\u8d77\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u770b\u7535\u89c6\u3002
\u5341\u56db\u3001 \u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u67d0\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u8fd8\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u624d\u7ed3\u675f\u3002 2.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+ had + been + doing +\u5176\u5b83 3.\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1aShe had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.\u5979\u5728\u8003\u8bd5\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u60a3\u91cd\u611f\u5192\u3002 Had they been expecting the news for some time?\u4ed6\u4eec\u671f\u5f85\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4e86\u5427\uff1f 4.\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49\uff1a\u2460\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\uff1aHe had been writing the novel.\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5199\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e86\u3002\uff08\u4ed6\u6ca1\u5199\u5b8c\uff09 \u2461\u4f01\u56fe\uff1aHe had been studying the meaning of this proverb.\u4ed6\u66fe\u7ecf\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8c1a\u8bed\u3002\uff08\u4ed6\u66fe\u52aa\u529b\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u5b83\uff09 \u2462\u672a\u5f97\u7ed3\u679c\uff1aWe had been studying what our enemy had said.\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u654c\u4eba\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u3002\uff08\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u89e3\uff09 \u2463\u6700\u8fd1\u60c5\u51b5\uff1aHe had been quarrelling with his wife.\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u5435\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u67b6\u3002\uff08\u6700\u8fd1\uff09 \u2464\u53cd\u590d\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1aHe had been asking me the same question.\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u95ee\u6211\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\uff08\u5c61\u6b21\uff09 \u2465\u60c5\u7eea\uff1aWhat had he been doing\uff1f\u4ed6\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\uff08\u4e0d\u8010\u70e6\uff09
\u5341\u4e94\u3001 \u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u4ece\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u5c06\u6765\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u662f\u5426\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u8981\u89c6\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u800c\u5b9a\u3002 2.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1ashall/will have been doing 3.\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1aI shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.\u5230\u4eca\u5e74\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5382\u5de5\u4f5c20\u5e74\u4e86\u3002 If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there. \u54b1\u4eec\u5982\u4e0d\u5feb\u4e00\u70b9\u513f\uff0c\u7b49\u6211\u4eec\u5230\u4e86\u90a3\u513f\uff0c\u5e97\u95e8\u5c31\u4f1a\u5173\u4e86\u3002
\u5341\u516d\u3001 \u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6
1.\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u65f6\u770b\u81f3\u672a\u6765\u67d0\u65f6\u4ee5\u524d\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002 2.\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1ashould/would + have + been +\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd 3.\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1aHe told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.\u4ed6\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff0c\u5230\u5e74\u5e95\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5728\u90a3\u4f4f\u4e8630\u5e74\u4e86\u3002

\u8f6c\u81ea\u767e\u5ea6\uff0c\u697c\u4e3b\u6162\u6162\u7814\u7a76

一、动词时态
英语的动词在表示不同时间里发生的行为或存在的状态时，要用不同的形式来表示。英语的时态从时间上来看，可分为“现在”，“过去”，“将来“和”过去将来“四大类。动词共有十六种不同时态，但常用的时态有八种。

（一） 一般现在时

一般现在时表示经常发生的动作（习惯性的动作）或存在的状态，句中常用always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every day等时间状语。
例如：
1） He goes to school at seven o’clock every day.
2） The sun rises in the east.

（二） 一般过去时

一般过去时主要用于表示过去的动作、行为或状态，句中常有yesterday, ago, in 1989, once, last week (month, year), at that time, just now 等时间状语。
例如：
1） He was born in 1989.
2） I used to play football when I was young.

（三）一般将来时

英语动词表示将来时间有多种形式，其共同特点是句中常有表示将来时间的状语，如：tomorrow, next week, in a week等
例如：
1） We will visit the science museum next week.
2） We are going to discuss the problem tomorrow.

（四）现在进行时

现在进行时表示现在时刻正在进行的动作或表示现阶段正在做的事情，句中常与now, at this moment等时间状语连用。
例如：
1） The boy is playing video games.
2） His father is writing a novel these days.

（五）现在完成时

现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态，或还要延续下去，句中常用since, for, yet, already等表示一段时间的状语。
例如：
1） Great changes have taken place in China since 1980.
2） He has been in this factory for five years.

（六）过去进行时

过去进行时表示在过去某个时候正在进行的动作或过去某个阶段正在做的事情。
例如：
1） He was reading an interesting book this time yesterday.
2） When I came in, they were having supper.

（七）过去完成时

表示在过去某个时刻前已经发生的动作或状态，或者从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到过去另一时刻的动作或状态。
例如：
1） By the end of last year, we had learned more than 2,000 English words.
2） My teacher had taught in that school for ten years before she came here.

（八）过去将来时

过去将来时表示从过去的观点来预计以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，这种时态常用于宾语从句当中，主句中的谓语动词一般是过去时。
例如：
1） He said that he would study harder than before.
2） He didn’t tell me when he would go.

二、被动语态
（一）被动语态的构成

英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be必须与主语的人称和数保持一致，并有时态的变化。例如：
The man was fooled by the two boys.
The book has been translated into several languages.

（二）被动语态的用法

（1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如：
Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.
The new test book will be used next term.
（2）当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如：
This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.
The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.
（3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语，间接宾语前则需加介词to 或for。
例如：The pianist gave the pupils some advice.
间接宾语 直接宾语
→The pupils were given some advice by the pianist.
→Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.
(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。
例如：The boss made them work ten hours a day.
→They were made to work ten hours a day by the boss.
A boy saw him enter the house.
→He was seen to enter the house.

（三）被动语态的时态

（1） 一般现在时
构成：助动词am/ is/are + 动词的过去分词
例如：This kind of car is made in Shanghai.
English is spoken in many countries.
(2) 一般过去时
构成：助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词
例如：The bridge was built in 1992.
Was this novel written by his father?
(3) 一般将来时
构成：will be 或be going to + be + 动词的过去分词
例如：These books are going to be posted tomorrow.
The baby will be taken good care of in the hospital.
(4) 现在完成时
构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词
例如：Has his work been finished?
We haven’t been invited to the party.
(5) 现在进行时
构成：be + being + 动词的过去分词
例如：A new bridge is being built in my hometown.
The problem is being discussed by the students.
补充说明：带有情态动词的被动语态
构成：情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词
例如：Can this walkman be repaired here?
Your composition must be handed in tomorrow.

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