烷烃共价键数目怎么算
共价键数目公式3n十1。每个碳原子与邻近原子之间的共价键数目则可以通过碳原子周围氢原子数目减去1的方法求得。绛旓細6.5NA銆傜粨鍚鐑风儍缁撴瀯鍒嗘瀽锛璁＄畻1mol寮備竵鐑蜂腑锛屽惈鍏变环閿暟鐩=1mol脳锛4-1+10锛壝桸A=13NA锛屽緱鐭0.5mol寮備竵鐑蜂腑鍚湁鍏变环閿暟涓6.5NA銆傚彟澶栵紝姣忎釜纰冲師瀛愬懆鍥磋繕鍙戠敓浜嗕笌姘㈠師瀛愮殑鍖栧閿舰鎴愶紝涓鍏卞舰鎴愪簡6涓崟閿
绛旓細涓夈璁＄畻 鐢卞浘鍙槑纭緱鐭ワ紝姣忎釜姘㈤兘鍙湁涓涓敭锛22涓阿鍏辫22涓敭锛岀⒊涓庣⒊涔嬮棿閮藉彧鏈変竴涓敭锛10涓⒊涔嬮棿鍏辫9涓敭锛22+9=31锛堜釜锛夛紱鍥涖佽寰 杩欑被鐗╄川锛鐑风儍鎴楗卞拰鐑锛夛紝鍥犲叾鍖栧寮忛兘鍙〃绀轰负C(n锛塇(2n+2)锛屾墍浠ュ叾鎬閿暟鐨勮〃杈惧紡涓猴細閿暟N=(2n+2)+(n-1)鈥斺旓紙n涓鸿鐗╄川鐨勪竴涓...
绛旓細锛1锛鐑风儍鏈壪冮敭锛涙病鏈壪閿紒锛2锛塁nH2n+2 鐑风儍鐨勏冮敭鏈(4n + 2n +2)/2 == ( 3n+1)涓!
绛旓細浠鐑风儍鐨勭粍鎴愪负C n H 2n+2 锛屽惈鏈夌殑鍏变环閿暟鐩涓3n+1锛岃鐑风儍鏈22涓叡浠烽敭锛屽垯锛 3n+1=22锛岃В寰楋紝n=7 鎵浠ヨ鐑风儍涓⒊鍘熷瓙鏁扮洰涓7锛屽垎瀛愬紡涓篊 7 H 16 锛庤鐑冪粨鏋勭畝寮忎腑鍚湁3涓敳鍩猴紝鍒欒鐑风儍鍙湁1涓敮閾撅紟 鑻ユ敮閾句负-CH 3 锛屼富閾惧惈鏈6涓⒊鍘熷瓙锛岀鍚堟潯浠舵湁锛欳H 3 CH锛圕H 3 ...
绛旓細鏄竴鏍风殑銆鐑风儍鍒嗗瓙涓鍏变环閿暟涓2n+2+(n-1)=3n+1銆傚垎瀛愪腑姣忔湁涓涓幆鎴栬呬竴涓弻閿紝鍒欏噺灏戜竴涓敭銆
绛旓細鐑风儍鐨勯氬紡鏄疌nH2n+2,鍥犳C-H閿槸2n+2涓紝C-C閿槸n-1涓紝鎬昏鏈3n+1涓紝3n+1=22,鍒檔=7锛屽垎瀛愬紡涓篊7H16
绛旓細C12H24鏄儻鐑冩垨鐜兎鐑冦傜儻鐑冩垨鐜兎鐑冿紙CnH2n锛夌殑鍏变环閿暟锛3n 鎵浠1molC12H24鍒嗗瓙涓,鍏变环閿绘暟涓猴細3*12=36NA 娉細3n鏄敱鏁板鏂规硶姹傚嚭鐨勩傚鐑风儍锛 CH3-CH2-CH2---CH2-CH3 浠庝笂寮忓彲浠ョ湅鍑猴紝绗竴涓狢涓婃湁3涓叡浠烽敭锛屾渶鍚庝竴涓狢澶氫竴涓叡浠烽敭锛屾墍浠鐑风儍鍏变环閿绘暟涓3n+1锛岀儻鐑冩槸鏈変竴涓弻閿...
绛旓細鐑风儍鍏变环閿鏉℃暟锛3n+1 鍏朵腑n涓狢褰㈡垚n-1鏉″叡浠烽敭锛堥潪鏋佹у叡浠烽敭锛夊墿浣欑殑閮芥槸C-H閿紙鏋佹у叡浠烽敭锛夛紝灏辨槸涓嶩鍘熷瓙鐨勪釜鏁鐩哥瓑 涓婇潰鏄荤殑鍐呭銆傚繁鐑凤細C6H14 绛旀锛19NA 14NA 5NA
绛旓細绛旀锛欳7H16,涓哄簹鐑风殑鍚屽垎寮傛瀯浣撱傝В鏋愶細鐑风儍閫氬紡涓篊nH锛2n+2锛夋瘡涓狧涓嶤闂存湁涓涓鍏变环閿,鍒欐湁(2n+2)涓叡浠烽敭 纰抽摼闂存湁锛坣-1)涓叡浠烽敭 (2n+2)+锛坣-1锛=22 鎵浠=7 鍒嗗瓙寮廋7H16,涓哄簹鐑峰悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋銆
绛旓細涓夈璁＄畻 鐢卞浘鍙槑纭緱鐭ワ紝姣忎釜姘㈤兘鍙湁涓涓敭锛22涓阿鍏辫22涓敭锛岀⒊涓庣⒊涔嬮棿閮藉彧鏈変竴涓敭锛10涓⒊涔嬮棿鍏辫9涓敭锛22+9=31锛堜釜锛夛紱鍥涖佽寰 杩欑被鐗╄川锛鐑风儍鎴楗卞拰鐑锛夛紝鍥犲叾鍖栧寮忛兘鍙〃绀轰负C(n锛塇(2n+2)锛屾墍浠ュ叾鎬閿暟鐨勮〃杈惧紡涓猴細閿暟N=(2n+2)+(n-1)鈥斺旓紙n涓鸿鐗╄川鐨勪竴涓...
