六国论，秦国论
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《六国论》观点是 六国破灭，非兵不利，战不善，弊在赂秦。而《过秦论》一文，中心论点放在全文的最后一句：“仁义不施而攻守之势异也。” ,“仁义不施而攻守之势异也。”这句文言，翻译过来是，秦始皇不施行仁义，才使攻守之势起了变化，由攻势转为守势。
因此，“仁义不施”是原因，“攻守之势异也”是结果。
这句话是从反面总结出历史教训，来劝谏西汉统治者，如果从正面讲，秦要想使其攻与守的形势不发生相反的变化，就得施行仁义政策。
用形象的语言来说是：马上得天下，却不能马上治天下。这就是说：不可失掉民心，过分迷信武力。
因此，对于中国历史上第一个统一的国家秦帝国的灭亡的原因，归纳为两字“暴政”（残暴）。
苏洵睹之心忧，忧而思救，以为这和战国六国以地赂秦相比，有过之而无不及，下场更加不堪设想，于是写下了这篇醒世文章，论六国灭亡之道，讽谏宋王朝以六国为鉴戒，不为外族“积威之所劫”，要“礼天下之奇才”，上下团结一心，抵御外侮，以维护和巩固宋王朝的统治。
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