将含有C、H、O的有机物4.88g，装入元素分析装置，通入足量的O2使它完全燃烧，将生成的气体依次通过氯化钙
\u5c06\u542b\u6709C.H\u3001O\u7684\u6709\u673a\u72693.24 g,\u88c5\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u6790\u88c5\u7f6e,\u901a\u5165\u8db3\u91cf\u7684O2\u4f7f\u5b83\u5b8c\u5168\u71c3\u70e7,\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u5982\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6709\u673a\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\u540e\u751f\u4ea7\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u548c\u6c34\u3002
\u901a\u8fc7\u6c2f\u5316\u9499\u5e72\u71e5\u7ba1A\u65f6\uff0c\u5438\u6536\u7684\u662f\u6c34\u3002\u589e\u91cd\u4e3a2.16\u514b\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e862.16\u514b\u7684\u6c34\u3002\u53ef\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa3.24\u514b\u8be5\u6709\u673a\u7269\u4e2d\u542b\u6c22\u7684\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1a2.16*2/18 = 0.24 \u514b\u3002
\u78b1\u77f3\u7070\u5e72\u71e5\u7ba1\u5438\u6536\u7684\u662f\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002\u8be5\u7ba1\u589e\u91cd\u4e3a9.24\u514b\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e869.24\u514b\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002\u53ef\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa3.24\u514b\u8be5\u6709\u673a\u7269\u4e2d\u542b\u78b3\u7684\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1a 9.24*12/44 = 2.52\u514b\u3002
\u6700\u540e\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa\u8be5\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u542b\u6c27\u7684\u8d28\u91cf \uff1d 3.24 -0.24 -2.52 = 0.48\u514b\u3002
3.24\u514b\u8be5\u6709\u673a\u7269\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u71c3\u70e7\uff0c\u751f\u62102.16\u514b\u6c34\u548c9.24\u514b\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u6c27\u7684\u91cf\u3002\u6240\u4ee5
\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u6c27\u7684\u8d28\u91cf \uff1d 2.16 + 9.24 - 3.24 = 8.16 \u514b
\u8be5\u6709\u673a\u7269\u4e2d\u542b\u78b32.52\u514b\uff0c\u6c22 0.24 \u514b\uff0c\u6c27 0.48\u514b\uff0c\u53ef\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa\u5206\u5b50\u4e2dCHO\u539f\u5b50\u4e2a\u6570\u6bd4\u4e3a\uff1a7\uff1a8\uff1a1
\u5176\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1aC7H8O
\u5bf9\u4e0a\u9762\u95ee\u9898\u9a8c\u8bc1
2C7H8O + 17O2 = 14CO2 + 8H2O
216 544
3.24 X
x = 8.16
\u8be5\u5316\u5408\u7269\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f9f\u57fa\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u5316\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u6709\u56db\u79cd\uff1a
\u5355\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0cPhCH2OH\uff0c\u82c4\u9187\uff0c\u5373\u82ef\u73af\u4e0a\u8fde\u4e9a\u7532\u57fa\uff0c\u4e9a\u7532\u57fa\u4e0a\u8fde\u7f9f\u57fa\uff0cPh\u4ee3\u8868\u82ef\u73af\u3002\u6216\u8868\u793a\u4e3aC6H5CH2OH
\u4e8c\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e3a\u7532\u57fa\u82ef\u915a\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u90bb\u3001\u95f4\u3001\u5bf9\u7532\u57fa\u82ef\u915a\uff1a
CH3C6H4OH, \u7532\u57fa\u548c\u7f9f\u57fa\u5206\u522b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u90bb\u4f4d\u3001\u95f4\u4f4d\u548c\u5bf9\u4f4d\u3002
\u6c2f\u5316\u9499\u5e72\u71e5\u7ba1B\u589e\u91cd3.6g\u4e3a\u6c34\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c6g\u8be5\u6709\u673a\u7269\u4e2d\u542b\u6c22\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a3.6g\u00d7218=0.4g\uff1b\u78b1\u77f3\u7070\u5e72\u71e5\u7ba1C\u589e\u91cd8.8g\u4e3a\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u52196g\u8be5\u6709\u673a\u7269\u4e2d\u542b\u78b3\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a8.8g\u00d71244=2.4g\uff1b\u800c\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a6g\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u6c27\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6c27\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8d28\u91cf6g-0.4g-2.4g=3.2g\uff0c6g\u6709\u673a\u7269A\u4e2dC\u3001H\u3001O\u539f\u5b50\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u4e4b\u6bd4\u4e3a2.412\uff1a0.41\uff1a3.216=2\uff1a4\uff1a2\uff0c\u8be5\u6709\u673a\u7269\u6700\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH2O\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff08CH2O\uff09n\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u7269A\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a60\uff0c\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a60g/mol\uff0c\u521930n=60\uff0cn=2\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3aC2H4O2\uff0c\u53c8\u56e0\u4e3a\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6c22\u8c31\u4e2d\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3aCH2\uff08OH\uff09CHO\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3aCH3COOH\uff1b\u6545\u9009\uff1aC\uff0e
（1）氯化钙吸水质量增加2.16g，即生成水| 2.16g |
| 18g/mol |
碱石灰吸CO2增加12.32g，即生成二氧化碳
| 12.32g |
| 44g/mol |
该有机物物质的量为
| 4.88g |
| 122g/mol |
所以含C：
| 0.28mol |
| 0.04mol |
含H：
| 0.24mol |
| 0.04mol |
根据相对分子质量判断，还应含O：
| 122?12×7?6 |
| 16 |
所以有机物的分子式为：C7H6O2，
故答案为：C7H6O2；
（2）如果该有机物1个分子中存在1个苯环和1个侧链，可能为苯甲酸或甲酸苯酚酯，结构简式为、，故答案为：、．
绛旓細鍚H锛 0.24mol 0.04mol =6锛屾牴鎹浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忓垽鏂紝杩樺簲鍚玂锛 122-12脳7-6 16 =2锛屾墍浠鏈夋満鐗鐨勫垎瀛愬紡涓猴細C 7 H 6 O 2 锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細C 7 H 6 O 2 锛涳紙2锛夊鏋滆鏈夋満鐗1涓垎瀛愪腑瀛樺湪1涓嫰鐜拰1涓晶閾撅紝鍙兘涓鸿嫰鐢查吀鎴栫敳閰歌嫰閰氶叝锛岀粨鏋勭畝寮忎负 銆 锛屾晠绛...
绛旓細鎵浠ヨ鏈夋満鐗鐨勭粍鎴愭槸C銆丠銆丱锛岃绠楀彲寰楋紝璇ユ湁鏈虹墿涓惈鏈塁 0锛1mol锛孒 0锛4mol锛屽惈鏈塐 0锛1mol锛屾墍浠ョ浉搴旂殑鍏冪礌璐ㄩ噺姣斾负锛欳锛欻锛歄锛3:1:4
绛旓細10.8姘翠腑鍚獺涓1.2,13.2涓鍚獵涓3.6锛孋+H鎬荤殑涓4.8銆傚垯9.6-4.8=4.8涓O
绛旓細H銆丱鍘熷瓙鐗╄川鐨勯噺涔嬫瘮=0.15mol锛0.4mol锛0.05mol=3锛8锛1锛屾晠璇鏈夋満鐗鏈绠寮忎负C3H8O锛屾阿鍘熷瓙鏁扮洰浠ヤ娇3涓⒊鍘熷瓙楗卞拰锛屾晠鏈绠寮忓嵆涓哄垎瀛愬紡锛屽嵆璇ユ湁鏈虹墿鍒嗗瓙寮忎负C3H8O锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細C3H8O锛涳紙3锛夎鍖栧悎鐗╄兘涓庨挔鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚H2锛
绛旓細鍒欒鏈夋満鐗涓鍚湁C鍘熷瓙鐨勪釜鏁2锛屾墍浠ユ湁鏈虹墿涓簲鍚湁O鍘熷瓙涓暟涓 46-2脳12-6脳1 16 =1锛屾墍浠ユ湁鏈虹墿鐨勫垎瀛愬紡涓篊 2 H 6 O锛璇ョ墿璐ㄤ笉鑳戒笌閲戝睘閽犲弽搴旓紝鍒欏垎瀛愪腑涓嶅惈-OH锛搴斾负锛CH 3 -O-CH 3 锛庣瓟锛氭湁鏈虹墿鐨勫垎瀛愬紡涓篊 2 H 6 O锛岀粨鏋勭畝寮忎负CH 3 -O-CH 3 锛
绛旓細4.灏嗗惈鏈塁.H銆O鐨勬湁鏈虹墿3.24 g,瑁呭叆鍏冪礌鍒嗘瀽瑁呯疆,閫氬叆瓒抽噺鐨凮2浣垮畠瀹屽叏鐕冪儳,灏嗙敓鎴愮殑姘斾綋渚濇閫氳繃姘寲閽欏共鐕ョA鍜岀⒈鐭崇伆骞茬嚗绠銆傛祴寰桝绠¤川閲忓鍔犱簡2.16g,B绠″鍔犱簡9.24g銆傚凡鐭ヨ鏈夋満鐗╃殑鐩稿鍒嗗瓙璐ㄩ噺涓108銆 鈶寸噧鐑ф鍖栧悎鐗3.24g,椤绘秷鑰楁哀姘旂殑璐ㄩ噺鏄灏? 鈶垫眰姝ゅ寲鍚堢墿鐨勫垎瀛愬紡? 鈶惰鍖栧悎鐗1鍒嗗瓙涓...
绛旓細CO2: 4.4/44=0.1mol H2O: 3.6/18=0.2mol O2:4.48/22.4=0.2mol CO: m=3+6.4-4.4-3.6=1.4g CO: 1.4/28=0.05mol C:H:O=0.15:0.4:0.05=3:8:1 CH2CH2CH2OH
绛旓細鏈鍚庢槸鍚告敹灏炬皵銆3.6g姘村拰4.4gCO2涓垎鍒惈鏈3.2g姘у厓绱犮傚洜姝ゆ瘮涔嬪墠鍙備笌鍙嶅簲鐨勬哀姘旂殑璐ㄩ噺澶氫簡1.6g銆傛墍浠ュ師鏉鏈夋満鐗涓惈鏈夋哀鍏冪礌1.6g銆3.6g姘翠腑m(H)=3.6梅18脳2=0.4g 4.4gCO2涓璵(C)=4.4梅44脳12=1.2g m(C)锛歮(H)锛歮(O)=1.2锛0.4锛1.6=3锛1锛4 ...
绛旓細鎵浠ヨ繖绉鏈夋満鐗鐢C,H,O涓夌鍏冪礌缁勬垚.璇ユ湁鏈虹墿涓惈纰冲厓绱犵殑璐ㄩ噺涓:4.4g-3.2g=1.2g 姘㈠厓绱犵殑璐ㄩ噺涓:3.6g-3.2g=0.4g 鎵浠ョ⒊銆佹阿銆佹哀鍏冪礌鐨勮川閲忔瘮涓1.2g:0.4g:1.6g=3:1:4 骞跺彲浠ユ帹鏂嚭璇ョ墿璐ㄤ负鐢查唶CH3OH 瑙ｉ鎬濊矾:鍏堟牴鎹川閲忓畧鎭掑畾寰嬫眰鍑烘湭鐭ュ弽搴旂墿涓竴瀹鍚湁鐨鍏冪礌,鍐嶈绠楀弽搴斾腑...
绛旓細纰虫阿姘у師瀛愪釜鏁版瘮涓猴細2.52/12 锛0.24/1 锛0.48/16 = 0.21 锛 0.24 锛 0.03 鍚岄櫎浠0.03 = 7 锛 8 锛 1 (1)璇鏈夋満鐗鍒嗗瓙寮忎负C7H8O (2)姘ф皵鐨勮川閲忎负x.2C7H8O +17O2===14CO2+8H2O 2脳108 17脳32 3.24g x=8.16g ...
