一品官到九品官的衣服上分别刻得是什么动物? 服装基本知识

\u751f\u6d3b\u5c0f\u5e38\u8bc6

\u5e38\u8bc6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u77e2\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u968f\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5e38\u8bc6\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u7528\u5728\u65e7\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5708\u5b50\u6216\u8005\u56fd\u5bb6\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5e38\u8bc6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u5b83\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5e38\u8bc6\u5177\u4f53\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u5171\u8bc6\u3002

\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f04\u660e\u767d\u5c31OK\u62c9\u3002A \u8272\u7262\u5ea6\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9879\u76ee
COLOURFASTNESS TESTS
\u7682\u6d17\u7262\u5ea6 washing

\u6469\u64e6\u7262\u5ea6 rubbing/crocking

\u6c57\u6e0d\u7262\u5ea6 perspiration

\u5e72\u6d17\u7262\u5ea6 drycleaning

\u5149\u7167\u7262\u5ea6 light

\u6c34\u6e0d\u7262\u5ea6 water

\u6c2f\u6f02\u767d chlorine bleach spotting

\u975e\u6c2f\u6f02\u767d non-chlorine bleach

\u6f02\u767d bleaching

\u5b9e\u9645\u6d17\u6da4\uff08\u6c34\u6d17\u4e00\u6b21\uff09 actual laundering (one wash)

\u6c2f\u5316\u6c34 chlorinated water

\u542b\u6c2f\u6cf3\u6c60\u6c34 chlorinated pool water

\u6d77\u6c34 sea-water

\u9178\u6591 acid spotting

\u78b1\u6591 alkaline spotting

\u6c34\u6591 water spotting

\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u5242 organic solvent

\u716e\u5462 potting

\u6e7f\u6001\u5149\u7262\u5ea6 wet light

\u67d3\u6599\u8f6c\u79fb dye transfer

\u70ed\uff08\u5e72\u6001\uff09 dry heat

\u70ed\u538b hot pressing

\u5370\u82b1\u7262\u5ea6 print durability

\u81ed\u6c27 ozone

\u70df\u718f burnt gas fumes

\u7531\u915a\u7c7b\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u9ec4\u5316 phenolic yellowing

\u553e\u6db2\u53ca\u6c57\u6db2 saliva and perspiration


B \u5c3a\u5bf8\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff08\u7f29\u6c34\u7387\uff09\u53ca\u6709\u5173\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9879\u76ee\uff08\u7ec7\u7269\u548c\u6210\u8863\uff09

DIMENSIONAL STABILITY (SHRINKAGE) AND RELATED TESTS (FABRIC & GARMENT)

\u7682\u6d17\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027 dimensional stability to washing (washing shrinkage)

\u6d17\u6da4/\u624b\u6d17\u540e\u7684\u5916\u89c2 appearance after laundering / hand wash

\u70ed\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027 dimensional stability to heating

\u71a8\u70eb\u540e\u5916\u89c2 appearance after ironing

\u5546\u4e1a\u5e72\u6d17\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027 dimensional stability to commercial drycleaning (drycleaning shrinkage)

\u5546\u4e1a\u5e72\u6d17\u540e\u5916\u89c2(\u5916\u89c2\u4fdd\u6301\u6027\uff09 appearance after commercial drycleaning (appearance retention)

\u84b8\u6c7d\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027 dimensional stability to steaming

\u677e\u5f1b\u53ca\u6be1\u5316 dimensional stabilty to relaxation and felting

\u7f1d\u7eab\u7ebf\u5f62\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027 dimensional stability for sewing thread


C \u5f3a\u529b\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9879\u76ee
STRENGTH TESTS

\u62c9\u4f38\u5f3a\u529b tensile strength

\u6495\u7834\u5f3a\u529b tear strength

\u9876\u7834\u5f3a\u529b bursting strength

\u63a5\u7f1d\u6027\u80fd seam properties

\u53cc\u5c42\u7ec7\u7269\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u5f3a\u529b bonding strength of laminated fabric

\u6d82\u5c42\u7ec7\u7269\u7684\u7c98\u5408\u5f3a\u529b adhesion strength of coated fabric

\u5355\u7eb1\u5f3a\u529b single thread strength

\u7f15\u7eb1\u5f3a\u529b lea strength

\u94a9\u63a5\u5f3a\u529b loop strength

\u7ea4\u7ef4\u548c\u7eb1\u7684\u97e7\u6027 tenacity of fibres and yarn


D \u7ec7\u7269\u673a\u6784\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9879\u76ee FABRIC CONSTRUC.....

D \u7ec7\u7269\u673a\u6784\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9879\u76ee
FABRIC CONSTRUCTION TESTS

\u7ec7\u7269\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08\u673a\u7ec7\u7269) threads per unit length (woven fabric construction)

\u7ec7\u7269\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08\u9488\u7ec7\u7269) stitch density (knittted fabric)

\u7eb1\u7ebf\u652f\u6570 counts of yarn

\u7eb1\u7ebf\u7ea4\u5ea6\uff08\u539f\u6837\uff09 denier counts as received

\u7ec7\u7269\u5e45\u5bbd fabric width

\u7ec7\u7269\u514b\u91cd fabric weight

\u9488\u7ec7\u7269\u7ebf\u5708\u957f\u5ea6 loop length of knitted fabric

\u7eb1\u7ebf\u5377\u66f2\u6216\u7ec7\u7f29\u7387 crimp or take-up of yarn

\u5272\u7ed2\u79cd\u7c7b type of cut pile

\u7ec7\u9020\u79cd\u7c7b type of weave

\u68ad\u7ec7\u7269\u7eac\u5411\u6b6a\u659c\u5ea6 distortion in bowed and skewed fabrics (report as received and after one wash)

\u5708\u957f\u6bd4 terry to ground ratio

\u7ec7\u7269\u539a\u5ea6 fabric thickness


E \u6210\u5206\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u6790\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9879\u76ee
COMPOSITION AND OTHER ANALYTICAL TESTS

\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6210\u5206 fibre composition

\u67d3\u6599\u8bc6\u522b dyestuff identification

\u975b\u84dd\u67d3\u6599\u7eaf\u5ea6 purity of indigo

\u542b\u6c34\u7387 moisture content

\u53ef\u8403\u53d6\u7269\u8d28 extractable matter

\u586b\u5145\u6599\u548c\u6742\u8d28\u542b\u91cf filling and foreign matter content

\u6dc0\u7c89\u542b\u91cf starch content

\u7532\u919b\u542b\u91cf formaldehyde content

\u7532\u919b\u6811\u8102 presence of formaldehyde resin

PH\u503c PH value

\u6c34\u80fd\u6027 absorbance


F \u53ef\u71c3\u6027\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9879\u76ee
FLAMMABILITY TESTS

\u666e\u901a\u7ec7\u7269\u7684\u71c3\u70e7\u6027\u80fd flammability of general clothing textiles

\u5e03\u6599\u7684\u71c3\u70e7\u901f\u7387\uff0845\u3002\u89d2\uff09 burning rate of cloth (45\u3002angle)

\u745e\u5178\u6210\u8863\u71c3\u70e7\u6027\u80fd Sweden fire properties of apparel textile


G \u7ec7\u7269\u6027\u80fd\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9879\u76ee
FABRIC FERFORMANCE TESTS

\u8010\u78e8\u6027 abrasion resistance

\u6297\u8d77\u6bdb\u8d77\u7403\u6027 pilling resistance

\u62d2\u6c34\u6027 water repellency

\u6297\u6c34\u6027 water resistance

\u6298\u75d5\u56de\u590d\u529b wrinkle recovery


\u5e03\u6599\u786c\u633a\u5ea6 fabric stiffness

\u5f39\u6027\u53ca\u56de\u590d\u529b stretch & recovery


H \u7fbd\u7ed2\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9879\u76ee
FEATHER & DOWN THERMAL TESTS

\u7fbd\u7ed2\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790 composition analysis

\u81a8\u677e\u5ea6 filling power

\u6742\u8272\u6bdb\u548c\u7ed2\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b black tip

\u586b\u5145\u6599\u7684\u51c0\u91cd\u91cf new weight (conditioned) of filling material

\u542b\u6c34\u7387 moisture content

\u6eb6\u5242\u53ef\u6eb6\u7269\u7684\u6d4b\u5b9a determination of solvent solube

\u9178\u5ea6 acidity

\u597d\u6c27\u6307\u6570 oxygen number

\u6e05\u6d01\u5ea6 turbidity test

\u7fbd\u7ed2\u5e03\u9632\u6f0f\u6027 penetration resistance of cloth to feather & down


\u6210\u8863\u9644\u4ef6\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9879\u76ee GARMENT ACCESSO.....


I \u6210\u8863\u9644\u4ef6\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9879\u76ee
GARMENT ACCESSORY TESTS (LACE, ZIPPER, BUTTON, BUCKLE, ETC.)

\u6d17\u6da4\u540e\u5916\u89c2 appearanc after laundering

\u8d2e\u5b58\u540e\u5916\u89c2 appearance after storage

\u8010\u70eb\u6027\u80fd resistance to ironing

\u62c9\u94fe\u5f3a\u529b zipper strength

\u62c9\u94fe\u7684\u5f80\u590d\u6027 reciprocating test

\u62c9\u94fe\u8010\u7528\u6027 durability of zipper

\u62c9\u94fe\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6027\u80fd operability of zipper

\u9b54\u672f\u8d34\u526a\u529b shear strength of hooks & loops fastener (velcro tape)

\u9b54\u672f\u8d34\u6495\u79bb\u529b peeling strength of hooks & loops fastener (velcro tape)

\u9b54\u672f\u8d34\u5206\u5408 consecutive adhere/ separation exercising on hooks & loops fastener (velcro tape)

\u91d1\u5c5e\u629b\u5149\u7269\u7684\u9508\u8680/\u53d8\u8272\u8bd5\u9a8c corrosion / tarnish test on metallic finishes

\u6309\u94ae\u5206\u5f00\u5f3a\u529b unsnapping og snap fasteners

\u91d1\u5c5e\u94ae\u6263\u3001\u94c6\u94ae\u7684\u7d27\u56fa\u8bd5\u9a8c security of metallics buttons, rivets, ets.

\u6309\u94ae\u7684\u7d27\u56fa\u8bd5\u9a8c security of snap button

\u94ae\u6263\u5f3a\u529b strength of buttons

\u8010\u6d17\u6db2\u8150\u8680\u6027 resistance to wash liquor

\u8010\u5e72\u6d17\u6eb6\u5242\u8150\u8680\u6027 resistance to drycleaning solvents

\u94ae\u6263\u649e\u51fb\u6d4b\u8bd5 button impact test

\u94ae\u6263\u62c9\u529b\u8bd5\u9a8c button tension test \u94ae\u6263\u94ae\u529b\u8bd5\u9a8c button torque test

\u6309\u94ae\u9644\u7740\u529b snap attachment strength

\u88c5\u9970\u7269\u9644\u7740\u529b trim attachment strength


J \u5176\u4ed6\u7eba\u7ec7\u54c1\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9879\u76ee
OTHER TEXTILE TESTS

\u9002\u5f53\u8bd5\u9a8c\u540e\u63a8\u8350\u62a4\u7406\u6807\u7b7e care instruction/label recommendation after appropriate testing (testing charges excluded)

\u6210\u8863\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6d4b\u91cf garment size measurement

\u786b\u5316\u67d3\u6599\u67d3\u8272\u7684\u7eba\u7ec7\u54c1\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u8001\u5316 accelerated ageing of sulphur-dyed textiles

\u8272\u5dee\u5224\u5b9a colour difference assessment


K \u7ea4\u7ef4\u548c\u7eb1\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9879\u76ee
FIBRE & TESTS

\u77ed\u7ea4\u7ef4\u957f\u5ea6 fibre staple length

\u7ebf\u5f62\u5bc6\u5ea6 linear density

\u7ea4\u7ef4\u76f4\u5f84 fibre diameter

\u5355\u6839\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5f3a\u529b single fibre strength

\u7ea4\u7ef4\u97e7\u6027 tenacity of fibre

\u7eb1\u652f yarn count

\u7eb1\u7ebf\u7ea4\u5ea6(\u539f\u6837\uff09 denier count as received

\u8fde\u7eed\u6216\u975e\u8fde\u7eed\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u8bc6\u522b identification of continuous/ discontinuous fibres

\u6bcf\u5377\u7ecf\u7eb1\u957f length of thread per roll

\u7eb1\u7ebf\u51c0\u91cd net weight of thread

\u5355\u7eb1\u5f3a\u529b single thread strength

\u7ede\u7eb1\u5f3a\u529b lea strength

\u7ebf\u5708\u5f3a\u529b loop strength

\u7eb1\u7ebf\u97e7\u6027 tenacity of yarn

\u7eb1\u637b\u5ea6 twist per unit


L \u586b\u5145\u68c9\u8bd5\u9a8c
BATTING TESTS

\u91cd\u91cf weight

\u539a\u5ea6 thickness

\u7ea4\u7ef4\u542b\u91cf fibre content

\u6811\u8102\u542b\u91cf resin content

\u538b\u7f29\u4e0e\u56de\u590d\u8bd5\u9a8c compresssion and resilience test

\u6837\u54c1\u5206\u6790\u524d\u51c6\u5907 sample dissection for analysis preparation

\u7682\u6d17\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027 dimensional stability to washing

\u673a\u6d17/\u6c34\u6d17\u540e\u7684\u5916\u89c2 appearance after laundering / hand wash


M \u5730\u6bef\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9879\u76ee
CARPET TESTS
\u6469\u64e6\u8272\u7262\u5ea6 colour fastness to rubbing

\u5149\u7167\u8272\u7262\u5ea6 colour fastness to light

\u6c34\u6e0d\u8272\u7262\u5ea6 colour fastness to water

\u6bdb\u675f\u8054\u7ed3\u7262\u5ea6 tuft withdrawal force (tuft bind)

\u6bdb\u675f\u7ecf\u5bc6\u5ea6 pitches per unit length

\u6bdb\u675f\u7eac\u5bc6\u5ea6 rows per unit length

\u5e95\u5e03\u5bc6\u5ea6 threads per unit length of backing

\u5355\u4f4d\u9762\u79ef\u91cd\u91cf weight per unit area

\u8868\u9762\u6bdb\u7ed2\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08\u53ea\u505a\u5355\u5c42\u6bdb\u6bef\uff09 surface pile density (single level pile carpet only)

\u8d77\u7ed2\u7eb1\u80a1\u6570 ply of pile yarn

\u5272\u7ed2\u79cd\u7c7b type of cut pile

\u6bdb\u7ed2\u6216\u6bdb\u5708\u957f\u5ea6 pile or loop length

\u6bdb\u7ed2\u6216\u5e95\u90e8\u7684\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6210\u5206 fibre composition of pile & back

\u4e00\u3001\u5e72\u6d17 Dry Cleaning

\u4e00\u822c\u5e72\u6d17 dryclean

\u4e13\u4e1a\u5e72\u6d17 Professionally Dryclean

\u5546\u4e1a\u5e72\u6d17 Commercially Dryclean

\u4ee5\u5e72\u6d17\u4e3a\u6700\u4f73 Drycleanning Recommened

\u77ed\u5e72\u6d17\u5468\u671f Short Cycle

\u5e72\u6d17\u5242\u62bd\u8131\u65f6\u95f4\u6700\u77ed Minimum Extraction

\u4f4e\u6c34\u5206 Reduced or Low Moisture

\u5e72\u6d17\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u52a0\u6c34\u5206 No water In System

\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u84b8\u6c7d No Steam

\u4e8c\u3001\u6c34\u6d17 Washing

\u53ef\u673a\u6d17 Machine Washable

\u4e0d\u53ef\u6c34\u6d17 Do not Wash

\u4e0d\u53ef\u5546\u4e1a\u6d17\u6da4 Do not have Commercially Launder

\u53ef\u7528\u5bb6\u5ead\u5f0f\u6d17\u6da4 Home Launder

\u624b\u6d17 Hand Wash

\u624b\u6d17\u4e0d\u53ef\u6413\u538b Hand Wash do not Rub

\u51b7\u6c34\u6d17 Cold Wash

\u6e29\u6c34\u6d17 Warm Wash

\u70ed\u6c34\u6d17 Hot Wash

\u4e0d\u53ef\u6c34\u716e Do not Boil

\u5c11\u6d17\u8863\u91cf Small Load

\u6e29\u548c\u6d17\u8863\u7a0b\u5e8f Delicate/Gentle Cycle

\u6301\u4e45\u538b\u529b\u7a0b\u5e8f Durable Press Cycle /Permanent

\u5206\u5f00\u6d17\u6da4 Wash Separately

\u53ef\u4e0e\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8272\u8863\u7269\u540c\u65f6\u6d17\u6da4 With Like Color

\u4e0e\u6df1\u8272\u8863\u7269\u5206\u5f00\u6d17\u6da4 Wash Dark Color Separetely

\u7ffb\u51fa\u5e95\u9762\u6d17\u6da4 Wash Inside Out

\u4e0d\u53ef\u62e7\u5e72 No Wring/ Do not Wring

\u4e0d\u53ef\u62e7\u7ede No Twist/ Do not Twist

\u6e29\u6c34\u6e05\u6d17 Warm Rinse

\u51b7\u6c34\u6e05\u6d17 Cold Rinse

\u5f7b\u5e95\u6e05\u6d17 Rinse Thoroughly

\u4e0d\u53ef\u8131\u6c34 No Spin/ Do not Spin

\u666e\u901a\u65cb\u8f6c\u901f\u5ea6\u8131\u6c34 Normal Spin

\u8f83\u77ed\u8f83\u6162\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8131\u6c34 Reduced Spin

\u4e0d\u53ef\u6d78\u6ce1 Do not Soak

\u53ea\u53ef\u7528\u7682\u7247 Use Pure Soap Flake only

\u53ea\u53ef\u62b9\u6d17\u6216\u64e6\u6d17 Damp Wipe only

\u4e09\u3001\u6f02\u767d Bleaching

\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u6f02\u767d Bleaching when Needed

\u4e0d\u53ef\u6f02\u767d No bleach / Do not Bleach

\u53ea\u53ef\u7528\u975e\u6c2f\u6027\u6f02\u767d\u5242 Only Non-Chlorine Bleach

\u56db\u3001\u5e72\u8863 Drying

\u6ef4\u5e72 Drip Dry

\u6302\u5e72 Line Dry

\u836b\u51c9\u6302\u5e72 Line Dry in Shade

\u907f\u70ed\u6302\u5e72 Line Dry away from Heat

\u7528\u70d8\u5e72\u673a\u70d8\u5e72 Tumble Dry

\u7528\u70d8\u5e72\u673a\u4e2d\u6e29\u70d8\u5e72 Tumble Warm

\u7528\u70d8\u5e72\u673a\u4f4e\u6e29\u70d8\u5e72 Tumble Cool

\u5e73\u94fa\u6652\u5e72 Flat Dry

\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5e72\u8863 Block to Dry

\u7528\u84b8\u6c7d\u70d8\u5e72 Steam Dry

\u4e0d\u7528\u84b8\u6c7d No Steam / Do not Steam

\u98ce\u67dc\u5439\u5e72 Cabinet Dry Cool

\u4e94\u3001\u71a8\u70eb Ironing and Pressing

\u70ed\u70eb Hot Iron

\u6e29\u70eb Warm Iron

\u4f4e\u6e29\u70eb Cold Iron

\u4e0d\u53ef\u71a8 Do not Iron

\u53cd\u9762\u71a8 Iron on Wrong Side

\u7528\u84b8\u6c7d\u71a8\u70eb Steam Press/Iron

\u5728\u6e7f\u6da6\u65f6\u71a8\u70eb Iron Damp

\u7528\u5e03\u95f4\u9694\u71a8\u70eb Use Press Cloth

\u5916\u5305\u88c5 bale

\u7bb1 carton

\u4ef6 package

\u8272\u53f7 colour number

\u82b1\u53f7 design number

\u6279\u53f7 lot number

\u551b\u5934 marks

\u88c5\u7bb1\u5355packing list

\u6f0f\u9a8c omisson of examination

\u6f0f\u9a8c\u7387 percentage of omisson of examination

\u590d\u9a8c re-inspection

\u7d22\u8d54 claim indemnity

\u6bdb\u91cd gross weight

\u51c0\u91cd net weight

\u5916\u89c2\u8d28\u91cf appearance
quality
\u5185\u5728\u8d28\u91cf inherent quality

\u5916\u89c2\u75b5\u70b9 appearance

\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42 technical requirement

\u611f\u89c2\u68c0\u9a8c subjective inspection

\u53d6\u6837 samoling

\u54c1\u8d28\u68c0\u9a8c\u5355 inspection certificate for quality

\u68c0\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e66 inspection certificate

\u7ec7\u7269\u91cd\u91cf fabric weight

\u65ad\u88c2\u5f3a\u529b breaking strength

\u65ad\u88c2\u5f3a\u5ea6 breaking tenacity

\u7f1d\u7eab\u5f3a\u529b seam strength

\u67d3\u8272\u7262\u5ea6 colour fasteness

\u8010\u65e5\u6652\u8272\u7262\u5ea6 colour fasteness to sunlight

\u8010\u78e8\u64e6\u8272\u7262\u5ea6 colour fasteness to rubbing

\u6c41\u6e0d\u8272\u7262\u5ea6 colour fasteness to perspiration

\u8010\u71a8\u70eb\u8272\u7262\u5ea6 colour fasteness to ironing

\u8010\u5e72\u6d17\u8272\u7262\u5ea6 colour fasteness to dry cleaning

\u7070\u8272\u6837\u5361 grey scale

\u6cbe\u8272\u6837\u5361 grey scale for staining

\u7ea4\u7ef4\u542b\u91cf fibre content

\u91ca\u653e\u7532\u919b\u542b\u91cf releasable for maldehyde content

\u9632\u86c0\u6027 insect resistance

\u9632\u6c61\u6027 soil resistance

\u9632\u96e8\u6027 rain proofness

\u7ec7\u7269\u539a\u5ea6 fabric thickness

\u900f\u6c14\u6027 air permeability

\u8272\u5dee chromatic difference

清代文官官服图案:一品仙鹤,二品锦鸡,三品孔雀,四品云雁,五品白鹇,六品鹭鸶,七品鸂鶒,八品鹌鹑,九品练雀。

清代武官官服图案:一品麒麟,二品狮,三品豹,四品虎,五品熊,六品彪,七品、八品犀牛,九品海马。

仙鹤在禽类中的地位仅次于凤凰,而且也常用来寓意长寿;锦鸡是前程似锦愿望的化身,而且其也有驱鬼辟邪的功能;孔雀,是大贤大德、吉祥富贵的瑞禽;云雁就是大雁,迁徙的时候飞行有序,是文明礼仪的象征。

白鹇展翅象征抛弃尘秽迎新纳福,此外它还能驱灾,祈求丰收。后人又称其为“义鸟”,是忠诚高雅的标志;鹭鸶羽毛洁白,寓意廉洁守法;鸂鶒,是一种水鸟,象征坚贞忠心;鹌鹑的形象也经常出现在瓷器和绘画中,取其鹌字音,寓意平安;练雀,权力和富贵的象征。

麒麟,中国传统的瑞兽,麒麟为仁兽,象征统领仁义之师;狮子,万兽之王,象征武力和权威;豹子,身形矫健,毫不张扬,象征君子的品德;猛虎,地位在豹之下,古代勇猛之士被称为“虎贲”、“虎士”,象征威猛;黑熊,体形高达威猛,取其阳刚之意。

古代文化中,彪是一种排在虎豹之间的神秘动物,是凶悍残暴的猛兽,取其对敌凶狠之意;犀牛角锐皮厚,角可制矛,皮可制甲,象征兵器犀利;海马,传说中和马模样相同、背上有翅的神兽。传说这种神兽能水陆双行,取其在水陆皆可勇猛杀敌之意。

扩展资料

补服是一种饰有官位品级徽识的官服,或称补袍。图案主要缝缀在官服的前胸和后背上的,正因为有了这样的补子,才称补服。

明代的“补子”前后都一样,而清代的“补”前面的部分是将其图案分成两半。

在清代官服中是穿用场合最多,时间最长的一种,而表示官阶差异最明显的地方,就是文官绣有文禽、武将绣有猛兽纹饰的“补子”。

清代官制设置严谨、细密。无论文官、武将均设置九品十八级,也就是所谓的“正”、“从”。

王公百官补服均为石青色,朝服、蟒袍为石青色或蓝色。风宪官(御史)补服绣獬豸。补子上除了有飞禽走兽外,还绣有海水和岩石的图案,寓意“海水江崖,江山永固”的意思。

各品阶的补子上还有其他花纹装饰,如文官的补子上有类似联通商标的图案,名为“盘长”,与其搭配出现的往往有其他吉祥纹饰,即海螺、轮子、宝伞、白盖、莲花、宝瓶、金鱼和盘长等八件宝物,简称轮、螺、伞、盖、花、罐、鱼、长,又称为“八吉祥”。

补服均是由南京、苏州、杭州即江南三织造订做进贡的,用料讲究,做工精良,尺寸、图案都有严格规定,官员不能私自改变身上与其品级相对应的官服。

参考资料来源:百度百科--补子



明代开始,给每级官员都设计了一种动物图案作标志,把它绣在两块正方形的绵缎上,官员常服的前胸后背各缀一块,这种就是补子,这种官服就叫补服。

一品:明文官绯袍,绣仙鹤。清文官补服仙鹤,武官补服麒麟。

二品:明文官绯袍,绣锦鸡,武将一品、二品绯袍,绘狮子。清文官补服锦鸡,武官补服狮。

三品:明文官绯袍,绣孔雀,武将绯袍,绘老虎。清文官补服孔雀,武官补服豹。

四品:明文官绯袍,绣云雁,武将绯袍,绘豹子。清文官补服雪雀,武官补服虎。

五品:明文官青袍,绣白鹇,武将青袍,绘熊。清文官补服白鹇,武官补服熊。

六品:明文官青袍,绣鹭鸶,武将六品、七品青袍,绘彪。清文官补服鹭鸶。武官补服彪。

七品:明文官青袍,绣溪敕。清文官补服鸂鶒,武官补服犀牛。

八品:明文官绿袍,绣黄鹂,武将绿袍,绘犀牛。清文官补服练雀。武官补服犀牛。

九品:明文官绿袍,绣鹌鹑,武将绿袍,绘海马。清文官补服练雀。武官补服海马未入流——镂花金顶戴(白),王蟒四爪蟒袍,黄鹂补服。

参考资料来源:百度百科——官服



1、文官:一品仙鹤,二品锦鸡,三品孔雀,四品云雁,五品白鹇,六品鹭鸶,七品鸿漱,八品鹌鹑,九品练雀。

2、武官:一品麒麟,二品狮,三品豹,四品虎,五品熊,六品彪,七品、八品是犀牛,九品海马。

扩展资料:

封建王朝的衣冠之治集中体现在官服上,这在清代又称补服,就是在褂子的前胸后背各缀一块布称为补子,绣上不同的飞禽走兽,以表示官职的差别和道德含义,“补子”的图案根据官员级别的不同也都是不一样的。

清朝时期的官服都是由“江南织造局”来完成制作的,一般的裁缝是不能制作官服的。“补子”的绣法复杂多样:线外包金银的叫做平金绣,在夏服上用的叫戳纱绣,只用彩线而线外不包金银的叫彩绣,还有打籽绣等多种方式

仙鹤在古代是“一鸟之下,万鸟之上”,仅次于凤凰的“一品鸟”,明清一品官吏的官服编织的图案就是“仙鹤”。

同时鹤因为仙风道骨,为羽族之长,自古被称为「一品鸟」,寓意第一。一品是古代最高官阶的名称,皇帝以下文武百官共分九级,一品最高。仙鹤也是鸟类中最高贵的一种鸟,代表长寿、富贵。

参考资料来源:百度百科——清朝朝服



明朝官阶九品,制作出的服装也如官阶。九品官制奠定以后直到明初,官员的品级只能从服饰的颜色及图案花纹上区别。如明代官服,一至四品绯色,五至七品青色,八、九品绿色。其图案花纹,一品大独科花,径五寸,其次是越往下越小。二品小独科花,径三寸。三品散搭花,径二寸。四、五品小杂花,径一寸。六七品小杂花,径一寸。八品官员以下无花纹。

明洪武二十四年(1391年)始定补子制度。补子就是一块缝在胸前的布,上面绣上各种花纹。公、侯、伯、附马的补子绣麒麟白泽,官员是文禽武兽。一品文官绣仙鹤,二品是锦鸡,三品孔雀,四品云雁,以下是鹭鸶、黄鹂、蓝雀等。武官一二品是狮子,三四品为虎豹,五品是熊,六七品是彪。

清王朝取代明王朝之后,也实行了等级森严的九品官制。清代把胸前的这块方布也叫"补子"或"背胸",把缀有这种补子的袍服称为"补服"。清代文官一至七品补子图案与明代的相同,八品则改明代黄鹂为鹌鹑,九品及未入流绣蓝雀。惟文官一品都御史、三品副都御史及按察史、五品监察御史皆绣獬豸。武官补子图案区别较明代为细,一品麒麟,二品狮子,三品豹,四品虎,五品熊,六品彪,七八品犀牛,九品海马。

明洪武二十四年(1391年)始定补子制度。补子就是一块缝在胸前的布,上面绣上各种花纹。公、侯、伯、附马的补子绣麒麟白泽,官员是文禽武兽。一品文官绣仙鹤,二品是锦鸡,三品孔雀,四品云雁,以下是鹭鸶、黄鹂、蓝雀等。武官一二品是狮子,三四品为虎豹,五品是熊,六七品是彪。

清王朝取代明王朝之后,也实行了等级森严的九品官制。清代把胸前的这块方布也叫"补子"或"背胸",把缀有这种补子的袍服称为"补服"。清代文官一至七品补子图案与明代的相同,八品则改明代黄鹂为鹌鹑,九品及未入流绣蓝雀。惟文官一品都御史、三品副都御史及按察史、五品监察御史皆绣獬豸。武官补子图案区别较明代为细,一品麒麟,二品狮子,三品豹,四品虎,五品熊,六品彪,七八品犀牛,九品海马。

中国古代官补是中国封建王朝特定的显示官员的地位高低的官服徽识,是南京云锦的特色品种。他饰于官服的胸前、后背,文官饰以飞禽;一品官为仙鹤补;二品官为锦鸡补;三品官为孔雀补;四品官为云雁补;五品官为白鹇补;六品官为鹭鸶补;七品官为补;八品官为鹌鹑补;九品官为练雀补。武官饰为走兽:一品二品官为狮补;三品官为虎补;四品官为豺补;五品官为熊补;六品七品官为彪补;八品官为犀牛补;九品官为海马补。

  • 娓呮湞椤舵埓绾㈣壊鑺辩繋鐨勬槸鍑鍝佸畼?
    绛旓細鍚夋湇鍐犻《瀛愭瘮杈冪畝鍗曪紝鍙湁鐞冨舰瀹濈彔鍙婇噾灞炲簳搴т袱閮ㄥ垎锛屽簳搴х敤閲戠殑锛屼篃鏈夌敤閾滅殑锛屼笂闈㈤晜鍒昏姳绾广傞《鐝犵殑棰滆壊鍙婃潗鏂欐湁澶氱锛屽弽鏄犱笉鍚瀹樺憳鐨鍝佺骇锛屾寜鐓ф竻鏈濈ぜ浠細涓鍝佸畼鍛椤剁彔鐢ㄧ孩瀹濈煶锛屼簩鍝佺敤鐝婄憵锛屼笁鍝佺敤钃濆疂鐭筹紝鍥涘搧鐢ㄩ潚閲戠煶锛屼簲鍝佺敤姘存櫠锛屽叚鍝佺敤鐮楃2锛屼竷鍝佺敤绱犻噾锛屽叓鍝佺敤闃存枃闀傝姳閲戯紝涔濆搧闃虫枃闀傝姳閲戙傞《...
  • 娓呮湞涓嶅悓闃剁骇姝﹀畼绌夸粈涔琛f湇涓婃湞闈㈠湥?
    绛旓細琛ユ湇鏄竻浠e笣鐜嬪皢鐩稿湪鏈濆爞涓婇兘蹇呴』绌跨殑绔犳湇鍜屽叕鏈嶏紝鏄ぜ浠瓑绾у埗搴︾殑涓涓爣蹇楋紝琛ユ湇鐨勫竷鏂欓夋嫨锛屼笂闈㈢殑缂楗帮紝浠ュ強琛ュ瓙涓婄殑鏍囧織鎬у姩鐗┿佹暟閲忋侀鑹茬瓑閮芥槸韬唤鍝佺骇鐨勪竴绉嶆爣蹇椼傛竻鏈濆畼琛斿畼鍛樼瓑绾т粠涓鍝鑷充節鍝锛屾瀹樿ˉ瀛愮汗鏍蜂粠涓鍝佸畼鍒鍏搧渚濇涓洪簰楹熴佺嫯瀛愩佽惫瀛愩佽佽檸銆佺唺銆佸拰褰紝涓冨叓鍝佸畼涓虹妧鐗涖涔濆搧瀹...
  • 娓呮湞涓鍝佸埌涔濆搧涓嬭懍鍒跺害
    绛旓細鍝佸畼涓хぜ瀹氬埗锛屾湁鐤捐縼姝e瘽锛岀柧闈╀功閬楄█锛屼笁鍝佷互涓婂畼鍏烽仐鐤忥紝鏃㈢粓涔冨摥銆傜珛涓т富銆佷富濡囥傛姢涓ц鎵т簨浜烘不妫猴紝姘戝叕閲囨澘锛屼警銆佷集銆涓鍝佸畼浠ヤ笅鏈辨:銆傝鍛娿傝灏稿簥銆佸阜鍫傦紝闄堟矏鍏枫備箖鍚備笁鍝佷互涓婄敤灏忕彔鐜夛紝涓冨搧浠ヤ笂鐢ㄩ噾鏈ㄥ睉浜斻傝琛o紝甯告湇涓绉帮紝鏈濊。鍐犲甫鍚勪互鍏剁瓑銆傛槑鏃ュ皬鏁涳紝闄堟暃搴婂爞涓滐紝鍔犳暃琛o紝...
  • 鎴戣鍙や唬鍏ㄩ儴瀹樺憳绛夌骇銆
    绛旓細澶ф竻鏈瀹樺憳绛夌骇鍒嗏涔濆搧鍗佸叓绾р,姣忕瓑鏈夋浠庝箣鍒,涓嶅湪鍗佸叓绾т互鍐呯殑鍙仛鏈叆娴,鍦ㄧ骇鍒笂闄勪簬浠庝節鍝併 姝涓鍝: 鏂囪亴浜畼:澶笀銆佸お鍌呫佸お淇濄佹闃佸ぇ瀛﹀+ 鏂囪亴澶栧畼:鏃 姝﹁亴浜畼:棰嗕緧鍗唴澶ц嚕銆佹帉閵华鍗簨澶ц嚕 姝﹁亴澶栧畼:鏃 浠庝竴鍝: 鏂囪亴浜畼:灏戝笀銆佸皯鍌呫佸皯淇濄佸お瀛愬お甯堛佸お瀛愬お鍌呫佸お瀛愬お淇濄 鍗忓姙澶у澹佸悇閮ㄩ櫌...
  • 闂釜鍙や唬鏈嶈鐨勯棶棰
    绛旓細鏂囧畼涓寰嬬敤楦熺被鏉ュ尯鍒瓑绾ч珮浣庯紝涓鍝浠欓工锛屼簩鍝侀敠楦★紝涓夊搧瀛旈泙锛屽洓鍝佷簯闆侊紝浜斿搧鐧介箛锛屽叚鍝侀弓楦讹紝涓冨搧 锛屽叓鍝侀粍楣傦紝涔濆搧楣岄箲锛涙瀹樹竴寰嬬敤鍏界被鏉ュ垝鍒嗕笂涓嬩笉鍚岋紝涓鍝佷簩鍝佺嫯瀛愶紝涓夊搧鍥涘搧铏庤惫锛屼簲鍝佺唺缃达紝鍏搧涓冨搧褰紝鍏搧鐘鐗涳紝涔濆搧娴烽┈銆
  • 鍙や唬鐙瓙澶村嵃绔犳槸浠涔瀹樹笂闈㈠埢寰寮犳煇鏌
    绛旓細鍙や唬浜屽搧姝﹀皢鐨勫畼鍗伴氬父鍒鏈夌嫯瀛愬浘妗堛傚湪涓嶅悓鐨勬湞浠o紝姝﹀皢瀹樿亴鐨勭瓑绾у垝鍒嗘湁鎵涓嶅悓锛屼絾鍏跺ぇ鑷寸瓑绾т粠楂樺埌浣鍒嗗埆涓涔濆搧銆傚叾涓紝浜屽搧姝﹀畼灞炰簬楂樼骇姝﹀畼锛屽叾鑱岃矗涓昏鏄媴浠诲啗闃熺殑楂樼骇鎸囨尌瀹樺拰鍐涗簨椤鹃棶锛屼互鍙婂湪鏈濆环涓媴浠婚噸瑕佸啗浜嬭亴鍔°備簩鍝佹瀹樼殑瀹樺嵃涓婄殑鐙瓙鍥炬璞″緛鐫鏉冨▉鍜屽媷鐚涳紝浣撶幇浜嗗彜浠f灏嗙殑灏婅吹鍦颁綅鍜...
  • 娓呬唬 鏈嶉グ绾规牱
    绛旓細涔濆搧瀹琛ュ瓙(缁冮泙)銆 鍏搧瀹樿ˉ瀛(楣岄箲)銆 涓冨搧瀹樿ˉ瀛 (楦傞稈) 鏂囧叚鍝佸畼琛ュ瓙(楣付)銆 鏂囦簲鍝佸畼琛ュ瓙(鐧介箛)銆 鏂囧洓鍝佸畼琛ュ瓙(浜戦泚)銆 鏂囦笁鍝佸畼琛ュ瓙(瀛旈泙)銆 鏂囦簩鍝佸畼琛ュ瓙(閿﹂浮)銆 鏂涓鍝佸畼琛ュ瓙(浠欓工)銆 涓鍝佹鑱岄簰楹熻ˉ鏈 浜屽搧姝﹁亴鐙瓙琛ユ湇 涓夊搧姝﹁亴璞硅ˉ鏈 鍥涘搧姝﹁亴铏庤ˉ鏈 浜斿搧姝﹁亴鐔婄酱琛ユ湇 鍏搧姝﹁亴褰ˉ鏈 ...
  • ...鑱屽叡鐢ㄤ竴涓嵃?涓涓珷涓婃鍙鍒浜嗕袱涓竻鏈瀹樺憳鐨鍚嶅瓧鏄负浠涔坃鐧惧害...
    绛旓細娓呬唬鐨勫畼鍚忕瓑绾у埗搴︽部鐢ㄤ簡鑷眽榄忓叚鏈濅互鏉ョ殑"涔濆搧鍗佸叓绾"鍩烘湰鍒跺害锛屾瘡涓鍝鏈夋銆佷粠(鏃цz貌ng)涔嬪埆锛屽姝d竴鍝併佷粠涓鍝併傛澶栬繕鏈夎秴鍝瀹樺憳锛屽畻瀹や笉鍏ュ叓鍒嗚緟鍥藉叕銆佸叓鏃楄挋鍙ょ帇鍏拰闈炲畻瀹ゅ皝鐖典集浠ヤ笂鐨勶紝閮借涓鸿秴鍝併備笉鍦ㄥ崄鍏骇浠ュ唴鐨勫彨鍋氭湭鍏ユ祦锛屽湪绾у埆涓婇檮浜庝粠涔濆搧銆
  • 鍝綅澶т緺鐭ラ亾,杩囧幓鏈濆环閲岀殑瀹樺憳,鏈楂樹綅鐨勫畼鍛樺附瀛愪笂鐨勫畼鐝犳槸浠涔堥鑹...
    绛旓細瀹樺憳澶撮《鏈夌彔瀛愮殑鏈濅唬鏄竻浠o紝鐝犲瓙鐨勮川鍦板拰棰滆壊鍙互鐢ㄦ潵鍖哄垎瀹樺憳鐨绾у埆锛岀彔瀛愪笂骞朵笉浼氶洉鍒诲姩鐗╃敾鍍忋傛竻鏀垮簻瑙勫畾涓鍝涓虹孩瀹濈煶锛屼簩鍝佷负鐝婄憵锛屼笁鍝佷负钃濆疂鐭筹紝鍥涘搧鐢ㄩ潚閲戠煶锛屼簲鍝佺敤姘存櫠锛屽叚鍝佺敤鐮楃2锛屼竷鍝佷负绱犻噾锛屽叓鍝佺敤闃寸汗缂曡姳閲戯紝涔濆搧涓洪槼绾归晜鑺遍噾锛屾棤椤剁彔鑰呮棤瀹樺搧銆傞泹姝e叓骞(1730骞)锛屾洿瀹氬畼鍛樺啝椤...
  • 9鍝佸畼浜烘槸璋佹彁鍑烘潵鐨9鍝佸畼
    绛旓細鍏充簬9鍝佸畼浜烘槸璋佹彁鍑烘潵鐨,9鍝佸畼杩欎釜寰堝浜鸿繕涓嶇煡閬,浠婂ぉ鏉ヤ负澶у瑙g瓟浠ヤ笂鐨勯棶棰,鐜板湪璁╂垜浠竴璧锋潵鐪嬬湅鍚! 1銆佸攼鏈 姝涓鍝: 鑱屽畼:澶笀銆佸お鍌呫佸お淇濄佸お灏夈佸徃寰掋佸徃绌恒佸ぉ绛栦笂灏 鐖:鐜 浠庝竴鍝: 鑱屽畼:澶瓙澶笀銆佸お瀛愬お鍌呫佸お瀛愬お淇 鏂囨暎瀹:寮搴滀华鍚屼笁鍙 姝︽暎瀹:楠犻獞澶у皢鍐 鐖:鍡g帇銆侀儭鐜 鍕:鍥藉叕 姝d簩鍝: ...
  • 扩展阅读:正一品和丞相哪个大 ... 古代文官衣服图案 ... 十二级职称等级表图 ... 一至九品官袍图案 ... 一至九品官职一览表图 ... 九品芝麻官有多大 ... 一品九品 ... 唐朝一到九品官服图案 ... 唐朝一品至九品官服图片 ...

    本站交流只代表网友个人观点,与本站立场无关
    欢迎反馈与建议,请联系电邮
    2024© 车视网