非谓语动词怎么区别“to do”和“doing”的用法？ 非谓语动词怎么区别to do和doing的用法
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1\u3001\u4e0b\u5217\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e00\u822c + to do
decide / determine\uff0c learn\uff0cwant\uff0c expect / hope / wish\uff1b
refuse\uff0c manage\uff0ccare\uff0c pretend\uff1b
offer\uff0cpromise\uff0cchoose\uff0cplan\uff1b
agree\uff0cask / beg\uff0chelp\u3002
\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1a
1\u3001She pretended not to see me when I passed by.
\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u5979\u5047\u88c5\u6ca1\u770b\u89c1\u6211\u3002
2\u3001We agreed to meet here.
\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u7ea6\u597d\u4e86\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u89c1\u9762\u3002
\u6b64\u5916\uff0cafford\uff0cstrive\uff0chappen\uff0cwait\uff0cthreaten\u7b49\u4e5f\u8981\u7528\u8fd9\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u3002
\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
1\u3001I stopped the car to takea short break as I was feeling tired.
\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u611f\u5230\u7d2f\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u505c\u4e0b\u8f66\u7a0d\u5fae\u4f11\u606f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002
2\u3001George returned after the war, only to be toldthat his wife had left him.
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3\u3001You will never know how happy I was to seeher yesterday.
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4\u3001This machine is very easy to operate. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
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\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e00\u822c + to do \u603b\u7ed3\uff1a
1\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u76ee\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4f5c\u76ee\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u3002
2\u3001only to do sth.\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u7ed3\u679c\u72b6\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u51fa\u4e4e\u610f\u6599\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002
3\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6216\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u8868\u8bed\u65f6\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u53ef\u63a5\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u539f\u56e0\u72b6\u8bed\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u8bcd\u6709\uff1ahappy, lucky, glad, sorry, anxious, proud, disappointed, angry, surprised, ready, delighted, clever, foolish, pleased, fortunate, right\u7b49\u3002
4\u3001\u5728\u201c\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0b\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0b\u8868\u8bed(\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd)\uff0bto do\u201d\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6709\uff1aeasy, hard, difficult, important, impossible, interesting, pleasant, nice, comfortable, safe, dangerous\u7b49\u3002
2\u3001\u4e0b\u5217\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216\u8bcd\u7ec4\u4e00\u822c+ doing
consider\uff0csuggest / advise\uff0clook forward to\uff0cexcuse / pardon\uff1b
admit\uff0cdelay / put off\uff0cfancy\uff1b
avoid\uff0cmiss\uff0ckeep / keep on\uff0cpractice\uff1b
deny\uff0cfinish\uff0cenjoy / appreciate\uff1b
forbid\uff0cimagine\uff0crisk\uff1b
can't help\uff0cmind\uff0callow / permit\uff0cescape\u3002
\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1a
He couldn't risk losing the good opportunity.
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\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599
\u4e0b\u5217\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216\u8bcd\u7ec4\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u4f46\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6709\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\uff08V. + to do / doing\uff09
foget to do sth
\u5fd8\u8bb0\u8981\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b
foget doing sth
\u5fd8\u8bb0\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e8b
remember to do sth
\u8bb0\u7740\u8981\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b
remember doing sth
\u8bb0\u5f97\u66fe\u7ecf\u505a\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e8b
regret to do sth
\u5f88\u9057\u61be\u8981\u53bb\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b
regret doing sth
\u540e\u6094\u505a\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e8b
try to do sth
\u52aa\u529b\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b
try doing sth
\u8bd5\u7740\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b
mean to do sth
\u6253\u7b97\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b
mean doing sth
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一、作主语
不定式与动名词均可作主语，两者常可换用。例如： Cleaning the playground / To clean the playground is her fulltime job. 打扫操场的卫生是她的专职工作。 To watch / Watching them play football is very interesting. 看他们踢足球是很有趣的。
2. 注意前后一致的原则，如主语是不定式或动名词，表语也用不定式或动名词。例如： To see her is to love her.谁看见她都会喜欢她。 Saving is having. 节约即是收入。 3. 但如果作主语的不定式是固定的说法，或表示一种强烈的对比，或指具体的某次动作等时，通常不用动名词代替不定式。例如： To love others is to be loved. 爱人即爱己。(表示对比) To learn a language in one month is impossible. 在一个月内学会一门语言是不可能的。(表示某次具体的动作)
二、作表语
不定式和动名词均可作表语，解释或说明主语的具体内容，两者常可换用，但需要注意主语与表语的一致性。例如： My work is looking after / to look after the children.我的工作是照看这些孩子。 To live is to do something worthwhile. 活着就是要做一些有价值的事情。(比较：Living is doing something worthwhile.)
2. 如果表示某种结果、不幸的命运或预言，或表示"同意；命令；决定；劝告"等意，则往往用不定式作表语。例如： The important thing is to save lives. 救人要紧。 You are to hand in the exercises tomorrow. 你们必须明天交练习。
三、作宾语
有些动词后可接动名词作宾语，但不可接不定式作宾语；有些动词则反之。详细内容见本报第1期第1面"动词不定式过关指导"。
2. begin, start, hate, like, love, prefer 等动词后接不定式与接动名词区别不大，但这类动词与 should 或 would 连用时，只接不定式；begin 或 start 用于进行时态时，后面常常接不定式。例如： I don't like troubling / to trouble him. 我不想去麻烦他。 Would you like to leave a message? 你要不要留个话儿?
3. 某些动词后接动名词与接不定式意义不同。这类动词常用的有 remember, forget, regret, stop, try, mean 等。如 remember, forget 后接不定式表示未发生的动作，接动名词表示已发生的动作；regret 后接不定式表示"遗憾；抱歉"，常与 to say, to tell, to inform 等连用, 后接动名词指对已发生的事表示"后悔或悔恨"；stop to do sth. 表示"停下来去做某事", stop doing sth. 表示"停止做某事"；try to do sth. 表示"试图做某事"，try doing sth. 表示"试试做某事"；mean to do sth. 表示"有意或打算做某事", mean doing sth. 表示"意味着……"。例如： I remember seeing you somewhere in Guilin.我记得在桂林的什么地方见到过你。(seeing 这个动作已经发生) Remember to mail the letter for me. 记住帮我寄这封信。(to mail 这个动作尚未发生)
4. want 及 need 表示主语"想或需要"做某事，后接不定式的主动式作宾语；want, need 及 require 表示主语"需要"被作某种处置，后接动名词的主动式或接不定式的被动式均可。例如： I want to paint the wall. 我想粉刷这堵墙。 The wall wants painting / to be painted. 这墙需要粉刷了。
四、作定语
动名词作定语表示名词的属性或事物的用途。例如： No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room. 阅览室里不准大声说话。 There is a swimming pool in our school. 我们学校有一个游泳池。
2. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。例如： That will be the only thing to do now. 那恐怕是目前唯一可行的办法。 Is that the best way to solve the problem?那是解决这个问题的最好办法吗?
todo一次性动作
doing正在进行动作与谓语动词同时发生
扩展阅读：aiming to do 非谓语 ... 非谓语动词to do 和doing ... 非谓语中的to do怎么用 ... 非谓语什么时候填to do ... 非谓语to do表示什么 ... 非谓语动词to be done ... emphasize to do还是doing ... to do做非谓语例句 ... 非谓语动词加to do怎么记 ...
