动词原形变成其动名词(即-ⅰng)形式有哪几种常见规则？ 动名词加-ing形式和to do形式有哪些（初中）用法总结
\u52a0ing\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6709\u54ea\u51e0\u79cd\uff1f\u600e\u6837\u7528\u52a0ing\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u67094\u79cd\uff1a
1\u3001\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b,\u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0\u8bcd\u5c3e \u2013ing.
eg. go \u2013 going; do \u2013 doing; ask \u2013 asking; read --- reading
2\u3001 \u5728\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d1\u97f3\u7684e \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e,\u53bb\u6389e,\u518d\u52a0- ing.
eg. come \u2013 coming live \u2013 living dance \u2013 dancing make \u2013 making
3\u3001\u5728\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7684\u5355\u97f3\u8282\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u3001\u4ee5\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u591a\u97f3\u8282\u52a8\u8bcd,\u800c\u672b\u5c3e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u65f6,\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u53cc\u5199\uff08x\u9664\u5916\uff09,\u7136\u540e\u518d\u52a0 \u2013ing.
sit \u2013 sitting; run \u2013 running; begin \u2013 beginning; forget \u2013 forgetting
4\u3001\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u51e0\u4e2a\u4ee5 \u2013ie \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\uff1a\u987b\u5c06\u2013ie \u53d8\u4f5cy,\u518d\u52a0- ing.(\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u8bcd\u8bcd\u5178\u4e00\u822c\u5747\u6ce8\u660e)
eg. die \u2013 dying; tie \u2013 tying lie \u2013 lying
\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\uff1a
\u52a8\u8bcd-ing\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u91ca\u4e49\uff1a
suf.\uff08\u6784\u6210\u52a8\u8bcd\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\uff09
I am writing. \u6211\u5728\u5199\u3002
suf.\uff08\u6784\u6210\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u540d\u8bcd\uff09\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\uff08\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff09\u3001 \u884c\u52a8
driving\u3001meeting
suf.\uff08\u6784\u6210\u540d\u8bcd\uff09\u8868\u793a\u804c\u4e1a\u3001\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6
banking
wedding
suf.\uff08\u6784\u6210\u540d\u8bcd\uff09\u8868\u793a\u7ed3\u679c\u3001\u4ea7\u7269
building
painting
suf.\uff08\u6784\u6210\u540d\u8bcd\uff09\u8868\u793a\u4f5c\u6210\u2026\u2026\u7684\u6750\u6599
clothing
scaffolding
\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1--ing\u5f62\u5f0f
\u4e0b\u9762\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcddone \u4e00\u3001\uff11\uff0e\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u201c\u5c06\u6765\u201d\u548c\u201c\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\uff09\u67d0\u4e00\u6b21\u52a8\u4f5c\u201d\uff1b
Can you imagine the building to be built next year?\uff08\u5c06\u8981\uff09
I like to read after the teacher. \uff08\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1aafter the teacher\uff09
\uff12\uff0e\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\uff1a\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u201c\u6b63\u5728\u3001\u4e3b\u52a8\u3001\u4e60\u60ef\u3001\u5728\u5148\u201d\u56db\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1b
He was seen crying in the next room.\uff08seen\u7684\u65f6\u5019crying\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\uff09
While reading,he sometimes made some notes. \uff08he\u4e3b\u52a8reading\uff09
I love reading English aloud.\uff08\u4e60\u60ef\u3001\u7231\u597d\u3001 \u7ecf\u5e38\uff09
Finishing all his work,he had a drink. \uff08\u5148finish,\u540edrink\uff09
\uff13\uff0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff1a\u4ec5\u8868\u793a\u201c\u88ab\u52a8\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u3002
Moved deeply by what he said,we can't say a word.\uff08\u88ab\u52a8\uff09
When the sun has risen,they began to cheer all the way.\uff08\u5b8c\u6210\uff09 \u4e8c\u3001\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff1a
\uff11\uff0e\u4e60\u60ef\u5728\u540e\u9762\u63a5\u4e0a\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u5e38\u89c1\u5982\uff1awant,wish,hope,desire,ask,offer,agree,care, choose,
expect, manage, pretend,intend,attempt,decide,learn,
determine\u53catell/show/teach sb how to do
\uff12\uff0e\u4e60\u60ef\u5728\u540e\u9762\u63a5\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5982\uff1a
1).admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,face,feel,finish,forgive,imagine,include,
keep,mention, mind,miss,practise,resis,risk,suggest
2).give up,put off,set about/off, insist on,
persist in,stick to,see to,look forward to,on the way to,
can't help/bear/stand,it's no use/good
\uff13\uff0e\u540e\u63a5to\u548c\u63a5ing\u5f62\u5f0f\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u52a8\u8bcd\u5982\uff1a
1)remember/forget\u63a5to do \u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u201d\u53d1\u751f\u6216\u201c\u5c06\u8981\u201d\u53d1\u751f\uff1b\u63a5doing\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u201c\u5df2\u7ecf\u201d\u53d1\u751f\u3002
The letter is still in my pocket.I forget to have it posted.
\u4fe1\u4ecd\u5728\u6211\u53e3\u888b\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u5fd8\u8bb0\u628a\u5b83\u5bc4\u51fa\u53bb\u4e86\u3002
I forgot writing to him last month.So I write him again.
\u6211\u5fd8\u4e86\u4e0a\u6708\u66fe\u7ed9\u4ed6\u5199\u8fc7\u4fe1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u53c8\u7ed9\u4ed6\u5199\u4e86\u5c01\u4fe1\u3002
2)regret doing\u662f\u4e3a\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u4e8b\u800c\u611f\u5230\u540e\u6094\uff1b regret to do \u4e3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b\u800c\u9057\u61be\u3002
I regretted telling him everything. \u6211\u540e\u6094\u628a\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u8ddf\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4e86\u3002
I regret to say that I can't go with you. \u4e0d\u80fd\u548c\u4f60\u4e00\u8d77\u8d70\uff0c\u771f\u9057\u61be\uff01
3)stop/go on\u540e\u63a5doing \u8868\u793a\u201c\u505c\u6b62\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7ee7\u7eed\u201d\u7684\u662f\u201c\u540c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u201d\u6216\u67d0\u4e8b\u201c\u672c\u8eab\u201d\uff1b\u540e\u63a5to do \u8868\u793a\u201c\u505c\u4e0b\u7532\u4e8b\u5f00\u59cb\u5e72\u4e59\u4e8b\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7ee7\u7eed\u5e72\u4e0a\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u201d\u3002
After finish maths,he went on to do physics exercises.
\u5728\u505a\u5b8c\u6570\u5b66\uff08\uff21\u4e8b\uff09\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u7ee7\u7eed\u505a\u7269\u7406\u7ec3\u4e60\uff08\uff22\u4e8b\uff09\u3002
When the teacher came in,the students stopped singing.
\u6559\u5e08\u8fdb\u6765\u540e\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\u5531\u6b4c\uff08\u505c\u6b62singing \u52a8\u4f5c\u672c\u8eab\uff09\u3002
When the teacher came in,they stopped to sing.
\u8001\u5e08\u8fdb\u6765\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\uff08\u505c\u4e0b\u539f\u6765\u5e72\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u5531\u6b4c\u3002
4)try to do=try one's best \u5c3d\u529b\u5730\u5e72\u67d0\u4e8b try doing sth=have a try\u8bd5\u7740\u5e72\u67d0\u4e8b
5)mean to do sth\u610f\u6b32\u5e72\u67d0\u4e8b\uff0c\u60f3\u5e72\u67d0\u4e8b mean doing\u610f\u601d\u662f
6) like/love/hate to do \u5177\u4f53\u67d0\u6b21\u884c\u4e3a like/love/hate doing \u7ecf\u5e38\uff0c\u4e60\u60ef\u4e09\u3001\u4f5c\u5b9a\u3001\u72b6\u8bed\u65f6\uff0cto do\u8868\u793a\u201c\u5c06\u201d\uff1bdoing\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e3b\u52a8\u201d\uff1bdone\u8868\u793a\u201c\u88ab\u201d\u3002
Given more time,I'll do it better.\uff08\u540e\u9762\u4e3b\u8bed\uff29\u662f\u88abgiven\uff09
Giving him another chance,they waited for him to win.\uff08they\u4e3b\u52a8\u201c\u7ed9\u201d\u4ed6\uff09
He found himself followed by a stranger.\uff08\u4ed6\u88ab\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff09
He came in,following a student. \uff08\u4ed6\u4e3b\u52a8\u8ddf\u5728\u5b66\u751f\u540e\u9762\uff09
This is the bridge built in 1980.\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u88ab\u4fee\u5efa\uff09
This is the bridge being built by the workers.\uff08\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\uff09
This is the bridge to be built next month.\uff08\u4e0b\u6708\u5c06\u88ab\u4fee\u5efa\uff09
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1ahaving (been) done\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u5b9c\u4f5c\u72b6\u8bed\uff1b\u4e0d\u5b9c\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\u3002\u56db\u3001\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u7684\u8865\u8db3\u8bed\uff1a\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8865\u8bed\u548c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u52a8\u5bbe\u6216\u4e3b\u8c13\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
\uff11\uff0e\u611f\u5b98\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u5bbe\u8865\u7701\u53bbto:
I hear someone sing/singing in the next room.
\u8fd9\u7c7b\u52a8\u8bcd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6709\uff1asee,look at,glare at,stare at,
glance at,watch,notice,observe; hear,listen to;feel\u7b49\u3002
\uff12\uff0e\u4f7f\u5f79\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u5bbe\u8865\u7701\u53bbto:
\u5e38\u89c1\u8fd9\u7c7b\u52a8\u8bcd\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\uff1amake,let,have\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4f7f,\u8ba9\uff0c\u53eb\u201d
The boss made him get up at six in the morning.
\uff13\uff0ehelp\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u8bf4\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff1a
help do,help to do,help sb do,help sb to do,help sb with sth.\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u518d\u63a5\u52a8\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5c06\u540e\u9762\u4e00\u4e2a\u6539\u4e3a\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1b\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u82f1\u8bed\u53e3\u8bed\u4e2d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8ddf\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u7684\u4e5f\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u51e0\u4e2a\uff1ahelp do,see go,hear sing.
\uff14\uff0e\u5176\u5b83\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u4f5c\u8865\u8bed\u4e00\u822c\u5e94\u52a0to\uff1a
The manager got his secretary to have the letter typed as soon as he finished.\u7ecf\u7406\u4e00\u5199\u5b8c\u4fe1\uff0c\u5c31\u53eb\u5bc6\u4e66\u62ff\u53bb\u6253\u5370\u3002
\u518d\u5982\uff1atell sb to do,order sb to do,ask sb to do\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002
\u63d0\u793a\uff1a1)\u5bbe\u8865\u7528do \u6216to do\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u548c\u7ecf\u5e38\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u7528doing\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u53e5\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c \u8865\u8bed\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e5f\u5728\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff1b
2)\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5e26to\uff0c\u5728\u6539\u4e3a\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8bed\u7684\u8865\u8bed\uff08\u539f\u5bbe\u8865\uff09\u4e00\u5f8b\u7528to do\uff1b\u539f\u6765\u662fdoing\u7684\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u7528-ing\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4e94\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u53e5\u5f0f\u7565\u8981\uff1a
\uff11\uff0e\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd\uff0bto do\uff0cone's\uff0bdoing
He didn't know what to do.
Do you mind my opening the windows?
\uff12\uff0etoo...to\u53e5\u578b\uff0c\u201c\u592a\u8fc7\u4e8e...\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd...\u201d
not too \u5f31\u5316\u8bed\u6c14\uff0c\u201c\u4e0d\u592a...\u201d
\uff13\uff0e\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0benough to do \u201c\u8db3\u53ef\u4ee5\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u5f88. ..\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u201d
\uff14\uff0eSo\uff0b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0bas to do \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eso...that \u201c\u5982\u6b64...\u4ee5\u81f4\u201d
\uff15\uff0eIt is/was \uff0b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0b(for/of sb)\uff0bto do sth
\u201c\u5bf9\u67d0\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4...\u662f...\u7684\u201d
It is important for us to learn how to use computers.
\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7535\u8111\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002
\uff16\uff0eIt is no use/no good\uff0b\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd \u201c\u5e72... \u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u5904\u7684\u201d
It is no good talking without doing.
\u5149\u8bf4\u4e0d\u505a\u662f\u6beb\u65e0\u7528\u5904\u7684\u3002
\uff17\uff0e\u5f53\u4e8b\u7269\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u65f6\uff0cneed/want/require
\u540e\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a
The wall wants to be painted again.
\u8fd9\u5835\u5899\u9700\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u7c89\u5237\u4e86\u3002
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u540e\u63a5doing\u5f62\u5f0f\u65f6\u8981\u7528\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5to be done\u4e3a\u4f18\u3002
\uff18\uff0e\u4ecb\u8bcd\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4e0d\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u3002\uff08-ing\u5f62\u5f0f\u53eb\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff09
He rushed out without being noticed.\uff08\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff09
They are interested in playing chess. \uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u52a8\u4f5c\uff09
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1abut\u4f5c\u4ecb\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u7531\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff08to\uff09do \u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u3002
The bear could do nothing but lie down and sleep.\uff08\u201c\u9664...\u4e4b\u5916\u201d\uff09
\u5206\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1abut\u524d\u6709do\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e14\u4f5c\u8c13\u8bed\uff0cbut\u540e\u4e0d\u7528to\uff1bbut\u524d\u867d\u6709do\u7684\u5404 \u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c \u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f5c\u8c13\u8bed\uff0cbut\u540e\u9762\u7684to\u53ef\u6709\u53ef\u65e0\uff1bbut\u524d\u65e0do\uff0cbut\u540eto\u4e0d\u53ef\u7701\u3002
\uff19\uff0eBe worth (while) doing\u7684-ing\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ea\u7528\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f0f\u4e0d\u7528\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u3002
The movie is worth seeing again.
\u8fd9\u90e8\u5f71\u7247\u503c\u5f97\uff08\u88ab\uff09\u518d\u770b\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\uff08\u4e0d\u7528being seen\uff09
\u4f46be worthy\u540e\u9762\u63a5to be done\u6216of being done\u5747\u6709\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u3002
10\uff0eNot\u5e94\u653e\u5728\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u524d\u9762\u3002
Having not received his answer, I wrote him again.
\uff08\u9519\u8bef\uff1anot\u5e94\u653e\u5728\u5206\u8bcdhaving\u7684\u524d\u9762\u3002\uff09
You hadn't better go in such a hurry.
\uff08\u9519\u8bef\uff1anot\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u5728go\u524d\uff1b\u6709to do\u7684\uff0cnot\u653eto\u524d\u3002\uff09
11\uff0e-ing\u8868\u201c\u4e3b\u52a8\u201d\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e8b\u6709\u5173\uff1b-ed \uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff09\u8868\u201c\u88ab\u52a8\u201d\uff0c\u4e0e\u4eba\u6709\u5173\u3002
He is moved by the moving story.\uff08he\u548cmoved \u642d\u914d\uff0c\u201c\u6545\u4e8b\u201d\u7528moving\u4fee\u9970\uff09\u3002
The tiring boy made his mother tired. \u6405\u4eba\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4f7f\u4ed6\u6bcd\u4eb2\u5f88\u7d2f\u3002
\uff08\u5b69\u5b50\u201c\u4e3b\u52a8\u201d\u4f7f\u4eba\u75b2\u52b3\uff1b\u6bcd\u4eb2\u201c\u88ab\u201d\u5b69\u5b50\u6405\u5f97\u75b2\u52b3\u3002\uff09
Her puzzing/puzzled face caused us to be puzzled.
\u5979\u7591\u60d1\u7684\u8138\u8272\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5f88\u7591\u60d1\u3002
\uff08 puzzling face \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7591\u60d1\u7684\u8138\u8272\uff08\u5979\u4e3b\u52a8\uff09\uff1bpuzzled face\u5979\u81ea\u5df1\u7591\u60d1\uff08\u5979\u88ab\uff09
12\uff0e\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u590d\u5408\u7ed3\u6784\uff1aone's doing
Do you mind my smoking here?\u4f60\u5728\u610f\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u513f\u62bd\u70df\u5417\uff1f
13\uff0e\u8fde\u8bcd\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u7528\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u3001\u88ab\u52a8\u72b6\u51b5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e0e\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e3b\u8bed\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
If heated,ice can be turned into water.
\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e3b\u8bedice\u88ab\u52a0\u70ed\uff08heated\uff09\u3002
While reading,he had a good idea.
\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e3b\u8bedhe\u4e3b\u52a8reading\uff08\u8bfb\u4e66\uff09\u3002
14\uff0e\u7ed3\u679c\u72b6\u8bed\u53ef\u7528\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u6216\u8005\u5206\u8bcd\u3002\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u524d\u6709only\u4fee\u9970\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u4e0e\u4e3b\u53e5\u9694\u5f00\uff1b\u4e0d\u52a0only\u65f6\uff0c-ing\u5f62\u5f0f\u591a\u52a0\u9017\u53f7\u9694\u5f00\u3002
He hurried to school to find everyone had gone.
He hurried to school, finding that everyone had gone.
He hurried to school,only finding/only to find...
\u4ed6\u5306\u5fd9\u8d76\u5230\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8d70\u4e86\u3002
15\uff0e\u72ec\u7acb\u4e3b\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u3002
\u72ec\u7acb\u4e3b\u683c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u65e0\u8fde\u8bcd\uff0c\u6709\u9017\u53f7\uff0c\u5404\u6709\u5176\u4e3b\uff08\u8bed\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u628a\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u6539\u4e3a\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u3002
It\uff08\u4e3b\u8bed\uff11\uff09 being\uff08\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\uff09 hot, \uff08\u4e3b\u8bed\uff12\u7701\u4e86you\uff09let's go swimming.
His eyes\uff08\u4e3b\u8bed\uff11\uff09 glaring,he\uff08\u4e3b\u8bed\uff12\uff09 stood very still.
Her hair\uff08\u4e3b\u8bed\uff11\uff09cut\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u8868\u88ab\u52a8\uff09,she\uff08\u4e3b\u8bed\uff12\uff09
looks more pretty.The boy came in,book in hand.
\u8fd9\u7537\u5b69\u624b\u91cc\u62ff\u7740\u4e66\u8fdb\u6765\u4e86\u3002
\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e3b\u8bed\u201c\u5b69\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u903b\u8f91\u4e3b\u8bed\u201c\u4e66\u201d\uff1b\u524d\u9762\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4e3b\u53e5\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e3b\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u628a\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcdwas\u53bb\u6389\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u903b\u8f91\u53e5\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8ewith a book in his hand \u4f5c\u72b6\u8bed\u4fee\u9970\u524d\u9762\u4e3b\u53e5\u3002\uff09
15\uff0e\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u8fbe\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002
have sb do\u8ba9\u4eba\u53bb\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b have sth done \u8bf7\u4eba\u53bb\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b\uff08\u67d0\u4e8b\u88ab\u505a\uff09
have sb/sth doing\u542c\u4efb/\u653e\u4efb\u67d0\u4eba/ \u4e8b\u4e0d\u7ba1\uff08\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ed6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u72b6\u6001\uff09
used to do \u8fc7\u53bb\u7ecf\u5e38\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b be used to do/for sth\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b
be used to doing/get used to (doing) sth\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\uff08\u505a\uff09\u67d0\u4e8b\u516d\u3001\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a
\uff11\uff0e\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u662f\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u4e0d\u662f\u8be5\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u6dfb\u52a0\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u4ecb\u8bcd\u3002
I had no person to read to.\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u542c\u4f17\u3002
\uff08read\u867d\u53ef\u4f5c\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u201c\u8bfb\u201d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5bbe\u8bed\uff09\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u201c\u6587\u7ae0\u201d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u4eba\u201d\uff09
\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u518d\u5982\uff1apaper to write on, pen to write with,room to live in\u7b49\u7b49\u3002
\uff12\uff0e\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u5e94\u5e26\u5bbe\u8bed\u3002\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u65e0\u5bbe\u8bed\u6216\u5e26\u53cc\u5bbe\u8bed\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u53ea\u5e26\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u8bcd\u6539\u4e3a\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u6216\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u3002
Hunted everywhere,the wolves had no place to be hidden.
\u5230\u5904\u90fd\u5728\u8ffd\u6740\uff0c\u72fc\u65e0\u5904\u53ef\u85cf\u3002\uff08hunt,hide \u5728\u8fd9\u90fd\u4f5c\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u90fd\u65e0\u5bbe\u8bed\uff09
I found many villagers __at the back of the classroom.
A.seated B.seating C.sitting D.to sit down
\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u8bb8\u591a\u6751\u6c11\u5750\u5728\u6559\u5ba4\u7684\u540e\u9762\u3002
seat\u4f5c\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u6b63\u89c4\u7528\u6cd5\uff1b\u8fd9\u91cc\u540e\u9762\u65e0\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u6545\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f0f\u7684ing\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c \u9700\u5728\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u5982seating themselves
\uff13\uff0eing \u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\uff09\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u53ca\u4ea4\u53c9\u529f\u80fd\u3002
1)\u4e13\u7528\u529f\u80fd\uff1a
\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u548c\u5bbe\u8bed\u6210\u5206\u7684-ing\u53eb\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff08\u4e0d\u53eb\u5206\u8bcd\uff09\uff1b
\u4f5c\u72b6\u8bed\u6210\u5206\u7684-ing\u5f62\u5f0f\u53eb\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\uff08\u4e0d\u53eb\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff09\u3002
2)\u4ea4\u53c9\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u90fd\u80fd\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\u548c\u8868\u8bed\u3002
\u533a\u522b\u662f\uff1a\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\u201c\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u7528\u9014\u201d\uff1b\u5206\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\u201c\u52a8\u4f5c\u201d\u3002
a sleeping boy\uff08\u5b69\u5b50\u6b63\u5728\u7761\u89c9\uff1a\u52a8\u4f5c\uff09a sleeping car\uff08\u7528\u6765\u7761\u89c9\u7684\u8f66\uff1a\u7528\u9014\uff09
a burning stick\uff08\u5206\u8bcd\uff09,a swimming pool\uff08\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff09
She is washing\uff08\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1a\u5206\u8bcd\uff1b\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u4eba\uff1d\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff09
Her job is washing\uff08\u5224\u65ad\uff1a\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\uff1b\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u4e8b\uff09
\uff14\uff0e\u9009\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u6216\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u5176\u4e0e\u903b\u8f91\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u8fd8\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u800c\u5b9a\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5176\u6210\u5206\u662f\u72b6\u8bed\u3001\u8868\u8bed\u3001\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8865\u8bed\u3002
\uff15.ing\u5f62\u5f0f\u548cto do\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u533a\u522b\u662f\uff1aing\u8868\u793a\u201c\u7ecf\u5e38\u201d\uff1b
to do\u8868\u793a\u201c\u5c06\u201d\u6216\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u67d0\u6b21\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1b\u5982\uff1a
I like reading;I like reading this afternoon.
ing\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e3b\u52a8\u201d\uff1b-ed\u8868\u793a\u201c\u88ab\u52a8\u201d\u3002
\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u70b9\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u603b\u5206\u5b66\u751f\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u70b9\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u533a\u5206\u8981\u628a\u63e1\u516b\u4e2a\u5b57\uff1a\u770b\u4f60\u8981\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u662f\u201c\u4e3b\u52a8\u88ab\u52a8\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u201d\u3002
1. 去掉不发音e，+ing，比如living, having。
2. 重读闭音节词，双写最后的辅音，再加ing，比如sitting, cutting, putting, swimming。
3. 不是上面两种，就直接加ing，比如working, playing等。
还有三个特殊的：die, lie, tie变成dying, lying, tying。
1.直接加ing
2.重读闭音节，一个辅音字母结尾，双写这个辅音字母，再加ing
3. 元音+辅音+不发音的e结尾，去掉e，加ing
绛旓細4銆佷互ie缁撳熬鐨鍔ㄨ瘝鍙ie涓簓锛屽啀鍔-ing锛5銆佷互c缁撳熬鐨勫姩璇嶅彉c涓篶k锛屽啀鍔-ing锛6銆佷互l缁撳熬鐨勫姩璇 濡傛灉鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰浠ラ潪閲嶈闊宠妭缁撳熬锛屽垯鏈熬鐨勫瓧姣峫鍙屽啓涓庝笉鍙屽啓鍧囧彲锛7銆侀儴鍒嗕互-p缁撳熬鐨勫姩璇嶅悓鏍烽伒寰6鏉★紝杩欑被璇嶅鐢扁滃墠缂+鍚嶈瘝鈥濇瀯鎴愩 濡傛灉鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰浠ラ潪閲嶈闊宠妭缁撳熬锛屽垯鏈熬鐨勫瓧姣峱鍙屽啓涓...
绛旓細(2) 瀵逛簬鍔ㄥ悕璇(gerund),鎴栬卛ng鏍煎紡鐨勪笉瀹氬紡鏃舵,闄や簡鍏舵渶绠鏍煎紡(鍔ㄥ悕璇嶇殑鍘熷舰鏍煎紡)涔嬪,鏈変竴绉嶅鍚堟牸寮,鐢鍔ㄨ瘝 to have 鐨勫姩鍚嶈瘝鍜岀粰瀹氬姩璇嶇殑杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝缁勬垚: 渚嬪鈥斺 (鏈绠鏍煎紡)鈥斺I like reading . (澶嶅悎鏍煎紡)鈥斺擳hrough having lost his book,he could not learn his lesson. (3) 瀵逛簬鍒嗚瘝鏃舵,闄...
绛旓細濡傦細He suggested goint out for a walk. 浠栨彁璁嚭鍘昏蛋璧般I couldn鈥檛 help crying my eyes out. 鎴戠涓嶄綇鐥涘摥璧锋潵銆俉ould you mind opening the window? 璇蜂綘鎵撳紑绐楁埛锛屼笉浠嬫剰鍚э紵浜屻佹湁浜鍔ㄨ瘝鍚庨潰鏃㈠彲浠ョ敤鍔ㄨ瘝涔熷彲浠ョ敤涓嶅畾寮忥紝浣嗘槸鎰忔濆緢涓嶄竴鏍枫1. remember/foget --璺鍔ㄥ悕璇琛ㄧず鈥滆寰/...
绛旓細濡傛灉鍔ㄥ悕璇鐨勫姩浣滃彂鐢熷湪璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鎵琛ㄧず鐨勫姩浣滀箣鍓,閫氬父鐢ㄥ姩鍚嶈瘝鐨勫畬鎴愭椂鎬併備緥濡: I鈥檓 sorry for not having kept my promise. 浣嗘槸鍦ㄦ煇浜鍔ㄨ瘝鎴栬瘝缁勫悗,甯哥敤鍔ㄥ悕璇嶇殑涓鑸舰寮,灏界鍏跺姩浣滄槸鍦ㄨ皳璇墍琛ㄧず鐨勫姩浣滀箣鍓嶅彂鐢熺殑.渚嬪:涓昏鏄繖涓姩鍚嶈瘝琛ㄧず鐨勫姩浣滅殑瀵硅薄鏃,鍔ㄥ悕璇嶇敤琚姩璇.琚姩璇佺敱鈥 being鍗佽繃鍘诲垎璇...
绛旓細A 浜旀鍔ㄨ瘝 鎶婄粨灏剧殑鍋囧悕鍙樹负鐩稿簲鐨勩屻亰娈点 鍋囧悕锛岀劧鍚庡姞涓娿屻亞銆岯 涓娈靛姩璇 鎶娿屻倠銆嶅幓鎺夛紝鐒跺悗鍔犱笂銆屻倛銇嗐嶅氨鍙互浜嗐侰 鐗规畩鍔ㄨ瘝 銆屻仚銈嬨鍙樻垚銆屻仐銈堛亞銆嶃屾潵銈嬶紙銇忋倠)銆嶅彉鎴愩屾潵銈堛亞(銇撱倛銇)銆
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