初三英语语法
\u521d\u4e09\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u5475\u5475 \u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9 \u795d\u697c\u4e3b\u8fdb\u6b65\u54c8 \u8bb0\u5f97\u91c7\u7eb3O(\u2229_\u2229)O\u54c8\uff01
\u4e5d\u5e74\u7ea7\u82f1\u8bed\u590d\u4e60---\u8bed\u6cd5\u8bb2\u89e3\uff081-7\u5355\u5143\uff09
Unit1
By\u662f\u4e2a\u5f88\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4ecb\u8bcd\uff08\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u7528\u4f5c\u526f\u8bcd\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u521d\u4e2d\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a 1.\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u5728\u2026\u2026\u65c1\u201d\u3001\u201c\u9760\u8fd1\u201d\u3002\u5982\uff1a Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. \u6709\u7684\u5728\u5927\u6811\u4e0b\u5531\u6b4c\u8df3\u821e\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5728\u6e56\u8fb9\u753b\u753b\u513f\u3002 2.\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0d\u8fdf\u4e8e\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5230\u2026\u2026\u65f6\u4e3a\u6b62\u201d\u3002\u5982\uff1a Your son will be all right by supper time. \u4f60\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u5728\u665a\u996d\u524d\u4f1a\u597d\u7684\u3002 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? \u5230\u4e0a\u4e2a\u5b66\u671f\u672b\u4f60\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b66\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u9996\u82f1\u8bed\u6b4c\u66f2\uff1f 3.\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ef\u8bd1\u4f5c\u201c\u9760\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7528\u201d\u3001\u201c\u51ed\u501f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u901a\u8fc7\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e58\u5750\u201d\u7b49\u3002\u5982\uff1a The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
\u7334\u5b50\u7528\u5c3e\u5df4\u540a\u5728\u6811\u4e0a\u54c8\u54c8\u5927\u7b11\u3002 The boy\u2019s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u7684\u611f\u6fc0\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4ed6\u6559\u7231\u8fea\u751f\u600e\u6837\u901a\u8fc7\u94c1\u8def\u7535\u62a5\u6765\u4f20\u8fbe\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 4.\u8868\u793a\u201c\u9010\u4e2a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u9010\u6279\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u5982\uff1a One by one they went past the table in the dark.
\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f97\u5728\u9ed1\u6697\u4e2d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u5f20\u684c\u5b50\u30025.\u8868\u793a\u201c\u6839\u636e\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6309\u7167\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u5982\uff1aWhat time is it by your watch? \u4f60\u7684\u8868\u51e0\u70b9\u4e86? 6.\u548ctake , hold\u7b49\u52a8\u8bcd\u8fde\u7528\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u63a5\u89e6\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5982\uff1a I took him by the hand. \u6211\u62c9\u4f4f\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u624b\u3002 7.\u7528\u4e8e\u88ab\u52a8\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u5e38\u8bd1\u4f5c\u201c\u88ab\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7531\u201d\u7b49\u3002\u5982\uff1a English is spoken by many people. \u82f1\u8bed\u88ab\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u6240\u8bf4\u3002\uff08\u5373\u201c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8bb2\u82f1\u8bed\u3002\u201d\uff09 8.\u7ec4\u6210\u5176\u5b83\u77ed\u8bed\u3002 1) by the way : \u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u987a\u4fbf\u8bf4\u201d\u3001\u201c\u987a\u4fbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e0b\u201d\uff0c\u5e38\u505a\u63d2\u5165\u8bed\u3002\u5982\uff1a By the way , where\u2019s Li Ping , do you know?
\u987a\u4fbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u674e\u5e73\u5728\u54ea\u513f\u3002\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u5417\uff1f 2) by oneself : \u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u5355\u72ec\u201d\u3001\u201c\u81ea\u884c\u201d\u3002\u5982\uff1a I can\u2019t leave her by herself. \u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u5979\u5355\u72ec\u7559\u4e0b\u3002 3) by and by : \u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0d\u4e45\u4ee5\u540e\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e0d\u4e00\u4f1a\u513f\u201d\u3002\u5982\uff1a But by and by , more and more people began to study English. \u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u4e45\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u82f1\u8bed\u4e86\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u6784\u6210\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0\u52a8\u540d\u8bcddoing\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4e3b\u8bed\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u3001\u8868\u8bed\u5b9a\u8bed\u7b49\u30021\uff09\u2605\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u5e38\u8003\uff09
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.\u5357\u65b9\u4e0e\u5317\u65b9\u5f00\u6218\u4e86\u30022\uff09\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bedWould you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
\u8bf7\u95ee\u4f60\u4ecb\u610f\u8c03\u5c0f\u4e00\u70b9\u6536\u97f3\u673a\u7684\u97f3\u91cf\u5417\uff1f3\uff09\u4f5c\u8868\u8bedBabysister\u2019s job is washing\uff0ccooking and taking care of the children\u3002\u4fdd\u59c6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u6d17\u8863\u670d\uff0c\u4f5c\u996d\u548c\u7167\u770b\u5b69\u5b50\u3002
Unit2
used to \u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u80af\u5b9a\u53e5\uff1aused\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u79f0\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0cto\u540e\u9762\u63a5\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u3002
\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\u662fdidn\u2019t use to\u2026.
When I was a child, I didn\u2019t use to like apples.\u5f53\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u82f9\u679c.
\u7591\u95ee\u5f62\u5f0f\u662fDid you use to\u2026?Where did you use to live before you came here?\u5f53\u4f60\u6765\u8fd9\u513f\u4e4b\u524d\u4f60\u4f4f\u54ea\u513f\uff1f
\uff082\uff09\u542b\u6709used to \u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u53cd\u610f\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u4e0d\u8981usedn\u2019t + \u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u800c\u7528didn\u2019t \uff0b \u4e3b\u8bed\u3002He used to smoke, didn\u2019t he?\u3000 \u4ed6\u8fc7\u53bb\u5e38\u5e38\u5438\u70df\uff0c\u662f\u5417\uff1fYes, he did./ No, he didn\u2019t. \u3000\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5438\u3002/ \u4e0d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5438\u3002
\uff083\uff09used to \u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u3002I am used to the weather here. \u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u4e86\u3002He is used to hard work. \u4ed6\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u8270\u82e6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\uff084\uff09used to \u53ef\u4ee5\u548cbe, have \u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u72b6\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u8fde\u7528\uff0c\u63cf\u5199\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002 I used to be a waiter, but now I\u2019m a taxi-driver.\u6211\u8fc7\u53bb\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5458\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u662f\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\u53f8\u673a\u3002
\u2605 \u672c\u5355\u5143\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u8fd0\u7528used to \u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u5c5e\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002Mario used to be short.\u3000\u9a6c\u529b\u5965\u8fc7\u53bb\u603b\u662f\u5f88\u77ee\u3002Amy used to be outgoing.\u3000\u7231\u7c73\u8fc7\u53bb\u6027\u683c\u5916\u5411\u3002Tina used to have long and straight hair.\u8482\u5a1c\u8fc7\u53bb\u6709\u4e00\u5934\u76f4\u7684\u957f\u5934\u53d1\u3002He used to wear black shoes. \u4ed6\u8fc7\u53bb\u5e38\u7a7f\u9ed1\u978b\u3002
Unit3
\u672c\u5355\u5143\u91cd\u70b9\u8bb2\u5230\u4e86\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3000\u3000\u82f1\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7531\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcdbe\u52a0\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u6784\u6210\u3002\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcdbe\u6709\u65f6\u6001\uff0c\u4eba\u79f0\u548c\u6570\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5176\u53d8\u5316\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u8fde\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcdbe\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u3002
\u4e00\u3001\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u53e5\u5f0f\u53d8\u5316\uff1a \u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u548c\u52a8\u8bcdinvite\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u8bf4\u660e\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u53e5\u5f0f\u53d8\u5316\uff1a
\u4e8c\u3001\u5404\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7ed3\u6784\u603b\u7ed3\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a \u3000\u3000\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u662f\u7531be\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff0cbe\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u6001\uff0c\u5168\u53e5\u5c31\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u6001\uff0cbe\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u4e3a\uff1a\u4e3b\uff0bam / is / are \uff08not\uff09\uff0b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u4e3a\uff1a\u4e3b\uff0bwas / were \uff0b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u3000\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684was / were born \u751f\u4e8e\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001.\u3000\u3000born\u662f\u4e2a\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff08bear\uff09\u3000\u3000\uff0dWhen were you born ? \uff0dI was born in 1989. \u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u6784\u6210\u4e3a: \u4e3b\u8bed\uff0bis / am / are + being \uff0b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd
\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u6784\u6210\u4e3a: \u4e3b\u8bed\uff0bhave / has \uff0bbeen \uff0b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd
\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001: \u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0bbe\uff0b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd
\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001: \u4e3b\u8bed\uff0bwill \uff0bbe \uff0b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd
\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001: \u4e3b\u8bed\uff0bwould / should + be \uff0b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd
\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001: \u4e3b\u8bed\uff0bwas / were + being \uff0b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd
\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001: \u4e3b\u8bed\uff0bhad + been +\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd
\u4e09\u3001\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6216\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8005\u662f\u8c01\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528by\uff0b\u52a8\u4f5c\u6267\u884c\u8005\u77ed\u8bed Football is played widely all over the world. \u5168\u4e16\u754c\u90fd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u8e22\u8db3\u7403\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u5f3a\u8c03\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u627f\u53d7\u8005\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5e94\u7528by\u77ed\u8bed\u3002The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon. \u6628\u5929\u4e0b\u5348\u8fd9\u5bb6\u94f6\u884c\u906d\u5230\u62a2\u52ab\u3002
\uff083\uff09\u4f5c\u5ba2\u89c2\u8bf4\u660e\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u53e5\u578bIt is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA.
\u636e\u62a5\u9053\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u7ea6\u4e8c\u5341\u540d\u513f\u7ae5\u6b7b\u4e8e\u6d41\u611f\u3002
\u56db\u3001\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u53d8\u4e3a\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u3000\u3000\uff081\uff09\u628a\u539f\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8bed\u3000\u3000\uff082\uff09\u52a8\u8bcd\u6539\u4e3a\u88ab\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373be+\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u3000\u3000\uff083\uff09\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u653e\u5728by\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u7701\u7565\u3002\u3000\u3000\u8bf7\u770b\u4e0b\u8868:
\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001
They make trains in Zhuzhou\uff0e They use this key for locking the classroom door\uff0eMany people speak English\uff0eHe wrote a letter\uff0eThey are building a road\uff0eTrains are made in Zhuzhou\uff0eThis key is used for locking the classroom door(by them)\uff0eEnglish is spoken by many people\uff0eA letter was written by him\uff0eA road is being built (by them)\uff0e
Unit4
\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u529d\u544a\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5047\u8bbe\u3001\u613f\u671b\u3001\u5efa\u8bae\u6216\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u7a7a\u60f3\u5c31\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u5206\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u548c\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u865a\u62df\uff08\u975e\u771f\u5b9e\uff09\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u624d\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u7528\u9648\u8ff0\u8bed\u6c14\u3002
\u8bf7\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a
\uff081\uff09If it is sunny tomorrow , we\u2019ll go to the zoo.
\u5982\u679c\u660e\u5929\u5929\u6c14\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f1a\u53bb\u516c\u56ed\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e2d\uff0c\u660e\u5929\u5929\u6c14\u597d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u865a\u62df\u3001\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u3002\u5728\u672c\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u201c\u4e3b\u5c06\u4ece\u73b0\u3002\u201d
\uff082\uff09If I were you , I would go at once.
\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6211\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u7acb\u523b\u5c31\u8d70\u3002\uff09\u5728\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e2d\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\uff0c\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u662f\u4f60\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4f60\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5f53\u6761\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u3002
\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u8868\u793a\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u65f6\u3002
\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528 \u201cshould/would/could/ might +\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u3002
1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.
2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b92. He doesn\u2019t know if he should bring a present.
\u6b64\u5904if\u8868\u793a\u201c\u662f\u5426\u201d\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002Should\u6b64\u5904\u8868\u793a\u201c\u5e94\u8be5\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u3002
E.g.1. I don\u2019t know if I should go to the party.
2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .
\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b93.If I were you , I\u2019d wear a shirt and tie.
if \u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u65f6\uff0cbe\u52a8\u8bcd\u53ea\u80fd\u7528were\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528was\u3002
E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .
\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b94. I don\u2019t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?
What if\u2026 \u201c\u5982\u679c\u2026\u2026\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f\u201d\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e what would happen if\u2026
E.g. What shall I do if it snows?
\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b95.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.
Trouble \u9ebb\u70e6\u4e8b ,\u540d\u8bcd
\u5e38\u7528\u642d\u914d \uff1aget (sb)into trouble get out of trouble what\u2019s the trouble
\u201cif\u201d\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u3002
Unit5
It must be--- (\u80af\u5b9a\u662f,100%)
It might/could be\u2026 (\u6709\u53ef\u80fd,20-80%)
It can\u2019t be\u2026 (\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u662f,0%)
\u7a0b\u5ea6\u80af\u5b9a\u53e5\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\u7591\u95ee\u53e5
must\u2605 \u2605 \u2605 \u2605\u221a
may\u2605 \u2605 \u2605\u221a\u221a
might
/could\u2605 \u2605\u221a
\u221a
\u221a
\u221a
can\u2019t
can\u2605\u221a
\u221a
1. --- Whose book is this?
--- It must be Mary\u2019s. (\u80af\u5b9a; \u4e00\u5b9a)
It must belong to Mary.
2. --- Whose French book is this?
--- It could be Ali\u2019s. She studies French. (\u53ef\u80fd)
3. The hair band might belong to Linda.
might be Linda\u2019s. (\u53ef\u80fd)
4. The T-shirt can\u2019t be John\u2019s. (\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd)
It\u2019s much too small for him.
\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a1. --- Whose pen is this?
--- It ____ Liu Mei because I saw her use it the other day.
A. can\u2019t be B. might be C. must belong to
2. That\u2019s a piece of good news. They ___ glad to hear that.
A. can be B. might be C. must be D. can\u2019t be
3. Mary ______ be in Paris. I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.
A. mustn\u2019t B. shouldn\u2019t C. can\u2019t D. may not
Unit6
\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5
1. who \u6307\u4eba,\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u6216\u5bbe\u8bed (\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u53ef\u7701\u7565\uff09
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom\u6307\u4eba,\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed (\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u53ef\u7701\u7565,\u5982\u4ecb\u8bcd\u63d0\u524d\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u7701)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which \u6307\u7269\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u6216\u5bbe\u8bed (\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u53ef\u7701\u7565, \u5982\u4ecb\u8bcd\u63d0\u524d\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u7701)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder \uff08which\uff09 he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that \u6307\u4eba/\u7269\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u6216\u5bbe\u8bed (\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u53ef\u7701\u7565\uff09
A plane is a machine. It can fly.\u2192A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. \u2192He is the man (that) I told you about.
The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
\u2193
The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
who
whom
that
The dress is new. She is wearing it.
\u2193
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
Ø
(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.
\u2193
He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
Ø
This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
\u2193
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Ø
\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u5f15\u5bfc\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u8981\u70b9\uff1a
1 \u7531\u4e8e\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u5728\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e0e\u4ece\u53e5\u95f4\u65e2\u8d77\u5230\u8054\u7cfb\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53c8\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c \u8981\u6b63\u786e\u5224\u65ad\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u8fd8\u662f\u5bbe\u8bed\u7b49\u3002
2 \u5f53\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u6307\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u53ef\u7528who\uff08\u505a\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff09\uff0cthat\uff08\u505a\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff09\uff0cwhom\uff08\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff09\uff0cwhose\uff08\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\uff09
3 \u5f53\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u6307\u7269\u65f6\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u53ef\u7528that\uff08\u505a\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff09\uff0cwhich\uff08\u505a\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff09
4 \u518d\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u957f\u53ef\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4ecb\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7701\u7565\u3002\u6307\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u4ecb\u8bcd\u540e\u53ea\u7528whom\uff0c\u6307\u7269\u65f6\uff0c\u4ecb\u8bcd\u540e\u53ea\u7528which\u3002
5 \u5728\u975e\u9650\u5236\u6027\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u7528who\uff0c\u6307\u7269\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u7528which\u3002
1\uff0e\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2dthat\u4e0ewho\u3001which\u7684\u533a\u522b
2\uff0e\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u5173\u7cfb\u8bcd\u7684\u7701\u7565
\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u9898
1. The first job ________I found was to be a cleaner.
A. where B. why C. which D. that
\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u6307\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u524d\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u8bcd\u4fee\u9970\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcdthat\u3002\u6545\u672c\u9898\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u662fD\u3002
2. I don\u2019t think history is as interesting as English.\uff08\u6539\u4e3a\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\uff09
I think history is ___________ interesting _________ English.
\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u7b54\u6848\u662f\uff1aless; than\u3002\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u4e0d\u5982\u82f1\u8bed\u6709\u8da3\u201d\u3002
3. The woman who is wearing the hat is my mother.\uff08\u6539\u4e3a\u540c\u4e49\u53e5\uff09
The woman ________ the hat is my mother.
\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u8bfb\u9898\u540e\u53ef\u77e5\uff1a\u4e0a\u53e5\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u201c\u6234\u5e3d\u5b50\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5987\u5973\u65ed\u6211\u7684\u5988\u5988\u201d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0b\u53e5\uff0c\u53ef\u77e5\u7a7a\u683c\u5904\u5e94\u586b\u201c\u6234\u201d\uff0c\u6545\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u662fin\u3002
\u9009\u62e9\u586b\u7a7a
1. The poor boy ________ lost both his parents last year is called Mike\uff0e
A\uff0ewhich B\uff0ewhat C\uff0ewho D\uff0e\uff0f
2. The bridge ________ has been there for nearly fifty years still looks nice\uff0e
A\uff0ewhich B\uff0ewhat C\uff0e\uff0f D\uff0ewho
3. I\u2019m one of the students _______well in English in my class\uff0e
A\uff0ewho does B\uff0ewho do C\uff0ewhich does D\uff0ewho did
4. Is this factory ________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A\uff0ethat B\uff0ewhere C\uff0ewhich D\uff0ethe one
5. All______ they have done is good for us\uff0e
A\uff0ewhat B\uff0ewhich C\uff0ewhy D\uff0ethat
Unit7
\u8868\u8fbe\u610f\u613f\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u5b50
a. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
b. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
c. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
d. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
\u7b54\u6848\uff1aa. I hope to b. I\u2019d like to c. I\u2019d love to d. I want to
She would like to go to New York. \uff08\u5bf9\u5212\u7ebf\u90e8\u5206\u63d0\u95ee\uff09
\u7b54\u6848\uff1aWhere would she like to go?
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1awhere\u5728\u672c\u53e5\u4e2d\u4e3a\u526f\u8bcd\uff0cgo\u540e\u9762\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u52a0to\uff0c\u800cWhich city would she like to go to? \u4e2dwhich\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8bcd\u3002
\u4e5d\u5e74\u7ea7\u82f1\u8bed\u590d\u4e60---\u8bed\u6cd5\u8bb2\u89e3(Units8-15)
Unit8
1\u3001\u77ed\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5c0f\u7ed3
\u5e38\u89c1\u77ed\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a
1.\u52a8\u8bcd+\u526f\u8bcd \u5982\uff1agive up \u653e\u5f03 turn off \u5173\u6389 stay up \u71ac\u591c
\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u65f6\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5176\u5bbe\u8bed\u662f\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u548c\u526f\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5219\u65e2\u53ef\u63d2\u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u548c\u526f\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u653e \u5728\u77ed\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u3002
2. \u52a8\u8bcd+\u4ecb\u8bcd \u5982\uff1alisten of \u542c look at \u770b belong to \u5c5e\u4e8e
\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u5bbe\u8bed\u3002
3. \u52a8\u8bcd+\u526f\u8bcd+\u4ecb\u8bcd \u5982\uff1acome up with \u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u60f3\u51fa run out of \u7528\u5b8c\uff0c\u8017\u5c3d
4. \u52a8\u8bcd+\u540d\u8bcd(\u4ecb\u8bcd) \u5982\uff1atake part in\u53c2\u52a0 catch hold of \u6293\u4f4f
2\u3001\u5012\u88c5\u53e5
not only \u2026 but (also) \u2026 \u4e0d\u4f46\u2026 \u800c\u4e14\u2026 \u7528\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e76\u5217\u7684\u6210\u5206
(1)\u5f15\u5bfc\u4ee5 not only \u2026but (also)\u2026 \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u5f80\u5f80\u5f15\u8d77\u90e8\u5206\u5012\u88c5\u3002
\u56e0\u6b64 \u2474Not only do I feel good but (also)\u2026. \u662f\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u3002\u4e5f\u662f\u8bf4\u5f97\u8981
\u628a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216\u8005\u662f\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u653e\u5728\u4e3b\u8bed\u7684\u524d\u9762\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\u2460Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. \u6211\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u800c\u4e14\u505a\u5f97\u6700\u597d\u3002
\u2475Not only\u2026but (also)\u2026 \u63a5\u4e24\u4e3b\u8bed\u65f6\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u968f\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u4eba\u79f0\u548c\u6570\u7684\u53d8\u5316 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5c31\u8fd1\u539f\u5219 \u5982\uff1a
\u2460Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. \u4e0d\u4ec5\u8389\u8389\u800c\u4e14\u4f60\u4e5f\u559c\u6b22\u732b\u3002
\u2461Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. \u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f60\u800c\u4e14\u8389\u8389\u559c\u6b22\u732b\u3002
\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5c31\u8fd1\u539f\u5219\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\uff1a
Neither\u2026 nor\u2026\u5373\u4e0d\u2026\u4e5f\u4e0d\u2026 (\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u4e0d)
Neither you nor I like him. \u6211\u548c\u4f60\u90fd\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u4ed6\u3002
Either\u2026 or\u2026 \u4e0d\u662f\u2026\u5c31\u662f\u2026 (\u4e24\u8005\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a)
Either Lily or you are a student.
Not only \u2026but (also)\u2026
There be
whether 和 if 均可用来引导主语从句，但 if 引导的从句不能位于句首。如： Whether they win or lose is all the same to me. 他们是赢是输於我都一样 . （此时 whether 不能换作 if ） It's doubtful whether there'll be any seats left. 说不上还有没有空座位了 . ( 此句 whether 能换作 if)
【评】错大发了。应说：均可引导动词的宾语从句。if 是不能引导主语从句的。
2.whether 和 if 均可用来引导宾语从句。如：
① I don't know whether/if I will be able to come. 我不知道我是否能来 .
② She asked me whether/if I was interested in working for her. 她问我是否有兴趣为她工作。
③ We'll be told tomorrow whether we should take the exam or not. 我们明天才知道是不是应该参加考试 .
④ I asked him whether he had done all the work himself or whether he had had any assistance. 我问他这些工作都是他自己做的还是别人帮他做的 .
( 注意 : 在两个供选择的从句之间若用 or 字 , 则须重复 whether 一字 . )
注 :
⑴当强调宾语从句并将其提前时只能用 whether 。如 :Whether I'll have time to go with you I am not sure. 我很难说我们是否有时间跟你们一起去
【评】例句不当。I am not sure 后本就不该用if, 如改成：I don't know，就好。
⑵从句作介词宾语时只用 whether 不用 if 。如 :She was undecided about whether she should accept his offer. 她拿不定主意应该不应该接受他的好意
⑶当 whether 和 or not 连用时，只用 whether 不用 if 。当 or not 放在 whether 引导的从句句尾，则可以用 if 来替换。 如 :
I don’t know whether or not he will come. 我不知道他是不是回来。
I'll be happy whether/if I get the job or not 我能不能得到那份工作都一样高兴
【评】错例! 这里的whether是引导让步状语从句的，意为：无论。。。还是。。。，不能用if . not. 将上一句改一下就可以了：
I don't know whether/if he will come or not.
⑷当 whether 和 or 连用表示明确的选择时，只用 whether 不用 if 。 如 :
He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or by bus. 他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。
He hesitated about whether he should drive or take the train. 他开车去还是坐火车去 , 犹豫不决
【评】例句不当，介词后本就应用whether,不用if
注 :whether 和 or 连用还可以引导让步状语从句 , 此时也不用 if 。如： We'll go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or not. 不管我们能否找到所需的工具 , 我们要把这件工作做下去。
Whether or not it rains / Whether it rains or not, we're playing football on Saturday. 无论下不下雨 , 我们星期六一定踢足球 .
⑸动词 discuss ， decide, consider 等后习惯上也常用 Whether 引导从句，不用 if 。
They discussed whether they should leave at once. 他们讨论了是否应该马上离开
We discussed whether the house should be sold. 我们讨论了这房子是否应卖掉
【评】我以前只知道discuss后，另两个我没听说过。如能找到权威例句，则这条也有问题。
就是disscuss后不用if代替whether, 我也不是很理解。不知道是谁发现并总结出来的规则！这种规则很容易打破，比如我在网上看到：
The Committee: They Decide If I Live Or Die 作者:Clay Cornelius
说明decide之后有用if代替whether的例子。
英语句型转换题目： He cant decide if he will go to his cousins birthday party. He can't decide_ _ go to his cousin's birthday party . 同义句。
Please consider if this is feasible.是否可行, 请斟酌。
【】甚至我都怀疑，这个discuss后面有没有跟if的老外！ 对于这一条，我始终将信将疑！
British meteorologists and climate scientists are meeting to discuss if the unusual weather is "a run of natural variability" or the product of human-...
3. 表语从句用 whether 引导不用 if. 如 :
① The doubt was whether you had broken the beautiful vase. 疑问是你是否打坏了这只漂亮的花瓶。
【评】例句和翻译很差。不如改成：The question is ... 问题是。。。
4. 同位语从句用 whether 引导不用 if. 如 :
① The question whether we'll build another lecture building hasn't been settled. 是否要另建一幢教学楼的问题还未决定。
5. 在动词不定式之前，只能用 whether ，不能用 if 。如 :
① The question is whether to go to Munich or Vienna. 问题是去慕尼黑还是去维也纳 .
② She doesn't knows whether to get married now or wait. 是否现在结婚或是等待她不知道。
③ We were wondering whether to go today or tomorrow. 我们弄不清是今天走还是明天走 .
④ I'm not sure whether to resign or stay on. 我拿不准主意是辞职还是留任 .
【】【】一句话总结【】【】if 和whether引导名词性从句的区别【】
在除discuss以外的及物动词后面的宾语从句中，在不引起歧义的条件下，可以用if代替whether,，但是不能直接跟or not.
不能用if代替whether的情况：
引导其它名词性从句时，只能用whether,不能用if
有歧义时，不用if
介词的宾语从句，不用if引导。
discuss的宾语从句不用if引导
引导让步状语从句，不用if
楼主，我指出原文的六处错误或不当之处。
首先 标题应该 是 whether 和if 引导名词性从句 时 的区别
最好不要牵涉 引导 状语从句 的用法 。
简单补充说明如下
二者 都是连接词 都不能 作句子成分 。
引导宾语从句 时可以互换
但是
如果宾语从句 是否定式 时 不能用whether
如 i don't care if he won't come.正确
i don't care whether he won't come错误
i don't care if/whether he will come or not .正确
i don't care whether or not he will come 正确
i don't care if or not he will come 错误。
decide、discuss后 不用if 用whether引导宾从
引导主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 一般只能用whether
但是
如果it作形式主语 后面的主语从句 用if、whether均可。
介词的宾语从句 只能用whether引导
总结的不错，此外whether可以直接用来引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter if
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