牛顿简介及成就和贡献？英文版的``急！ 英文简介牛顿
Newton Biography Newton on January 4, 1642 Born in England Woersuopu village near Grantham in Lincolnshire. In 1661 into the University of Cambridge, Trinity College, 1665 Bachelor of Arts. The next two years at home to avoid the plague, he developed a life here and create a blueprint for most of the important science. Newton back in 1667 in Cambridge, Trinity College, Cambridge after the election to the House Committee, received a master's degree the following year. 1669 appointed professor of mathematics at Cambridge University, Lucas seats until 1701. Supervision of either the Royal Mint in 1696, and moved to London. 1703 appointed the Royal Society. 1706 Queen Anne knighted by the British. In his later years, Newton concentrated on natural philosophy and theology. March 20, 1727, Newton died in London at the age of 84.NOTE: Newton is the Julian calendar December 25, 1642, the Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar) January 4, 1643, so the correct birth date is January 4. Newton's contribution to 1. To Newton's three laws of motion based on the establishment of Newtonian mechanics.
2. Discovered law of universal gravitation.
3. The establishment of the planet's law theory.
4. Is committed to Mitsubishi Mirror dispersion of the research and invention of a reflecting telescope.
5. Discovered the binomial theorem and mathematical calculus method.
6. The origin of modern atomic theory. EffortThe creation of calculus is Newton's most outstanding mathematical achievement. Newton to address the issue of the movement before the creation of such direct contact and the physical concept of the mathematical theory of Newton called the "flow of the number of patients." He stood a higher point of view of previous efforts to synthesize dispersed, since ancient Greece will be infinitely small problems to solve a variety of techniques for the two common algorithms for unification - differential and integral, and established two types of operations inverse relationship between each other, thus completing the invention of calculus, the most critical step for the development of modern science provides the most effective tools, opening up a new era in mathematics.
1707, Newton's algebra lecture notes have been collated after the publication, known as the "universal arithmetic." Newton's analytic geometry and synthesis of geometry, have contributed. In his 1736 book "Analytic Geometry" in the introduction of the curvature center, given the close-line circle (or curve round) concept, the curvature of the curvature of the formula and calculation method of curve. And its own research results summarized in many monographs, "cubic curve enumeration", was published in 1704. In addition, his mathematical work also involves numerical analysis, probability theory and elementary number theory and other fields.
Newton's theory of classical mechanics is a natural pioneer. He summed up the system, Galileo, Kepler, and Huygens and others was given by the well-known laws of gravity and Newton's three laws.
F = G (m1m2 / r 2) (m1 and m2 are two objects, the quality of, r the distance between the two objects). During the same period, Wren, Halley and Hooke and other scientists are exploring the mysteries of celestial movement, of which Hooke is more prominent, and he had been aware of the inverse square law of gravity, as Newton did, but he lacked the mathematical skills, can not be too a quantitative representation.
Newton's three laws form the theoretical basis of classical mechanics. These laws are a large number of experiments based on the sum up is to solve the mechanical movement's basic theory. In 1687, Newton published a masterpiece "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy", which is a classic mechanics.
In optics, the Newton also made great achievements. He used the prism of the white test are broken down into colors of light, the earliest found in the composition of white light. He colored light refractive index of an exact analysis to clarify the essence of the phenomenon of dispersion. He pointed out that, because of the different colors of light refractive index and reflectivity of different colors of an object that has caused the difference, thus opening the color of the fan. Newton also made light of the "corpuscular theory". In addition, he also produced a Newton-color plate and a reflecting telescope and other optical instruments.
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