电势和电势能和电场强度是矢量还是标量 场强 电场力 电势 电势能 电势差 电场力做功 哪个是是矢量...
\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u662f\u6807\u91cf\u8fd8\u662f\u77e2\u91cf\uff1f\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u662f\u6807\u91cf\u3002
\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u7535\u573a\u7684\u7535\u8377\u5206\u5e03\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u52bf\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0e\u7535\u8377\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u7ec4\u6001\u6709\u5173\u3002\u4e00\u70b9\u7535\u8377\u5728\u9759\u7535\u573a\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e24\u70b9\uff08\u5982A\u70b9\u548cB\u70b9\uff09\u7684\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u4e4b\u5dee\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eceA\u70b9\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u53e6B\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u9759\u7535\u529b\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u529f\u3002 \u6545WAB=qEd (E\u4e3a\u8be5\u70b9\u7684\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0cd\u4e3a\u6cbf\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb) \uff0c\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u662f\u7535\u8377\u548c\u7535\u573a\u6240\u5171\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u3002\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u53ea\u6709\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u662f\u6807\u91cf\u3002
\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u516c\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7535\u573a\uff0c\u5904\u4e8e\u7535\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u8377\u53ca\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u96f6\u70b9\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u70b9\u7535\u8377\uff08\u7535\u91cf\u4e3aq\uff09\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u9759\u7535\u573a\uff0c\u5176\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u4e0e\u7535\u8377q\u6240\u5904\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5230\u70b9\u7535\u8377\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8ddd\u79bbr\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u5173\u7cfb\uff1aWe=kQq/r\u3002\u5176\u4e2dk\u4e3a\u5e38\u6570\u3002
\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u7535\u573a\u529b\u505a\u529f\u6c42\u5f97\uff1a
\u56e0\u4e3a WAB=qUAB=q(\u03a6A-\u03a6B)=q\u03a6A-q\u03a6B=EA(\u521d)-EB(\u672b)= -\u25b3E\uff0c\uff08\u03a6\u4e3a\u7535\u52bf\uff0cq\u4e3a\u7535\u8377\u91cf\uff0cU\u4e3a\u7535\u52bf\u5dee\uff0cEA(\u521d\uff09\u3001EB(\u672b\uff09\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u70b9\u7684\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\uff09\u3002
\u7535\u573a\u529b\u505a\u529f\u8ddf\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u53d8\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a
WAB>0,\u25b3Ep<0,\u7535\u573a\u529b\u505a\u6b63\u529f\uff0c\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u51cf\u5c0f~\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u80fd\uff1b
WAB0,\u7535\u573a\u529b\u505a\u8d1f\u529f\uff0c\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u589e\u52a0~\u5176\u5b83\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u3002
\u5927\u5c0f\u5224\u65ad
1\u3001\u573a\u6e90\u7535\u8377\u5224\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u79bb\u573a\u6e90\u6b63\u7535\u8377\u8d8a\u8fd1\uff0c\u8bd5\u63a2\u6b63\u7535\u8377\u7684\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8bd5\u63a2\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u7684\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3002
2\u3001\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u6cd5\uff1a\u6b63\u7535\u8377\u987a\u7740\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u9006\u7740\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u5927\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u987a\u7740\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u5927,\u9006\u7740\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\u65f6,\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5c0f\u3002
3\u3001\u505a\u529f\u5224\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6b63\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\uff0c\u7535\u573a\u529b\u505a\u6b63\u529f\uff0c\u7535\u8377\u7684\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u7535\u573a\u529b\u505a\u8d1f\u529f\uff0c\u7535\u8377\u7684\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u589e\u52a0\u3002
\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1-\u7535\u52bf\u80fd
\u573a\u5f3a\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684 \u516c\u5f0fE=F/q
\u7535\u573a\u529b\u505a\u6b63\u529f\uff0c\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u6e90\u7535\u8377\u4e0e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7535\u8377\u5e26\u7535\u4e00\u5b9a\u76f8\u53cd
\u9644\u8868
1.\u4e24\u79cd\u7535\u8377\u3001\u7535\u8377\u5b88\u6052\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3001\u5143\u7535\u8377\uff1a(e\uff1d1.60\u00d710-19C\uff09\uff1b\u5e26\u7535\u4f53\u7535\u8377\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u5143\u7535\u8377\u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d
2.\u5e93\u4ed1\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1aF\uff1dkQ1Q2/r2\uff08\u5728\u771f\u7a7a\u4e2d\uff09\uff5bF:\u70b9\u7535\u8377\u95f4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u529b(N)\uff0ck:\u9759\u7535\u529b\u5e38\u91cfk\uff1d9.0\u00d7109N•m2/C2\uff0cQ1\u3001Q2:\u4e24\u70b9\u7535\u8377\u7684\u7535\u91cf(C)\uff0cr:\u4e24\u70b9\u7535\u8377\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb(m)\uff0c\u65b9\u5411\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8fde\u7ebf\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u4e0e\u53cd\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\uff0c\u540c\u79cd\u7535\u8377\u4e92\u76f8\u6392\u65a5\uff0c\u5f02\u79cd\u7535\u8377\u4e92\u76f8\u5438\u5f15\uff5d
3.\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff1aE\uff1dF/q\uff08\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f0f\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f0f)\uff5bE:\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6(N/C)\uff0c\u662f\u77e2\u91cf\uff08\u7535\u573a\u7684\u53e0\u52a0\u539f\u7406\uff09\uff0cq\uff1a\u68c0\u9a8c\u7535\u8377\u7684\u7535\u91cf(C)\uff5d
4.\u771f\u7a7a\u70b9\uff08\u6e90\uff09\u7535\u8377\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7535\u573aE\uff1dkQ/r2 \uff5br\uff1a\u6e90\u7535\u8377\u5230\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff08m\uff09\uff0cQ\uff1a\u6e90\u7535\u8377\u7684\u7535\u91cf\uff5d
5.\u5300\u5f3a\u7535\u573a\u7684\u573a\u5f3aE\uff1dUAB/d \uff5bUAB:AB\u4e24\u70b9\u95f4\u7684\u7535\u538b(V)\uff0cd:AB\u4e24\u70b9\u5728\u573a\u5f3a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb(m)\uff5d
6.\u7535\u573a\u529b\uff1aF\uff1dqE \uff5bF:\u7535\u573a\u529b(N)\uff0cq:\u53d7\u5230\u7535\u573a\u529b\u7684\u7535\u8377\u7684\u7535\u91cf(C)\uff0cE:\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6(N/C)\uff5d
7.\u7535\u52bf\u4e0e\u7535\u52bf\u5dee\uff1aUAB\uff1d\u03c6A-\u03c6B\uff0cUAB\uff1dWAB/q\uff1d-\u0394EAB/q
8.\u7535\u573a\u529b\u505a\u529f\uff1aWAB\uff1dqUAB\uff1dEqd\uff5bWAB:\u5e26\u7535\u4f53\u7531A\u5230B\u65f6\u7535\u573a\u529b\u6240\u505a\u7684\u529f(J)\uff0cq:\u5e26\u7535\u91cf(C)\uff0cUAB:\u7535\u573a\u4e2dA\u3001B\u4e24\u70b9\u95f4\u7684\u7535\u52bf\u5dee(V)(\u7535\u573a\u529b\u505a\u529f\u4e0e\u8def\u5f84\u65e0\u5173),E:\u5300\u5f3a\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6,d:\u4e24\u70b9\u6cbf\u573a\u5f3a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb(m)\uff5d
9.\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\uff1aEA\uff1dq\u03c6A \uff5bEA:\u5e26\u7535\u4f53\u5728A\u70b9\u7684\u7535\u52bf\u80fd(J)\uff0cq:\u7535\u91cf(C)\uff0c\u03c6A:A\u70b9\u7684\u7535\u52bf(V)\uff5d
10.\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u0394EAB\uff1dEB-EA \uff5b\u5e26\u7535\u4f53\u5728\u7535\u573a\u4e2d\u4eceA\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5230B\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65f6\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u7684\u5dee\u503c\uff5d
11.\u7535\u573a\u529b\u505a\u529f\u4e0e\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u53d8\u5316\u0394EAB\uff1d-WAB\uff1d-qUAB (\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u7684\u589e\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u7535\u573a\u529b\u505a\u529f\u7684\u8d1f\u503c)
12.\u7535\u5bb9C\uff1dQ/U(\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f0f,\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f0f) \uff5bC:\u7535\u5bb9(F)\uff0cQ:\u7535\u91cf(C)\uff0cU:\u7535\u538b(\u4e24\u6781\u677f\u7535\u52bf\u5dee)(V)\uff5d
13.\u5e73\u884c\u677f\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u7535\u5bb9C\uff1d\u03b5S/4\u03c0kd\uff08S:\u4e24\u6781\u677f\u6b63\u5bf9\u9762\u79ef\uff0cd:\u4e24\u6781\u677f\u95f4\u7684\u5782\u76f4\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u03c9\uff1a\u4ecb\u7535\u5e38\u6570\uff09
\u5e38\u89c1\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u3014\u89c1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518cP111\u3015
14.\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u7535\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u52a0\u901f(Vo\uff1d0)\uff1aW\uff1d\u0394EK\u6216qU\uff1dmVt2/2\uff0cVt\uff1d(2qU/m)1/2
15.\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u6cbf\u5782\u76f4\u7535\u573a\u65b9\u5411\u4ee5\u901f\u5ea6Vo\u8fdb\u5165\u5300\u5f3a\u7535\u573a\u65f6\u7684\u504f\u8f6c(\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u91cd\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b)
\u7c7b\u5e73 \u5782\u76f4\u7535\u573a\u65b9\u5411:\u5300\u901f\u76f4\u7ebf\u8fd0\u52a8L\uff1dVot(\u5728\u5e26\u7b49\u91cf\u5f02\u79cd\u7535\u8377\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u6781\u677f\u4e2d\uff1aE\uff1dU/d)
\u629b\u8fd0\u52a8 \u5e73\u884c\u7535\u573a\u65b9\u5411:\u521d\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u96f6\u7684\u5300\u52a0\u901f\u76f4\u7ebf\u8fd0\u52a8d\uff1dat2/2\uff0ca\uff1dF/m\uff1dqE/m
\u6ce8:
(1)\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5e26\u7535\u91d1\u5c5e\u5c0f\u7403\u63a5\u89e6\u65f6,\u7535\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u89c4\u5f8b:\u539f\u5e26\u5f02\u79cd\u7535\u8377\u7684\u5148\u4e2d\u548c\u540e\u5e73\u5206,\u539f\u5e26\u540c\u79cd\u7535\u8377\u7684\u603b\u91cf\u5e73\u5206\uff1b
(2)\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u4ece\u6b63\u7535\u8377\u51fa\u53d1\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e8e\u8d1f\u7535\u8377,\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u4e0d\u76f8\u4ea4,\u5207\u7ebf\u65b9\u5411\u4e3a\u573a\u5f3a\u65b9\u5411,\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u5bc6\u5904\u573a\u5f3a\u5927,\u987a\u7740\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u7535\u52bf\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4f4e,\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u4e0e\u7b49\u52bf\u7ebf\u5782\u76f4\uff1b
\uff083\uff09\u5e38\u89c1\u7535\u573a\u7684\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u5206\u5e03\u8981\u6c42\u719f\u8bb0\u3014\u89c1\u56fe[\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518cP98]\uff1b
(4)\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff08\u77e2\u91cf\uff09\u4e0e\u7535\u52bf\uff08\u6807\u91cf\uff09\u5747\u7531\u7535\u573a\u672c\u8eab\u51b3\u5b9a,\u800c\u7535\u573a\u529b\u4e0e\u7535\u52bf\u80fd\u8fd8\u4e0e\u5e26\u7535\u4f53\u5e26\u7684\u7535\u91cf\u591a\u5c11\u548c\u7535\u8377\u6b63\u8d1f\u6709\u5173\uff1b
(5)\u5904\u4e8e\u9759\u7535\u5e73\u8861\u5bfc\u4f53\u662f\u4e2a\u7b49\u52bf\u4f53,\u8868\u9762\u662f\u4e2a\u7b49\u52bf\u9762,\u5bfc\u4f53\u5916\u8868\u9762\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u5782\u76f4\u4e8e\u5bfc\u4f53\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u5bfc\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u5408\u573a\u5f3a\u4e3a\u96f6,\u5bfc\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u6ca1\u6709\u51c0\u7535\u8377,\u51c0\u7535\u8377\u53ea\u5206\u5e03\u4e8e\u5bfc\u4f53\u5916\u8868\u9762\uff1b
(6)\u7535\u5bb9\u5355\u4f4d\u6362\u7b97\uff1a1F\uff1d106\u03bcF\uff1d1012PF\uff1b
(7\uff09\u7535\u5b50\u4f0f(eV)\u662f\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u5355\u4f4d,1eV\uff1d1.60\u00d710-19J\uff1b
(8)\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u9759\u7535\u5c4f\u853d\u3014\u89c1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518cP101\u3015/\u793a\u6ce2\u7ba1\u3001\u793a\u6ce2\u5668\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u3014\u89c1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518cP114\u3015\u7b49\u52bf\u9762\u3014\u89c1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518cP105\u3015\u3002
\u6052\u5b9a\u7535\u6d41
1.\u7535\u6d41\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff1aI\uff1dq/t\uff5bI:\u7535\u6d41\u5f3a\u5ea6(A\uff09\uff0cq:\u5728\u65f6\u95f4t\u5185\u901a\u8fc7\u5bfc\u4f53\u6a2a\u8f7d\u9762\u7684\u7535\u91cf(C\uff09\uff0ct:\u65f6\u95f4(s\uff09\uff5d
2.\u6b27\u59c6\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1aI\uff1dU/R \uff5bI:\u5bfc\u4f53\u7535\u6d41\u5f3a\u5ea6(A)\uff0cU:\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e24\u7aef\u7535\u538b(V)\uff0cR:\u5bfc\u4f53\u963b\u503c(\u03a9)\uff5d
3.\u7535\u963b\u3001\u7535\u963b\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1aR\uff1d\u03c1L/S\uff5b\u03c1:\u7535\u963b\u7387(\u03a9•m)\uff0cL:\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u957f\u5ea6(m)\uff0cS:\u5bfc\u4f53\u6a2a\u622a\u9762\u79ef(m2)\uff5d
4.\u95ed\u5408\u7535\u8def\u6b27\u59c6\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1aI\uff1dE/(r R)\u6216E\uff1dIr IR\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662fE\uff1dU\u5185 U\u5916
\uff5bI:\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u603b\u7535\u6d41(A)\uff0cE:\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u52a8\u52bf(V)\uff0cR:\u5916\u7535\u8def\u7535\u963b(\u03a9)\uff0cr:\u7535\u6e90\u5185\u963b(\u03a9)\uff5d
5.\u7535\u529f\u4e0e\u7535\u529f\u7387\uff1aW\uff1dUIt\uff0cP\uff1dUI\uff5bW:\u7535\u529f(J)\uff0cU:\u7535\u538b(V)\uff0cI:\u7535\u6d41(A)\uff0ct:\u65f6\u95f4(s)\uff0cP:\u7535\u529f\u7387(W)\uff5d
6.\u7126\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1aQ\uff1dI2Rt\uff5bQ:\u7535\u70ed(J)\uff0cI:\u901a\u8fc7\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u7535\u6d41(A)\uff0cR:\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u7535\u963b\u503c(\u03a9)\uff0ct:\u901a\u7535\u65f6\u95f4(s)\uff5d
7.\u7eaf\u7535\u963b\u7535\u8def\u4e2d:\u7531\u4e8eI\uff1dU/R,W\uff1dQ\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64W\uff1dQ\uff1dUIt\uff1dI2Rt\uff1dU2t/R
8.\u7535\u6e90\u603b\u52a8\u7387\u3001\u7535\u6e90\u8f93\u51fa\u529f\u7387\u3001\u7535\u6e90\u6548\u7387\uff1aP\u603b\uff1dIE\uff0cP\u51fa\uff1dIU\uff0c\u03b7\uff1dP\u51fa/P\u603b\uff5bI:\u7535\u8def\u603b\u7535\u6d41(A)\uff0cE:\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u52a8\u52bf(V)\uff0cU:\u8def\u7aef\u7535\u538b(V)\uff0c\u03b7\uff1a\u7535\u6e90\u6548\u7387\uff5d
9.\u7535\u8def\u7684\u4e32/\u5e76\u8054 \u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def(P\u3001U\u4e0eR\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4) \u5e76\u8054\u7535\u8def(P\u3001I\u4e0eR\u6210\u53cd\u6bd4)
\u7535\u963b\u5173\u7cfb(\u4e32\u540c\u5e76\u53cd) R\u4e32\uff1dR1 R2 R3 1/R\u5e76\uff1d1/R1 1/R2 1/R3
\u7535\u6d41\u5173\u7cfb I\u603b\uff1dI1\uff1dI2\uff1dI3 I\u5e76\uff1dI1 I2 I3
\u7535\u538b\u5173\u7cfb U\u603b\uff1dU1 U2 U3 U\u603b\uff1dU1\uff1dU2\uff1dU3
\u529f\u7387\u5206\u914d P\u603b\uff1dP1 P2 P3 P\u603b\uff1dP1 P2 P3
10.\u6b27\u59c6\u8868\u6d4b\u7535\u963b
(1)\u7535\u8def\u7ec4\u6210 (2)\u6d4b\u91cf\u539f\u7406
\u4e24\u8868\u7b14\u77ed\u63a5\u540e,\u8c03\u8282Ro\u4f7f\u7535\u8868\u6307\u9488\u6ee1\u504f\uff0c\u5f97
Ig\uff1dE/(r Rg Ro)
\u63a5\u5165\u88ab\u6d4b\u7535\u963bRx\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u8868\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u4e3a
Ix\uff1dE/(r Rg Ro Rx)\uff1dE/(R\u4e2d Rx)
\u7531\u4e8eIx\u4e0eRx\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u6307\u793a\u88ab\u6d4b\u7535\u963b\u5927\u5c0f
(3)\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5:\u673a\u68b0\u8c03\u96f6\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u91cf\u7a0b\u3001\u6b27\u59c6\u8c03\u96f6\u3001\u6d4b\u91cf\u8bfb\u6570\uff5b\u6ce8\u610f\u6321\u4f4d(\u500d\u7387)\uff5d\u3001\u62e8off\u6321\u3002
(4)\u6ce8\u610f:\u6d4b\u91cf\u7535\u963b\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u4e0e\u539f\u7535\u8def\u65ad\u5f00,\u9009\u62e9\u91cf\u7a0b\u4f7f\u6307\u9488\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u9644\u8fd1,\u6bcf\u6b21\u6362\u6321\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u77ed\u63a5\u6b27\u59c6\u8c03\u96f6\u3002
11.\u4f0f\u5b89\u6cd5\u6d4b\u7535\u963b
\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u5185\u63a5\u6cd5\uff1a
\u7535\u538b\u8868\u793a\u6570\uff1aU\uff1dUR UA
\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u5916\u63a5\u6cd5\uff1a
\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u793a\u6570\uff1aI\uff1dIR IV
Rx\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u503c\uff1dU/I\uff1d(UA UR)/IR\uff1dRA Rx>R\u771f
Rx\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u503c\uff1dU/I\uff1dUR/(IR IV)\uff1dRVRx/(RV R)<R\u771f
\u9009\u7528\u7535\u8def\u6761\u4ef6Rx>>RA [\u6216Rx>(RARV)1/2]
\u9009\u7528\u7535\u8def\u6761\u4ef6Rx<<RV [\u6216Rx<(RARV)1/2]
12.\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u5728\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u63a5\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5206\u538b\u63a5\u6cd5
\u9650\u6d41\u63a5\u6cd5
\u7535\u538b\u8c03\u8282\u8303\u56f4\u5c0f,\u7535\u8def\u7b80\u5355,\u529f\u8017\u5c0f
\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8c03\u8282\u7535\u538b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6761\u4ef6Rp>Rx
\u7535\u538b\u8c03\u8282\u8303\u56f4\u5927,\u7535\u8def\u590d\u6742,\u529f\u8017\u8f83\u5927
\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8c03\u8282\u7535\u538b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6761\u4ef6Rp<Rx
\u6ce81)\u5355\u4f4d\u6362\u7b97\uff1a1A\uff1d103mA\uff1d106\u03bcA\uff1b1kV\uff1d103V\uff1d106mA\uff1b1M\u03a9\uff1d103k\u03a9\uff1d106\u03a9
(2)\u5404\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7535\u963b\u7387\u90fd\u968f\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u53d8\u5316,\u91d1\u5c5e\u7535\u963b\u7387\u968f\u6e29\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\u800c\u589e\u5927\uff1b
(3)\u4e32\u8054\u603b\u7535\u963b\u5927\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7535\u963b,\u5e76\u8054\u603b\u7535\u963b\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7535\u963b\uff1b
(4)\u5f53\u7535\u6e90\u6709\u5185\u963b\u65f6,\u5916\u7535\u8def\u7535\u963b\u589e\u5927\u65f6,\u603b\u7535\u6d41\u51cf\u5c0f,\u8def\u7aef\u7535\u538b\u589e\u5927\uff1b
(5)\u5f53\u5916\u7535\u8def\u7535\u963b\u7b49\u4e8e\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u963b\u65f6,\u7535\u6e90\u8f93\u51fa\u529f\u7387\u6700\u5927,\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u529f\u7387\u4e3aE2/(2r)\uff1b
(6)\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u7535\u963b\u7387\u4e0e\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u8d85\u5bfc\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u3014\u89c1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518cP127\u3015\u3002
电势在静电学里，电势（electric potential）（又称为电位）定义为：处于电场中某个位置的单位电荷所具有的电势能。电势只有大小，没有方向，是标量，其数值不具有绝对意义，只具有相对意义。
电势能静电场中的势能。一点电荷在静电场中某两点（如A点和B点）的电势能之差等于它从A点移动到另B点时，静电力所作的功。 故WAB=qEd (E为该点的电场强度，d为沿电场线的距离) ，电势能是电荷和电场所共有的，具有统一性。电势能只有大小，没有方向，是标量
电场强度是用来表示电场的强弱和方向的物理量。实验表明，在电场中某一点，试探点电荷（正电荷）在该点所受电场力与其所带电荷的比值是一个与试探点电荷无关的量。于是以试探点电荷（正电荷）在该点所受电场力的方向为电场方向，以前述比值为大小的矢量定义为该点的电场强度，常用E表示。
新年好！Happy Chinese New Year !
1、矢量，Vector
有大小、有方向的量，是矢量。矢量有正负。
数学教师坚称向量，物理教师坚称矢量。毫不妥协，百年来如一日。
2、标量，Scalar
有大小，无方向，是标量。标量也有正负。
3、电量、电阻、电容、电势、电动势、电势能、电场力做功，都是标量。
电流强度，有大小，有方向，但我们仍然说它是标量；
电流密度、电场强度、磁感应强度、磁场强度，是矢量。
4、面积，在高斯定理中，也是矢量；
线积分中，线长度的微元，也是矢量。
美化一句：变化之妙，存乎一心。
面第一句：见人说人话，见鬼不说话。
电场强度是矢量其他都是标量
绛旓細鍙湁鐢靛満寮哄害鏄煝閲,鐢靛娍鍜岀數鍔胯兘鏄爣閲.\x0d\x0a 鐢靛娍鍦ㄩ潤鐢靛閲岋紝鐢靛娍锛坋lectric potential锛夛紙鍙堢О涓虹數浣嶏級瀹氫箟涓猴細澶勪簬鐢靛満涓煇涓綅缃殑鍗曚綅鐢佃嵎鎵鍏锋湁鐨勭數鍔胯兘銆傜數鍔垮彧鏈夊ぇ灏忥紝娌℃湁鏂瑰悜锛屾槸鏍囬噺锛屽叾鏁板间笉鍏锋湁缁濆鎰忎箟锛屽彧鍏锋湁鐩稿鎰忎箟銆俓x0d\x0a鐢靛娍鑳介潤鐢靛満涓殑鍔胯兘銆備竴鐐圭數鑽峰湪闈欑數鍦轰腑...
绛旓細鏈夊ぇ灏忥紝鏃犳柟鍚戯紝鏄爣閲忋傛爣閲忎篃鏈夋璐熴3銆佺數閲忋佺數闃汇佺數瀹广佺數鍔裤佺數鍔ㄥ娍銆鐢靛娍鑳銆佺數鍦哄姏鍋氬姛锛岄兘鏄爣閲忋傜數娴佸己搴︼紝鏈夊ぇ灏忥紝鏈夋柟鍚戯紝浣嗘垜浠粛鐒惰瀹冩槸鏍囬噺锛涚數娴佸瘑搴︺鐢靛満寮哄害銆佺鎰熷簲寮哄害銆佺鍦哄己搴︼紝鏄煝閲銆4銆侀潰绉紝鍦ㄩ珮鏂畾鐞嗕腑锛屼篃鏄煝閲忥紱绾跨Н鍒嗕腑锛岀嚎闀垮害鐨勫井鍏冿紝涔熸槸鐭㈤噺銆傜編鍖栦竴鍙ワ細鍙...
绛旓細浣犲ソ锛鍥炵瓟浣犵殑姹傛晳濡備笅锛氫笂鏄墿鐞嗛噺鏄爣閲忕殑涓猴細鐢靛娍鑳紼p銆佺數鍔肯嗐佺數鍔垮樊Uab.灞炰簬鐭㈤噺鐨勭墿鐞嗛噺涓猴細鐢靛満寮哄害E.鐢靛満寮哄害鐨勬柟鍚戞槸杩欐牱瑙勫畾鐨锛氬湪鐢靛満涓鐢佃嵎鍙楀姏鐨勬柟鍚戜负璇ュ鐢靛満寮哄害鐨勬柟鍚戙傜數鍦哄己搴﹀拰绛夊娍闈㈢殑鍏崇郴锛氱數鍦虹嚎澶勫鍜岄潬鍨潰鍨傜洿銆傜數鍦哄己搴︾殑鏂瑰悜鏄數鍔块檷浣庢渶蹇殑鏂瑰悜銆傞『宸數鍦虹嚎鐨勬柟鍚戠數鍔...
绛旓細ABC銆佸彧鏈夊ぇ灏忥紝娌℃湁鏂瑰悜鐨勭墿鐞嗛噺鏄爣閲忥紝鐢靛娍銆佺數鍔垮樊鍜岀數鍔胯兘閮芥槸鏍囬噺锛屾晠ABC閿欒锛嶥銆鐢靛満寮哄害鏄煝閲锛屽叾鏂瑰悜涓庢鐢佃嵎鎵鍙楃殑鐢靛満鍔涙柟鍚戠浉鍚岋紟鏁匘姝ｇ‘锛庢晠閫夛細D
绛旓細鐢靛満寮哄害鏄寚鍦ㄦ煇涓鐐逛笂鍗曚綅姝ｇ數鑽锋墍鍙楀埌鐨勫姏鐨勫ぇ灏忥紝瀹冩槸涓涓煝閲忛噺銆傜數鑽峰湪鐢靛満涓繍鍔紝浼氬彈鍒扮數鍦哄姏鐨勪綔鐢紝浠庤屽彂鐢熷姞閫熷害銆傚彲浠ラ氳繃鐢靛満寮哄害鏉ユ弿杩扮數鍦哄姏鐨勫己寮卞拰鏂瑰悜銆傜數鍔胯兘鏄寚甯︾數浣撶敱浜庡叾浣嶇疆鑰屽叿鏈夌殑鑳介噺锛屽畠琛ㄧず鐢佃嵎鍦ㄩ潤鐢靛満涓敱浜庣數鍔垮樊鑰屽叿鏈夌殑鑳介噺銆傜數鍔胯兘鍜岀數鍦哄己搴︿箣闂村瓨鍦ㄤ竴绉嶅熀鏈叧绯伙紝...
绛旓細鐢靛満绾鍜岀數鍦哄己搴杩樻湁鐢靛娍閮芥槸鐢ㄦ潵鎻忚堪鐢靛満鐨勬ц川鐨勩傚叾涓紝鐢靛満绾挎槸鍑犱綍鎻忚堪娉曪紝鐢靛満寮哄害鏄煝閲鎻忚堪娉曪紝鐢靛娍鍒欐槸涓涓爣閲忋備笁鑰呬箣闂寸殑鍏崇郴寮忥紝鐢靛満绾跨殑鏂瑰悜锛屾槸鎵杩囦箣澶勭殑鐢靛満寮哄害鐨勬柟鍚戯紝鐢靛満寮哄害鐨勫ぇ灏忎笌鐢靛満绾跨殑鐤忓瘑鎴愭姣旓紝鑰岀數鍦虹嚎鐨勬柟鍚戜篃鏄數鍔夸笅闄嶇殑鏂瑰悜锛屾澶栵紝灏嗙┖闂翠腑鐢靛娍鐩哥瓑鐨勭偣杩炴帴璧锋潵鎵...
绛旓細鐢靛満寮哄害鏃㈡湁澶у皬鍙堟湁鏂瑰悜锛鏄煝閲锛涜屽姛銆鐢靛娍鑳藉拰鐢靛娍鏄彧鏈夊ぇ灏忔病鏈夋柟鍚戯紝鏄爣閲忥紝鏁匒姝ｇ‘锛孊CD閿欒锛庢晠閫夛細A锛
绛旓細鐭㈤噺:鐢靛満寮哄害,鐢垫潹鍔 鏍囬噺:鐢靛娍,鐢靛娍鑳
绛旓細鍦ㄩ潤鐢靛満涓紝鐢靛満鐨勬棆搴︾瓑浜庨浂锛屽皢鐢靛満鍐欐垚涓涓爣閲忓満鐨勬搴︾殑璐熷笺傚綋鐢电鍦洪殢鏃堕棿鍙樺寲鏃讹紝鐢靛満鐨勬棆搴︿笉鍐嶄负闆讹紝鐢靛満鍐嶅姞涓鐭㈤噺鍔块殢鏃堕棿鐨勫彉鍖栫巼锛屽畠鐨勬棆搴︾瓑浜庨浂銆傚湪鐢靛娍鑳戒笌鐢靛娍鐨勭煡璇嗗缓鏋勮繃绋嬩腑锛岄渶瑕佸鐢靛満鍔涖鐢靛満寮哄害銆佺數鍔裤佺數鍔胯兘閮芥湁鍑嗙‘鐨勭悊瑙ｏ紝杩欏氨闇瑕佸鐢熷鐭ヨ瘑鍜岃鐭ヨ兘鍔涘仛涓浜涘噯澶囥
绛旓細鐢靛娍鑳鍙湁澶у皬锛屾病鏈夋柟鍚戯紝鏄爣閲忥紱鐢靛満寮哄害鏄鐢ㄦ潵琛ㄧず鐢靛満寮哄害鍜屾柟鍚戠殑鐗╃悊閲忋傚疄楠岃〃鏄庯紝鍦ㄧ數鍦轰腑鐨勬煇涓鐐癸紝鐢靛満鍔涗笌鎺㈤拡鐐圭數鑽峰湪璇ョ偣鐨勬瘮鍊兼槸涓涓笌鎺㈤拡鐐圭數鑽锋棤鍏崇殑閲忋傛墍浠ョ數鍦烘柟鍚戝氨鏄柦鍔犲湪璇ョ偣鎺㈤拡鐐圭數鑽蜂笂鐨勭數鍦哄姏鐨勬柟鍚戯紝鍏锋湁鍓嶈堪姣斿煎ぇ灏忕殑鐭㈤噺瀹氫箟涓鸿鐐圭殑鐢靛満寮哄害锛岄氬父鐢╡琛ㄧず銆傜數鍔胯绠...
