高一化学
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1.\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\uff08n\uff09\u662f\u8868\u793a\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u76ee\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u3002
2.\u6469\u5c14\uff08mol\uff09: \u628a\u542b\u67096.02 \u00d71023\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7c92\u5b50\u96c6\u4f53\u8ba1\u91cf\u4e3a1\u6469\u5c14\u3002
3.\u963f\u4f0f\u52a0\u5fb7\u7f57\u5e38\u6570\uff1a\u628a6.02 X1023mol-1\u53eb\u4f5c\u963f\u4f0f\u52a0\u5fb7\u7f57\u5e38\u6570\u3002
4.\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf \uff1d \u7269\u8d28\u6240\u542b\u5fae\u7c92\u6570\u76ee/\u963f\u4f0f\u52a0\u5fb7\u7f57\u5e38\u6570 n =N/NA
5.\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\uff08M\uff09(1) \u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u5355\u4f4d\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u53eb\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf.\uff082\uff09\u5355\u4f4d\uff1ag/mol \u6216 g..mol-1(3) \u6570\u503c\uff1a\u7b49\u4e8e\u8be5\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u539f\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u6216\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf.
6.\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf=\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8d28\u91cf/\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf ( n = m/M )
\u516d\u3001\u6c14\u4f53\u6469\u5c14\u4f53\u79ef
1.\u6c14\u4f53\u6469\u5c14\u4f53\u79ef\uff08Vm\uff09\uff081\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u5355\u4f4d\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u6240\u5360\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u53eb\u505a\u6c14\u4f53\u6469\u5c14\u4f53\u79ef.\uff082\uff09\u5355\u4f4d\uff1aL/mol
2.\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf=\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u4f53\u79ef/\u6c14\u4f53\u6469\u5c14\u4f53\u79efn=V/Vm
3.\u6807\u51c6\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b, Vm = 22.4 L/mol
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1.\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6.
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2.\u4e00\u5b9a\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u914d\u5236
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a.\u68c0\u9a8c\u662f\u5426\u6f0f\u6c34.b.\u914d\u5236\u6eb6\u6db2 1\u8ba1\u7b97.2\u79f0\u91cf.3\u6eb6\u89e3.4\u8f6c\u79fb.5\u6d17\u6da4.6\u5b9a\u5bb9.7\u6447\u53008\u8d2e\u5b58\u6eb6\u6db2.
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3.\u6eb6\u6db2\u7a00\u91ca\uff1aC(\u6d53\u6eb6\u6db2)?V(\u6d53\u6eb6\u6db2) =C(\u7a00\u6eb6\u6db2)?V(\u7a00\u6eb6\u6db2)
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\u5206\u6563\u8d28\u7c92\u5b50\u5927\u5c0f/nm \u5916\u89c2\u7279\u5f81 \u80fd\u5426\u901a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7eb8 \u6709\u5426\u4e01\u8fbe\u5c14\u6548\u5e94 \u5b9e\u4f8b
\u6eb6\u6db2 \u5c0f\u4e8e1 \u5747\u5300\u3001\u900f\u660e\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a \u80fd \u6ca1\u6709 NaCl\u3001\u8517\u7cd6\u6eb6\u6db2
\u80f6\u4f53 \u57281\u2014100\u4e4b\u95f4 \u5747\u5300\u3001\u6709\u7684\u900f\u660e\u3001\u8f83\u7a33\u5b9a \u80fd \u6709 Fe(OH)3\u80f6\u4f53
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1\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5316\u5b66\u53d8\u5316\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002
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A\u3001\u5316\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\uff08A+B=AB\uff09B\u3001\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\uff08AB=A+B\uff09
C\u3001\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\uff08A+BC=AC+B\uff09
D\u3001\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\uff08AB+CD=AD+CB\uff09
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\u5929\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u79f0\u4e3a\u7845\u77f3\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ed3\u6676\u5f62\u548c\u65e0\u5b9a\u5f62\u3002\u77f3\u82f1\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7ed3\u6676\u5f62\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u65e0\u8272\u900f\u660e\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6c34\u6676\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f69\u8272\u73af\u5e26\u72b6\u6216\u5c42\u72b6\u7684\u662f\u739b\u7459\u3002\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u6676\u4f53\u4e3a\u7acb\u4f53\u7f51\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u5143\u662f[SiO4]\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002\uff08\u739b\u7459\u9970\u7269\uff0c\u77f3\u82f1\u5769\u57da\uff0c\u5149\u5bfc\u7ea4\u7ef4\uff09
\u7269\u7406\uff1a\u7194\u70b9\u9ad8\u3001\u786c\u5ea6\u5927\u3001\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3001\u6d01\u51c0\u7684SiO2\u65e0\u8272\u900f\u5149\u6027\u597d
\u5316\u5b66\uff1a\u5316\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u597d\u3001\u9664HF\u5916\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5f3a\u78b1\uff08NaOH\uff09\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u662f\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u80fd\u4e0e\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u53cd\u5e94
SiO2\uff0b4HF == SiF4 \u2191\uff0b2H2O
SiO2\uff0bCaO ===(\u9ad8\u6e29) CaSiO3
SiO2\uff0b2NaOH == Na2SiO3\uff0bH2O
\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u73bb\u7483\u74f6\u88c5HF\uff0c\u88c5\u78b1\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u8bd5\u5242\u74f6\u5e94\u7528\u6728\u585e\u6216\u80f6\u585e\u3002
\u4e09\u3001\u7845\u9178\uff08H2SiO3\uff09
\u9178\u6027\u5f88\u5f31\uff08\u5f31\u4e8e\u78b3\u9178\uff09\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eSiO2\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff0c\u7845\u9178\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u6eb6\u6027\u7845\u9178\u76d0\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9178\u6027\u6bd4\u7845\u9178\u5f3a\u7684\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\u5236\u5f97\u3002
Na2SiO3\uff0b2HCl == H2SiO3\u2193\uff0b2NaCl
\u7845\u80f6\u591a\u5b54\u758f\u677e\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\u3002
\u56db\u3001\u7845\u9178\u76d0
\u7845\u9178\u76d0\u662f\u7531\u7845\u3001\u6c27\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u603b\u79f0\uff0c\u5206\u5e03\u5e7f\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u590d\u6742\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3002\uff08Na2SiO3 \u3001K2SiO3\u9664\u5916\uff09\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u662f\u7845\u9178\u94a0Na2SiO3 \uff1a\u53ef\u6eb6\uff0c\u5176\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u79f0\u4f5c\u6c34\u73bb\u7483\u548c\u6ce1\u82b1\u78b1\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u80a5\u7682\u586b\u6599\u3001\u6728\u6750\u9632\u706b\u5242\u548c\u9ecf\u80f6\u5242\u3002 \u5e38\u7528\u7845\u9178\u76d0\u4ea7\u54c1\uff1a\u73bb\u7483\u3001\u9676\u74f7\u3001\u6c34\u6ce5
\u56db\u3001\u7845\u5355\u8d28
\u4e0e\u78b3\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u6709\u6676\u4f53\u548c\u65e0\u5b9a\u5f62\u4e24\u79cd\u3002\u6676\u4f53\u7845\u7ed3\u6784\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\uff0c\u6709\u91d1\u5c5e\u5149\u6cfd\u7684\u7070\u9ed1\u8272\u56fa\u4f53\uff0c\u7194\u70b9\u9ad8\uff081410\u2103\uff09\uff0c\u786c\u5ea6\u5927\uff0c\u8f83\u8106\uff0c\u5e38\u6e29\u4e0b\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u4e0d\u6d3b\u6cfc\u3002\u662f\u826f\u597d\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\uff1a\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u53ca\u82af\u7247\u3001\u5149\u7535\u6c60\u3001
\u4e94\u3001\u6c2f\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u5468\u671f\u7b2c\u2166A\u65cf\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a \u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u5f62\u6210
\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50Cl\uff0d,\u4e3a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u4ee5\u5316\u5408\u6001\u5b58\u5728\u3002
\u516d\u3001\u6c2f\u6c14
\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u9ec4\u7eff\u8272\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u6709\u523a\u6fc0\u6027\u6c14\u5473\u3001\u53ef\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3001\u52a0\u538b\u548c\u964d\u6e29\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53ef\u53d8\u4e3a\u6db2\u6001(\u6db2\u6c2f)\u548c\u56fa\u6001\u3002
\u5236\u6cd5:MnO2\uff0b4HCl (\u6d53) MnCl2\uff0b2H2O\uff0bCl2
\u95fb\u6cd5:\u7528\u624b\u5728\u74f6\u53e3\u8f7b\u8f7b\u6247\u52a8,\u4f7f\u5c11\u91cf\u6c2f\u6c14\u8fdb\u5165\u9f3b\u5b54\u3002
\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u5f88\u6d3b\u6cfc\uff0c\u6709\u6bd2\uff0c\u6709\u6c27\u5316\u6027\uff0c \u80fd\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u91d1\u5c5e\u5316\u5408\u751f\u6210\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\uff08\u76d0\uff09\u3002\u4e5f\u80fd\u4e0e\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
2Na\uff0bCl2 ===(\u70b9\u71c3) 2NaCl 2Fe\uff0b3Cl2===(\u70b9\u71c3) 2FeCl3 Cu\uff0bCl2===(\u70b9\u71c3) CuCl2
Cl2\uff0bH2 ===(\u70b9\u71c3) 2HCl \u73b0\u8c61\uff1a\u53d1\u51fa\u82cd\u767d\u8272\u706b\u7130\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u767d\u96fe\u3002
\u71c3\u70e7\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\u6c27\u6c14\u53c2\u52a0\uff0c\u7269\u8d28\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u71c3\u70e7\u3002\u71c3\u70e7\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5267\u70c8\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u53d1\u5149\u653e\u70ed\u7684\u5267\u70c8\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u90fd\u79f0\u4e3a\u71c3\u70e7\u3002
Cl2\u7684\u7528\u9014\uff1a
\u2460\u81ea\u6765\u6c34\u6740\u83cc\u6d88\u6bd2Cl2\uff0bH2O == HCl\uff0bHClO 2HClO ===(\u5149\u7167) 2HCl\uff0bO2 \u2191
1\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u6c34\u6eb6\u89e32\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u6c2f\u6c14\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e3a\u6c2f\u6c34\uff0c\u4e3a\u6d45\u9ec4\u7eff\u8272\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6b21\u6c2f\u9178HClO\u6709\u5f3a\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u548c\u6f02\u6cca\u6027\uff0c\u8d77\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6d88\u6bd2\u6f02\u767d\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6b21\u6c2f\u9178\u6709\u5f31\u9178\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u5149\u7167\u6216\u52a0\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e45\u7f6e\u6c2f\u6c34\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\u3002
\u2461\u5236\u6f02\u767d\u6db2\u3001\u6f02\u767d\u7c89\u548c\u6f02\u7c89\u7cbe
\u5236\u6f02\u767d\u6db2 Cl2\uff0b2NaOH=NaCl\uff0bNaClO\uff0bH2O \uff0c\u5176\u6709\u6548\u6210\u5206NaClO\u6bd4HClO\u7a33\u5b9a\u591a,\u53ef\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u653e\u5236\u6f02\u767d\u7c89(\u6709\u6548\u6c2f35\uff05)\u548c\u6f02\u7c89\u7cbe(\u5145\u5206\u53cd\u5e94\u6709\u6548\u6c2f70\uff05) 2Cl2\uff0b2Ca(OH)2=CaCl2\uff0bCa(ClO)2\uff0b2H2O
\u2462\u4e0e\u6709\u673a\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5de5\u4e1a\u7269\u8d28\u3002
\u2463\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u7eafSi\u3001Ge\u3001Ti\u7b49\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u548c\u949b
\u2464\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5de5\uff1a\u5408\u6210\u5851\u6599\u3001\u6a61\u80f6\u3001\u4eba\u9020\u7ea4\u7ef4\u3001\u519c\u836f\u3001\u67d3\u6599\u548c\u836f\u54c1
\u4e03\u3001\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c
\u4f7f\u7528\u785d\u9178\u94f6\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u7a00\u785d\u9178\u6392\u9664\u5e72\u6270\u79bb\u5b50\uff08CO32\uff0d\u3001SO32\uff0d\uff09
HCl\uff0bAgNO3 == AgCl \u2193\uff0bHNO3
NaCl\uff0bAgNO3 == AgCl \u2193\uff0bNaNO3
Na2CO3\uff0b2AgNO3 ==Ag2CO?3 \u2193\uff0b2NaNO3
Ag2CO?3\uff0b2HNO3 == 2AgNO3\uff0bCO2 \u2191\uff0bH2O
Cl\uff0d\uff0bAg\uff0b == AgCl \u2193
\u516b\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b
\u5236\u6cd5\uff08\u5f62\u6210\uff09\uff1a\u786b\u9ec4\u6216\u542b\u786b\u7684\u71c3\u6599\u71c3\u70e7\u5f97\u5230\uff08\u786b\u4fd7\u79f0\u786b\u78fa\uff0c\u662f\u9ec4\u8272\u7c89\u672b\uff09
S\uff0bO2 ===(\u70b9\u71c3) SO2
\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u65e0\u8272\u3001\u523a\u6fc0\u6027\u6c14\u5473\u3001\u5bb9\u6613\u6db2\u5316\uff0c\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff081\uff1a40\u4f53\u79ef\u6bd4\uff09
\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u6709\u6bd2\uff0c\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e9a\u786b\u9178H2SO3\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u9178\u6027\uff0c\u6709\u6f02\u767d\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9047\u70ed\u4f1a\u53d8\u56de\u539f\u6765\u989c\u8272\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aH2SO3\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f1a\u5206\u89e3\u56de\u6c34\u548cSO2
SO2\uff0bH2O H2SO3 \u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5316\u5408\u548c\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4e3a\u53ef\u9006\u53cd\u5e94\u3002
\u53ef\u9006\u53cd\u5e94\u2014\u2014\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f80\u6b63\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u9006\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u79f0\u4f5c\u53ef\u9006\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7528\u53ef\u9006\u7bad\u5934\u7b26\u53f7 \u8fde\u63a5\u3002
\u4e5d\u3001\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u548c\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e
\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u5f62\u6210\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6e29\u6216\u653e\u7535\uff1aN2\uff0bO2 ========(\u9ad8\u6e29\u6216\u653e\u7535) 2NO\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u5f88\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u5728\u5e38\u6e29\u4e0b\u9047\u6c27\u6c14\u5373\u5316\u5408\u751f\u6210\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\uff1a 2NO\uff0bO2 == 2NO2
\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a\u65e0\u8272\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u662f\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\uff0c\u5c11\u91cfNO\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cbb\u7597\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u75be\u75c5\u3002
\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a\u7ea2\u68d5\u8272\u6c14\u4f53\u3001\u523a\u6fc0\u6027\u6c14\u5473\u3001\u6709\u6bd2\u3001\u6613\u6db2\u5316\u3001\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
3 NO2\uff0bH2O == 2HNO3\uff0bNO \u8fd9\u662f\u5de5\u4e1a\u5236\u785d\u9178\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\u5341\u3001\u5927\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3
SO2 \u3001NO2\u6eb6\u4e8e\u96e8\u6c34\u5f62\u6210\u9178\u96e8\u3002\u9632\u6cbb\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a
\u2460 \u4ece\u71c3\u6599\u71c3\u70e7\u5165\u624b\u3002
\u2461 \u4ece\u7acb\u6cd5\u7ba1\u7406\u5165\u624b\u3002
\u2462\u4ece\u80fd\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u5165\u624b\u3002
\u2463\u4ece\u5e9f\u6c14\u56de\u6536\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u5316\u5bb3\u4e3a\u5229\u5165\u624b\u3002
(2SO2\uff0bO2 2SO3 SO3\uff0bH2O= H2SO4)
\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u786b\u9178
\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u65e0\u8272\u7c98\u7a20\u6cb9\u72b6\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u4e0d\u6325\u53d1\uff0c\u6cb8\u70b9\u9ad8\uff0c\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6bd4\u6c34\u5927\u3002
\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u5177\u6709\u9178\u7684\u901a\u6027\uff0c\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u5177\u6709\u8131\u6c34\u6027\u3001\u5438\u6c34\u6027\u548c\u5f3a\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u3002\u662f\u5f3a\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u3002
C12H22O11 ======(\u6d53H2SO4) 12C\uff0b11H2O\u653e\u70ed
2 H2SO4 (\u6d53)\uff0bC CO2 \u2191\uff0b2H2O\uff0bSO2 \u2191
\u8fd8\u80fd\u6c27\u5316\u6392\u5728\u6c22\u540e\u9762\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u653e\u51fa\u6c22\u6c14\u3002
2 H2SO4 (\u6d53)\uff0bCu CuSO4\uff0b2H2O\uff0bSO2 \u2191
\u7a00\u786b\u9178\uff1a\u4e0e\u6d3b\u6cfc\u91d1\u5c5e\u53cd\u5e94\u653e\u51faH2 \uff0c\u4f7f\u9178\u78b1\u6307\u793a\u5242\u7d2b\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u53d8\u7ea2\uff0c\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e9b\u76d0\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4e0e\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4e0e\u78b1\u4e2d\u548c
\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u785d\u9178
\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u65e0\u8272\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u6613\u6325\u53d1\uff0c\u6cb8\u70b9\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6bd4\u6c34\u5927\u3002
\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u822c\u9178\u7684\u901a\u6027\uff0c\u6d53\u785d\u9178\u548c\u7a00\u785d\u9178\u90fd\u662f\u5f3a\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u3002\u8fd8\u80fd\u6c27\u5316\u6392\u5728\u6c22\u540e\u9762\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u653e\u51fa\u6c22\u6c14\u3002
4HNO3(\u6d53)\uff0bCu == Cu(NO3)2\uff0b2NO2 \u2191\uff0b4H2O
8HNO3(\u7a00)\uff0b3Cu 3Cu(NO3)2\uff0b2NO \u2191\uff0b4H2O
\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u785d\u9178\u88ab\u8fd8\u539f\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ea7\u7269:N(+4)O2,HN(+3)O2,N(+2)O,N(+1)2O,N(0)2, N(-3)H3\u25b3\u786b\u9178\u548c\u785d\u9178\uff1a\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u548c\u6d53\u785d\u9178\u90fd\u80fd\u949d\u5316\u67d0\u4e9b\u91d1\u5c5e\uff08\u5982\u94c1\u548c\u94dd\uff09\u4f7f\u8868\u9762\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u5c42\u81f4\u5bc6\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u819c\uff0c\u9694\u7edd\u5185\u5c42\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e0e\u9178\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u53cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u94c1\u94dd\u5bb9\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u76db\u88c5\u51b7\u7684\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u548c\u6d53\u785d\u9178\u3002\u785d\u9178\u548c\u786b\u9178\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5316\u5de5\u539f\u6599\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5fc5\u5907\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8bd5\u5242\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u5316\u80a5\u3001\u519c\u836f\u3001\u70b8\u836f\u3001\u67d3\u6599\u3001\u76d0\u7c7b\u7b49\u3002\u786b\u9178\u8fd8\u7528\u4e8e\u7cbe\u70bc\u77f3\u6cb9\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u52a0\u5de5\u524d\u7684\u9178\u6d17\u53ca\u5236\u53d6\u5404\u79cd\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u9178\u3002
\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u6c28\u6c14\u53ca\u94f5\u76d0
\u6c28\u6c14\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u65e0\u8272\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u523a\u6fc0\u6027\u6c14\u5473\u3001\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7a7a\u6c14\u3001\u6781\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff08\u4e14\u5feb\uff091\uff1a700\u4f53\u79ef\u6bd4\u3002\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u53d1\u751f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53cd\u5e94\u4f7f\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u78b1\u6027\uff1aNH3\uff0bH2O NH3?H2O NH4\uff0b\uff0bOH\uff0d \u53ef\u4f5c\u7ea2\u8272\u55b7\u6cc9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u6c34\u5408\u6c28NH3?H2O\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f31\u78b1\uff0c\u5f88\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f1a\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u53d7\u70ed\u66f4\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff1aNH3?H2O ===(\u25b3) NH3 \u2191\uff0bH2O
\u6d53\u6c28\u6c34\u6613\u6325\u53d1\u9664\u6c28\u6c14\uff0c\u6709\u523a\u6fc0\u96be\u95fb\u7684\u6c14\u5473\u3002
\u6c28\u6c14\u80fd\u8ddf\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u94f5\u76d0\uff1aNH3\uff0bHCl == NH4Cl (\u6676\u4f53)
\u6c28\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5316\u5de5\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u6c2e\u80a5\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u6709\u673a\u5408\u6210\u5de5\u4e1a\u53ca\u5236\u9020\u785d\u9178\u3001\u94f5\u76d0\u548c\u7eaf\u78b1\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u5b83\u3002\u6c28\u6c14\u5bb9\u6613\u6db2\u5316\u4e3a\u6db2\u6c28\uff0c\u6db2\u6c28\u6c14\u5316\u65f6\u5438\u6536\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u70ed\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u5236\u51b7\u5242\u3002
\u94f5\u76d0\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff08\u5f88\u591a\u5316\u80a5\u90fd\u662f\u94f5\u76d0\uff09\uff0c\u53d7\u70ed\u6613\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u653e\u51fa\u6c28\u6c14\uff1a
NH4Cl NH3 \u2191\uff0bHCl \u2191
NH4HCO3 NH3 \u2191\uff0bH2O \u2191\uff0bCO2 \u2191
\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u53d6\u6c28\u6c14\uff1a\uff08\u5e72\u71e5\u94f5\u76d0\u4e0e\u548c\u78b1\u56fa\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u52a0\u70ed\uff09
NH4NO3\uff0bNaOH Na NO3\uff0bH2O\uff0bNH3 \u2191
2NH4Cl\uff0bCa(OH)2 CaCl2\uff0b2H2O\uff0b2NH3 \u2191
\u7528\u5411\u4e0b\u6392\u7a7a\u6c14\u6cd5\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u7eb8\u68c0\u9a8c\u662f\u5426\u6536\u96c6\u6ee1\u3002
甲基丙烯酸甲酯
其实主要是写出甲基丙烯酸
写出甲基丙烯酸应先写出丙烯酸
丙烯酸为CH2=CH-COOH，只有一个位置可以放甲基，也就是中间的那个C上
也就是
CH3
CH2=C-COOH
然后直接写出它的甲酯就可以了
分子式
CH3
CH2=C-COOCH3
满意请采纳
多谢
甲基丙烯酸甲酯，无色液体，易挥发，易燃。
分子式：C5H8O2；结构式CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3；分子量：100.12；分子结构：（下图）。
熔点为-48℃，沸点100-101℃，24℃（4.3kPa），相对密度0.9440（20/4℃），折射率1.4142，闪点（开杯）10℃，蒸气压（25.5℃）5.33kPa。
溶于乙醇、乙醚、丙酮等多种有机溶剂，微溶于乙二醇和水。在光、热、电离辐射和催化剂存在下易聚合。
结构式CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3
CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3
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