中英互译中的三个技巧 英汉译的技巧
\u82f1\u6c49\u4e92\u8bd1\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b1\u76f4\u8bd1\u6cd5----\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u7167\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u76f4\u63a5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u6765,\u4f8b\u5982\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u7eb8\u8001\u864e\u201d\u76f4\u8bd1\u6210\u201cpaper tiger\u201d,\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e0d\u4f46\u6df1\u660e\u5176\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u89c9\u5f97\u5f88\u662f\u4f20\u795e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u73b0\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u82f1\u7f8e\u6c11\u65cf\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4e22\u8138\u201d\u4e5f\u88ab\u76f4\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201close face\u201d,\u201c\u8d70\u72d7\u201d\u8bd1\u6210\u4e3a\u201crunning dog\u201d.\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u70ed\u800c\u5927\u4e3a\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u201c\u529f\u592b\u201d\u97f3\u8bd1\u6210\u201ckung fu\u201d\u7b49\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u76f4\u8bd1\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002 2\u610f\u8bd1\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u6709\u4e9b\u4e60\u8bed\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u8bd1\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u540c\u4e49\u7684\u4e60\u8bed\u501f\u7528,\u5219\u53ea\u597d\u91c7\u7528\u610f\u8bd1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5bf9\u5f85.\u4f8b\u5982\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u201d\u843d\u82b1\u6d41\u6c34\u201d\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u6253\u5f97\u5927\u8d25\u4e4b\u610f,\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u6587\u4fbf\u662f\u201cto be shattered to pieces\u201d\u3002\u201c\u4e4c\u70df\u7634\u6c14\u201c\u5f62\u5bb9\u60c5\u5f62\u6df7\u4e71\u4e0d\u582a\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u201cchaos\u201d\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\u3002 3\u7701\u7565\u6cd5\u2014\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e60\u8bed\u4e2d\u6709\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u5076\u8bcd\u4e0d\u8fbe\u610f\u7ec4\uff0c\u524d\u540e\u542b\u610f\u91cd\u590d\u3002\u5076\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\u53ef\u7528\u7701\u7565\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4ea7\u751f\u753b\u86c7\u6dfb\u8db3\u4e4b\u611f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u94dc\u5899\u94c1\u58c1\u201d\u53ef\u8bd1\u6210\u201cwall of bronzl\u201d \u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u65e0\u987b\u8bf4\u6210\u201dwall of copper and iron\u201d.\u201d\u8857\u8c08\u5df7\u8bae\u201c\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bd1\u6210\u201dstreet gossip\u201d\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002 4\u589e\u6dfb\u6cd5\u2014\u4e3a\u4e86\u8981\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u539f\u610f\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5728\u8bd1\u6587\u4e2d\u589e\u6dfb\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u6811\u5012\u7322\u72f2\u6563\u201d\u53ef\u8bd1\u6210\u201cOnce the tree falls,the monkeys on it will flee helter-skelter,\u201d\u5176\u4e2dhelter-skelter\u662f\u201c\u614c\u614c\u5f20\u5f20\u201d\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u662f\u589e\u6dfb\u7684\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u867d\u65e0\u5176\u5b57\u800c\u6709\u5176\u4e49\uff0c\u52a0\u4e86\u4f7f\u5f62\u8c61\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u6709\u58f0\u6709\u8272\u3002 5\u8fd8\u539f\u6cd5\u2014\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e60\u8bed\u6e90\u4e8e\u5916\u8bed\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65f6\u53ef\u4f7f\u4e4b\u8fd8\u539f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u5939\u7740\u5c3e\u5df4\u201d\u5e94\u5199\u6210\u201dwith the tail between the legs\u201d;\u201d\u6218\u4e89\u8d29\u5b50\u201d\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u201dwar-monger\u201d\u7684\u4e2d\u8bd1;\u201d\u84dd\u56fe\u201d\u5219\u662f\u201dblue-print\u201d\u7b49. \u8ffd\u95ee\uff1a \u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4e24\u4e2a\uff01
\u4e00\u3001\u8bcd\u4e49\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u5f15\u4f38\u6280\u5de7
\u82f1\u6c49\u4e24\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u8bcd\u591a\u7c7b\u548c\u4e00\u8bcd\u591a\u4e49\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u4e00\u8bcd\u591a\u7c7b\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5f80\u5f80\u5c5e\u4e8e\u51e0\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7c7b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff1b\u4e00\u8bcd\u591a\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u8bcd\u7c7b\u4e2d\u53c8\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bcd\u4e49\u3002\u5728\u82f1\u8bd1\u6c49\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5f04\u6e05\u539f\u53e5\u7ed3\u6784\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5584\u4e8e\u8fd0\u7528\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u786e\u5b9a\u539f\u53e5\u4e2d\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u8bcd\u4e49\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6240\u8bd1\u8bed\u53e5\u81ea\u7136\u6d41\u7545\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u6c49\u8bed\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff1b\u9009\u62e9\u786e\u5b9a\u8bcd\u4e49\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7740\u624b\uff1a
1\u3001\u6839\u636e\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u8bcd\u7c7b\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u786e\u5b9a\u8bcd\u4e49
They are as like as two peas .\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u4f3c\u6781\u4e86\u3002\uff08\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff09
He likes mathematics more than physics .\u4ed6\u559c\u6b22\u6570\u5b66\u751a\u4e8e\u559c\u6b22\u7269\u7406\u3002\uff08\u52a8\u8bcd\uff09
Wheat, oat, and the like are cereals .\u5c0f\u9ea6\u3001\u71d5\u9ea6\u7b49\u7b49\u7686\u7cfb\u8c37\u7c7b\u3002\uff08\u540d\u8bcd\uff09
2\u3001\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8054\u7cfb\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u642d\u914d\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u786e\u5b9a\u8bcd\u4e49\u3002
He is the last man to come .\u4ed6\u662f\u6700\u540e\u6765\u7684\u3002
He is the last person for such a job .\u4ed6\u6700\u4e0d\u914d\u5e72\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
He should be the last man to blame.\u600e\u4e48\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8be5\u602a\u4ed6\u3002
This is the last place where I expected to meet you .\u6211\u600e\u4e48\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6599\u5230\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u89c1\u5230\u4f60\u3002
\u8bcd\u4e49\u5f15\u4f38\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u82f1\u8bd1\u6c49\u65f6\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bcd\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u8f9e\u5178\u4e0a\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8bcd\u4e49\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u610f\u786c\u5957\u6216\u9010\u8bcd\u6b7b\u8bd1\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u8bd1\u6587\u751f\u786c\u6666\u6da9\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u5207\u8868\u8fbe\u539f\u610f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u8bef\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ece\u8be5\u8bcd\u7684\u6839\u672c\u542b\u4e49\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u4ee5\u5f15\u4f38\uff0c\u5f15\u4f38\u65f6\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u3002
1\u3001\u8bcd\u4e49\u8f6c\u8bd1\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u8bd1\u6216\u4e0d\u5b9c\u76f4\u8bd1\u7684\u8bcd\u6216\u8bcd\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f15\u4f38\u8f6c\u8bd1\u3002
The energy of the sun comes to the earth mainly as light and heat .\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u5149\u548c\u70ed\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f20\u5230\u5730\u7403\u3002
2\u3001\u8bcd\u4e49\u5177\u4f53\u5316\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6c49\u8bed\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u628a\u539f\u6587\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bcd\u4e49\u8f83\u7b3c\u7edf\u7684\u8bcd\u5f15\u4f38\u4e3a\u8bcd\u4e49\u8f83\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8bcd\u3002
The last stage went higher and took the Apollo into orbit round the earth.\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u7ea7\u706b\u7bad\u5347\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u628a\u201c\u963f\u6ce2\u7f57\u53f7\u201d\u9001\u8fdb\u56f4\u7ed5\u5730\u7403\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8f68\u9053\u3002
3\u3001\u8bcd\u4e49\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6c49\u8bed\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u628a\u539f\u6587\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bcd\u4e49\u8f83\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8bcd\u5f15\u4f38\u4e3a\u8bcd\u4e49\u8f83\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u6216\u628a\u8bcd\u4e49\u8f83\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u8bcd\u5f15\u4f38\u4e3a\u8bcd\u4e49\u8f83\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u8bcd\u3002
Every life has its roses and thorns .\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u90fd\u6709\u751c\u6709\u82e6\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001\u8bcd\u7c7b\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6280\u5de7
\u5728\u82f1\u8bd1\u6c49\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u9010\u8bcd\u5bf9\u8bd1\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u5219\u7531\u4e8e\u82f1\u6c49\u4e24\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u9010\u8bcd\u5bf9\u8bd1\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5c06\u8bcd\u7c7b\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u8bd1\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u65b9\u53ef\u4f7f\u8bd1\u6587\u663e\u5f97\u901a\u987a\u3001\u81ea\u7136\uff1b\u5bf9\u8bcd\u7c7b\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6280\u5de7\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u987b\u4ece\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u52a0\u4ee5\u6ce8\u610f\u3002
1\u3001\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6210\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u4ecb\u8bcd\u3001\u526f\u8bcd\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65f6\u53ef\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6210\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002
The lack of any special excretory system is explained in a similar way .
\u690d\u7269\u6ca1\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u6392\u6cc4\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u540c\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u52a0\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\uff08\u540d\u8bcd\u8f6c\u8bd1\uff09
As he ran out ,he forgot to have his shoes on .\u4ed6\u8dd1\u51fa\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86\u7a7f\u978b\u5b50\u3002
2\u3001\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6210\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u52a8\u8bcd\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65f6\u53ef\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u3002
The earth on which we live is shaped a ball.
\u6211\u4eec\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u5730\u7403\uff0c\u5f62\u72b6\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7403\u3002\uff08\u52a8\u8bcd\u8f6c\u8bd1\uff09
The doctor did his best to cure the sick and the wounded .
\u533b\u751f\u5c3d\u4e86\u6700\u5927\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u6765\u6cbb\u7597\u75c5\u53f7\u548c\u4f24\u5458\u3002\uff08\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u8f6c\u6362\uff09
3\u3001\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6210\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u6709\u4e9b\u4f5c\u8868\u8bed\u6216\u5bbe\u8bed\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u67d0\u4e9b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u53ef\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6210\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5f53\u82f1\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6210\u6c49\u8bed\u540d\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u4fee\u9970\u8be5\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u526f\u8bcd\u4e5f\u5f80\u5f80\u968f\u4e4b\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6210\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3002
It is no use employing radar to detect objects in water.
\u4f7f\u7528\u96f7\u8fbe\u63a2\u6d4b\u6c34\u4e0b\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\uff08\u4f5c\u8868\u8bed\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u8f6c\u8bd1\uff09
The sun affects tremendously both the mind and body of a man .
\u592a\u9633\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u90fd\u6709\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\uff08\u526f\u8bcd\u8f6c\u8bd1\uff09
4\u3001\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6210\u526f\u8bcd\u3002\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65f6\u53ef\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6210\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u526f\u8bcd\u3002
When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor .\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u6709 \u53ef\u80fd\u53cd\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u672c\u80fd\u5730\u8981\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u548c\u98ce\u8da3\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e89\u53d6\u8fc7\u6765\u3002\uff08\u540d\u8bcd\u8f6c\u8bd1\uff09
\u4e09\u3001\u6c49\u8bd1\u7684\u589e\u8bcd\u6280\u5de7
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1\u3001\u6839\u636e\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6216\u4fee\u8f9e\u4e0a\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u589e\u52a0\u4e0b\u5217\u4e03\u7c7b\u8bcd\u3002
Flowers bloom all over the yard .\u6735\u6735\u9c9c\u82b1\u6ee1\u9662\u76db\u5f00\u3002\uff08\u589e\u52a0\u8868\u793a\u540d\u8bcd\u590d\u6570\u7684\u8bcd\uff09
After the banquets ,the concerts and the table tennis exhibitor ,he went home tiredly .\u5728\u53c2\u52a0\u5bb4\u4f1a\u3001\u51fa\u5e2d\u97f3\u4e50\u4f1a\u3001\u89c2\u770b\u4e52\u4e53\u7403\u8868\u6f14\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u75b2\u5026\u5730\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u5bb6\u91cc\u3002\uff08\u589e\u52a0\u52a8\u8bcd\uff09
He sank down with his face in his hands .\u4ed6\u4e24\u624b\u8499\u7740\u8138\uff0c\u4e00\u5c41\u80a1\u5750\u4e86\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\uff08\u589e\u52a0\u526f\u8bcd\uff09
I had known two great social systems .\u90a3\u662f\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u4e24\u5927\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\uff08\u589e\u52a0\u8868\u8fbe\u65f6\u6001\u7684\u8bcd\uff09
As for me ,I didn\u2019t agree from the very beginning .\u6211\u5462\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u4e0d\u8d5e\u6210\u3002\uff08\u589e\u52a0\u8bed\u6c14\u52a9\u8bcd\uff09
The article summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers ,artificial satellites and rockets .\u672c\u6587\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u7535\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u4eba\u9020\u536b\u661f\u548c\u706b\u7bad\u8fd9\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u65b0\u6210\u5c31\u3002\uff08\u589e\u52a0\u6982\u62ec\u8bcd\uff09
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Reading makes a full man ;conference a ready man ;writing an exact man.
\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f7f\u4eba\u5145\u5b9e,\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f7f\u4eba\u673a\u667a,\u5199\u4f5c\u4f7f\u4eba\u51c6\u786e.(\u589e\u8865\u539f\u6587\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u6240\u7701\u7565\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd)
All bodies on the earth are known to possess weight.
\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u7269\u8d28\u90fd\u80af\u6709\u91cd\u91cf\u3002\uff08\u589e\u8865\u88ab\u52a8\u53e5\u4e2d\u6cdb\u6307\u6027\u7684\u8bcd\uff09
a) 词类的变通
The construction of the skyscraper is going on smoothly.
摩天大厦的建造正在顺利进行。
建造摩天大厦的工程正在顺利进行。(名词变动词)
We must pay a lot of attention to the combination of theory with practice.
我们必须给予理论与实践的结合以很大的注意。
我们必须十分注意理论联系实践。(名词变动词)
We are very grateful to their help.
对于他们的帮助我们是非常感谢的。
我们非常感谢他们的帮助。(形容词变动词)
The camel is chiefly characterized by an ability to go for many days without water.
骆驼主要擅长于具有几天不喝水的能力。
骆驼的主要特征是能够几天不喝水。(动词变名词)
The performance was a great success.
演出是个伟大的成功。
演出十分成功。(名词变形容词)
It is my great honour to meet you here today.
今天在这儿见到您是我很大的荣幸。
今天我很荣幸地在这儿见到您。(名词变副词)
b) 词组的变通
The old man tried to carry as much earth as the young people, but failed.
那老头要和青年人挑一样多的土，但失败了。
那老头要和青年人挑一样多的土，但力不从心。
Over thirty-seven million acres more of land had lost their productivity through neglect.
超过三千七百万英亩的土地因失于料理而荒芜了。
由于疏忽，超过三千七百万英亩的土地荒芜了。
They wouldn’t have achieved so much without your help.
没有你的帮忙，他们的成绩不会那幺好。
要不是得到你的帮忙，他们的成绩是不会那幺好的。
He carried the baby in his arms all at once without hesitation and then headed for the bus stop in big strides.
他立即毫不犹豫地把婴儿抱起来，向巴士站大踏步走去。
他二话没说就把婴儿抱起来，直向巴士站奔去。
d) 意思的变通
In the colonialist country, oppression and exploitation are the order of the day.
在殖民主义国家里，压迫和剥削是今天的秩序。
在殖民主义国家里，压迫和剥削是家常便饭。
It is therefore not only inevitable but right that he should have to think in these terms.
所以，他将这些条件列入考虑，不仅是不可缺少的，而且也是正确的。
所以，他有这种考虑(想法)，不仅是不可避免的，也是理所当然的。
We shall as ever make efforts to develop good trade relations with your country on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.
我们将和以前一样，在平等互利的基础上，努力发展与贵国的良好贸易关系。
我们将一如既往，在平等互利的基础上，努力和贵国发展良好的贸易关系。
That was the reason why she was so angry.
这就是为什幺她那幺生气的理由。
这就是她为什幺这幺生气。
He has eaten next to nothing.
他等于什幺都没吃。
他几乎什幺都没吃。
You are really something.
你真的有点东西。
你真有一手。
d) 长句的变通
碰到长句时，更加要设法在语法上变通处理，使之明白易懂。在这种情况下，通常使用断句、倒装、拆句三种方法来加以处理。
1) 断句法
For this reason I request that if the debate is to continue, we have a recess of an hour, and I say this in my own name, but I am certain there are others who have been here since the beginning of this meeting and who feel that if the meeting is to continue it would be fair to have a recess, even if it is only one hour.
因此，如果要继续辩论，我要求休会一小时。我这句话是以我个人的名义说的。但是我知道还有别的人从这次会议一开始就坐在这里，相信他们也觉得，如果会议要继续下去，就应该休会一次，即使一个小时也好。
2) 倒装法
Mr. Echeveria had been Minister of the Interior in the Mexican Government, which took the decision to set the army on the students who attempted to demonstrate in Tlatelalco on 21 and 22 September in that year.
该年的九月二十一日和二十二日，学生试图在特拉特洛尔科示威，当时派兵镇压的墨西哥政府内政部长，就是埃切维里亚先生。
3) 拆句法
The victory of German National-Socialism, the most reactionary, the most aggressive form of fascism, and its war provocations have spurred on the war parties, which represent the most reactionary and Chauvinist elements of the bourgeoisie, to fight in all countries more vigorously for power and to intensify the fascization of the state apparatus.
德国国家社会主义是最反动、最具侵略性的一种法西斯主义形式。它的得势以及它的战争挑衅，促使世界各国的好战党派为夺取政权而进行更加激烈的斗争，并加强国家机器的法西斯化。这些好战党派所代表的，是资产阶级中最反动的和沙文主义的成分。
在一个句子中，有必要时，可同时交替使用两种或三种上述处理长句的方法。
e) 提炼练习示范
下面是一些英译中句子和段落的提炼示范：
Braving thorny thickets and nasty wasps, we ascended the higher peak, which dominates the region and offers a magnificent panorama of soaring mountains, narrow valleys and the single winding road over which the Red Army fought its bloody way.
我们冒着荆棘丛和讨厌的黄蜂，爬上了更高的那个山峰。这里对全地区一览无遗，只见下面是一幅壮观的全景图：高耸的峰峦和狭隘的山谷，以及红军当年杀出一条血路的那条唯一的羊肠小径。
(我们一路上冒着被荆棘刺和讨厌的黄蜂针的危险，爬上了更高的那个山峰。这里俯瞰全区，给我们展现了一幅壮观的全景图：只见下面峰峦起伏，幽谷处处，还有当年红军杀出一条血路的那条唯一的羊肠小径。)
Beyond the town loomed a series of strange conical mountains. To our Western eyes they recalled the seemingly fantastic mountains in classical Chinese painting. We had come to Guiyang to find these painted mountains a reality.
城外矗立着重重的圆锥形的山。在我们西方人的眼中，它们使我们回想起中国画中隐隐约约的奇异山峦。我们来到贵阳，画中的山峦变成了现实。
(城外隐隐约约地呈现出重重圆锥形的山峰。在我们西方人眼中，这些山峰使我们想起了中国画中那些奇异缥缈的山峦。我们来到贵阳，画中的山峦竟变成了现实。)
As we moved into the higher, more remote regions, the weather was heavily overcast, with occasional rain and cloudbursts. We saw the mountain peaks only rarely. The rice paddies were emerald green and the mountains distinctly vague and elusive through the mist.
当我们深入到更高更远的地区时，天空密云满布，间有骤雨和大暴雨。我们很难看到山峰的真面目。水稻一派翠绿，远山烟雾溟蒙。
(当我们进入更高更偏远的地区时，天空密云满布，间有骤雨和大暴雨。我们难得看到山峦的面目。水稻一派翠绿，烟雾溟蒙中，山峦显得隐约飘渺。)
As the road swung in the direction of Tibet, the scenery became increasingly rough and dramatic. Waterfalls from tall mountains and narrow gorges plunged beside the winding mountain road on which we traveled.
在向西藏伸延的道路上，周围的风景变得越来越崎岖和具戏剧性。瀑布从崇山窄谷中向我们行走的蜿蜒的山路旁，倾泻而下。
(在通往西藏的逶迤的道路上，周围的环境变得越来越崎岖和使人胆跳心惊。在我们汽车行走的蜿蜒的山路旁，瀑布从崇山和深壑倾泻而下。)
以下是一个场面的英译中的文字，供大家作对比参考之用：
Going up the mountains, we stopped for a picnic – a few rice cakes and cookies accompanied by tea brought in the huge and efficient Chinese thermoses that went with us everywhere. We were contented travelers in a seemingly timeless China. The air was fresh, and wild flowers abounded. Unusual hydrangeas, exotic clematis-type vines covered with white starlike flowers, and bushes spotted with heart-shaped leaves and lilylike flowers bloomed everywhere. The hum of bees and the cool breezes wafting up the mountainside lulled us; wild strawberries grew in profusion in the grasses
在攀登这些高山时，我们停下来进行野餐 -- 一些米饼、曲奇饼和茶水。茶水装在大型和很顶用的中国热水瓶里，我们到哪里都带着那些热水瓶。在中国这个似乎没有时间观念的地方，我们成了无拘无束的旅客。空气是清新的，到处都是野花。独特的绣球花属植物，上面开着白色星状花朵的奇异的铁线莲形蔓藤类植物，以及长满心形叶和开满百合花状花朵的灌木处处可见。蜜蜂的嗡嗡声和从山腰徐徐吹来的凉风，使我们昏昏欲睡；草丛中长着茂密的野生草莓。
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绛旓細1.believe his words.2.believe what he says.鑻辫缈昏瘧锛屾槸鎸囩敤鑻辫鏉ヨ〃杈惧彟涓绉嶈瑷鎴栫敤鍙︿竴绉嶈瑷琛ㄨ揪鑻辫鐨勮瑷涔嬮棿浜掔浉琛ㄨ揪鐨勬椿鍔ㄣ傝嫳璇炕璇戞棦鍖呮嫭涓瘧鑻便佽嫳璇戜腑锛屽悓鏃朵篃鍖呮嫭鑻遍煩浜掕瘧銆佹棩鑻变簰璇戜互鍙婅嫳璇拰鍏跺畠璇鐨勪簰璇戙鎶宸鍒楃ず 鑻辫缈昏瘧涓湁鐩磋瘧鍜屾剰涔変袱绉嶅熀鏈炕璇戞柟娉曪紝鍙︽湁澧炶瘧娉曘佺渷璇戞硶...
绛旓細鏈変簡鈥滀笁姝ヨ蛋鈥濆師鍒,闀垮彞涓鐐瑰効閮戒笉鍙!杩欎竴姹夎嫳鍙ュ紡閫昏緫鍒嗘瀽鎶宸鍦ㄥ疄鎿嶈缁冧腑闈炲父瀹炵敤涔熸瀬鏄撴帉鎻!璇﹁鍚勫惊鐜浉鍏冲疄渚嬪垎鏋愩備簩銆併涓嫳浜掕瘧缈昏瘧銆戔滃杞诲閲嶁濊鍒嗘槑銆備富瑕佹槸鎸囦腑鑻变簰璇戠炕璇戝彞瀛愮粨鏋勫樊寮:涓枃缁撴瀯鈥滃墠杞诲悗閲嶁,涓枃缁撴瀯浜嬪疄銆佽儗鏅湪鍓,琛ㄦ併佸垽鏂佺粨璁哄湪鍚,鑻辨枃鎭版伆鐩稿弽,鏄滃墠閲嶅悗杞烩濄傜粨鏋...
