写出分子式为C5H12O的所有醇的异构体，按系统命名法命名，并指出伯，仲，叔醇。 （1）写出C 6 H 14 的所有同分异构体的结构简式并用系...
\uff0812\u5206\uff09\u5199\u51fa\u620a\u70f7\uff08C 5 H 12 \uff09\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u7ed9\u5b83\u4eec\u547d\u540d\u3002CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 \u620a\u70f7\uff1b (CH 3 ) 2 CHCH 2 CH 3 2\uff0d\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u70f7\uff1b(CH 3 ) 4 C 2\uff0c2\uff0d\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u4e19\u70f7 \u4e66\u5199\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u65f6\u5e94\u9075\u5faa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u2460\u4e3b\u94fe\u7531\u957f\u5230\u77ed\uff1b\u2461\u652f\u94fe\u7531\u6574\u5230\u6563\uff1b\u2462\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7531\u5fc3\u5230\u8fb9\uff1b\u2463\u6392\u5217\u90bb\u3001\u5bf9\u3001\u95f4\u3002
\uff081\uff09C 6 H 14 \u5c5e\u4e8e\u70f7\u70c3\uff0c\u5176\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u6709\uff1aCH 3 \uff08CH 2 \uff09 4 CH 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a\u6b63\u5df1\u70f7\uff1bCH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH\uff08CH 3 \uff09 2 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a2-\u7532\u57fa\u620a\u70f7\uff1bCH 3 CH 2 CH\uff08CH 3 \uff09CH 2 CH 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a3-\u7532\u57fa\u620a\u70f7\uff1bCH 3 CH 2 C\uff08CH 3 \uff09 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a2\uff0c2-\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u70f7\u70f7\uff1bCH 3 CH\uff08CH 3 \uff09CH\uff08CH 3 \uff09CH 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a2\uff0c3-\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u70f7\uff0c\u7b54\uff1aC 6 H 14 \u5c5e\u4e8e\u70f7\u70c3\uff0c\u5176\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u6709\uff1aCH 3 \uff08CH 2 \uff09 4 CH 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a\u6b63\u5df1\u70f7\uff1bCH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH\uff08CH 3 \uff09 2 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a2-\u7532\u57fa\u620a\u70f7\uff1bCH 3 CH 2 CH\uff08CH 3 \uff09CH 2 CH 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a3-\u7532\u57fa\u620a\u70f7\uff1bCH 3 CH 2 C\uff08CH 3 \uff09 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a2\uff0c2-\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u70f7\u70f7\uff1bCH 3 CH\uff08CH 3 \uff09CH\uff08CH 3 \uff09CH 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a2\uff0c3-\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u70f7\uff1b\uff082\uff09C 4 H 8 \u4e14\u5c5e\u4e8e\u70ef\u70c3\u7684\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\uff1aCH 2 =CHCH 2 CH 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a1-\u4e01\u70ef\uff1bCH 3 CH=CHCH 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a2-\u4e01\u70ef\uff1bCH 2 =C\uff08CH 3 \uff09 2 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a2-\u7532\u57fa-1-\u4e19\u70ef\uff0c\u7b54\uff1aCH 2 =CHCH 2 CH 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a1-\u4e01\u70ef\uff1bCH 3 CH=CHCH 3 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a2-\u4e01\u70ef\uff1bCH 2 =C\uff08CH 3 \uff09 2 \uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a2-\u7532\u57fa-1-\u4e19\u70ef\uff0e
解：分子式为C5H12O的所有醇,含有-OH.剩余基团为-C5H11,即戊基，共有8种。
分子式为C5H12O的所有醇的同分异构体有8种。
详解如下：
1.CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
2.(CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH
3.CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2OH
4.CH3CH2CH2CH(CH3)OH
5。(CH3CH2)2CHOH
6。CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2OH
7。(CH3)3CCH2OH
8.(CH3)2CHCH(CH3)OH
命名等会解，马上上课了。
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH（正戊烷）
OHCH2CH2CH(CH3)2和CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2OH(异戊烷)
新戊烷边上四个甲基换个羟基
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH伯
(CH3CH2)2CHOH仲
CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2OH伯
CH3CH2C(CH3)2OH叔
CH3C(CH3)2CH2OH伯
绛旓細14绉 C5H12O鐨勫悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋鐨勭鏁版湁14绉嶃傚洜涓鍒嗗瓙寮忎负C5H12O鐨鏈夋満鐗╋紝鍙兘鏄唶涔熷彲鑳芥槸閱氥傚洜姝ゅ鏋滄槸閱囩殑璇濓紝閭ｄ箞鎴婂熀-C5H11鍙兘鐨勭粨鏋勫氨鏈8绉嶏紝涔熷氨鏄垔閱囩殑鍙兘缁撴瀯鏈8绉嶏紝鍒嗗埆涓猴細-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3銆-CH锛圕H3锛塁H2CH2CH3銆-CH锛圕H2CH3锛夈2銆-CHCH锛圕H3锛塁H2CH3銆-C锛圕H3锛2CH2...
绛旓細鍒嗗瓙寮忎负c5h12o鐨勬墍鏈閱囦腑锛岃姘у寲鍚庢渶澶氬彲浜х敓楗卞拰涓鍏冮啗鏈澶氭湁4绉 鑳藉姘у寲鎴愰啗鐨勯唶涓瀹氭槸浼唶,鍗矯4H9鈥擟H2OH,瀵逛簬鈥擟4H9,瀛樺湪4绉嶅紓鏋勩俻s锛氫竴鑸叧浜庣兎鍩虹殑寮傛瀯,鎴戞暀缁欏鐢熺殑鏂规硶鏄浣忓瘑鐮侊細1銆1銆2銆4銆8,瀵瑰簲鐨勫垎鍩哄埆鏄敳鍩恒佷箼鍩恒佷笝鍩恒佷竵鍩恒佹垔鍩烘墍瀛樺湪鐨勫紓鏋勬柟寮,浣犱篃鍙互璇曠潃鑷繁鍐...
绛旓細3-鎴婇唶锛汣CC(C)COH 2-鐢插熀,1-涓侀唶锛汣CC(C)2OH 2-鐢插熀,2-涓侀唶锛汣C(OH)C(C)C 3-鐢插熀,2-涓侀唶锛汣(OH)CC(C)C 3-鐢插熀,1-涓侀唶CC(C)2COH 2,2-浜岀敳鍩轰笝閱 閱氾細COCCCC銆丆OC(C)CC銆丆OCC(C)C銆丆OC(C)3CCOCCC銆丆COC(C)C 鏈夋嫭鍙风殑浠ｈ〃鏀摼,渚嬪CCCC(OH)C灏鏄疌H2CH2CH2C...
绛旓細瑙佸浘锛
绛旓細鍏堣閱囩被鍚х敱浜C5H12鏈変笁绉嶅悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋锛屾鎴婄兎鐨勪竴缇熷熀鍙栦唬鐗╂湁3绉嶏紝2-鐢插熀涓佺兎锛堝紓鎴婄兎锛夌殑涓缇熷熀鍙栦唬鐗╂湁4绉嶏紝2锛2-浜岀敳鍩轰笝鐑凤紙鏂版垔鐑凤級鐨勪竴缇熷熀鍙栦唬鐗╂湁1绉嶏紝閱氱被鏈塁H3OCH2CH2CH2CH3,CH3OCH2CH(CH3)2,CH3OC(CH3)3,CH3CH2OCH2CH2CH3,CH3CH2OCH(CH3)2,鎬诲叡13绉 ...
绛旓細C5H12O 鐨鍚屽垎寮傛瀯浣撲竴鍏辨湁鍏锛屽鍥炬墍绀猴細
绛旓細3-鎴婇唶锛汣CC(C)COH 2-鐢插熀,1-涓侀唶锛汣CC(C)2OH 2-鐢插熀,2-涓侀唶锛汣C(OH)C(C)C 3-鐢插熀,2-涓侀唶锛汣(OH)CC(C)C 3-鐢插熀,1-涓侀唶CC(C)2COH 2,2-浜岀敳鍩轰笝閱囬啔锛COCCCC銆丆OC(C)CC銆丆OCC(C)C銆丆OC(C)3CCOCCC銆丆COC(C)C鏈夋嫭鍙风殑浠ｈ〃鏀摼锛屼緥濡侰CCC(OH)C灏鏄疌H2CH2CH2CHO...
绛旓細锛1锛鍒嗗瓙寮忎负C 5 H 12 O鐨閱嘇鑳借姘у寲涓哄悓纰冲師瀛愭暟鐨勯啗骞惰繘涓姝ユ哀鍖栦负缇ч吀B锛屽垯涓庣緹鍩虹浉杩炵殑纰冲師瀛愪笂鍚湁2涓阿鍘熷瓙锛岀鍚堟潯浠剁殑缁撴瀯鏈夛細CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH銆丆H 3 CH 2 CH 2 锛圕H 3 锛塁H 2 OH銆丠OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 锛圕H 3 锛塇 2 銆侊紙CH 3 锛 3 CCH 2 OH...
绛旓細鏍规嵁鍒嗗瓙寮忎负C5H12O鐨閱囧偓鍖栨哀鍖栧緱鍒扮殑鏈夋満鐗╄兘鍙戠敓閾堕暅鍙嶅簲锛岃鏈夋満鐗╁睘浜庨啗锛屽垯杩炴帴缇熷熀鐨勭⒊鍘熷瓙涓婂惈鏈2涓阿鍘熷瓙锛屽厛纭畾C5H12鐨勫悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋锛屽啀鐢-OH鍙栦唬C5H12涓敳鍩轰笂鐨凥鍘熷瓙锛孋5H12鐨勫悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋鏈夛細CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3銆丆H3CH锛圕H3锛塁H2CH3銆丆锛圕H3锛4锛孋H3CH2CH2CH2CH3涓紝鐢-OH鍙栦唬H鍘熷瓙...
绛旓細鑳芥哀鍖栫敓鎴愰啗鐨勯唶蹇呴』鏈-CH2-OH ,鍓╀綑涓-C4H9 ,鑰孋4H10鍏辨湁2绉嶅悓鍒嗗紓鏋,姘㈠師瀛愮绫诲叡鏈夊洓绉,鍥犳C4H9-CH2OH鏈夊洓绉,缁撴瀯绠寮忕浉褰撲簬C4H10涓湁涓姘㈣-CH2OH鍙栦唬涓鏍.濡傚浘:
