求美国独立宣言原件 美国《独立宣言》全文
\u72ec\u7acb\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u539f\u7a3f\u7559\u5728\u54ea\uff1f\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u72ec\u7acb\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff08United States Declaration of Independence\uff09\uff0c\u4e3a\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u5341\u4e09\u4e2a\u82f1\u5c5e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5ba3\u544a\u81ea\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u738b\u56fd\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u5e76\u5ba3\u660e\u6b64\u4e3e\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u4e4b\u6587\u544a\u30021776\u5e747\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u672c\u5ba3\u8a00\u7531\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5927\u9646\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e8e\u8d39\u57ce\u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u5f53\u65e5\u5179\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u72ec\u7acb\u7eaa\u5ff5\u65e5\u3002\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e4b\u539f\u4ef6\u7531\u5927\u9646\u4f1a\u8bae\u51fa\u5e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u5171\u540c\u7b7e\u7f72\uff0c\u5e76\u6c38\u4e45\u5c55\u793a\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7279\u533a\u4e4b\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6863\u6848\u9986\uff08National Archives and Records Administration\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7acb\u56fd\u6587\u4e66\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u72ec\u7acb\u5ba3\u8a00 \u4e00\u4e03\u4e03\u516d\u5e74\u4e03\u6708\u56db\u65e5
\u3000\u3000\u5927\u9646\u4f1a\u8bae \u7f8e\u5229\u575a\u5341\u4e09\u4e2a\u8054\u5408\u90a6\u4e00\u81f4\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u5ba3\u8a00
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u6709\u5173\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u5fc5\u987b\u89e3\u9664\u5176\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f9d\u7167\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\u5219\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u795e\u660e \uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u72ec\u7acb\u548c\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u51fa\u65bc\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u516c\u610f\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5ba3\u5e03\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u771f\u7406\u662f\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\u7684\uff1a\u9020\u7269\u8005\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u8d4b\u4e88\u4ed6\u4eec\u82e5\u5e72\u4e0d\u53ef\u5265\u593a\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u547d\u6743\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u548c\u8ffd\u6c42\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u969c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u624d\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u800c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u6b63\u5f53\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u5219\u6765\u81ea\u88ab\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u540c\u610f\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7834\u574f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u5c31\u6709\u6743\u5229\u6539\u53d8\u6216\u5e9f\u9664\u5b83\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u653f\u5e9c\uff1b\u65b0\u653f\u5e9c\u8d56\u4ee5\u5960\u57fa\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6743\u529b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u589e\u8fdb\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5e78\u798f\u3002\u7684\u786e\uff0c\u4ece\u614e\u91cd\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u5f53\u7531\u65bc\u8f7b\u5fae\u548c\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u6210\u7acb\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e5f\u90fd\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u82e6\u96be\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5c1a\u80fd\u5fcd\u53d7\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u90fd\u5b81\u613f\u5bb9\u5fcd\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u610f\u5e9f\u9664\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e45\u5df2\u4e60\u60ef\u4e86\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u6765\u6062\u590d\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6743\u76ca\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u653f\u5e9c\u4e00\u8d2f\u6ee5\u7528\u804c\u6743\u3001\u5f3a\u53d6\u8c6a\u593a\uff0c\u4e00\u6210\u4e0d\u53d8\u5730\u8ffd\u9010\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u5b83\u65e8\u5728\u628a\u4eba\u6c11\u7f6e\u65bc\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e13\u5236\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4e0b\u65f6\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebd\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u5c31\u6709\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e49\u52a1\u63a8\u7ffb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\uff0d\uff0d\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u8fc7\u53bb\u9006\u6765\u987a\u53d7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u4ee5\u524d\u653f\u5e9c\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5f53\u4eca\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u518d\u635f\u4eba\u5229\u5df1\u548c\u5f3a\u53d6\u8c6a\u593a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66b4\u884c\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u60f3\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90a6\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u66b4\u653f\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc1\u660e\u6240\u8a00\u5c5e\u5b9e\uff0c\u73b0\u628a\u4e0b\u5217\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5411\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5ba3\u5e03\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4ed6\u62d2\u7edd\u6279\u51c6\u5bf9\u516c\u4f17\u5229\u76ca\u6700\u6709\u76ca\u3001\u6700\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002\u4ed6\u7981\u6b62\u4ed6\u7684\u603b\u7763\u4eec\u6279\u51c6\u6025\u9700\u548c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u8981\u4e0d\u5c31\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6401\u7f6e\u8d77\u6765\u6682\u7b49\u5f85\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u610f\uff1b\u4e00\u65e6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u88ab\u6401\u7f6e\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u7f6e\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7406\u3002 \u4ed6\u62d2\u7edd\u6279\u51c6\u5141\u8bb8\u5c06\u5e7f\u5927\u5730\u533a\u4f9b\u6c11\u4f17\u57a6\u6b96\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eba\u6c11\u60c5\u613f\u653e\u5f03\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u5173\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6743\uff1b\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u6743\u5229\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f30\u91cf\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u66b4\u541b\u624d\u754f\u60e7\u8fd9\u79cd\u6743\u5229\u3002 \u4ed6\u628a\u5404\u5730\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\u53ec\u96c6\u5230\u65e2\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3001\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8212\u9002\u4e14\u8fdc\u79bb\u516c\u6587\u6863\u6848\u4fdd\u5b58\u5730\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53bb\u5f00\u4f1a\uff0c\u5176\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u75b2\u65bc\u5954\u547d\uff0c\u987a\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u65e8\u3002\u4ed6\u4e00\u518d\u89e3\u6563\u5404\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u575a\u5b9a\u679c\u6562\u5730\u53cd\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4fb5\u72af\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5404\u9879\u6743\u5229\u3002\u5728\u89e3\u6563\u5404\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u8bae\u4f1a\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u62d2\u7edd\u53e6\u9009\u65b0\u8bae\u4f1a\u3002\u4f46\u7acb\u6cd5\u6743\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u9879\u6743\u529b\u5df2\u7ecf\u56de\u5230\u5e7f\u5927\u4eba\u6c11\u624b\u4e2d\u5e76\u7531\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u884c\u4f7f\uff1b\u5176\u65f6\u5404\u90a6\u4ecd\u7136\u9669\u8c61\u73af\u751f\uff0c\u5916\u6709\u4fb5\u7565\u4e4b\u60a3\uff0c\u5185\u6709\u52a8\u4e71\u4e4b\u5fe7\u3002 \u4ed6\u7aed\u529b\u6291\u5236\u5404\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u589e\u52a0\u4eba\u56d7\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u963b\u6320\u300a\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u5f52\u5316\u6cd5\u5f8b\u300b\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u6279\u51c6\u5176\u4ed6\u9f13\u52b1\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u79fb\u5c45\u5404\u90a6\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u5206\u914d\u65b0\u571f\u5730\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4ed6\u62d2\u7edd\u6279\u51c6\u5efa\u7acb\u53f8\u6cd5\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u85c9\u4ee5\u963b\u6320\u53f8\u6cd5\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u4ed6\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u4efb\u671f\u3001\u85aa\u91d1\u6570\u989d\u548c\u652f\u4ed8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8ba9\u6cd5\u5b98\u5b8c\u5168\u4ece\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u3002\u4ed6\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u8859\u95e8\uff0c\u6d3e\u9063\u8757\u866b\u822c\u591a\u7684\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u9a9a\u6270\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u5e76\u8695\u98df\u6c11\u8102\u6c11\u818f\u3002\u5728\u548c\u5e73\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u672a\u7ecf\u6211\u4eec\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u5173\u7684\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u95f4\u9a7b\u624e\u5e38\u5907\u519b\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4ed6\u4f7f\u519b\u961f\u72ec\u7acb\u65bc\u6c11\u653f\u6743\u529b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5e76\u51cc\u9a7e\u65bc\u6c11\u653f\u6743\u529b\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u4ed6\u540c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u52fe\u7ed3\uff0c\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u7f6e\u65bc\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f53\u5236\u683c\u683c\u4e0d\u5165\u3001\u4e14\u4e0d\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u7ba1\u8f96\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff1b\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6279\u51c6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u70ae\u5236\u7684\u5047\u5192\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u6765\u5230\u8fbe\u4e0b\u8ff0\u76ee\u7684 :
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u9a7b\u624e\u5927\u6279\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\uff1b\u7528\u5047\u5ba1\u8baf\u6765\u5305\u5e87\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u4f7f\u90a3\u4e9b\u6740\u5bb3\u6211\u4eec\u5404\u90a6\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u8c0b\u6740\u8005\u900d\u9065\u6cd5\u5916\uff1b \u5207\u65ad\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u8d38\u6613\uff1b\u672a\u7ecf\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u610f\u4fbf\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5f3a\u884c\u5fb5\u7a0e\uff1b\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5265\u593a\u6211\u4eec\u4eab\u6709\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u7684\u6743\u76ca\uff1b\u7f16\u9020\u7f6a\u540d\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u9012\u89e3\u5230\u6d77\u5916\u53bb\u53d7\u5ba1\uff1b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u90bb\u8fd1\u5730\u533a \u5e9f\u9664\u82f1\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5efa\u7acb\u4e13\u6a2a\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5e76\u6269\u5927\u5b83\u7684\u7586\u754c\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u4f7f\u4e4b\u8fc5\u5373\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u677f\u548c\u5f97\u5fc3\u5e94\u624b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5411\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5404\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u63a8\u884c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u7edf\u6cbb\uff1b \u53d6\u6d88\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7279\u8bb8\u72b6\uff0c\u5e9f\u9664\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1b\u4e2d\u6b62\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5ba3\u79f0\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u6709\u6743\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7acb\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u5ba3\u5e03\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u4e0d\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u6218\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u653f\u6743\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d77\u57df\u5927\u8086\u63a0\u593a\uff0c\u8e42\u8e8f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d77\u5cb8\uff0c\u711a\u70e7\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e02\u9547\uff0c\u6b8b\u5bb3\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u9001\u5927\u6279\u5916\u56fd\u4f63\u5175\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u5c60\u6740\u3001\u7834\u574f\u548c\u8086\u8650\u7684\u52fe\u5f53\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u52fe\u5f53\u65e9\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5176\u6b8b\u9177\u5351\u52a3\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u6700\u91ce\u86ee\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e5f\u96be\u51fa\u5176\u53f3\u3002\u4ed6\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u914d\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u660e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5143\u9996\u3002\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8feb\u5728\u516c\u6d77\u88ab\u4ed6\u4fd8\u864f\u7684\u6211\u4eec\u516c\u6c11\u540c\u80de\u5145\u519b\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6b8b\u6740\u81ea\u5df1\u670b\u53cb\u548c\u4eb2\u4eba\u7684\u521b\u5b50\u624b\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6b7b\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u670b\u53cb\u548c\u4eb2\u4eba\u7684\u624b\u4e0b\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4ed6\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u95f4\u717d\u52a8\u5185\u4e71\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7aed\u529b\u6311\u5506\u90a3\u4e9b\u6b8b\u9177\u65e0\u60c5\u7684\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u6765\u6740\u63a0\u6211\u4eec\u8fb9\u7586\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4e0d\u5206\u7537\u5973\u8001\u5e7c\uff0c\u4e00\u5f8b\u683c\u6740\u52ff\u8bba\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u538b\u8feb\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u66fe\u7528\u6700\u8c26\u5351\u7684\u8a00\u8f9e\u8bf7\u6c42\u6551\u6d4e\uff0c \u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u518d\u7684\u8bf7\u613f\u6c42\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7b54\u8986\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u518d\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u541b\u4e3b\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u54c1\u884c\u683c\u5df2\u6253\u4e0a\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u66b4\u541b\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u70d9\u5370\u65f6\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e0d\u914d\u505a\u81ea\u7531\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u987e\u5ff5\u6211\u4eec\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u5f1f\u5144\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u518d\u8b66\u544a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u5173\u4f01\u56fe\u628a\u65e0\u7406\u7684\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u6a2a\u52a0\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5934\u4e0a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u63d0\u9192\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u79fb\u6c11\u5e76\u5b9a\u5c45\u6765\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u66fe\u7ecf\u547c\u5524\u4ed6\u4eec\u5929\u751f\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\u611f\u548c\u4fa0\u809d\u4e49\u80c6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6073\u5207\u9648\u8bcd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ed6\u4eec\u5ff5\u5728\u540c\u6587\u540c\u79cd\u7684\u4efd\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f03\u7edd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u6211\u4eec\u5f7c\u6b64\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5f80\u6765\u7684\u65e0\u7406\u63a0\u593a\u3002\u5bf9\u65bc\u8fd9\u79cd\u6765\u81ea\u6b63\u4e49\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u8840\u7f18\u7684\u547c\u58f0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5374\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u7f6e\u82e5\u7f54\u95fb\u3002\u8feb\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5ba3\u5e03\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5f85\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u5bf9\u5f85\u4ed6\u4eec\uff1a\u6218\u65f6\u662f\u4ec7\u654c\uff0c\u5e73\u65f6\u662f\u670b\u53cb\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u96c6\u5408\u5728\u5927\u9646\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0b\u7684\u7f8e\u5229\u575a\u8054\u5408\u90a6\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5404\u9879\u6b63\u5f53\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u5401\u8bf7\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\uff1a\u4ee5\u5404\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5584\u826f\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u5e76\u7ecf\u4ed6\u4eec\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6781\u4e3a\u5e84\u4e25\u5730\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8054\u5408\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4ece\u6b64\u6210\u4e3a\u3001\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u540d\u6b63\u8a00\u987a\u5730\u6210\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff1b\u5b83\u4eec\u89e3\u9664\u6548\u5fe0\u82f1\u56fd\u738b\u5ba4\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u548c\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u653f\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\u4ece\u6b64\u5168\u90e8\u65ad\u7edd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u65ad\u7edd\uff1b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u6743\u5ba3\u6218\u3001\u5abe\u548c\u3001\u7ed3\u76df\u3001\u901a\u5546\u548c\u91c7\u53d6\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\u7406\u5e94\u91c7\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u884c\u52a8\u548c\u4e8b\u5b9c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f3a\u5316\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6000\u7740\u6df1\u4fe1\u795e\u660e\u4fdd\u4f51\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u8c28\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3001\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u795e\u5723\u7684\u8363\u8a89\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5ba3\u8a93\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u7ffb\u8bd1:\u4efb\u4e1c\u6765
\u3000\u3000\u4efb\u4e1c\u6765\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u732e\u9009\u96c6\u300b\u7684\u8bd1\u6587\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u534e\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u65b0\u95fb\u6587\u5316\u5904\u51fa\u7248\uff0c1985\uff09\u548c\u300a1765\uff0d\uff0d1917\u5e74\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u300b\u7684\u8bd1\u6587\uff08\u8c22\u5fb7\u98ce\u7b49\u9009\u8bd1\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u4e09\u8054\u4e66\u5e97\uff0c1957\uff09\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u91cd\u8bd1\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a \u6708\u6f02\u661f\u6d77 2005-4-25 09:52 \u56de\u590d\u6b64\u53d1\u8a00
\u3000\u3000--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\u3000\u30002 \u56de\u590d\uff1a\u300a\u72ec\u7acb\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u5168\u6587
\u3000\u3000THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
\u3000\u3000July 4, 1776
\u3000\u3000In Congress, July 4, 1776,
\u3000\u3000THE UNANIMOUS DECLARATION OF THE THIRTEEN UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
\u3000\u3000When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the Powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
\u3000\u3000We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.
\u3000\u3000That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.
\u3000\u3000That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to the m shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shown, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Des potism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.
\u3000\u3000Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.
\u3000\u3000He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.
\u3000\u3000He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
\u3000\u3000He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.
\u3000\u3000He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.
\u3000\u3000He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.
\u3000\u3000\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a \u6708\u6f02\u661f\u6d77 2005-4-25 09:52 \u56de\u590d\u6b64\u53d1\u8a00
\u3000\u3000--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\u3000\u30003 \u56de\u590d\uff1a\u300a\u72ec\u7acb\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u5168\u6587
\u3000\u3000He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.
\u3000\u3000He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws of Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands .
\u3000\u3000He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary powers.
\u3000\u3000He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.
\u3000\u3000He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harass our People, and eat out their substance.
\u3000\u3000He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.
\u3000\u3000He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power.
\u3000\u3000He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:
\u3000\u3000For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:
\u3000\u3000For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from Punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States:
\u3000\u3000For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:
\u3000\u3000For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:
\u3000\u3000For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury:
\u3000\u3000For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences:
\u3000\u3000For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into t hese Colonies:
\u3000\u3000For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments:
\u3000\u3000For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.
\u3000\u3000He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us.
\u3000\u3000He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the Lives of our people.
\u3000\u3000He is at this time transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the H ead of a civilized nation.
\u3000\u3000He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands.
\u3000\u3000\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a \u6708\u6f02\u661f\u6d77 2005-4-25 09:52 \u56de\u590d\u6b64\u53d1\u8a00
\u3000\u3000--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\u3000\u30004 \u56de\u590d\uff1a\u300a\u72ec\u7acb\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u5168\u6587
\u3000\u3000He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions.
\u3000\u3000In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A Prince, whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.
\u3000\u3000Nor have We been wanting in attention to our British brethren. We have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and sett lement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too have been deaf t o the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace Friends.
\u3000\u3000We, therefore, the Representatives of the united States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Bri tain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do. An d for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the Protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes and our sacred Honor.
\u3000\u3000JOHN HANCOCK, President
\u3000\u3000Attested, CHARLES THOMSON, Secretary
\u3000\u3000New Hampshire: JOSIAH BARTLETT, WILLIAM WHIPPLE, MATTHEW THORNTON
\u3000\u3000Massachusetts-Bay: SAMUEL ADAMS, JOHN ADAMS, ROBERT TREAT PAINE, ELBRIDGE GERRY
\u3000\u3000Rhode Island: STEPHEN HOPKINS, WILLIAM ELLERY
\u3000\u3000Connecticut: ROGER SHERMAN, SAMUEL HUNTINGTON, WILLIAM WILLIAMS, OLIVER WOLCOTT
\u3000\u3000Georgia: BUTTON GWINNETT, LYMAN HALL, GEO. WALTON
\u3000\u3000Maryland: SAMUEL CHASE, WILLIAM PACA, THOMAS STONE, CHARLES CARROLL OF CARROLLTON
\u3000\u3000Virginia: GEORGE WYTHE, RICHARD HENRY LEE, THOMAS JEFFERSON, BENJAMIN HARRISON, THOMAS NELSON, JR., FRANCIS LIGHTFOOT LEE, CARTER BRAXTON.
\u3000\u3000New York: WILLIAM FLOYD, PHILIP LIVINGSTON, FRANCIS LEWIS, LEWIS MORRIS
\u3000\u3000Pennsylvania: ROBERT MORRIS, BENJAMIN RUSH, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, JOHN MORTON, GEORGE CLYMER, JAMES SMITH, GEORGE TAYLOR, JAMES WILSON, GEORGE ROSS
\u3000\u3000Delaware: CAESAR RODNEY, GEORGE READ, THOMAS M'KEAN
\u3000\u3000North Carolina: WILLIAM HOOPER, JOSEPH HEWES, JOHN PENN
\u3000\u3000South Carolina: EDWARD RUTLEDGE, THOMAS HEYWARD, JR., THOMAS LYNCH, JR., ARTHUR MIDDLETON
\u3000\u3000New Jersey: RICHARD STOCKTON, JOHN WITHERSPOON, FRANCIS HOPKINS, JOHN HART, ABRAHAM CLARK
\u3000\u3000------------------------------------
\u3000\u3000Prepared by Gerald Murphy (The Cleveland Free-Net - aa300)
\u3000\u3000Distributed by the Cybercasting Services Division of the National Public Telecomputing Network (NPTN).
在人类事务发展的过程中，当一个民族必须解除同另一个民族的联系，并按照自然法则和上帝的旨意，以独立平等的身份立于世界列国之林时，出于对人类舆论的尊重，必须把驱使他们独立的原因予以宣布。
我们认为下述真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等，造物主赋予他们若干不可让与的权利，其中包括生存权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。为了保障这些权利，人们才在他们中间建立政府，而政府的正当权利，则是经被统治者同意授予的。任何形式的政府一旦对这些目标的实现起破坏作用时，人民便有权予以更换或废除，以建立一个新的政府。新政府所依据的原则和组织其权利的方式，务使人民认为唯有这样才最有可能使他们获得安全和幸福。若真要审慎的来说，成立多年的政府是不应当由于无关紧要的和一时的原因而予以更换的。过去的一切经验都说明，任何苦难，只要尚能忍受，人类还是情愿忍受，也不想为申冤而废除他们久已习惯了的政府形式。
然而，当始终追求同一目标的一系列滥用职权和强取豪夺的行为表明政府企图把人民至于专制暴政之下时，人民就有权也有义务去推翻这样的政府，并为其未来的安全提供新的保障。这就是这些殖民地过去忍受苦难的经过，也是他们现在不得不改变政府制度的原因。当今大不列颠王国的历史，就是屡屡伤害和掠夺这些殖民地的历史，其直接目标就是要在各州之上建立一个独裁暴政。为了证明上述句句属实，现将事实公诸于世，让公正的世人作出评判。
他拒绝批准对公众利益最有益、最必需的法律。
他禁止他的殖民总督批准刻不容缓、极端重要的法律，要不就先行搁置这些法律直至征得他的同意，而这些法律被搁置以后，他又完全置之不理。
他拒绝批准便利大地区人民的其他的法律，除非这些地区的人民情愿放弃自己在自己在立法机构中的代表权；而代表权对人民是无比珍贵的，只有暴君才畏惧它。
他把各州的立法委员召集到一个异乎寻常、极不舒适而有远离他们的档案库的地方去开会，其目的无非是使他们疲惫不堪，被迫就范。
他一再解散各州的众议院，因为后者坚决反对他侵犯人民的权利。
他在解散众议院之后，又长期拒绝另选他人，于是这项不可剥夺的立法权便归由
普通人民来行使，致使在这其间各州仍处于外敌入侵和内部骚乱的种种危险之中。
他力图阻止各州增加人口，为此目的，他阻挠外国人入籍法的通过，拒绝批准其
他鼓励移民的法律，并提高分配新土地的条件。
他拒绝批准建立司法权利的法律，以阻挠司法的执行。
他迫使法官为了保住任期、薪金的数额和支付而置于他个人意志的支配之下。
他滥设新官署，委派大批官员到这里骚扰我们的人民，吞噬他们的财物。
他在和平时期，未经我们立法机构同意，就在我们中间维持其常备军。
他施加影响，使军队独立于文官政权之外，并凌驾于文官政权之上。
他同他人勾结，把我们置于一种既不符合我们的法规也未经我们法律承认的管辖之下，而且还批准他们炮制的各种伪法案，以便任其在我们中间驻扎大批武装部队；不论这些人对我们各州居民犯下何等严重的谋杀罪，他可用加审判来庇护他们，让他们逍遥法外；他可以切断我们同世界各地的贸易；未经我们同意便向我们强行征税；在许多案件中剥夺我们享有陪审制的权益；以莫须有的罪名把我们押送海外受审；他在一个邻省废除了英国法律的自由制度，在那里建立专制政府，扩大其疆域，使其立即成为一个样板和合适的工具，以便向这里各殖民地推行同样的专制统治；他取消我们的许多特许状，废除我们最珍贵的法律并从根本上改变我们各州政府的形式；他终止我们立法机构行使权力，宣称他们自己拥有在任何情况下为我们制定法律的权力。
他们放弃设在这里的政府，宣称我们已不属他们保护之列，并向我们发动战争。他在我们的海域里大肆掠夺，蹂躏我们的沿海地区，烧毁我们的城镇，残害我们人民的生命。
他此时正在运送大批外国雇佣兵，来从事其制造死亡、荒凉和暴政的勾当，其残忍与卑劣从一开始就连最野蛮的时代也难以相比，他已完全不配当一个文明国家的元首。
他强迫我们在公海被他们俘虏的同胞拿起武器反对自己的国家，使他们成为残杀自己亲友的刽子手，或使他们死于自己亲友的手下。他在我们中间煽动内乱，并竭力挑唆残酷无情的印地安蛮子来对付我们边疆的居民，而众所周知，印地安人作战的准则是不分男女老幼、是非曲直，格杀勿论。在遭受这些压迫的每一阶段，我们都曾以最谦卑的言辞吁请予以纠正。而我们一次又一次的情愿，却只是被报以一次又一次的伤害。
一个君主，其品格被他的每一个只有暴君才干的出的行为所暴露时，就不配君临自由的人民。 我们并不是没有想到我们英国的弟兄。他们的立法机关想把无理的管辖权扩展到我们这里来，我们时常把这个企图通知他们。我们也曾把我们移民来这里和在这 里定居的情况告诉他们。我们曾恳求他们天生的正义感和雅量，念在同种同宗的分上，弃绝这些掠夺行为，因为这些掠夺行为难免会使我们之间的关系和来往中 断。可他们对这种正义和同宗的呼声也同样充耳不闻。因此，我们不得不宣布脱 离他们，以对待世界上其他民族的态度对待他们：同我交战者，就是敌人；同我 和好者，即为朋友。
因此我们这些在大陆会议上集会的美利坚合众国的代表们，以各殖民地善良人民的名义，并经他们授权，向世界最高裁判者申诉，说明我们的严重意向，同时郑重宣布：
我们这些联合起来的殖民地现在是，而且按公理也应该是，独立自由的国家；我们对英国王室效忠的全部义务，我们与大不列颠王国之间大不列颠一切政治联 系全部断绝，而且必须断绝。
作为一个独立自由的国家，我们完全有权宣战、缔和、结盟、通商和采取独立国家有权采取的一切行动。
我们坚定地信赖神明上帝的保佑，同时以我们的生命、财产和神圣的名誉彼此宣誓来支持这一宣言。
Declaration of Independence
United States
About the print version
Declaration of Independence
United States
John Dunlap
Philadelphia
1776
Published: 1776
In CONGRESS, July 4, 1776.
A DECLARATION
By the REPRESENTATIVES of the
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
In GENERAL CONGRESS Assembled.
When in the Course of human Events, it becomes necessary for one People to dissolve the Political Bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the Powers of the Earth, the separate and equal Station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent Respect to the Opinions of Mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the Separation.
We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness -- That to secure these Rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just Powers from the Consent of the Governed, that whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these Ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its Foundation on such Principles, and organizing its Powers in such Form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient Causes; and accordingly all Experience hath shewn, that Mankind are more disposed to suffer, while Evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the Forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long Train of Abuses and Usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object, evinces a Design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their Right, it is their Duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future Security. Such has been the patient Sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the Necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great-Britain is a History of repeated Injuries and Usurpations, all having in direct Object the Establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.
He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public Good.
He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing Importance, unless suspended in their Operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
He has refused to pass other Laws for the Accommodation of large Districts of People, unless those People would relinquish the Right of Representation in the Legislature, a Right inestimable to them, and formidable to Tyrants only.
He has called together Legislative Bodies at Places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the Depository of their public Records, for the sole Purpose of fatiguing them into Compliance with his Measures.
He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly Firmness his Invasions on the Rights of the People.
He has refused for a long Time, after such Dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative Powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the Dangers of Invasion from without, and Convulsions within.
He has endeavoured to prevent the Population of these States; for that Purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their Migrations hither, and raising the Conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.
He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary Powers.
He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the Tenure of their Offices, and the Amount and Payment of their Salaries.
He has erected a Multitude of new Offices, and sent hither Swarms of Officers to harass our People, and eat out their Substance.
He has kept among us, in Times of Peace, Standing Armies, without the Consent of our Legislatures.
He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil Power.
He has combined with others to subject us to a Jurisdiction foreign to our Constitution, and unacknowledged by our Laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:
For quartering large Bodies of Armed Troops among us:
For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from Punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States:
For cutting off our Trade with all Parts of the World:
For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:
For depriving us, in many Cases, of the Benefits of Trial by Jury:
For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended Offences:
For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an arbitrary Government, and enlarging its Boundaries, so as to render it at once an Example and fit Instrument for introducing the same absolute Rule into these Colonies:
For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments:
For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with Power to legislate for us in all Cases whatsoever.
He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us.
He has plundered our Seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our Towns, and destroyed the Lives of our People.
He is, at this Time, transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to compleat the Works of Death, Desolation, and Tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty and Perfidy, scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous Ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized Nation.
He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to become the Executioners of their Friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands.
He has excited domestic Insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the Inhabitants of our Frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages, whose known Rule of Warfare, is an undistinguished Destruction, of all Ages, Sexes and Conditions.
In every stage of these Oppressions we have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble Terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by repeated Injury. A Prince, whose Character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the Ruler of a free People.
Nor have we been wanting in Attentions to our British Brethren. We have warned them from Time to Time of Attempts by their Legislature to extend an unwarrantable Jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the Circumstances of our Emigration and Settlement here. We have appealed to their native Justice and Magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the Ties of our common Kindred to disavow these Usurpations, which would inevitably interrupt our Connections and Correspondence. They too have been deaf to the Voice of Justice and of Consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the Necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of Mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace, Friends.
We, therefore, the Representatives of the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the World for the Rectitude of our Intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly Publish and Declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be, Free and Independent States; that they are absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political Connection between them and the State of Great-Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do. And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm Reliance on the Protection of divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes, and our sacred Honor.
Signed by Order and in Behalf of the Congress,
JOHN HANCOCK, President.
Attest.
CHARLES THOMSON, Secretary.
Philadelphia: Printed by John Dunlap.
http://www.ls11.com/Article_Show.asp?ArticleID=8540
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.
我们认为下面这些真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等,造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。
That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,
为了保障这些权利，人类才在他们之间建立政府，而政府之正当权力，是经被治理者的同意而产生的。
That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.
当任何形式的政府对这些目标具破坏作用时，人民便有权力改变或废除它，以建立一个新的政府；其赖以奠基的原则，其组织权力的方式，务使人民认为唯有这样才最可能获得他们的安全和幸福。
Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes； and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed.
为了慎重起见，成立多年的政府，是不应当由于轻微和短暂的原因而予以变更的。过去的一切经验也都说明，任何苦难，只要是尚能忍受，人类都宁愿容忍，而无意为了本身的权益便废除他们久已习惯了的政府。
But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.
Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies； and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government.
但是，当追逐同一目标的一连串滥用职权和强取豪夺发生，证明政府企图把人民置于专.制统治之下时，那么人民就有权利，也有义务推.翻这个政府，并为他们未来的安全建立新的保障－－这就是这些殖民地过去逆来顺受的情况，也是它们现在不得不改变以前政府制度的原因。
绛旓細缇庡浗鍥藉鐢诲粖闄勫睘浜庡彶瀵嗘．灏煎崥鐗╅锛屼絾鏄嫭绔嬭繍浣溿傚浗浼氬浘涔﹂鍜屽浗瀹舵。妗堥涔熸槸閲嶈鐨勫崥鐗╅绫诲瀷鏈烘瀯銆傚浗瀹舵。妗堥钘忔湁缇庡浗鐙珛瀹ｈ█鍜岀編鍥藉娉鍘熶欢銆傚緢澶氬湪鐗瑰尯鐨勫崥鐗╅閮芥槸鍏嶈垂瀵瑰寮鏀俱傚叾涓殑鑸ぉ鍗氱墿棣嗘渶鍙楁杩庛7銆佸懆杈逛紒涓 鍦ㄥ崕鐩涢】杩欎竴缁忔祹澶у尯璁剧珛鎬婚儴鐨勮憲鍚嶅叕鍙告湁鎴垮埄缇庛佺浉鎬濅汉瀵夸繚闄╁叕鍙搞佺孩鏂戦┈骞挎挱銆...
绛旓細銆鐙珛瀹ｈ█銆嬶紙The Declaration of Independence锛夛紝鏄寳缇庢床鍗佷笁涓嫳灞炴畺姘戝湴瀹ｅ憡鑷ぇ涓嶅垪棰犵帇鍥界嫭绔嬶紝骞跺鏄庢涓炬褰撴т箣鏂囧憡銆1776骞7鏈4鏃ワ紝鏈瑷鐢辩浜屽眾澶ч檰浼氳锛圫econd Continental Congress锛変簬璐瑰煄鎵瑰噯锛岃繖涓澶╁悗鎴愪负缇庡浗鐙珛绾康鏃ャ傚瑷涔鍘熶欢鐢卞ぇ闄嗕細璁嚭甯唬琛ㄥ叡鍚岀缃诧紝骞舵案涔呭睍绀轰簬缇庡浗鍗庣洓椤...
绛旓細銆鐙珛瀹ｈ█銆嬬敱鍥涢儴鍒嗙粍鎴愶細绗竴閮ㄥ垎璁茶堪浜嗗瑷鐨勭洰鐨勩傜浜岄儴鍒嗘荤粨浜嗚祫浜ч樁绾ф渶婵杩涚殑鏀挎不鎬濇兂銆傜涓夐儴鍒嗚鏄庢畺姘戝湴浜烘皯鏄湪蹇嶆棤鍙繊鐨勬儏鍐典笅琚揩鎷胯捣姝﹀櫒鐨勶紝鐙珛鐨勫悎娉曟с傜鍥涢儴鍒嗭紝缇庡埄鍧氬簞涓ュ鍛婄嫭绔嬨傘婄嫭绔嬪瑷銆嬪苟闈1776骞7鏈4鏃ョ缃茬殑锛岃浼氫唬琛ㄤ滑澶у浜1776骞7鏈2鏃ョ缃叉湰瀹ｈ█銆傘婄嫭绔嬪瑷銆...
绛旓細銆缇庡浗鐙珛瀹ｈ█銆嬶紙The Declaration of Independence锛夛紝涓哄寳缇庢床鍗佷笁涓嫳灞炴畺姘戝湴瀹ｅ憡鑷ぇ涓嶅垪棰犵帇鍥界嫭绔嬶紝骞跺鏄庢涓炬褰撴т箣鏂囧憡銆1776骞7鏈4鏃ワ紝鏈瑷鐢辩浜屾澶ч檰浼氳(Second Continental Congress)浜庤垂鍩庢壒鍑嗭紝杩欎竴澶╁悗鎴愪负缇庡浗鐙珛绾康鏃ャ傚瑷涔鍘熶欢鐢卞ぇ闄嗕細璁嚭甯唬琛ㄥ叡鍚岀缃诧紝骞舵案涔呭睍绀轰簬缇庡浗...
绛旓細缇庡浗銆鐙珛瀹ｈ█銆嬶紙The Declaration of Independence锛夋槸鍖楃編娲插崄涓変釜鑻卞睘娈栨皯鍦板鍛婅劚绂诲ぇ涓嶅垪棰犵帇鍥斤紝骞跺鍛婄嫭绔嬬殑绾查鎬ф枃浠躲1776骞7鏈4鏃ワ紝姝ゅ瑷鐢辩浜屾澶ч檰浼氳鍦ㄨ垂鍩庢壒鍑嗐7鏈4鏃ヤ粠姝や互鍚庢垚涓缇庡浗鐙珛绾康鏃ャ傘婄嫭绔嬪瑷銆嬬殑鍘熶欢鐢卞ぇ闄嗕細璁嚭甯唬琛ㄥ叡鍚岀缃诧紝骞舵案涔呭睍绀轰簬缇庡浗鍗庣洓椤跨壒鍖虹編鍥藉浗瀹舵。妗堥...
绛旓細杩欏彞璧勪骇闃剁骇闈╁懡涓竴鍙ュ搷浜彛鍙蜂汉鎵鍏辩煡锛屽嚭鑷缇庡浗銆鐙珛瀹ｈ█銆(1776骞)涓紝鍏跺師鏂囨槸" all men are created equal"銆傚皢鍏剁炕璇戜负鈥滀汉浜虹敓鑰屽钩绛夆濆苟涓嶅交搴曞噯纭紝瀹冧竴涓鍔ㄥ彞锛岀洿璇戝彲涓衡滄墍鏈変汉閮芥槸琚钩绛夊湴鍒涢犲嚭鏉ョ殑鈥濓紝琚皝鍒涢犲嚭鏉ョ殑鍛紵鏄犵墿涓伙紝鍗充笂甯濄
绛旓細The original declaration was signed by representatives of the Continental Congress and is permanently displayed in the National Archives and Documents Office in Washington, D.C.1776骞7鏈4鏃ワ紝鏈瀹ｈ█鐢辩浜屾澶ч檰浼氳浜庤垂鍩庢壒鍑嗭紝杩欎竴澶╁悗鎴愪负缇庡浗鐙珛绾康鏃ャ傚瑷涔鍘熶欢鐢卞ぇ闄嗕細璁嚭甯唬琛ㄥ叡鍚岀缃...
绛旓細缇庡浗瀹硶浜1787骞9鏈17鏃ュ湪璐瑰煄鍙紑鐨勭編鍥藉埗瀹細璁笂鑾峰緱浠ｈ〃鐨勬壒鍑 1789骞达紝缇庡浗瀹硶姝ｅ紡鐢熸晥銆鐙珛瀹ｈ█鍖呭惈缇庡浗寤哄浗鐨勫熀鏈悊蹇碉紝鍏朵腑涓昏绮剧鍐欏叆缇庡浗瀹硶涓傜編鍥藉娉曞娉曠浜旂珷瑙勫畾浜嗕慨姝ｇ編鍥藉娉曠殑绋嬪簭銆傛埅鑷崇洰鍓嶄负姝紝缇庡浗瀹硶鍏遍氳繃浜27涓湁鏁堢殑淇妗堛傚叾涓紝鏈鍒濈殑10涓慨姝ｆ鏄竴娆℃ц閫氳繃鐨勶紝鍥犱负...
绛旓細鍠滄闆曞鐨勬湅鍙嬩滑鐭ラ亾涓栫晫涓婄殑鍗佸ぇ钁楀悕闆曞鍚э紝鍏跺疄鍦ㄦ垜浠殑鐢熸椿涓湁寰堝鐨勪汉鍠滄闆曞鐨勩備笅闈㈡槸鎴戞暣鐞嗙殑鍗佸ぇ钁楀悕闆曞銆備笘鐣屼笂鍗佸ぇ钁楀悕闆曞涓锛氱編鍥界航绾﹁嚜鐢卞コ绁炲儚 鍧愯惤鍦ㄦ浖鍝堥】鑷敱宀,杩欏骇闆曞儚鏄笓鐢ㄤ簬10鏈28鏃,1886骞寸編鍥芥硶鍥戒汉姘戣禒閫佺殑绀肩墿銆 杩欐槸缁欏簡绁100骞村懆骞寸殑绛剧讲缇庡浗鐙珛瀹ｈ█銆 鑷敱濂崇鍍忔槸鑷敱...
绛旓細缇庡浗鍘嗗彶涓婄殑閲嶈鏂囩尞鍖呮嫭鐙珛瀹ｈ█銆佺編鍥藉娉曞拰浜烘潈娉曟鐨鍘熶欢閮芥敹钘忎簬缇庡浗鍥藉妗ｆ棣嗭紝涓嶈繃骞朵笉鏄墍鏈 *** 妗ｆ閮借淇濆瓨:澶х害鍙湁鐧惧垎涔1鑷崇櫨鍒嗕箣3琚涓烘湁姘镐箙淇濆瓨浠峰硷紝澶氬勾绱Н涓嬫潵鐨勬。妗堜篃宸茬粡澶氳揪90浜夸欢浠ヤ笂浜嗐傜編鍥藉浗瀹舵。妗堥鏈夊悇绉嶅舰寮忕殑妗ｆ鏈夊奖鐗囥佸湴鍥俱佸奖鍍忥紝杩樻湁澶ч噺鐨勭焊寮犳。妗堛傛柊棣 闈...
