请问有哪位高手可以提供一篇关于日本动漫对青少年影响的英文文章！！谢谢 日本动漫对中国青少年的影响
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Children have been entertained by animated films and television shows for over 80 years. The first true animated
star was the 1920s icon, Felix the Cat.Within the next 10 years, characters developed by the Disney Brothers' Cartoon
Studios, such as Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, and Pluto had become international celebrities and their movies were
generating millions of dollars. In fact, Disney's first full feature length film, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, is still
one of the top ten grossing films of all time, when adjusted for inflation (Box Office Mojo.com, 2004). By the 1950s,
the violence-laden cartoon, Popeye the Sailor, was drawing a large television audience. Following the success of
Popeye, studios such as Hanna–Barbera began to produce The Flinstones and other made-for-TV animated series (see
Kirsh, 2006 for a more detailed review of the history of violence in the media). Currently, animated film classics and
new television series can be seen on cable/satellite channels, such as Boomerang, Cartoon Network, and The Disney
Channel. Moreover, feature films staring animated characters are still box office juggernauts. For instance, in 2004,
Shrek 2 generated nearly $900 billion in international box office receipts and billions more in home DVD sales (Box
Office Mojo.com, 2004).
2. Violent elements in cartoons
Violence in cartoons is an integral part of cartoon content. In fact, frequency of violence in cartoons is higher than
in live-action dramas or comedies (Potter & Warren, 1998). As a consequence, youth are more likely to view mediadepicted
violence during Saturday morning cartoons than during prime-time television hours (8:00–11:00 P.M.;
Gerbner, Gross, Morgan, & Signorelli, 1994). However, there are qualitative differences between the acts of violence
depicted during live-action dramas and those depicted in cartoons. Cartoon violence meant for a youthful audience (as
opposed to animated films for adults, such as Heavy Metal) tend to involve minor acts of violence: realistically
portrayed death is rarely shown and graphic acts of violence are seldom televised. Additionally, cartoons sanitize the
outcomes of violence, in that it is unusual to see the victims suffering in a life-like manner. In contrast, live-action
dramas airing during prime-time regularly involve major acts of violence (e.g., rape and murder), and the pain and
suffering of the victim is often highlighted (Potter & Warren, 1998).
Although many violent cartoons meant for youthful consumption contain comedic elements (e.g., Woody Woodpecker,
Scooby Doo), some of these cartoons just portray the violence. For instance, Samurai Jack, X-Men Evolution,
and Batman: The Animated Series depict animated violence, with little to no comedic elements. Moreover, for these
types of animated shows, violence is found at the beginning and end of disputes. Presence or absence of comedy
during violence is an important consideration when evaluating the effects of viewing cartoons on youth, for there is
both theory and research to support the contention that comedic elements may camouflage and trivialize depictions of
violence (King, 2000; Potter & Warren, 1998).
3. Comedy and the perception of cartoon violence
Few studies have assessed the impact of comedic elements on children's and adolescents' perception of
violence depicted in television shows and in films. Moreover, the studies that have been conducted have
produced contradictory findings. For instance, Snow (1974) had youth evaluate cartoons, live-action dramas,
and news footage of the Vietnam War for presence of violence. Violent elements in cartoons were consistently
overlooked, with only 27% of 4- to 8-year-olds and a mere 16% of 9- to 12-year-olds correctly identifying that
the cartoon (i.e., Roadrunner) they had just watched contained violence. In comparison, nearly 70% of youth in
Snow's sample classified the television Western Gunsmoke as containing violence. Regardless of age, all children
correctly identified news clips of the Vietnam War as containing violent imagery. In contrast, in an investigation
of 5th and 6th grade boys and girls Haynes (1978) found that cartoons with comedic elements were perceived as
548 S.J. Kirsh / Aggression and Violent Behavior 11 (2006) 547–557
Our teenagers have a more and more intimater relationship with cartoon, especially the Japanese cartoon. Cartoon makes this theme in order to find out how Japanese cartoon influence teenagers life and study. And we hope it can be a reference for guiding teenagers by the society.
Japanese cartoon industry occupies an important position in China. It beloved by numerous Chinese teenagers and has made a big influence on them .On the basis of this present conditions, we make this theme on purpose of making teenagers use Japanese cartoon for reference selectively.
First, through studying the general situation of computer and Japanese cartoon development and making investigation form and survey paper, we acquire the data and understanding teenagers’ psychology and attitude towards Japanese cartoon; Second, we arrange data, seek advice of teachers and experts, and analyze the typical examples; Third, we look up relevant books about social psychology and analyze teenagers’ psychology of Japanese cartoon; Finally, in terms of the investigation form, survey paper and relevant knowledge of social psychology, we have made a conclusion of what influence cartoon excercises or teenagers.
Our conclusion shows us as follows, Japanese cartoon has both positive and negative influence on teenagers. On one hand, Japanese cartoon benefit us to understand different cultures. It involoves many aspects like science, history, ect. It enlarge our knowledge through the way we enjoy, enrich our extra curricular life, and enliven our heavy burden of studying. On the other hand, however, some students addict in cartoon and waste lots of time on it. This makes them neglect their study.
Consequently, our research group considers that the optimum program is guidance. In this case, Chinese cartoon industry can develope healthly for a long time, and the teenagers can benefit from it.
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