初一英语语法 初一英语语法大全知识点
\u521d\u4e00\uff08\u4e0a\u3001\u4e0b\u5b66\u671f\uff09\u5168\u90e8\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd51. \u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a
\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7528\u4ee5\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4eba\u6216\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\u3001\u8868\u8bed\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9650\u5b9a\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u8bed\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5982\u957f\u77ed\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u989c\u8272\u3001\u9ad8\u77ee\u3001\u80d6\u7626\u3001\u65b0\u65e7\u7b49\uff0c\u3002
The little girl is very pretty. \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5973\u5b69\u5f88\u597d\u770b\u3002
--I want that one. \u6211\u60f3\u8981\u90a3\u4e2a\u3002
--Which one? \u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a?
--The new blue one. \u90a3\u4e2a\u84dd\u8272\u65b0\u7684\u3002
Can I have a look at the big nice one? \u6211\u80fd\u770b\u4e00\u770b\u90a3\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u5417?
2\u3001\u4eba\u79f0\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff1a
\u662f\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4eba\u7684\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u6709\u5355\u6570\u548c\u8d1f\u6570\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u6709\u4e3b\u683c\u548c\u5bbe\u683c\u4e4b\u5206\u3002\u4eba\u79f0\u4ee3\u8bcd\u7684\u4e3b\u683c\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed;\u4eba\u79f0\u4ee3\u8bcd\u7684\u5bbe\u683c\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u662f\u4f5c\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216\u4ecb\u8bcd\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u3002
\u4e3b\u683c\uff1aI, we, you, he, she, it, they\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed
\u5bbe\u683c\uff1ame, us, you, him, her, it, them\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed
He and I are in the same class. \u6211\u548c\u4ed6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u73ed\u7ea7\u3002
Can you see them in the street? \u4f60\u80fd\u770b\u89c1\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8857\u4e0a\u5417?
3\u3001\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd
\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u540d\u8bcd\u5206\u4e3a\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u51e1\u662f\u53ef\u6570\u8ba1\u6570\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u53eb\u505a\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd;\u51e1\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u6570\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u53eb\u505a\u4e0d\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u3002
(1)\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u5206\u4e3a\u5355\u6570\u548c\u590d\u6570\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8bcd\u3001\u6570\u8bcd\u6216some many\u7b49\u4fee\u9970\u3002\u5982\uff1aa man a desk an apple an orange some books some children tow pens
(2)\u4e0d\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u6ca1\u6709\u590d\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8bcd\u3001\u6570\u8bcd\u6216many\u7b49\u8bcd\u8bed\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528some a little much\u7b49\u8bcd\u8bed\u6765\u4fee\u9970\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cf\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u642d\u914d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cf\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u53ef\u6570\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u5355\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u590d\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\uff1asome water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink some glasses of water
4\u3001\u7948\u4f7f\u53e5
\u7948\u4f7f\u53e5\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u7b49\uff0c\u53e5\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7531\u8c13\u8bed\u6216\u8005\u8c13\u8bed+\u5bbe\u8bed(+\u5bbe\u8bed\u8865\u8db3\u8bed)\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\u5219\u5728\u53e5\u524d\u52a0Don\u2019t.
Stand up, please. \u8bf7\u8d77\u7acb\u3002
Don\u2019t worry. \u522b\u62c5\u5fc3\u3002
can\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a
can\u662f\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201c\u80fd\uff0c\u4f1a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u7b49\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u63a5\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3acannot\uff0c\u53ef\u7f29\u5199\u4e3acan\u2019t.
She can speak Japanese. \u5979\u4f1a\u8bb2\u65e5\u8bed\u3002
I can\u2019t remember his name. \u6211\u4e0d\u8bb0\u5f97\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e86\u3002
Can you spell your name? \u4f60\u4f1a\u62fc\u5199\u4f60\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5417?
5\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u6001\uff1a
\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5728(\u8bf4\u8bdd\u77ac\u95f4)\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6216\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6216\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002
\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u7531be\u52a8\u8bcd(am, is, are) + \u52a8\u8bcding\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dbe\u52a8\u8bcd\u8981\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8bed\u4fdd\u6301\u6027\u6570\u4e00\u81f4\u3002
Mary is flying a kite in the park. \u739b\u4e3d\u6b63\u5728\u516c\u56ed\u91cc\u653e\u98ce\u7b5d\u3002
--What are you doing now? \u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48?
--I\u2019m reading English. \u6211\u6b63\u5728\u8bfb\u82f1\u8bed\u3002
Are they drawing the pictures now? \u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u753b\u753b\u5417?
\u52a8\u8bcd\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u662f\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u53d8\u5316\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u52a8\u8bcding\u5f62\u5f0f\u53eb\u52a8\u8bcd\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u5176\u6784\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
1) \u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0ing
play\u2014playing, do\u2014doing, talk\u2014talking, sing--singing
2) \u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d1\u97f3\u7684\u5b57\u6bcde\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5148\u53bbe\uff0c\u518d\u52a0ing
make\u2014making, write\u2014writing, have\u2014having, take\u2014taking
3) \u4ee5\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e14\u8bcd\u5c3e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5e94\u53cc\u5199\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u518d\u52a0ing
run\u2014running, stop\u2014stopping, put\u2014putting, swim\u2014swimming
\u6ce8\u610f\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u6001\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u6001\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u770b\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u90fd\u6709\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5728(\u8bf4\u8bdd\u77ac\u95f4)\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6216\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u6001\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u662fnow;\u4f46\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u53e5\u5b50\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709now\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u793a\u8bed\u5982look\u3001listen\u7b49\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u3002
She is cleaning her room now. \u5979\u6b63\u5728\u6253\u626b\u623f\u95f4\u3002
Look! The girl is dancing over there. \u770b!\u90a3\u4e2a\u5973\u5b69\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u8df3\u821e\u3002
--Can you go and play games with me? \u4f60\u80fd\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u505a\u6e38\u620f\u5417?
--Can\u2019t you see I am doing my homework? \u4f60\u6ca1\u770b\u89c1\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5417?
6\u3001have/ has\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a
1) \u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcdhave\u8868\u793a\u201c\u6709\u201d\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1ahave\u548chas\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u7528\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0(I, we)\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u79f0(you)\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u590d\u6570(they)\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u7528\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570(he, she, it)\u6216\u5355\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u3002
I have an apple and he has two bananas. \u6211\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u82f9\u679c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u9999\u8549\u3002
You have a new English teacher. \u4f60\u4eec\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u8001\u5e08\u3002
It has two big eyes. \u5b83\u6709\u4e00\u53cc\u5927\u773c\u775b\u3002
Julie and Jack have a nice car. \u6731\u8389\u548c\u6770\u514b\u6709\u4e00\u8f86\u597d\u770b\u7684\u8f66\u3002
2) have/has\u53e5\u578b\u4e0ethere be\u53e5\u578b\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u8868\u793a\u201c\u6709\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u524d\u8005\u8868\u793a\u6240\u5c5e\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u8868\u793a\u201c\u67d0\u4eba\u6216\u67d0\u7269\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u8868\u793a\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201c\u67d0\u5730\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002
They have some new books. \u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u4e66\u3002
There are some new books on their desks. \u4ed6\u4eec\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u4e66\u3002
She has a lot of pretty skirts. \u5979\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u88d9\u5b50\u3002
There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop. \u5546\u5e97\u91cc\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u88d9\u5b50\u3002
3) have/ has\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u52a0\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcddo/ does\uff0c\u518d\u52a0not\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u5373do not have (don\u2019t have)/ does not have (doesn\u2019t have)
. She does not have a sister. \u5979\u6ca1\u6709\u59d0\u59d0\u3002
We don\u2019t have any classes on Saturday. \u6211\u4eec\u661f\u671f\u516d\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfe\u3002
Ann and I don\u2019t have a big room. \u6211\u548c\u5b89\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u623f\u95f4\u3002
4) \u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u7531\u201c\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcdDo/ Does + \u4e3b\u8bed + have + \u5bbe\u8bed\u201d\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u7528Yes, \u2026 do/ does.\u6216\u8005No, \u2026 don\u2019t/ doesn\u2019t.
--Do you have a big house? \u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u5927\u5417?
--No, they don\u2019t. \u4e0d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u4e0d\u5927\u3002
--Does he have an eraser? \u4ed6\u6709\u6a61\u76ae\u5417?
--Yes, he does. \u4ed6\u6709\u7684\u3002
5) \u7279\u6b8a\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u7531\u7279\u6b8a\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd + \u52a9\u52a8\u8bcddo/ does + have (+\u72b6\u8bed)\u6784\u6210\u3002
What do they have? \u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48?
What does he have? \u4ed6\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48?
How many telephones do they have? \u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u51e0\u90e8\u7535\u8bdd?
7\u3001\u4ecb\u8bcd\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a
1) \u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u524d\u4ecb\u8bcd\u7528at\u3002
. He gets up at half past seven every day. \u4ed6\u6bcf\u5929\u4e03\u70b9\u534a\u8d77\u5e8a\u3002
She goes to bed at eleven o\u2019clock. \u5979\u5341\u4e00\u70b9\u7761\u89c9\u3002
2) \u8868\u793a\u201c\u5728\u65e9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u4e0b\u5348\uff0c\u5728\u665a\u4e0a\u201d\u7684\u77ed\u8bed\u4e2d\u7528\u4ecb\u8bcdin\uff0c\u4e14\u5b9a\u51a0\u8bcdthe\u4e0d\u80fd\u7701\u7565;\u8868\u793a\u201c\u5728\u4e2d\u5348\uff0c\u5728\u591c\u91cc\u201d\u7684\u77ed\u8bed\u4e2d\u4ecb\u8bcd\u7528at\uff0c\u4e0d\u52a0\u51a0\u8bcd\u3002
in the morning\u5728\u65e9\u4e0a\uff0cin the afternoon \u5728\u4e0b\u5348\uff0cin the evening \u5728\u665a\u4e0a
at noon\u5728\u4e2d\u5348\uff0cat night\u5728\u591c\u91cc
3) \u8868\u793a\u201c\u5728\u67d0\u5929\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5728\u67d0\u5929\u7684\u4e0a\u5348\u3001\u4e0b\u5348\u7b49\u201d\u7684\u77ed\u8bed\u7528\u4ecb\u8bcdon\u3002
What do you usually do on Monday morning? \u661f\u671f\u4e00\u4e0a\u5348\u4f60\u901a\u5e38\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48?
Do you sometimes go out to eat on Friday evening? \u6709\u65f6\u4f60\u661f\u671f\u4e94\u665a\u4e0a\u51fa\u53bb\u5403\u996d\u5417?
He watches DVDs on Saturday night. \u661f\u671f\u516d\u665a\u4e0a\u4ed6\u770bDVD\u3002
Parents take children to parks on June 1. \u516d\u6708\u4e00\u65e5\uff0c\u5bb6\u957f\u4eec\u5e26\u7740\u5b69\u5b50\u53bb\u516c\u56ed\u3002
4) \u5728this, last, next, every\u7b49\u8bcd\u524d\u9762\u65e2\u4e0d\u52a0\u4ecb\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u51a0\u8bcd\u3002
What are you doing this afternoon? \u4eca\u5929\u4e0b\u5348\u4f60\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48?
He visits his grandma every Friday. \u4ed6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u4e94\u90fd\u53bb\u770b\u671b\u7956\u6bcd\u3002
She is going to Shanghai next Monday. \u5979\u4e0b\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u4e00\u53bb\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002
8\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6
\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u7ecf\u5e38\u6027\u6216\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u6216\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u3002
\u5176\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62(\u53ea\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u65f6\u9664\u5916\uff0c\u8981\u52a0-s)\u5176\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u548c\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\u9700\u8981\u7528\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcddo\u6216does
1) \u80af\u5b9a\u53e5\u7528\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u8868\u793a
They get up very early every morning. \u4ed6\u4eec\u6bcf\u5929\u65e9\u6668\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u65e9\u3002
I visit my grandparents four times a month. \u6211\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u53bb\u770b\u671b\u7956\u7236\u6bcd\u56db\u6b21\u3002
2) \u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\u7528don\u2019t + \u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u6765\u8868\u793a
We do not go shopping on Sundays. \u6211\u4eec\u5468\u65e5\u4e0d\u53bb\u8d2d\u7269\u3002
I don\u2019t think you like this colour. \u6211\u60f3\u4f60\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u4e2a\u989c\u8272\u3002
3) \u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u5219\u662f\u628a\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcddo\u63d0\u524d\u81f3\u53e5\u9996\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u539f\u5f62\u3002\u56de\u7b54\u65f6\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u7528 \u201cYes, \u4e3b\u8bed+do\u201d;\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\u7528 \u201cNo, \u4e3b\u8bed+don\u2019t\u201d\u3002
\u2013Do they go to school at seven o\u2019clock? \u4ed6\u4eec\u4e03\u70b9\u53bb\u4e0a\u5b66\u5417?
--Yes, they do.
--Do you like this skirt? \u4f60\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u6761\u88d9\u5b50\u5417?
--No, I don\u2019t. \u4e0d\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u3002
\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7ecf\u5e38\u7684\u6216\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e38\u4e0e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7528\uff1aoften \u7ecf\u5e38\uff0calways \u603b\u662f\uff0csometimes \u6709\u65f6\uff0cusually \u901a\u5e38\uff0cevery day/ week \u6bcf\u5929/ \u5468\u7b49\u3002
He usually goes to school by bike. \u901a\u5e38\u4ed6\u9a91\u8f66\u4e0a\u5b66\u3002
I visit my grandparents every week. \u6211\u6bcf\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u90fd\u53bb\u770b\u7956\u7236\u6bcd\u3002
She is always late for class. \u5979\u603b\u662f\u4e0a\u8bfe\u8fdf\u5230\u3002
My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. \u6211\u548c\u7236\u6bcd\u6709\u65f6\u51fa\u53bb\u5403\u996d\u3002
It often rains here. \u8fd9\u513f\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0b\u96e8\u3002
\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6
\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u6001\uff0c\u5f53\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e5f\u8981\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\uff0c\u540e\u8981\u52a0-s\u6216-es\u3002
He likes reading at night. \u4ed6\u559c\u6b22\u591c\u91cc\u8bfb\u4e66\u3002
She usually goes to school by bike. \u5979\u5e73\u65f6\u9a91\u8f66\u4e0a\u5b66\u3002
The little cat drinks milk every day. \u5c0f\u732b\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u559d\u725b\u5976\u3002
\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\u8981\u52a0doesn\u2019t\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u539f\u5f62\u3002
Kelly doesn\u2019t get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. \u51ef\u4e3d\u661f\u671f\u516d\u661f\u671f\u5929\u8d77\u5e8a\u4e0d\u65e9\u3002
He doesn\u2019t feel well today. \u4ed6\u4eca\u5929\u611f\u89c9\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\u3002
\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff0c\u53e5\u9996\u7528Does\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u539f\u5f62\u3002
Does he have lunch at school? \u4ed6\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u5403\u5348\u996d\u5417?
Does it take long by train? \u4e58\u706b\u8f66\u8981\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5417?
\u521d\u4e00\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u662f\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e5\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u51fa\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5e38\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u7ec6\u5c0f\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u638c\u63e1\u4e0d\u719f\u7ec3\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bed\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u521d\u4e00\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u8ba4\u771f\u3001\u7ec6\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u89c9\u5f97\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u800c\u5f97\u8fc7\u4e14\u8fc7\u3002
\u4e0b\u9762\u4ece\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e86\u521d\u4e00\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u590d\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u6cd5\u7684\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c
\u4e00\u3001\u521d\u4e00\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u8bcd\u6cd5
1\u3001\u540d\u8bcd
A\uff09\u3001\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u6570
\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u540d\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u590d\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u6570\u540d\u8bcd\u5374\u6709\u5355\u6570\u548c\u590d\u6570\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u590d\u6570\u7684\u6784\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u4e00\uff09\u5728\u540e\u9762\u52a0s\u3002\u5982\uff1afathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
\u4e8c\uff09x, sh, ch, s, tch\u540e\u52a0es\u3002\u5982\uff1aboxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
\u4e09\uff091\uff09\u4ee5\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u52a0y\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u53d8y\u4e3ai\u518d\u52a0es \u5982\uff1ababy-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2\uff09\u4ee5\u5143\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u52a0y\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0s\u3002\u5982\uff1aday-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
\u56db\uff09\u4ee5o\u7ed3\u5c3e\u52a0s\uff08\u5916\u6765\u8bcd\uff09\u3002\u5982\uff1aradios, photos, \u4f46\u5982\u662f\u8f85\u97f3\u52a0o\u7684\u52a0es\uff1a\u5982: tomatoes\u897f\u7ea2\u67ff, potatoes\u9a6c\u94c3\u85af
\u4e94\uff09\u4ee5f\u6216fe\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u53d8f\u4e3av\u518d\u52a0es(s)\u3002\u5982\uff1aknife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
\u516d\uff09\u5355\u590d\u6570\u76f8\u540c\uff08\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\uff09\u6709\uff1afish, sheep, deer\u9e7f\u5b50, Chinese, Japanese
\u4e03\uff09\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u6709\u590d\u6570\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5355\u6570\u7684\u6709\uff1apeople,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
\u516b\uff09\u5355\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5355\u6570\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u590d\u6570\u7684\u6709\uff1apolice\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf, class\u73ed\uff0c\u540c\u5b66, family\u5bb6\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458
\u4e5d\uff09\u5408\u6210\u7684\u590d\u6570\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u52a0\u4e3b\u8981\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u4e3a\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\u5982\uff1aaction movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; \u4f46\u5982\u679c\u662f\u7531man\u6216woman\u6240\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5408\u6210\u8bcd\u7684\u590d\u6570\u5219\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u590d\u6570\u3002\u5982\uff1aman doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
\u5341\uff09\u6709\u7684\u5355\u590d\u6570\u610f\u601d\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5982\uff1afish\u9c7c fishes\u9c7c\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b, paper\u7eb8 papers\u62a5\u7eb8\uff0c\u5377\u5b50\uff0c\u8bba\u6587, work\u5de5\u4f5c works\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5de5\u5382, glass\u73bb\u7483 glasses\u73bb\u7483\u676f\uff0c\u773c\u955c, orange\u6854\u5b50\u6c34 oranges\u6a59\u5b50, light\u5149\u7ebf lights\u706f, people\u4eba peoples\u6c11\u65cf, time\u65f6\u95f4 times\u65f6\u4ee3, \u6b21\u6570, chicken \u9e21\u8089 chickens \u5c0f\u9e21
\u5341\u4e00\uff09 \u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u590d\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0s\u6216\u2019s\u3002\u5982\uff1aIs (I\u2019s), Ks (K\u2019s)\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u662f\u7f29\u7565\u8bcd\u5219\u53ea\u52a0s\u3002\u5982\uff1aIDs, VCDs, SARs
\u5341\u4e8c\uff09 \u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6709\uff1achild-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B\uff09\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u683c
\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8868\u793a\u67d0\u4eba\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u6216\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u6709\u683c\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u6784\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u4e00\uff09\u5355\u6570\u5728\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u2019s\u3002\u5982\uff1abrother\u2019s, Mike\u2019s, teacher\u2019s
\u4e8c\uff09\u590d\u6570\u4ee5s\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5728s\u540e\u52a0\u2019\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5s\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u4e0e\u5355\u6570\u4e00\u6837\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5982\uff1aTeachers\u2019 Day\u6559\u5e08\u8282, classmates\u2019; Children\u2019s Day\u516d\u4e00\u8282, Women\u2019s Day\u4e09\u516b\u8282
\u4e09\uff09\u7531and\u5e76\u5217\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u6240\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5171\u540c\u6240\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u4eba\u6216\u7269\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u52a0\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u2019s\uff0c\u4f46\u5206\u522b\u62e5\u6709\u65f6\u5374\u5206\u522b\u6309\u5355\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5982\uff1aMike and Ben\u2019s room\u8fc8\u514b\u548c\u672c\u7684\u623f\u95f4\uff08\u5171\u4f4f\u4e00\u95f4\uff09\uff0cMike\u2019s and Ben\u2019s rooms\u8fc8\u514b\u548c\u672c\u7684\u623f\u95f4\uff08\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u623f\u95f4\uff09
2\u3001\u4ee3\u8bcd
\u9879\u76ee \u4eba\u79f0\u4ee3\u8bcd \u7269\u4e3b\u4ee3\u8bcd \u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u8bcd \u53cd\u8eab\u4ee3\u8bcd
\u4eba\u79f0 \u4e3b\u683c \u5bbe\u683c \u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd \u540d\u8bcd\u6027
\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0 \u5355\u6570 I me my mine myself
\u590d\u6570 we us our ours ourselves
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u79f0 \u5355\u6570 you you your yours yourself
\u590d\u6570 you you your yours yourselves
\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0 \u5355\u6570 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
\u590d\u6570 they them their theirs these those themselves
3\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd
A\uff09 \u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570
\u5f53\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u5e94\u8be5\u50cf\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u5355\u6570\u53d8\u52a8\u8bcd\u90a3\u6837\u52a0s\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u4e00\uff09\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0s\u3002\u5982\uff1acomes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
\u4e8c\uff09\u5728x, sh, ch, s, tch\u540e\u52a0es\u3002\u5982\uff1awatches, washes, wishes, finishes
\u4e09\uff091\uff09\u4ee5\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u52a0y\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u53d8y\u4e3ai\u518d\u52a0es\u3002\u5982\uff1astudy-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2\uff09\u4ee5\u5143\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u52a0y\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0s\u3002\u5982\uff1aplays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
\u56db\uff09\u4ee5o\u7ed3\u5c3e\u52a0es\u3002\u5982\uff1adoes, goes
\u4e94\uff09\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6709\uff1aare-is, have-has
B\uff09 \u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd
\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u67d0\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u65f6\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u539f\u5f62\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u4e00\uff09\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u540e\u52a0ing\u3002\u5982\uff1aspell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
\u4e8c\uff09\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d1\u97f3e\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u53bb\u6389e\u518d\u52a0ing\u3002\u5982\uff1adance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
\u4e09\uff09\u4ee5\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7ed3\u5c3e\u4e14\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u9664\u5f00\u5b57\u6bcd\u7ec4\u5408\u5982show \u2013showing, draw-drawing\uff09\u8981\u53cc\u5199\u6700\u540e\u7684\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\u518d\u52a0ing\u3002\u5982\uff1aput-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
\u56db\uff09\u4ee5ie\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u53d8ie\u4e3ay\u518d\u52a0ing\u3002\u5982\uff1atie-tying\u7cfb die-dying\u6b7b lie-lying \u4f4d\u4e8e
4\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7684\u7ea7
\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u6216\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u6216\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u6784\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\u4e00\uff09 \u4e00\u822c\u5728\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0er\u6216est(\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4ee5e\u7ed3\u5c3e\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0r\u6216st)\u3002\u5982\uff1agreater-greatest, shorter \u2013shortest, taller \u2013tallest, longer \u2013longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
\u4e8c\uff09\u4ee5\u91cd\u8bfb\u95ed\u97f3\u8282\u7ed3\u5c3e\u4e141\u4e2a\u5143\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0b1\u4e2a\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd(\u5b57\u6bcd\u7ec4\u5408\u9664\u5916\uff0c\u5982few-fewer fewest)\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u53cc\u5199\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u8f85\u97f3\u518d\u52a0er /est\u3002\u5982\uff1abig-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
\u4e09\uff09 \u4ee5\u8f85\u97f3\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0by\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u53d8y\u4e3ai\u52a0er/est\u3002\u5982\uff1ahappy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
\u56db\uff09\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a(\u4e24\u597d\u591a\u574f\uff0c\u4e00\u5c11\u8001\u8fdc)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill \u2013 worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
5\u3001\u6570\u8bcd (\u57fa\u53d8\u5e8f\uff0c\u6709\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u80cc\uff1b\u4e94\u3001\u516b\u3001\u4e5d\u3001\u5341\u4e8c\uff1b\u5176\u5b83\u540e\u63a5th\uff1by\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u53d8\u4e3ai, eth\u8ddf\u4e0a\u53bb\u3002) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
\u4e8c\u3001\u521d\u4e00\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u53e5\u5f0f
1.\u9648\u8ff0\u53e5
\u80af\u5b9a\u9648\u8ff0\u53e5 a) This is a book. (be\u52a8\u8bcd)
b) He looks very young. (\u8fde\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd)
c) I want a sweat like this. (\u5b9e\u4e49\u52a8\u8bcd)
d) I can bring some things to school. (\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd)
e) There\u2019s a computer on my desk. (There be\u7ed3\u6784)
\u5426\u5b9a\u9648\u8ff0\u53e5 a) These aren\u2019t their books. b) They don\u2019t look nice.
c) Kate doesn\u2019t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can\u2019t find her doll.
e) There isn\u2019t a cat here. (=There\u2019s no cat here.)
2. \u7948\u4f7f\u53e5
\u80af\u5b9a\u7948\u4f7f\u53e5 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let\u2019s learn English!
c) Come in, please.
\u5426\u5b9a\u7948\u4f7f\u53e5a) Don\u2019t be late. b) Don\u2019t hurry.
3. \u7591\u95ee\u53e5
1) \u4e00\u822c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?
d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?
\u80af\u5b9a\u56de\u7b54: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.
\u5426\u5b9a\u56de\u7b54: a) No, he isn\u2019t. b) No, you can\u2019t. c) No, she doesn\u2019t. d) No, they don\u2019t. e) No, she isn\u2019t.
2) \u9009\u62e9\u7591\u95ee\u53e5 Is the table big or small? \u56de\u7b54 It\u2019s big./ It\u2019s small.
3) \u7279\u6b8a\u7591\u95ee\u53e5
\u2460 \u95ee\u5e74\u9f84 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.
\u2461 \u95ee\u79cd\u7c7b What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
\u2462 \u95ee\u8eab\u4f53\u72b6\u51b5 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.
\u2463 \u95ee\u65b9\u5f0f How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.
How do we contact you? My e-mail address is [email protected].
\u2464 \u95ee\u539f\u56e0 Why do you want to join the club?
\u2465 \u95ee\u65f6\u95f4 What\u2019s the time? (=What time is it?) It\u2019s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o\u2019clock.
When do you want to go? Let\u2019s go at 7:00.
\u2466 \u95ee\u5730\u65b9 Where\u2019s my backpack? It\u2019s under the table.
\u2467 \u95ee\u989c\u8272 What color are they? They are light blue.
What\u2019s your favourite color? It\u2019s black.
\u2468 \u95ee\u4eba\u7269 Who\u2019s that? It\u2019s my sister.
Who is the boy in blue? My brother.
Who isn\u2019t at school? Peter and Emma.
Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
\u2469 \u95ee\u4e1c\u897f What\u2019s this/that (in English)? It\u2019s a pencil case.
What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.
11\u95ee\u59d3\u540d What\u2019s your aunt\u2019s name? Her name is Helen./She\u2019s Helen.
What\u2019s your first name? My first name\u2019s Ben.
What\u2019s your family name? My family name\u2019s Smith.
12 \u95ee\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a Which do you like? I like one in the box.
13 \u95ee\u5b57\u6bcd What letter is it? It\u2019s big D/small f.
14 \u95ee\u4ef7\u683c How much are these pants? They\u2019re 15 dollars.
15 \u95ee\u7535\u8bdd\u53f7\u7801 What\u2019s your phone number? It\u2019s 576-8349.
16 \u95ee\u8c13\u8bed(\u52a8\u4f5c) What\u2019s he doing? He\u2019s watching TV.
17 \u95ee\u804c\u4e1a(\u8eab\u4efd) What do you do? I\u2019m a teacher.
What\u2019s your father? He\u2019s a doctor.
\u4e09\u3001\u521d\u4e00\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u65f6\u6001
1\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6 \u8868\u793a\u666e\u904d\u3001\u7ecf\u5e38\u6027\u7684\u6216\u957f\u671f\u6027\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\uff1a
Be \u52a8\u8bcd\uff1aShe\u2019s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn\u2019t a worker.
\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1aI can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can\u2019t play the piano.
\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1aThey want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don\u2019t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn\u2019t have a watch.
2\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6 \u8868\u793a\u52a8\u8bcd\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u6216\u8fdb\u884c\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u6001\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3asb be v-ing sth + \u5176\u5b83.
I\u2019m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I\u2019m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn\u2019t writing a letter.
They\u2019re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren\u2019t listening to the pop music.
一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
名词复数的规则变化
___________________________________________________
情况 构成方法 读音 例词
__________________________________________________
一般情况 加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/; map-maps
2.浊辅音和元音后 bag-bags
读 /z/; car-cars
___________________________________________________
以s,sh,ch,
x等结尾的词 加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses
watch-watches
___________________________________________________
以ce,se,ze,
(d)ge等结尾
的词 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses
___________________________________________________
以辅音字母+y 变y 为i
结尾的词 再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies
___________________________________________________
人称代词的用法
1）人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语，例如：
John waited a while but eventually he went home.
约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。
John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.
约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽，还真是她。
说明：在复合句中，如果主句和从句主语相同，代词主语要用在从句中，名词主语用在主句中，例如：
When he arrived, John went straight to the bank.
约翰一到就直接去银行了。
2）人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，但在口语中也能作主语补语，第一人称在省略句中，还可以作主语，例如：
I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.
我看到她和他们在一起，至少我认为是她。（her做宾 语，them做介词宾语，her做主语补语）
a. -- Who broke the vase? --谁打碎了花瓶？
b. -- Me. --我。（me做主语补语= It's me.）
说明：在上面两例句中，her和me分别作主语补语。现代英语中多用宾格，在正式文体中这里应为she和I。
名词的格
在英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher's book。名词所有格的规则如下：
1） 单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加"'s"，如the boy's bag 男孩的书包，men's room 男厕所。
2） 若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加"'"，如：the workers' struggle 工人的斗争。
3） 凡不能加"'s"的名词，都可以用"名词+of +名词"的结构来表示所有关系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字。
4） 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：the barber's 理发店。
5） 如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示"分别有"；只有一个's，则表示'共有'。
如：John's and Mary's room（两间） John and Mary's room（一间）
6） 复合名词或短语，'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。
如：a month or two's absence
回答者：snybyh|二级|2009-12-25 20:35
一．动词be（is,am,are）的用法
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。
二．this，that和it用法
(1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。
(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如：
This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处)
That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)
(3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。如：
This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。
(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…, 不说That is…。如：
This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。
(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如：
This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。
(6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如：
—Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗？
—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的，我是，你是谁？
注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am…, Are you…？/Who are you?
(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如：
①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？
—Yes, it is. 是的，它是。
②—What’s that? 那是什么？
—It’s a kite. 是只风筝。
三．these和those用法
this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。
①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。
③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？
在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如：
④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗？
Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。
四．不定冠词a和an
a和an都是不定冠词，表示一(个，支，本，块……)的意思，但不强调数量概念，而是强调类别，用来限定名词。a用在辅音素开头的单数名词前，如：a pencil(一支铅笔)，a book(一本书)；an用在元音音素开头的名词前，如an eraser(一块橡皮)。如果名词前有修饰语，用a还是用an，则以该修饰语的第一音素决定用a还是用an。如：
a clock 一座钟 an old clock 一座旧钟 a book 一本书 an English book 一本英语书
a nice apple 一个可爱的苹果 an apple 一个苹果
五．名词＋’s所有格
名词＋’s所有格 单数名词后直接加 “ ’s ”
Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈
以s结尾的复数名词，只加“’”
Teachers’ Day教师节 the twins’ books双胞胎的书
不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数，加“ ’s ”
Children’s Day 儿童节 men’s shoes男式鞋
表示两者共同拥有时，只在最后一个名词后加’s
表示两者各自拥有时，要在每个名词后加’s
Lucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈，一个妈妈)
Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凯特的房间（各自的房间，两间房子）
六．There be句型
(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处（某时）有某人（某物）。”其基本结构为“There be＋某物（某人）＋某地（某时）”其中there是引导词，没有词义；主语是be后面的名词， be是谓语动词，在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构：
There be放句首，主语跟在后。地、时放句末，强调置前头。如：
There is a book on the desk.
有时为了强调地点，也可把介词短语放在句首。如：
On the desk there is a book.
(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢？请先看看下面这首歌诀：
Be动词，有三个，am，is还有are。“There be”真特别，不留am只留俩，那就是is还有are。要用is还是are，须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is，否则就用are。如：
①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water（水）in the bottle（瓶子）.
③There are some pears in the box.
(3)注意：如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词，那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is，是复数就用are。如：
①There is a book and some pens on the floor.
②There are some pens and a book on the floor.
七．like一词的用法
like用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”。
(1)后接名词或代词，表示喜欢某人或某物。如：
I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。
(2)后接动名词(v. -ing)，表示“喜欢做某事”，着重于习惯、爱好。如：
Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。
(3)后接动词不定式(to do )，表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”，着重于某次具体的行为。如：
I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书，但我今晚想看电视。
八．一般现在时
一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作，或表示现在的特征、状态。当主语是非第三人称单数时，行为动词的一般现在时变化形式(见下表)。如：
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语＋行为动词原形＋其他 We speak Chinese.
否定句 主语＋don’t＋行为动词原形＋其他 We don’t speak Chinese.
一般疑问句 Do＋主语＋行为动词原形＋其他？ Do you speak Chinese?
肯定回答
否定回答 Yes，主语＋do
No，主语＋don’t Yes, we do.
No, we don’t.
当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词一般现在时的句型变化如下：
(1)肯定句在行为动词原形后＋s/es(其构成方法与名词单数变复数相同)。
(2)否定句用助动词doesn’t＋动词原形。
(3)一般疑问句则是把助动词does放在句首，后面动词用原形，回答时，肯定用“Yes，主语＋does.”；否定用“No，主语＋doesn’t.”。
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语＋行为动词s/es＋其他 She speaks Chinese.
否定句 主语＋doesn’t＋行为动词原形＋其他 She doesn’t speak Chinese.
一般疑问句 Does＋主语＋行为动词原形＋其他？ Does she speak Chinese?
肯定回答
否定回答 Yes，主语＋does
No，主语＋doesn’t Yes, she does.
No, she doesn’t.
九．句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素
(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you，she,he,it→ they。如：
She is a girl. →They are girls.
(2)am，is要变为are。如：
I’m a student. →We are students.
(3)不定冠词a，an要去掉。如：
He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：
It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代词this，that要变为these，those。如：
This is a box. →These are boxes.
十．英语日期的表示法
英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词，它们的首字母必须大写，并且前面无需用冠词。
用英语表示日期，其顺序为月+日+年，日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如：August 2nd，2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如：10th May，2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用：若指在哪一年或哪一月，则用介词in，若具体到某一天，则需用介词on。
①She was born in 1989
②She was born in August.
③She was born in August 1989.
④She was born on 2nd August, 1989.
十一.名词复数：
在英语里面，名词分可数名词（countable noun）和不可数名词（uncountable noun），不可数名词没有单复数之分，用时只当单数词用；可数名词有单复数之分，一个的前面要用a或an，eg: a pencil, a basketball, a dictionary, an egg, an ID card，而复数即两个或两个以上的要作相应的变化，情况如下：
(1) 特殊词，特殊变化，需单独记：
child→children，man→men，foot→feet，woman→women
tooth→teeth，sheep→sheep，deer→deer
(2)一般的词在单数词后直接+“s”:
book→books，pen→pens，car→cars，map→maps，cartoon→cartoons
(3)以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词+“es”
box→boxes，watch→watches
(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词去掉“y”，改成“i”，再加“es”
family→families，comedy→comedies
(5)以f或fe结尾的词，先去掉f或fe，改成“v”再加es
knife→knives，wife→wives，handkerchief→handkerchieves
十二.时间的表达法
(1) 直读式，即直接读出时间数字
7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen
(2) 过、差式，即几点差几分，几点过几分。（以30分为分界线）
1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two
3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five
(3)12小时制
6:00 a.m. 上午6点 8:20 p.m. 下午8点20分
(4)24小时制
13:00 13点钟 22:15 22点15分
(5)15分可用quarter
4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six
(6)时间前通常用at.
at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.
十三.关于时间的问法
(1)以when提问,“什么时候”可以是较长的时间段，也可以是较短的时间点
①When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？
②My birthday is Dec. 29th. 我的生日是12月29日。
这里就是指一天的时间段
①When do you go home? 你几点回家？
②I go home at 4:30 p.m. 我下午4：30回家.
这里when问的是具体的时间。
(2)具体几点我们通常用what time提问
①What time is it now? 现在几点了？ or What’s the time? 几点了？
It’s 9:26. 现在九点二十六。
②What time is it by your watch? 你手表几点了？
It’s 8:36. Oh, It’s 50 minutes late 8:36，哦，它慢了50分钟。
③What time do you get up? 你几点起床？
I get up at 6:00 a.m. 我早上6点起床。
十四. want用法
(1)想干什么用want to do sth
They want to join the sports club. 他们想加入运动俱乐部。
(2)第三人称单数作主语，want要作变化
①He wants to play basketball.
②Li Xia wants to play the piano.
(3)变疑问句，否定句要借助助动词do或does.
①－Do you want to play soccer ball ? －Yes , I do . / No , I don’t.
②－Does he want to go home by bus ? －Yes , he does . / No , he doesn’t
. 人称代词
主格： I we you she he it they
宾格： me us you her him it them
形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their
名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs
2.形容词和副词的比较级
(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音节词前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y变i，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不规则变化：
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
3.可数词的复数形式
Most nouns + s a book –books
Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories
Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)
bread, rice, water ,juice etc.
5. 缩略形式
I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is
it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not etc
6. a/an
a book, a peach
an egg an hour
7. Preposition:
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.
表示时间： at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast
on Monday on 15th July On National Day
in the evening in December in winter
8. 基数词和序数词
one – first two-second twenty-twentieth
9. Some /any
I have some toys in my bedroom.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
10. be 动词
(1) Basic form: am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
（3）一般疑问句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
11. there be 结构
肯定句： There is a …
There are …
一般疑问句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
否定句： There isn’t …. There aren’t….
12. 祈使句
Sit down please
Don’t sit down, please.
13. 现在进行时.通常用“now”.
形式： be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
动词 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
14 一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。
形式：
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
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