什么是宾语从句，宾语从句咋么变（要写的明白一些） 什么是宾语从句
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1\u3001\u4e3b\u53e5\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aThe headmaster hopes everything goes well.
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3\u3001\u5f53\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u89c2\u771f\u7406\u6216\u8005\u4e8b\u5b9e\u771f\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e3b\u53e5\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u4e5f\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1aThe teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
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1\u3001I don\u2019t know what they are looking for.
2\u3001Could you tell me when the train will leave?
3\u3001Can you imagine what kind of man he is?
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引导词
1．从句为陈述句，常选择引导词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。 2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择引导词if或whether。在 whether … or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。 3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作引导词。 注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他
一、宾语从句用法
时态：
1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。可归纳为“主现从不限”
2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。可归纳为“主过从四过”
3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。
4.情态动词could/would用于，“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句不受主句的约束。
(一)、宾语从句的连接词
从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,
if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.
He told me (that ）he would go to college the next year
他告诉我他明年上大学.
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否还会有公交车.
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
没有人知道他是否会通过考试.
（二）连接代词
连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.
连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏么？
The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.
Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?
你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
（三）连接副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?
你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
二、动词的宾语从句
大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect （that ）they will win , for members of their team are stronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
He told us （that） they would help us through the whole work.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的.
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
I have found out （that） all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
Can you work out （that）how much we will spend during the trip?
你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有:
make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
当你在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.
我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
我每天写日记成了习惯.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it
这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food.
我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
He will have it that our plan is really practical.
他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
We take it that you will agree with us.
我们认为你会同意我们的.
When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.
开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.
我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的.
三、介词的宾语从句 ：
用wh-类的介词宾语从句：
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
四、形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我确信我会通过考试.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别
① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if
② 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.
③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
④ 在不定式前只能用whether.
（如：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。）
⑤ 避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.
六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that
当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;
当宾语从句较长时;
当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;
当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;
当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;
当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;
当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;
当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;
当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;
当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;
在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
七、宾语从句的否定转移
宾语从句的反意疑问句主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?
我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
八、宾语从句的时态和语序
当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读<<老人与海>>.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
④如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
老师昨天说月亮围着地球转.
⑤当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首
Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.
是复数的后+个s再加个一撇 若分别是复数分别加撇s
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绛旓細(1)闄堣堪鍙ュ彉涓轰互that寮曞鐨瀹捐浠庡彞锛濡傦細He said,鈥淚'm happy.鈥漑FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.(2)涓鑸枒闂彞鍙樹负if(whether)寮曞鐨勫璇粠鍙ワ紝濡傦細He asked me,鈥淒oes his father know Mr Green?鈥---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.(3)鐗规畩鐤戦棶鍙ュ彉涓虹敱who, ...
绛旓細锛1锛夊姩璇嶇殑瀹捐浠庡彞,浠嬭瘝鐨勫璇粠鍙ュ拰褰㈠璇嶇殑瀹捐浠庡彞.鏃舵侊細1路涓诲彞鐢ㄤ竴鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂锛屼粠鍙ュ彲鐢ㄤ换鎰忔椂銆 2路涓诲彞鐢ㄨ繃鍘绘椂锛屼粠鍙ョ敤杩囧幓鏌愪釜鏃舵併 3路涓诲彞鐢ㄨ繃鍘绘椂锛屼粠鍙ユ槸鐪熺悊鏃讹紝鍙敤涓鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂銆傦紙2锛夊璇粠鍙ョ殑浠庡睘杩炶瘝涓昏鏈塼hat,if,whether.that寮曞琛ㄧず闄堣堪鍙ョ殑瀹捐浠庡彞,鑰宨f鍜寃hether寮曞琛ㄧず鈥...
绛旓細(1)闄堣堪鍙ュ彉涓轰互that寮曞鐨瀹捐浠庡彞锛濡傦細He said,鈥淚'm happy.鈥漑FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.(2)涓鑸枒闂彞鍙樹负if(whether)寮曞鐨勫璇粠鍙ワ紝濡傦細He asked me,鈥淒oes his father know Mr Green?鈥---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.(3)鐗规畩鐤戦棶鍙ュ彉涓虹敱who, ...
绛旓細涓銆佹蹇 瀹捐浠庡彞鐨勫璇儴鍒嗕腑鏈変竴涓粠鍙ュ厖褰撳璇.浜屻佸彲鎺ュ璇粠鍙ョ殑鍔ㄨ瘝 say 銆乼ell 銆乼hink銆 know銆 see銆 hear銆 hope銆 guess銆 find銆 feel 绛,鎴栫敱褰㈠璇嶆瀯鎴愮殑绯昏〃缁撴瀯,濡傦細afraid銆 sure銆 glad銆 sorry绛 涓夈佸璇粠鍙ョ殑鏍囩偣绗﹀彿.瀹捐浠庡彞鐨勬爣鐐圭鍙峰彇鍐充簬涓诲彞,濡傛灉涓诲彞鏄檲杩板彞,鍙ュ熬...
绛旓細濡備綍鍖哄垎瀹捐浠庡彞锛烼hey know the teacher.涓昏 璋撹 瀹捐 They know the teacher is a man .涓昏 璋撹 瀹捐浠庡彞 鈻插彞瀛愬仛瀹捐灏鏄璇粠鍙銆傚璇粠鍙ュ湪澶嶅悎鍙ヤ腑鍋氫富鍙ョ殑瀹捐锛1.鏃舵佷竴鑷:1)褰撲富鍙ユ槸涓鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂,浠庡彞鍙牴鎹渶瑕,閲囩敤浠讳綍涓绉嶆椂鎬.渚嬪:He says that ...
