英语的独立组格结构是什么？可以具体讲一下吗？谢谢哈 什么事结构网格，什么是非结构网格？各有什么优缺点？请讲个简单...
\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7ec4\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5177\u4f53\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e0b\u5417\uff1f\u8c22\u8c22\u54c8\u72ec\u7acb\u4e3b\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\uff08Absolute Phrase\uff09\u7531\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u524d\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u8005\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u540e\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd(\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u3001\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd)\u6216\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3001\u526f\u8bcd\u3001\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u4ecb\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u3002\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u5177\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u4e3b\u8c13\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u72ec\u7acb\u4e3b\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u505a\u72b6\u8bed\uff0c\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u4e66\u9762\u8bed\u3002 \u72ec\u7acb\u4e3b\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u4f5c\u72b6\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u4f34\u968f\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u53ca\u72b6\u6001\u7b49.
\u8868\u793a\u65f6\u95f4
The meeting being over, all of us went home. \u5f00\u5b8c\u4f1a\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u56de\u5bb6\u4e86\u3002
Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. \u5979\u5e72\u5b8c\u4e86\u6d3b\uff0c\u5750\u4e0b\u6765\u559d\u8336\u3002
\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6
The condition being favourable, he may succeed. \u82e5\u6761\u4ef6\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u4ed6\u6216\u8bb8\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u3002
\u8868\u793a\u539f\u56e0
There being no taxis, we had to walk. \u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u597d\u6b65\u884c\u3002
He wrapped her up with great care,the night being dark and frosty. \u591c\u53c8\u9ed1\u53c8\u51b7\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u628a\u5979\u88f9\u5f97\u4e25\u4e25\u5b9e\u5b9e\u7684\u3002
In the middle of February,the weather being favorable for work,the workers began to repair and secure the dam of the river.\u4e8c\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\uff0c\u5929\u6c14\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u4fee\u7f2e\u6cb3\u575d\u3002
\u8868\u793a\u4f34\u968f\u60c5\u51b5
Almost all metals are good conductors,silver being the best of all. \u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u90fd\u662f\u826f\u5bfc\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u94f6\u5219\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5bfc\u4f53\u3002(=Almost all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.)
1.1\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c
\u4ece\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u662f\u6307\u7f51\u683c\u533a\u57df\u5185\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u70b9\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6bd7\u90bb\u5355\u5143\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u751f\u6210\u6280\u672f\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6587\u732e\u8d44\u6599[1,2,3,4]\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4f18\u70b9:
1.\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u533a\u57df\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u62df\u5408\uff0c\u9002\u4e8e\u6d41\u4f53\u548c\u8868\u9762\u5e94\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002
2.\u7f51\u683c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u3002
3.\u7f51\u683c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u597d
4.\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5355
5.\u5bf9\u66f2\u9762\u6216\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u62df\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u91c7\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u6216\u6837\u6761\u63d2\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u533a\u57df\u5149\u6ed1\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002
\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u9002\u7528\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a84\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u968f\u7740\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u548c\u6570\u503c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6c42\u89e3\u533a\u57df\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u751f\u6210\u6280\u672f\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u529b\u4e0d\u4ece\u5fc3\u4e86\u3002
\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u751f\u6210\u6280\u672f\u53ea\u8981\u6709\uff1a
\u4ee3\u6570\u7f51\u683c\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u548c\u63d2\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u5904\u7406\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6c42\u89e3\u533a\u57df\u5341\u5206\u6709\u6548\u3002
PDE\u7f51\u683c\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f4\u66f2\u9762\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3002
1.2\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c
\u540c\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u662f\u6307\u7f51\u683c\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u70b9\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6bd7\u90bb\u5355\u5143\u3002\u5373\u4e0e\u7f51\u683c\u5256\u5206\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5185\u70b9\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u6570\u76ee\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4ece\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u548c\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u6709\u76f8\u4e92\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5305\u542b\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002
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\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5206\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5dee\u5206\u6cd5\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u751f\u6210\u6280\u672f\uff08\u5e38\u5e38\u6210\u4e3agrid generation technology\uff09\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u9650\u5143\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u751f\u6210\u6280\u672f\uff08\u5e38\u5e38\u6210\u4e3amesh generation technology\uff09\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5dee\u5206\u8ba1\u7b97\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u8981\u9664\u4e86\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u533a\u57df\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u8981\u6c42\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff08\u5982\u5782\u76f4\u6b63\u4ea4\uff0c\u4e0e\u6d41\u7ebf\u5e73\u884c\u6b63\u4ea4\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u66f4\u56f0\u96be\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u6709\u9650\u5143\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u751f\u6210\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u5bf9\u975e\u5e38\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5bf9\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u53ea\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f62\u72b6\u4e0a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002
\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7f51\u683c\u751f\u6210\u6280\u672f\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u751f\u6210\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u4ece\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u6587\u732e\u8d44\u6599\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e9b\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a
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所谓独立主格结构就是一个与句子相对独立的带有逻辑主语的结构。
由于这个逻辑主语与它所支配的行为状态表达的是辅助主要句子的另一层独立的意思，加之要用代词和名词的主格形式（现代英语中名词的主格与宾格是一致的）表示，因此这种逻辑主语就称作独立主格。逻辑主语加上它所支配的行为状态就构成了一种语法结构，这种语法结构称为独立主格结构。如下列例句中的括号部分：
* (Everyone being ready), the teacher began his class. 每个人都准备好后，老师开始上课。
独立主格（即逻辑主语）：Everyone
独立主格的行为状态：being ready
起到的辅助作用：表示 the teacher began his class 发生的时间
* (It being National Day today)，the streets are very crowded. 由于今天是国庆节,街上很拥挤。
独立主格：It
独立主格的行为状态：being National Day today
起到的辅助作用：表示the streets are very crowded 的原因
* The manager looks relaxed, (many things settled). 由于许多事情已经处理好了，经理看上去很轻松。
独立主格：many things
独立主格的行为状态：settled
起到的辅助作用：表示The manager looks relaxed 的原因
二、独立主格结构的构成
独立主格由两部分组成——
1、逻辑主语（即独立主格）：由代词的主格或名词充当独立主格
2、叙述语：用来陈述逻辑主语的行为状态。
其中叙述语是独立主格的重点。
三、能够构成独立主格结构中叙述语的词语
1、现在分词（-ing 非谓语动词）
——用作时间状语，如：
The chairman began the meeting , everyone being seated. 每个人坐好后，主席开始开会。（相当于一个时间状语从句after everyone was seated）
——用作原因状语，如：
Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous. 许多眼睛看着他，他感到有点儿紧张。（相当于一个原因状语从句As many eyes were watching him）
——用作条件状语，如：
Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week. 时间允许的话，我们下星期将进行一次野炊。（相当于一个条件状语从句If time permits)
My health allowing, I will work far into the night. 我的健康许可的话，我愿工作到深夜。（相当于一个条件状语从句If my health allows）
——用作伴随方式的状语
The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky. 男孩躺在草地上，眼睛看着天空。（相当于一个并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky）
2、过去分词（-ed非谓语动词）
* The book written in simple English, English beginners were able to read it. 该书是用简单英语写的，英语初学者也能看懂（原因状语 ， = As the book was written in simple English，English beginners were able to read i）
* He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。（方式状语，= He was listening attentively in class, and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard. ）
* The task completed, he had two months' leave. 任务完成以后，他休了两个月的假（时间状语。=When the task had been completed,he had two months' leave. ）
3、不定式（to do）
* I send you 100 dollars today, the rest to follow in a year. 现寄给你100美元，其余部分将在一年以后再寄。（方式状语，= I send you 100 dollars today, and the rest is to follow in a year.）
* The manager looks worried，many things to be settled. 经理看上去很着急, 有这么多的事情要处理。（原因状语，= The manager looks worried because many things will be settled）：.
4、形容词短语
* He turned to me, his eyes sleepy. 他睡眼惺忪地转向我。（= He turned to me, and his eyes were sleepy.）
* He stood there, his mouth wide open. 他站在那里，嘴张得大大的。（= He stood there, and his mouth was wide open.）
5、小品副词（指既可以用作介词又可以用作副词的词） .
* School over, we all went home. 放学了，我们都回家了。（= School was over, and we all went home.）
* He sat at his desk, his shoes off. 他坐在课桌旁，没穿鞋子。（ = He sat at his desk and his shoes were off.）
6、介词短语
* He is standing in front of the blackboard, his back towards us. 他站在黑板面前，背对着我们。（ = He was standing in front of the blackboard, and his back was towards us.）
* The new teacher came in, a smile on her face. 新老师面带微笑走了进来。（ = The new teacher came in and she had a smile on her face.）
* The teacher came into the classroom，a rule in his hand. 老师走进教室，手里拿着一把直尺。（ = The teacher came in and a ruler was in his hand.）
注：表示伴随方式的独立主格结构还可以用“with + 逻辑主语 + 叙述语”表示。
请参阅我的博文：
http://hi.baidu.com/%D5%C5%B4%EF%C8%CB/blog/item/f201c2c7c2f9d5049c163d41.html
1. 不是独立“组格”结构，而是独立“主格”结构
2. 我们称动作状态实行者为逻辑主语，称该状态为逻辑谓语，在中文翻译上与状语从句没什么区别。“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语，加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系，通常称为“独立主格结构”。 3. 独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。例如：
1) 表示时间 The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。the meeting being over相当于when the meeting was over Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。her work done相当于when her work was done
2） 表示条件 The condition being favorable, he may succeed. 若条件有利，他或许能成功。If the condition is favorable
3） 表示原因 There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车，我们只好步行。Since there was no taxis, He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷，所以他把她裹得严严实实的。as the night was dark and frosty
4） 表示伴随情况 Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体，而银则是最好的导体。(=Almost all metals are good conductors,and silver is the best of all.)
5） 表示补充说明 We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我们加倍努力，一个人干两个人的活。 *注：独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末；表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末。
4. 务必注意，其实独立主格结构很容易转换成介词短语，你只要在独立主格结构前加上介词with, 它就变成介词短语了，其句法作用跟独立独立主格结构一样，都做状语。
He walked into the hall, a flower in hand. → He walked into the hall, with a flower in hand.
独立主格
由一个名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上一个分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成,这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系,通常被称为独立主格结构。
（一）独立主格结构的构成：
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词
名词(代词)+形容词
名词(代词)+副词
名词(代词)+不定式
名词(代词) +介词短语构成
独立主格结构主要起状语作用,相当于一个状语从句,多用来表示行为、方式、伴随等情况,有时也可用来表示时间、原因、条件等情况。
1、名词或代词主格 + 分词
①The experiment done, the students went on to take notes in the experiment report.
实验做完了,同学们继续在实验报告上做记录。
②Time permitting, we can have a walk around the playground after supper.
如果时间允许,晚饭后我们可以到操场上散步。
2、名词或代词主格 + 形容词
①Computers very small, we can use them widely. 电脑虽小,我们却能广泛地利用它们。
② The clothes very dirty, you'd better wash them quickly. 衣服很脏,你快点儿洗洗吧!
3、名词或代词主格 + 不定式
The last guest to arrive, our party was started. 最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会就开始了。
4、名词或代词主格 + 介词短语
① Our English teacher came into the classroom, papers in hand.
我们的英语老师走进了教室,手里拿着试卷。
② There is a river in the valley, fresh flowers on the banks.
山谷中有一条河,河两岸长满了鲜花。
5、名词或代词主格 + 副词
① The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting-room. 散会了,校长很快就离开了会议室。
② The lights off, we could not go on with the work. 灯熄了,我们不能继续工作了。
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