高一英语定语从句和宾语从句的知识点 刚刚学 有点蒙 我刚上高一，感觉英语定语从句学的不是很好，有没有推荐含有练语...
\u542b\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u4f5c\u65872\u7bc7100\u5b57\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e00\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e00\u5df2\u5185 \u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u9650\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff08\u4e00\uff09 \u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u5728\u590d\u5408\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u3002\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u5e38\u7531that\u5f15\u5bfc\uff0c\u5728\u53e3\u8bed\u4e2d\u5e38\u7701\u7565\u3002 \u5f53\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e2d\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u6216\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u53d7\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e2d\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u65f6\u6001\u7684 \u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6309\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u5982\uff1a She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. \u5979\u8bf4\u5979\u4ece\u5468\u4e00\u81f3\u5468\u4e94\u4e0a\u73ed\u3002\uff08\u4ece\u53e5\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff09 She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. \u5979\u8bf4\u5979\u8981\u5728\u4ed6\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u7559\u4e2a\u4fbf\u6761\u3002\uff08\u4ece\u53e5\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff09 She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. \u5979\u8bf4\u5979\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u53bb\u8fc7\u5ce8\u7709\u5c71\u3002\uff08\u4ece\u53e5\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff09 \u5f53\u4e3b\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u5982\uff1a He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. \u4ed6\u8bf4\u6628\u5929\u4e0b\u5348\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfe\u3002\uff08\u4ece\u53e5\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff09 He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. \u4ed6\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4f1a\u53bb\u7167\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5a74\u513f\u3002\uff08\u4ece\u53e5\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff09 He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time. \u4ed6\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u90a3\u65f6\u6b63\u5728\u5f00\u4f1a\u3002\uff08\u4ece\u53e5\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff09 *\u5f53\u4e3b\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u53d9\u8ff0\u67d0\u4e00\u5ba2\u89c2\u771f\u7406\uff08\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff09\u65f6\uff0c \u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u5219\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u3002\u5982\uff1a The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. \u8001\u5e08\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u4e16\u4e0a\u65e0\u96be\u4e8b\u53ea\u6015\u6709\u5fc3\u4eba\u3002 She said (that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her. \u5979\u8bf4\u5979\u7236\u4eb2\u6bd4\u5979\u5927\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u5c81\u3002 He said that light travels much faster than sound. \u4ed6\u8bf4\u5149\u4f20\u64ad\u6bd4\u58f0\u97f3\u4f20\u64ad\u5feb\u5f97\u591a\u3002 \u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff08\u4e8c\uff09 \u7531\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee3\u8bcd\u6216\u8fde\u63a5\u526f\u8bcd\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002 \u5f15\u51fa\u540d\u8bcd\u6027\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u8fde\u8bcdwhether\u548cif\uff0c\u5728\u5f15\u51fa\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u53ea\u80fd\u5f15\u51fa\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u548c\u4e0d\u5728\u53e5\u9996\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u800cwhether\u9664\u4e86\u5f15\u51fa\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u5f15\u51fa\u4e3b\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3001\u8868\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u548c\u540c\u4f4d\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a We don't know whether (if) it is right. \u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u3002 The question is whether she should do that. \u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u5979\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u90a3\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002 Whether it is true remains a question. \u662f\u771f\u662f\u5047\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u8bd5\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a \u5f53if\u4ece\u53e5\u5904\u5728\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e4b\u540e\u4f5c\u201c\u662f\u5426\u201d\u8bb2\u65f6\uff0c\u5f15\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a I don't know if it is true. \u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e8b\u662f\u5426\u771f\u5b9e\u3002 \u5f53if\u4ece\u53e5\u5728\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e4b\u524d\u4f5c\u201c\u5982\u679c\u201d\u8bb2\uff0c\u5219\u5f15\u51fa\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a I shall go there if I have time. \u5982\u679c\u6211\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u5230\u90a3\u513f\u53bb\u3002 \u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff08Attributive Clauses\uff09\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u505a\u5b9a\u8bed\uff0c\u4fee\u9970\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u540d\u8bcd,\u8bcd\u7ec4\u6216\u4ee3\u8bcd\u5373\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u3002\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u901a\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u5173\u7cfb\u8bcd\uff08\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u6216\u5173\u7cfb\u526f\u8bcd\uff09\u5f15\u51fa\u3002 \u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u6709\uff1awho, whom, whose, that, which\u7b49\u3002 \u5173\u7cfb\u526f\u8bcd\u6709\uff1awhen, where, why\u7b49\u3002 \u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u6240\u4ee3\u66ff\u7684\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u662f\u4eba\u6216\u7269\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u4e3b\u8bed\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u3001\u5b9a\u8bed\u7b49\u6210\u5206\u3002\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u5728\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u4eba\u79f0\u548c\u6570\u8981\u548c\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002 1\uff09who, whom, that \u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u4ee3\u66ff\u7684\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u6240\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a Is he the man who/that wants to see you \u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u60f3\u89c1\u7684\u4eba\u5417\uff1f\uff08who/that\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\uff09 He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. \u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u6628\u5929\u89c1\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\uff08whom/that\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff09 2) Whose \u7528\u6765\u6307\u4eba\u6216\u7269\uff0c(\u53ea\u7528\u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed, \u82e5\u6307\u7269\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u540cof which\u4e92\u6362\uff09, \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. \u90a3\u4eba\u8f66\u574f\u4e86\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8dd1\u8fc7\u53bb\u5e2e\u5fd9\u3002 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. \u8bf7\u9012\u7ed9\u6211\u90a3\u672c\u7eff\u76ae\u7684\u4e66\u3002 3\uff09which, that \u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u4ee3\u66ff\u7684\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u662f\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u6216\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u7b49\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. \u519c\u6751\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u7e41\u8363\u3002\uff08which / that\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\uff09 The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. \u4f60\u62ff\u7684\u5305\u5feb\u6563\u4e86\u3002(which / that\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff09 \u5173\u7cfb\u526f\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee3\u66ff\u7684\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5730\u70b9\u6216\u7406\u7531\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f5c\u72b6\u8bed\u3002 1\uff09when, where, why \u5173\u7cfb\u526f\u8bcdwhen, where, why\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e"\u4ecb\u8bcd+ which"\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e38\u5e38\u548c"\u4ecb\u8bcd+ which"\u7ed3\u6784\u4ea4\u66ff\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. \u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5c48\u670d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. \u5317\u4eac\u662f\u6211\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u5730\u3002 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u62d2\u7edd\u6211\u4eec\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u7531\u5417\uff1f 2\uff09that\u4ee3\u66ff\u5173\u7cfb\u526f\u8bcd that\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5730\u70b9\u3001\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u7406\u7531\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u540e\u53d6\u4ee3when, where, why\u548c"\u4ecb\u8bcd+ which"\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u5728\u53e3\u8bed\u4e2dthat\u5e38\u88ab\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. \u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u5728\u4ed6\u51fa\u751f\u90a3\u5e74\u901d\u4e16\u4e86\u3002 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. \u4ed6\u4e0d\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u4ed6\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u5c45\u4f4f\u8fc7\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002
\u56de\u7b54\u8005\uff1a \u900d\u9065
\u8ffd\u95ee\uff1a
\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e00\u584c\u7cca\u6d82\u3001\u4e3b\u8c13\u5bbe\u3002\u5b9a\u8bed\u3001\u72b6\u8bed\u7684\u3001\u90fd\u6ca1\u61c2\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5b66\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ece\u53e5\u90fd\u534a\u61c2\u4e0d\u61c2\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u3001\u8ba9\u6211\u8ba4\u6e05\u53e5\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u5417\uff1f
\u521d\u4e2d\u4f1a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bb2\u5230\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u548c\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u521d\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u5411\u697c\u4e3b\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3001\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u6211\u662f\u5728\u9ad8\u4e00\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u6709\u70b9\u6655\u3002
1 定语从句相当于形容词，翻译为‘……的’。修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。 位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后。 例：Those who are willing to attend the party , sign your names here please.引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where, when, why,how等。关系词常有3个作用： ①连接作用，引导定语从句。 ②代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。 ③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。 注：关系代词有主语、宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语，时间状语，原因状语等。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。如The man The book
限制性定语从句
关系代词
关系代词：在句中作主语、宾语或定语 1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg：This is the book （which）you want.] 2. 如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 3. 代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which： a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时； b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略； c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时； d)先行词中既有人又有物时； e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时； f)当先行词为物并作表语时； g)先行词为one时； h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时； 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
关系副词
关系副词：在句中作状语 关系副词=介词+关系代词 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) 1. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句。 2. when引导定语从句表示时间[注]值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。 By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks. 到你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期。 I still remember the first time when I met her. 我仍然记得我第一次见到她。 Each time when he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。 每一次他去出差，他带来了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等其他东西。 3. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is 开头 There is somebody here who wants to speak to you. 这里有人要和你说话。 非限制性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
编辑本段非限制性定语从句
1. which引导的非限制性定语从句作用是说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分 2.当先行词是专有名词、物主代词或指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如： Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。 3.非限定性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如： He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。 4. 有时as也可用作关系代词 5. 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用关系副词why和关系代词that，而用who, whom代表人，用which,whose代表事物，如果需要用why，可用for which代替.； p.s: which引导的非限制性定语从句其后不可省略成分，as可以
编辑本段关系代词引导的定语从句
who指人在从句中做主语
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 在踢足球的男孩们是一班的. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天，我帮助了一个迷路的老人.
whom指人
在定语从句中充当宾语，常省略。（注：who和whom已无太大区别，基本可以通用。区别是who可以做主语而whom不可以，whom前可以加介词如to whom，但是who不可以） (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked with on the bus. 刘先生就是在公交车上和你聊天的那个人. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy(whom)I want to see. 凌先生恰巧就是我想见的那个男孩. (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人就是我的朋友. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to. 他就是那个和我聊天的男人. 如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book. 他就是那个有英语书的男人.
whose通常指人也可指物
在定语从句中做定语，表所有。 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个朋友的父亲是医生. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.我曾经住在一座现在已经倒塌的房子中. whose指物时通常以以下结构来代替 (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.那个门被打破的教室不久会被修复。 (4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.课堂门，被打破会不久被修复。 (5) Do you like the book whose color is yellow?你喜欢颜色是黄色的书吗? (6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?你喜欢的书的颜色，是黄色吗? which指物 在定语从句中做主语，表语，定语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。在非限制性定语从句中有“，”即可用which (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔.
that指人时
相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在定语从句中做主语,表语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.数目的人民那个/谁来城市观光每年上升之一个百万 (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?那个男人在哪里/我看见谁了今天早上?
编辑本段关系副词引导的定语从句
when指时间
在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came.
where指地点
在定语从句中做地点状语 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
why指原因
在定语从句中做原因状语 (1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换 (1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, (2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
编辑本段介词和关系代词
1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。 2）that前不能有介词。 3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when ,where和why 互换。 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? Do you remember the day when you joined our club? This is the reason why he came late. This is the reason for which he came late. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时 从句常由介词+关系代词引导 当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用which/whom即“介词+which/whom"且不能省略。但当介词位于末尾时可用that/which/who/whom.作介词的宾语，且可以省略。例如： (1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous."that/which"可以省略 = The school in which he once studied is very famous."which”不可省略 (2) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. = Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (3) We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. = We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意： 1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等 T This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T=正确) F This is the watch for which I am looking. (F=错误) 2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose (1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T) The man with that you talked is my friend. (F) (2) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F) 3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词、数词或者名词。 (1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. (2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. (3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. (4) The boat, the name of which is Topsail, is famous. (5) I bought many books yesterday, three of which are written by Lu Xun.
关系代词
关系代词（一般情况下）that 可用在从句做主语，谓动词的宾语，但是不能做介词的宾语。 which指物，在从句中作主语，谓语或宾语； who在从句中作主语； whom在从句中作宾语； where在从句中修饰表地点的名词，做地点状语； when在从句中通常修饰表时间的名词，做时间状语； why在从句中做原因状语，先行词通常是"reason" 有时why也可用for+which代替。 例：A doctor is a person ‖who looks after people's health. 主语 谓语 先行词 定语从句修饰先行词
宾语从句：宾语从句用法
时态： 1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。可归纳为“主现从不限” 2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。可归纳为“主过从四过” 3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。 4.情态动词could/would用于，“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句不受主句的约束。 一、宾语从句的连接词 从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句, if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句. He told me (that ）he would go to college the next year 他告诉我他明年上大学. I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没有人知道他是否会通过考试. 连接代词 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. Do you know who has won Red Alert game? 你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏么？ The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么. Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone? 你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗? 连接副词 连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面. Could you please tell me how you use the new panel? 你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗? None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
1.大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger. 我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
2.用wh-类的介词宾语从句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
3.常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:
sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam. 我确信我会通过考试.
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
例子：
(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
定语从句
定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
（1）由That引导，（指人或物），先行词是人或物
（2）由Who引导（指人）先行词是人
（3）由Which引导（指物）先行词是物
（1）和（2）例：This is the engineer that who will give us a talk .
特殊情况：引导词只能用That而不能其他
《1》被序数词或者是最高级修饰的先行词后边，只能用That.用“《》”的说明只能用这个词
例：This is the most interesing story 《 that》 I have ever read.
例：Xiao Ming（小明）is the first forginer 《that》I have known.
《2》先行词是不定代词的必须用That
（2）定语从句中的胃语动词形式要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。（这里所说的数是单数或复数形式要与第几人称一致）
宾语从句
宾语从句就是陈述句语序，宾语从句就是由直接引语变为间接引语，或由间接引语变为直接引语。
（1）由That引导（在句子中常被省略）
例：The boy said to this mother “I want to buy a bag ”句意：这个男孩儿对他妈妈说，我想买个书包。（直接引语）
例：The boy told this mother( that)---引导词he wanted to a bag.句意：男孩儿告诉他的妈妈说，他想买个书包。（间接引语）
直接引语变为间接引语时里的动词会有变化，变化方式：
直接引语 ——间接引语
一般现在时 ——一般过去时
现在进行时 ——过去进行时
现在完成时——过去完成时
一般过去时——过去完成时
过去完成时——过去完成时
一般将来时——过去将来时
二、由If或Whether引导（是不是、是否，If在连接宾语从句时是这个意思，连接条件状语从句时是，假如、如果）。
If或Whether引导的（直接引语）原句是一般疑问句
例：The teacher asked "do you know his name"(直接引语)
例：The teacher asked me if （或Whether） I knew his name.（间接引语）
（注意直接引语变为间接引语动词的时态变化）
特殊情况：只能用Whether,而不能用If.
（1）放在动词不定式前边时
例：I can't decide whether to buy this pen or that one.
（2）放在介词后边时
例：I Worry about（介词） whether I can pass the exam.
（3）与“or not”连用时（一般情况这俩词都是句尾）
例：I don't whether I can help you or not.
三、由疑问词引导的直接引语（原句是特殊疑问句）
例：The teacher asked liu xiang(刘翔)“What time is it?”(直接引语)
例：The teacher asked liu xiang what time it was.(间接引语)
注（时态搭配关系：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据需要可是用任何时态，主句是一般过去时态，从句必须是过去时态当中的一种）
特殊情况：如果宾语从句表示的是一种客观性真理（比如，世界上有一个太阳，有一个地球……）这是宾语从句主句是一般过去时态的情况下从句仍然是一般现在时态。
If可能连接的是宾语从句也可能是条件状语从句，连的宾语时意思是（是不是，是否）连的是条件状语从句时意思是（假如，如果）。连接宾语从句时，时态搭配关系以写出，连接条件状语从句时，主句是一般将来时态，从句是一般现在时态。区分它连的是宾语从句还是条件状语从句，If放在动词后边时，这是连接的是宾语从句，其他位置即是条件状语从句。
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绛旓細justnow?Iwonderedhowoldhisbrotherwas.瀹捐浠庡彞鐨鏃舵佸懠搴旓細1锛庡綋涓诲彞鏄幇鍦ㄦ椂鎴栧皢鏉ユ椂鐨勬椂鍊欙紝瀹捐浠庡彞鍙互鐢ㄦ墍闇瑕佺殑浠讳綍鏃舵併2锛庝富鍙ユ槸杩囧幓鏃讹紝瀹捐浠庡彞涓鑸彧鑳界敤杩囧幓鏃剁殑鏌愮褰㈠紡锛涘綋浠庡彞鍙欒堪鐨勬槸瀹㈣浜嬪疄鎴栦竴鑸湡鐞嗘椂锛屽璇粠鍙ヤ粛鐒剁敤鐜板湪鏃舵併3锛庢儏鎬佸姩璇峬ust涓鑸笉鐢ㄤ簬杩囧幓鏃讹紝浣嗗嵈鍙互鐢ㄤ簬涓诲彞鏄...
绛旓細涓銆佸仛鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勫璇細I think (that)you will like the pictures.鎴戞兂浣犱細鍠滄杩欎簺鐢荤殑銆傦紙杩炴帴璇峵hat鏃犳剰涔夛紝鍦ㄤ粠鍙ヤ腑涓嶅厖褰撲换浣曟垚鍒嗭紝鍙互鐪佺暐锛夊綋瀹捐浠庡彞锛堥氬父鏄敱that寮曞鐨勫璇粠鍙ワ級鏈変竴瀹捐琛ヨ冻璇椂锛屽父鐢╥t浣滃舰寮忓璇紝鑰屽皢瀹捐浠庡彞缃簬鍙ユ湯銆備緥濡傦細I feel it important that they finish thei...
绛旓細涓鑸瑆hom浣滀负瀹捐銆傚叧绯讳唬璇嶅湪浠庡彞涓綔涓昏,瀹捐,琛ㄨ,瀹氳绛,鍏崇郴鍓瘝鍦ㄤ粠鍙ヤ腑浣滃湴鐐圭姸璇,鏃堕棿鐘惰,鍘熷洜鐘惰绛夈傝瀹氳浠庡彞淇グ鐨勫悕璇嶃佷唬璇嶇О涓哄厛琛岃瘝銆傚The man The book闄愬埗鎬у畾璇粠鍙ュ叧绯讳唬璇 鍏崇郴浠ｈ瘝:鍦ㄥ彞涓綔涓昏銆佸璇垨瀹氳 1. that鏃㈠彲浠ｈ〃浜嬬墿涔熷彲浠ｈ〃浜,which浠ｈ〃浜嬬墿;瀹冧滑鍦ㄤ粠鍙ヤ腑浣滀富璇垨瀹捐,...
绛旓細鎮ㄥソ锛瀹氳浠庡彞鍜屽璇粠鍙鏈澶х殑鍖哄埆鍦ㄤ簬鍏舵ц川锛岃岃繖涓ц川瀵艰嚧浜嗗叾鍔熻兘鐨勪笉鍚屻1锛夊畾璇粠鍙ワ細灞炰簬锛堝舰瀹硅瘝鎬э級浠庡彞锛岃〃绀烘槸鐢ㄦ潵淇グ鏌愪竴涓悕璇嶇敤鐨勩傚洜涓鑻辫涓殑锛堝舰瀹硅瘝锛夊氨鏄敤鏉ヤ慨楗帮紙鍚嶈瘝锛夌殑銆傚钩甯哥殑鍙ュ瓙閫氬父鍙互浣跨敤鍗曚釜锛屾垨鏄涓舰瀹硅瘝淇グ涓涓悕璇嶏紝浣嗗綋涓涓垨鏄涓棤娉曟弧瓒充慨楗扮殑鍐呭锛岃...
绛旓細寮曞嚭鐨勬槸瀹捐浠庡彞.渚嬪锛欼 don't know if it is true.鎴戜笉鐭ラ亾杩欎簨鏄惁鐪熷疄.褰搃f浠庡彞鍦ㄤ富鍙ヤ箣鍓嶄綔鈥滃鏋溾濊,鍒欏紩鍑虹姸璇粠鍙.渚嬪锛欼 shall go there if I have time.濡傛灉鎴戞湁鏃堕棿,鎴戝皢鍒伴偅鍎垮幓.瀹氳浠庡彞 (Attributive Clauses)鍦ㄥ彞涓仛瀹氳,淇グ涓涓悕璇嶆垨浠ｈ瘝,琚慨楗扮殑鍚嶈瘝,璇嶇粍鎴栦唬璇嶅嵆...
绛旓細瀹氳浠庡彞鍜屽璇粠鍙ョ殑鍖哄埆濡備笅锛1銆佺揣璺熺殑鎴愪唤銆傚畾璇粠鍙ヨ淇グ鍚嶈瘝锛屾墍浠ュ墠闈竴瀹氭湁涓厛琛岃瘝锛屼笖涓哄悕璇嶃 瀹捐浠庡彞浣滃璇紝鎵浠ュ墠闈竴瀹氭槸涓姩璇嶏紝涓斾负鍙婄墿鍔ㄨ瘝 銆2銆佸湪浠庡彞鐨勬垚浠姐傚畾璇粠鍙ョ殑that/which寮曞鐨勪粠鍙ヤ慨楗板墠闈㈢殑鍏堣璇嶏紝that/which鍙堝厖褰撳悗闈粠鍙ョ殑涓昏鎴栧璇殑鎴愪唤銆倀hat銆亀hich鍦ㄩ潪鐗规畩鎯呭喌...
绛旓細he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai. 鍏堣璇 鎸囦汉浠ｆ浛鍏堣璇嶅湪瀹氳浠庡彞涓厖褰瀹捐 She is the girl with whom I went there. 鍏堣璇 鎸囦汉浠ｆ浛鍏堣璇嶅湪瀹氳浠庡彞涓厖褰撲粙瀹句笖浠嬭瘝浜庡墠. 涓 瀹氳浠庡彞鐨鍏崇郴浠ｈ瘝 Whom鐨勭敤娉: 鑻ュ厛琛岃瘝鎸囦汉鍒欎唬鏇垮厛琛岃瘝鍦ㄥ畾璇粠鍙ヤ腑鍏呭綋瀹捐(鍖呮嫭浠嬭瘝鐨勫璇...
