定语从句简化时中,去掉关系词后，为什么后面的动词要变成ing形式 定语从句的省略后时态问题
\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u540e\u9762\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u600e\u4e48\u662fed\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u90fd\u662f-ed\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002
\u5982 I like the girl who walks to school everyday.
I like the girl who danced yesterday.
I like the girl who has finished her college study.
\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u7528\u6cd5
\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7531\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcdwho\u3001whom\u3001whose\u3001which\u3001what\u3001as\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u526f\u8bcdwhere\u3001when\u3001why\u7b49\u5f15\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f46\u987b\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff1a
1.what\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f15\u5bfc\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5.
2.\u5173\u7cfb\u8bcd\u7684\u5206\u6790\u987b\u8003\u8651\u5b83\u5728\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u5206\u3002
\u4e00.\u6307\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u6709who\u3001whose\u3001whom\u3001that. \u8bd5\u5206\u6790\uff1a
The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .
The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. \uff08=The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.\uff09\u6ce8\uff1a
A\uff0e \u6307\u4eba\u65f6\u6709\u65f6\u53ea\u7528who\u4e0d\u5b9c\u7528that\u3002
1\uff0e\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u4e3aone\u3001ones\u6216anyone
\uff081\uff09The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.
\uff082\uff09Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
2\uff0e\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u4e3athese\u65f6
These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.
3\uff0e\u5728there be \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d
There is a student who wants to see you.
4\uff0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u5e26\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u662fthat\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9c\u7528who\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u3002
The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards.
5\uff0e\u5728\u975e\u9650\u5236\u6027\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d
A\u3002I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan.
B\uff0e\u4e3b\u53e5\u4ee5who\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d,\u53ea\u7528that,\u4e0d\u7528who\u3002
that\u548cwhich\u5f15\u5bfc\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u533a\u522b
that \which\u5728\u4ee3\u7269\u65f6\u5e38\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u7528,\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u53ea\u5b9c\u4e8e\u7528which ,\u4e0d\u7528that
(1) \u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u524d\u6709\u4ecb\u8bcd\u65f6.
This
is the hotel in which you will stay.
(2)
\u5982\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5,\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u53e5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u662fthat,\u53e6\u4e00\u53e5\u5b9c\u4e8e\u7528which.
Let me show you the novel that I
borrowed from the liberary which was newly open (\u65b0\u5f00\u653e) to us.
\u6ce8\u610f2that
\which\u5728\u4ee3\u7269\u65f6\u5e38\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u7528,\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u53ea\u5b9c\u4e8e\u7528that ,\u4e0d\u7528which.
(1) \u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u662f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6216\u8005\u5b83\u7684\u524d\u9762\u6709\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u65f6
This is the best that has been used against air pollution(\u53cd\u5bf9\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3) in
cities.
English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during
these years.
(2) \u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u662f\u5e8f\u6570\u8bcd,\u6216\u5b83\u7684\u524d\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u6570\u8bcd\u65f6
He is the last person that
I want to see.
(3) \u4e3b\u53e5\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd\u65f6
Which is the bike that you lost?
(4) \u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u65e2\u6709\u4eba\u53c8\u6709\u7269\u65f6
The bike and its rider that had run over (\u649e\u5012\u4e86)an
old man were taken to the police station.
(5)
\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u662fall,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one\u7b49\u4ee3\u8bcd\u65f6
You should hand in all that you have.
We haven\u2019t got much that
we can offer you.
I mean the one that you talked about just now.
(6) \u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u524d\u9762\u6709only,any,few,little,no,all,one of,the same,the very\u7b49\u8bcd\u4fee\u9970\u65f6
The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.
Li Ming
is the only one that got full marks (\u6ee1\u5206)in our class.
Li Ming is one of
the students that want to be teachers in our class.
(7)
\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5,\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u5df2\u7528which,\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9c\u7528that
Edison built up a factory(\u529e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5382)
which produced things that had never been seen before.
\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u526f\u8bcd
Where\u7684\u7528\u6cd5:\u82e5\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u6307\u5730\u70b9\u4e14\u5176\u5728\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u5730\u70b9\u72b6\u8bed.
This is the house+I was born in the
house. (=I was born there)
\u4ecb\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed \u526f\u8bcd
=This is the house where I
was born.\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5728\u90a3\u513f\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u623f\u5b50.
\u5148\u884c\u8bcd \u5173\u7cfb\u526f\u8bcd
in which I was born.
\u4ecb\u8bcd+\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd
which I was born in.
\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd
\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f5c\u4ecb\u5bbe\u7684which\u548cthat\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565
\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u505a\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u7701\u7565\u540e\u540e\u9762\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u53d8\u5f62\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u4e3b\u8bed\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u8fd8\u662f\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4e3b\u8bed\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u8fd8\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u90fd\u53ef\u53d8\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd Ving\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u5728\u4e3b\u53e5\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u53ef\u91c7\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u5373having +Ved\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4e3b\u8bed\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u6539\u4e3a\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcdVed\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4ece\u53e5\u52a8\u4f5c\u5728\u524d\u5c31\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6having been done\uff1b\u5982\uff1aThe driver having been taken to the hospital is my friend.
\u4f60\u8bf4\u7684be +\u4ecb\u8bcd=\u4ecb\u8bcd\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u53d8\u4e3abeing \u7684be\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4ecb\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u3002\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u662f\u7cfb\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\uff0c\u7701\u7565\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\u540e\u540c\u6837\u8981\u628abe \u52a8\u8bcd\u53d8\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcdbeing\uff0c\u4f46\u5e38\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u3002
\u7701\u7565\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u6216\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\uff1b\u52a8\u8bcd\u4f5c\u8c13\u8bed\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u5341\u51e0\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5374\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u822c\u65f6\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6539\u65f6\u6001\u65f6\u53ea\u9700\u8003\u8651\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u6216\u88ab\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3b\u4ece\u53e5\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u5148\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002
你说的这种情况是现在分词作后置定语如
The boy standing at the door is my brother.现在分词作后置定语表示和被修饰词之间的主动关系。
=The boy who is standing at the door is my brother.
下面这几个也是作定语的非谓语动词，注意它们的区别。
the food bought in this supermarket is good. bought in this supermarket与被修饰词之间是被动关系。
=the food which/that was bought in this supermarket is good.
不一定一定变为ing形式，也可以是ed形式
如果和逻辑主语是主动关系，就ing形式，如果是被动关系，用ed形式
定语从句简化时中,去掉关系词后，用现在分词做定语修饰，表示一种状态
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绛旓細瀹氳浠庡彞绠鍖栨椂涓,鍘绘帀鍏崇郴璇嶅悗锛屽悗闈㈢殑鍔ㄨ瘝瑕佸彉鎴恑ng褰㈠紡 杩欑鎯呭喌鏄幇鍦ㄥ垎璇嶄綔鍚庣疆瀹氳濡 The boy standing at the door is my brother.鐜板湪鍒嗚瘝浣滃悗缃畾璇〃绀哄拰琚慨楗拌瘝涔嬮棿鐨勪富鍔ㄥ叧绯汇=The boy who is standing at the door is my brother.涓嬮潰杩欏嚑涓篃鏄綔瀹氳鐨勯潪璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝锛屾敞鎰忓畠浠殑鍖哄埆銆倀...
