实验室中0.1mol/LHCL滴定液的配制和标定的原理计算公式所用指示剂及简单操作步骤 试述实验室中0.1mol/L NaOH滴定液的配制和标定的原...
\u8bd5\u8ff0\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d0.1mol/l HCL\u6ef4\u5b9a\u6db2\u7684\u914d\u5236\u548c\u6807\u5b9a\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u3001\u6240\u7528\u6307\u793a\u5242\u53ca\u7b80\u5355\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa41\uff09\u914d\u5236\uff1a\u6d53\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u5927\u7ea6\u662f12mol/L\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u8981\u914d\u52361000ml0.1mol/L\u7684\u76d0\u9178\u6807\u51c6\u6ef4\u5b9a\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c
12*V=0.1*1000 V=8.3ml \u91cf\u53d69\u6beb\u5347\u6d53\u76d0\u9178\u7a00\u91ca\u81f31000\u6beb\u5347\u6447\u5300\u5373\u53ef\u3002
2\uff09\u6807\u5b9a\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u65e0\u6c34\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u57fa\u51c6\u8bd5\u5242\u6807\u5b9a\uff0c\u65e0\u6c34\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u9700\u5728270\u2014300\u6444\u6c0f\u5ea6\u707c\u70e7\uff0c\u6ef4\u5b9a\u53cd\u5e94
Na2CO3 + 2HCI === 2NaCI + CO2 + H2O \u7ec8\u70b9\u4ea7\u7269\u5448\u5f31\u9178\u6027\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u7532\u57fa\u6a59\u6216\u7532\u57fa\u7ea2\u505a\u6307\u793a\u5242\uff0c\u6ef4\u5b9a\u5230\u7ec8\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5c06\u6eb6\u6db2\u52a0\u70ed\u716e\u6cb82\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u8d76\u6389\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u51b7\u5374\u540e\u518d\u6ef4\u5b9a\u5230\u7ec8\u70b9\u3002
3\uff09\u65e0\u6c34\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u79f0\u6837\u91cf\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6d88\u8017\u76d0\u9178\u6807\u51c6\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u4f53\u79ef\u4e3a20\u6beb\u5347\uff0c
Na2CO3 + 2HCI ===2NaCI + CO2 + H2O
1 2
m/105.99 0.1*30/1000 105.99\u4e3a\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf
\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97m=0.109\u514b\uff0c\u6700\u4f4e\u79f0\u6837\u91cf\u4e3a0.11\u514b
\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6700\u9ad8\u6ef4\u5b9a\u4f53\u79ef40ml\u65f6\u7684\u79f0\u6837\u91cf\u4e3a0.22\u514b
4\uff09\u6d53\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a\u6309\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4ee3\u5165\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u76d0\u9178\u6d88\u8017\u91cf\u3002
\u8bd5\u5242\u4e0e\u7528\u5177
a \u6307\u793a\u5242\uff1a\u915a\u915e\u6307\u793a\u6db2
b \u57fa\u51c6\u8bd5\u5242\uff1a\u57fa\u51c6\u90bb\u82ef\u4e8c\u7532\u9178\u6c22\u94be
c \u4e09\u89d2\u70e7\u74f6\uff08150ml\uff09\u3001\u78b1\u5f0f\u6ef4\u5b9a\u7ba1\uff0850ml\uff09
\u914d\u5236\uff1a
\u53d6\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u9002\u91cf\uff0c\u52a0\u6c34\u632f\u6447\u4f7f\u6eb6\u89e3\u6210\u9971\u548c\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u51b7\u5374\u540e\uff0c\u7f6e\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u5851\u6599\u74f6\u4e2d\uff0c\u9759\u7f6e\u6570\u65e5\uff0c
\u6f84\u6e05\u540e\u5907\u7528\u3002\u53d6\u6f84\u6e05\u7684\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u9971\u548c\u6eb6\u6db25.6ml\uff0c\u52a0\u65b0\u6cb8\u8fc7\u7684\u51b7\u6c34\u4f7f\u62101000ml\uff0c\u6447\u5300\u3002
\u6807\u5b9a\uff1a
\u53d6\u5728105\u2103\u5e72\u71e5\u81f3\u6052\u91cd\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u90bb\u82ef\u4e8c\u7532\u9178\u6c22\u94be\u7ea60.6g\uff0c\u7cbe\u5bc6\u79f0\u5b9a\uff0c\u52a0\u65b0\u6cb8\u8fc7\u7684\u51b7\u6c3450ml\uff0c\u632f\u6447\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5c3d\u91cf\u6eb6\u89e3\uff1b\u52a0\u915a\u915e\u6307\u793a\u6db22\u6ef4\uff0c\u7528\u672c\u6db2\u6ef4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u8fd1\u7ec8\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u90bb\u82ef\u4e8c\u7532\u9178\u6c22\u94be\u5b8c\u5168\u6eb6\u89e3\uff0c\u6ef4\u5b9a\u81f3\u6eb6\u6db2\u5448\u7c89\u7ea2\u8272\u3002\u6bcf1ml\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6ef4\u5b9a\u6db2\uff080.1mol/L\uff09\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e20.42mg\u7684\u90bb\u82ef\u4e8c\u7532\u9178\u6c22\u94be\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u672c\u6db2\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u91cf\u4e0e\u90bb\u82ef\u4e8c\u7532\u9178\u6c22\u94be\u7684\u53d6\u7528\u91cf\uff0c\u7b97\u51fa\u672c\u6db2\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u3002
\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a
F=M3/\uff080.02042*V\uff09
\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff1a
M3\uff1a\u90bb\u82ef\u4e8c\u7532\u9178\u6c22\u94be\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff08g\uff09\uff1b
V\uff1a\u6ef4\u5b9a\u6240\u8017\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6ef4\u5b9a\u6db2\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\uff08ml\uff09
绛旓細閰嶅埗锛氬彇姘㈡哀鍖栭挔閫傞噺锛屽姞姘存尟鎽囦娇婧惰В鎴愰ケ鍜屾憾娑诧紝鍐峰嵈鍚庯紝缃仛涔欑儻濉戞枡鐡朵腑锛岄潤缃暟鏃ワ紝婢勬竻鍚庡鐢ㄣ傚彇婢勬竻鐨勬阿姘у寲閽犻ケ鍜屾憾娑5.6ml锛屽姞鏂版哺杩囩殑鍐锋按浣挎垚1000ml锛屾憞鍖銆傛爣瀹氾細鍙栧湪105鈩冨共鐕ヨ嚦鎭掗噸鐨勫熀鍑嗛偦鑻簩鐢查吀姘㈤捑绾0.6g锛岀簿瀵嗙О瀹氾紝鍔犳柊娌歌繃鐨勫喎姘50ml锛屾尟鎽囷紝浣垮叾灏介噺婧惰В锛涘姞閰氶厼鎸囩ず娑2...
绛旓細闇瑕佸厛鍑嗗涓鐡剁洂閰革紝鍋囪鍑嗗濂界殑鐩愰吀娴撳害涓36%锛岄渶瑕侀厤缃500mL 1mol/L鐩愰吀婧舵恫鐨勭洂閰告憾娑层傞渶瑕佸厛璁＄畻鍑洪渶瑕佹坊鍔犳祿鐩愰吀鐨勪綋绉細璁＄畻鍏紡濡備笅锛1.1789g/mL脳V脳36%=1mol/L脳0.5L脳36.5g/mol V=43ml 鏍规嵁璁＄畻缁撴灉鍏堝悜瀹瑰櫒涓坊鍔43ml 娴撳害涓36%鐨勬祿鐩愰吀锛屽啀娣诲姞钂搁姘磋嚦500ml鍒诲害澶勩
绛旓細鍒楀紡涓猴細0.1mol/L脳0.1L=2mol/L脳V锛岃В寰梀=0.005mL=5mL锛岀瓟锛氭墍闇2mol/L姘㈡哀鍖栭挔婧舵恫鐨勪綋绉负5mL锛涳紙2锛50mL鐨2mol/L鐨勬阿姘у寲閽犳憾娑插惈姘㈡哀鍖栭挔鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓2mol/L脳0.05L=0.1mol锛屾牴鎹2NaOH-H2SO4鐭ラ亾锛
绛旓細B 璇曢鍒嗘瀽锛瀹為獙瀹閰嶅埗100ml0.1mol/L纰抽吀閽犳憾娑查渶瑕佺殑浠櫒鏄100ml瀹归噺鐡讹紝B姝ｇ‘锛汚鏄垎娑叉紡鏂楋紝C鏄櫘閫氭紡鏂楋紝D鏄泦姘旂摱锛岀瓟妗堥塀銆傜偣璇勶細鍦ㄥ洖绛斿閲忕摱鏃跺繀椤绘敞鏄庡閲忕摱鐨勮鏍笺
绛旓細锛1锛変护闇瑕佽2mol/L姘㈡哀鍖栭挔婧舵恫鐨勪綋绉负V锛屾牴鎹█閲婂畾寰嬶紝绋閲婂墠鍚庢憾璐ㄦ阿姘у寲閽犵殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓嶅彉锛屽垯锛2mol/L脳V=0.1mol/L脳100mL锛岃В寰梀=5mL锛岀瓟锛氭墍闇2mol/L姘㈡哀鍖栭挔婧舵恫鐨勪綋绉负5mL锛涳紙2锛50mL0.1mol/L姘㈡哀鍖栭挔婧舵恫涓阿姘у寲閽犵殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓猴細0.05L脳0.1mol/L=0.005mol锛屾牴鎹瓾Cl...
绛旓細鍙9姣崌鐩愰吀婧朵簬1000姣崌姘翠腑瀹氬鍗充负绾0.01鐨勭洂閰告爣鍑嗘憾娑层傜О鍙0.2000鍏嬬伡鐑у悗鐨勫熀鍑嗙⒊閰搁挔,婧朵簬50姣崌姘翠腑锛屽姞10婊存捍鐢查厷缁-鐢插熀绾㈡贩鍚堟寚绀烘恫锛岀敤閰嶅ソ鐨勭洂閰告爣鍑嗘憾娑叉淮瀹氳嚦缁胯壊鍙樹负鏆楃孩鑹诧紝鐓哺2鍒嗛挓鍦ㄦ淮瀹氳嚦鏆楃孩鑹蹭负缁堢偣銆俢(1/2Na2CO3)=0.1mol/L ...
绛旓細瑕侀厤缃350姣崌0.1mol/L鐨凜aCl2婧舵恫锛岄渶瑕佸噯澶囦互涓嬭瘯鍓傚拰宸ュ叿锛1. CaCl2绮夋湯 2. 鐢靛瓙绉 3. 閲忕瓛 4. 鐑ф澂鎴栧閲忕摱 5. 钂搁姘 鎿嶄綔姝ラ濡備笅锛1. 浣跨敤鐢靛瓙绉ょО鍙栧嚭绾3.65鍏嬬殑CaCl2绮夋湯锛屽姞鍏ュ埌娲佸噣鐨勭儳鏉垨瀹归噺鐡朵腑銆2. 鍔犲叆閫傞噺鐨勮捀棣忔按锛屾悈鎷屾憾瑙aCl2绮夋湯銆傛憾瑙ｆ椂鍙互浣跨敤鐜荤拑妫掔瓑宸ュ叿甯姪鎼呮媽...
绛旓細锛1锛夌敤瀹归噺鐡堕厤鍒舵憾娑诧紝鐢ㄨ兌澶存淮绠″畾瀹癸紱杩橀渶瑕佺敤鍒扮殑浠櫒鏈夛細婧惰В鎴栫█閲婅嵂鍝佺殑鐑ф澂銆佹悈鎷屾垨寮曟祦鐢ㄧ殑鐜荤拑妫掞紝鏁呯瓟妗堜负锛欱D锛涚儳鏉拰鐜荤拑妫掞紱锛2锛堿锛庡閲忕摱鏈夌摱濉烇紝閰嶅埗杩囩▼涓渶瑕佹憞鍖锛屼负浜嗛伩鍏嶆紡娑诧紝浣跨敤瀹归噺鐡跺墠妫楠屾槸鍚︽紡姘达紝鏁匒姝ｇ‘锛汢锛庡閲忕摱涓哄畾閲忎华鍣紝鍙兘鐢ㄤ簬閰嶅埗涓瀹氭祿搴︾殑婧舵恫锛屼笉鑳界敤浜...
绛旓細鎶婂閲忕摱鍙嶅鍊掕浆澶氭锛屾晠D姝ｇ‘锛涙晠绛旀涓猴細BC锛涳紙3锛夐渶瑕0.1mol/LNaOH婧舵恫450mL锛屽疄闄呬笂閰嶅埗鐨勪负500mL鐨勬憾娑诧紝闇瑕佹阿姘у寲閽犵殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓猴細0.1mol/L脳0.5L=0.05mol锛岄渶瑕佹阿姘у寲閽犵殑璐ㄩ噺涓猴細40g/mol脳0.05mol=2.0g锛涘湪瀹為獙涓鍏朵粬鎿嶄綔鍧囨纭紝鑻ュ畾瀹规椂浠拌鍒诲害绾匡紝浼氬鑷村姞鍏ョ殑钂搁姘翠綋绉秴杩...
绛旓細闇瑕佺～閰搁摐鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负0.1mol/L x 0.1L==0.01mol 鍒╃敤鍏冪礌鍘熷瓙涓暟瀹堟亽鐭ラ亾,涓涓猚uso4.5h2o 鍚湁涓涓狢uSO4,鍒檆uso4.5h2o鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎篃鏄0.01mol,鎵浠ヨ川閲忎负0.01molx250g/mol ==2.5g
