金属氧化物与碱是否反应？
\u78b1\u80fd\u5426\u4e0e\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\uff1f\u6309\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u4e2d\u9664\u6c27\u5143\u7d20\u5916\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\u8fd8\u662f\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u5206\uff0c\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u548c\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3002
\u6309\u636e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u5206\u4e3a4\u5927\u7c7b\u3002
\uff081\uff09\u4e0d\u6210\u76d0\u6c27\u5316\u7269
\u65e2\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3002\u5982CO\u3001NO\u7b49\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u4e24\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269
\u65e2\u80fd\u4e0e\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u4e0e\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u5982Al2O3\u7b49\u3002
\uff083\uff09\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269
\u80fd\u8ddf\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3002\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u5927\u591a\u6570\u662f\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u5982CO2\u3001SO2\u3001P2O5\u7b49\uff1b\u4e5f\u6709\u4e9b\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u5982NO\u3001CO\u7b49\uff1b\u4e5f\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u5982Mn2O7\u3001CrO3\u7b49\u80fd\u4e0e\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u662f\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e0e\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u5c31\u662f\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u9519\u4e86\u3002
\u5728\u53d9\u8ff0\u78b1\u7684\u901a\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u78b1\u80fd\u8ddf\u591a\u6570\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\u3002\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u591a\u6570\u201d\u4e8c\u5b57\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002
\uff084\uff09\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269
\u80fd\u8ddf\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3002\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u5927\u591a\u6570\u662f\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u5982Na2O\u3001CaO\u3001CuO\u7b49\uff1b\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4e9b\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u5982Mn2O7\u3001CrO3\u7b49\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0cAl2O3\u7b49\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e24\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e0e\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u5c31\u662f\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u201d\u663e\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002
\u5728\u53d9\u8ff0\u9178\u7684\u901a\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u9178\u80fd\u8ddf\u67d0\u4e9b\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u8d77\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u548c\u6c34\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u67d0\u4e9b\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3002
\u78b1\u4f1a\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e9b\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u5417
碱性金属氧化物不与碱反应,如Na2O,CuO,Fe2O3等
两性金属氧化物可与强碱反应,如Al2O3,ZnO等
酸性金属氧化物也可与强碱反应,如Mn2O7,CrO3等
反应
绛旓細纰卞彲浠ヤ笌閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╁弽搴锛屽洜涓哄綋閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╀负涓ゆф哀鍖栫墿鏃讹紝閭ｄ箞璇ユ哀鍖栫墿閬囧己閰稿憟纰辨э紝閬囧己纰卞憟閰告э紝璇ユ哀鍖栫墿鏃㈣兘涓庨吀鍙嶅簲锛屼篃鑳戒笌纰卞弽搴旓紝閮芥槸鐢熸垚鐩愬拰姘淬傞噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿鏄寚姘у厓绱犱笌鍙﹀涓绉嶉噾灞炲寲瀛﹀厓绱犵粍鎴愮殑浜屽厓鍖栧悎鐗╋紝濡傛哀鍖栭搧(Fe?O?)銆佹哀鍖栭挔(Na?O)绛夈傞噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿鍖呮嫭纰辨ф哀鍖栫墿銆侀吀鎬ф哀鍖...
绛旓細纰辨ч噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿涓嶄笌纰卞弽搴,濡侼a2O,CuO,Fe2O3绛 涓ゆч噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿鍙笌寮虹⒈鍙嶅簲,濡侫l2O3,ZnO绛 閰告ч噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿涔熷彲涓庡己纰卞弽搴,濡侻n2O7,CrO3绛
绛旓細閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╀笌纰变竴鑸笉鍙戠敓鍙嶅簲锛岄噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿鏄寚姘у厓绱犱笌鍙﹀涓绉嶉噾灞炲寲瀛﹀厓绱犵粍鎴愮殑浜屽厓鍖栧悎鐗╋紝濡傛哀鍖栭搧(Fe?O?)銆佹哀鍖栭挔(Na?O)绛夈傞噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿鍖呮嫭纰辨ф哀鍖栫墿銆侀吀鎬ф哀鍖栫墿銆佽繃姘у寲鐗┿佽秴姘у寲鐗┿佷袱鎬ф哀鍖栫墿銆傞噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿鍦ㄦ棩甯哥敓娲讳腑搴旂敤骞挎硾銆傜敓鐭崇伆鏄竴绉嶅父鐢ㄧ殑骞茬嚗鍓傦紝涔熷彲鐢ㄤ簬娑堟瘨;姘у寲閾(Fe2O3...
绛旓細鍙嶅簲銆傞噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿涓庣⒈鍙嶅簲锛屽舰鎴愰噾灞炵⒈鍜屾按銆傚叾鍙嶅簲鏂圭▼寮忎负M2O+2NaOH鈫2NaM+2H2O锛屽叾涓紝M2O琛ㄧず閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╋紝NaOH琛ㄧず纰憋紝NaM琛ㄧず閲戝睘纰憋紝H2O琛ㄧず姘淬
绛旓細鏌愪簺閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╁彲浠ュ拰纰卞弽搴锛屽叿浣撴潵璇村氨鏄噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿閰告ф哀鍖栫墿涓庨噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿涓ゆф哀鍖栫墿銆1銆侀噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿涓ゆф哀鍖栫墿锛屽涓夋哀鍖栦簩閾濊兘涓庣⒈鍙嶅簲銆2銆侀噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿閰告ф哀鍖栫墿锛屽涓冩哀鍖栦簩閿般佹哀鍖栭摤鑳戒笌纰卞弽搴斻
绛旓細纰卞拰閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╁弽搴锛岄噾灞炴哀鍖栫墿鏄寚姘у厓绱犱笌鍙﹀涓绉嶉噾灞炲寲瀛﹀厓绱犵粍鎴愮殑浜屽厓鍖栧悎鐗╋紝鍖呮嫭閾傦紝閲戝湪鍐呯殑鎵鏈夐噾灞為兘鏈夌浉搴旂殑閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╋紝鍙樹环閲戝睘涓鑸湁澶氱姘у寲鐗┿纰辨姘у寲鐗╂槸鎸囪兘涓庨吀璧峰弽搴旂敓鎴愮洂鍜屾按鐨勬哀鍖栫墿銆傜⒈鎬ф哀鍖栫墿涓瀹氭槸閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╋紝姘у寲閽欍佹哀鍖栭挔銆佹哀鍖栭晛銆佹哀鍖栭挕銆佹哀鍖栭搧銆佹哀鍖栭摐绛夊ぇ澶氭暟...
绛旓細閲戝睘姘у寲鐗澶ч兘鏄⒈鎬ф哀鍖栫墿锛屼竴鑸笉鑳涓庣⒈鍙嶅簲锛屼絾鏈夌殑閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╂槸涓ゆф哀鍖栫墿锛堜笁姘у寲浜岄摑銆佹哀鍖栭攲绛夛級锛屼粬浠槸鍜屽己纰锛堟阿姘у寲閽犵瓑锛夊弽搴旂殑銆傛敞锛氬己纰便
绛旓細纰卞彲浠ヤ笌閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╁弽搴銆傚洜涓哄綋閲戝睘姘у寲涓轰负涓ゆф哀鍖栫墿鏃讹紝閭ｄ箞璇ユ哀鍖栫墿閬囧己閰稿憟纰辨э紝閬囧己纰卞憟閰告э紝璇ユ哀鍖栫墿鏃㈣兘涓庨吀鍙嶅簲锛屼篃鑳涓庣⒈鍙嶅簲銆傞兘鏄敓鎴愮洂鍜屾按銆備緥濡備袱鎬ф哀鍖栫墿姘у寲閾滱l₂O₃涓庢阿姘у寲閽犲弽搴旓紝鍙嶅簲鏂圭▼寮忓涓嬨侫l₂O₃+2NaOH= 2NaAlO₂+H₂O 鍗...
绛旓細鏌愪簺閲戝睘姘у寲鐗鍙互鍙嶅簲锛屽叿浣撴潵璇村氨鏄吀鎬姘у寲鐗╀笌涓ゆф哀鍖栫墿 鍙堬紝閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╁垎涓哄洓绫 1涓嶆垚鐩愭哀鍖栫墿锛屽MnO2 2閰告ф哀鍖栫墿锛屽CrO3,Mn2O7 3纰辨姘у寲鐗╋紝濡侳eO 4涓ゆф哀鍖栫墿銆傚ZnO,Al2O3
绛旓細鏍规嵁鏌ヨ鐖遍棶鐭ヨ瘑浜鸿祫鏂欐樉绀猴紝纰卞彲浠ヤ笌閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╁弽搴銆傚洜涓哄綋閲戝睘姘у寲涓轰负涓ゆф哀鍖栫墿鏃讹紝閭ｄ箞璇ユ哀鍖栫墿閬囧己閰稿憟纰辨э紝閬囧己纰卞憟閰告э紝璇ユ哀鍖栫墿鏃㈣兘涓庨吀鍙嶅簲锛屼篃鑳涓庣⒈鍙嶅簲锛岄兘鏄敓鎴愮洂鍜屾按銆傜⒈鎬ф哀鍖栫墿涓瀹氭槸閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╋紝姘у寲閽欍佹哀鍖栭挔銆佹哀鍖栭晛銆佹哀鍖栭挕銆佹哀鍖栭搧銆佹哀鍖栭摐绛夊ぇ澶氭暟閲戝睘姘у寲鐗╂槸纰辨ф哀鍖栫墿...
