汉译英现在完成时和过去式的区别 英语现在完成时和一般过去时的区别与用法
\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u6001\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd,\u800c\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u6001\u53ea\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c,\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f3a\u8c03\u5f71\u54cd\u6216\u7ed3\u679c,\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50:
1.I have posted the letter.
2.I went to post the letter yesterday.
1\u53e5\u8868\u793a\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c06\u4fe1\u5bc4\u8d70\u4e86.2\u53e5\u53ea\u8868\u793a\u6628\u5929\u53bb\u5bc4\u4fe1\u4e86,\u81f3\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u5bc4\u51fa\u5e76\u6ca1\u4ea4\u5f85,\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u534a\u8def\u7ed9\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86.
3.I have read the book.
4.I read the book yesterday.
3\u53e5\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bfb\u8fc7\u4e86,\u5373\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u4e66\u7684\u5927\u81f4\u5185\u5bb94\u53e5\u53ea\u8868\u793a\u6628\u5929\u8bfb\u4e66\u4e86,\u81f3\u4e8e\u8bfb\u6ca1\u8bfb\u5b8c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea4\u5f85.
\u518d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u6001\u8f83\u65f6\u663e\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u6001\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7528,\u53ea\u4e0ealready,just,ever,never,yet,before, so far,since+ \u65f6\u95f4\u70b9 for+\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u8fde\u7528,\u800c\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u6001\u90fd\u6709\u6bd4\u8f83\u660e\u663e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u5982yesteday,last week, several years ago,\u7b49\u7b49\u8fde\u7528.
\u4e3a\u60a8\u89e3\u7b54\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5e72\u4e86\u67d0\u4e8b\u3002\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4e8b\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5c5e\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002\u6bd4\u5982I finished my homework.\u6211\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u4f5c\u4e1a\u90fd\u505a\u5b8c\u4e86\u3002\u800cI have finished my homework.\u867d\u7136\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f46\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7231\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\u5c31\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e86\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u53e5\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u6001\u53e5\u578b\u53c2\u8003\u8868\u3002
例如：i saw a film last night.过去时表达看了
i have seen it twice. 完成时表达看过，并且两遍（影响）
i have lived here since i was born.动作持续发生
如果你是学生，为了汉译英考试，就得格外注意每个事态的标志性时间状语
现在完成时是 主要看时间是不是延续到当前同时时间是一个时间段，而不是一个点；还有就是表示动作的词语是不是持续性的还是瞬间的，比如眨眼间，这就是一个短时间的动作，要用过去式，
真正的高手是不会在乎时态的。不必在乎时态，只要理解就好。
通常而言，过去的时间用过去式。
现在的事情和客观真理用现在时态。
绛旓細杩囧幓鏃跺氨琛ㄨ揪鍙戠敓鍦ㄨ繃鍘荤殑涓涓簨瀹烇紝鑰岀幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂琛ㄨ揪杩囧幓鐨勮繖涓簨瀹炲浣犵幇鍦ㄦ湁褰卞搷锛屼篃鍙〃杈捐繃鍘荤殑鍔ㄤ綔鎸佺画鍒扮幇鍦ㄣ備緥濡傦細i saw a film last night.杩囧幓鏃惰〃杈剧湅浜 i have seen it twice. 瀹屾垚鏃惰〃杈剧湅杩囷紝骞朵笖涓ら亶锛堝奖鍝嶏級i have lived here since i was born.鍔ㄤ綔鎸佺画鍙戠敓 濡傛灉浣犳槸瀛︾敓锛屼负浜...
绛旓細杩囧幓鏃跺己璋冭繃鍘绘煇涓椂闂寸偣鍙戠敓鐨勫姩浣滐紝鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃跺己璋冭繃鍘荤殑鍔ㄤ綔瀵圭幇鍦ㄧ殑褰卞搷銆俰 bought a coat鍙槸璇存垜涔颁簡涓浠惰。鏈嶏紙寮鸿皟鍔ㄤ綔鏈韩锛夛紝 i have bought a coat 鏇翠晶閲嶆垜鐜板湪鏈変竴浠惰。鏈嶏紙瀵圭幇鍦ㄧ殑褰卞搷锛夈傚彞涓湁鍏蜂綋鏃堕棿鐐圭殑瑕佺敤杩囧幓寮忥紝濡倅esterday,last month,just now,in 2008绛夌瓑锛涘彞涓湁琛ㄧず鍔...
绛旓細姒傚康涓嶅悓锛 (1)瀵逛簬杩囧幓宸茬粡鍙戠敓鑰屼笖缁撴潫鐨勫姩浣滐細涓鑸繃鍘绘椂寮鸿皟浣曟椂浣曞湴鍋氫簡浣曚簨锛屽苟涓嶈鏄庤窡鐜板湪鐨勫叧绯伙紱鑰岀幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂寮鸿皟瀵圭幇鍦ㄤ骇鐢熺殑缁撴灉鎴栧奖鍝嶃傚 I bought a ticket yesterday. (寮鸿皟鎴戞槰澶╁仛鐨勪竴浠朵簨鏄拱绁) / I have already bought a ticket. (寮鸿皟鎴戝凡缁忔湁绁ㄤ簡锛屾棤椤诲啀鎯﹁绁ㄧ殑浜嬪効浜...
绛旓細涓よ呯殑鍖哄埆鍏蜂綋鍖呮嫭锛1銆鐜板湪瀹屾垚寮鸿皟杩囧幓鐨勫姩浣滃鐜板湪鐨勫奖鍝嶏紝涓鑸繃鍘诲彧琛ㄧず杩囧幓鐨勬煇涓叿浣撴椂闂撮噷鍙戠敓鐨勫姩浣滐紝涓庣幇鍦ㄦ病鑱旂郴銆係he left here five minutes ago.锛堝氨璇存槑璧颁簡锛塖he has left.锛堝己璋冪幇鍦ㄤ笉鍦ㄨ繖浜嗭級2銆傜幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愯〃绀哄姩浣滀粠杩囧幓寮濮嬶紝鍙兘杩樿寤剁画涓嬪幓銆備竴鑸繃鍘昏鏄庡姩浣滃凡缁撴潫銆侶e worked in...
绛旓細涓よ呴兘鏄幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂锛屼絾鏄湁宸埆銆have been in 鏄鍘诲埌鏌愪釜鍦版柟娌¤蛋锛屼竴鐩村緟鍦ㄩ偅閲锛汭 have been in America for 3 years.鎴戝凡缁忓湪缇庡浗鍛嗕簡3骞翠簡銆傦紙鎴戠幇鍦ㄤ緷鐒跺湪缇庡浗銆傦級have been to鏄鈥滃幓杩団濓紝鐜板湪涓嶅湪閭ｉ噷浜嗐備絾鏄畠涓嶆槸杩囧幓鏃讹紝鎵浠ヤ笉鑳藉儚浜屾ゼ鐨勯偅涓緥瀛愮敤5 years ago.涓句釜渚嬪瓙锛...
绛旓細鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃跺拰涓鑸杩囧幓鏃剁殑鍖哄埆濡備笅锛氣憼鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃跺己璋冪殑鏄笌鐜板湪鐨勫叧绯伙紝濡傚鐜板湪浜х敓鐨勭粨鏋滄垨褰卞搷绛夛紝灞炰簬鐜板湪鏃鑼冨洿锛岃皥璁虹殑鏄幇鍦ㄧ殑鎯呭喌銆傝屼竴鑸繃鍘绘椂鍙〃绀哄姩浣滃湪杩囧幓鏌愪竴鏃跺埢鍙戠敓锛屼笉琛ㄧず鍜岀幇鍦ㄧ殑鍏崇郴锛岀幇鍦ㄦ儏鍐靛彲鑳藉凡鍙戠敓鍙樺寲銆傗憽鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃朵笉鑳戒笌鏄庣‘鐨勮繃鍘绘椂闂寸姸璇繛鐢紝濡傦細threedaysago,lastyear...
绛旓細1銆杩囧幓寮锛氭椂闂寸偣鍙湪杩囧幓 (time of the action is known锛 鐭ラ亾浣曟椂鍙戠敓)鐜板湪瀹屾垚锛氭椂闂寸偣浠庤繃鍘诲埌鐜板湪 (time of the action is unknow, 涓嶇煡閬撲粈涔堟椂鍊欏彂鐢)渚嬶細杩囧幓寮忥細 TVXQ released their first single "HUG" in 2002. 涓滄柟绁炶捣鍦2002骞村彂琛ㄤ簡浠栦滑鐨勭涓寮犲崟鏇 (浠栦滑鐜板湪鍙兘宸茬粡鍙戣〃浜嗙...
绛旓細He visited Guilin in 1998.浠1998骞村弬瑙傝繃妗傛灄.(鍙鏄庡幓妗傛灄鐨勬椂闂) 鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃琛ㄧず鍔ㄤ綔鍙戠敓鍦ㄨ繃鍘,瀵圭幇鍦ㄩ犳垚浜嗗奖鍝嶆垨浜х敓浜嗙粨鏋.涓嶄笌纭畾鐨勮繃鍘绘椂闂寸姸璇繛鐢.濡傦細Jill has bought a new computer.鍚夊皵涔颁簡涓鍙版柊鐢佃剳.锛堢潃閲嶇偣鏄幇鍦ㄦ湁浜嗕竴鍙版柊鐢佃剳锛 涓ょ鏃舵鐨勫尯鍒 涓鑸杩囧幓鏃閫氬父涓庤〃绀鸿繃鍘荤殑...
