(三选一)【选修5:有机化学基础】有机化合物A→G的转化关系如图所示。 已知以下信息: ①

\u8c01\u80fd\u5e2e\u6211\u7406\u4e00\u4e0b\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5316\u5b66\u5404\u79cd\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u9664\u6742\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5c31\u5fc5\u4fee2\u548c\u9009\u4fee\u300a\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u300b\uff09

1\u3001\u6c14\u6001\u70f7\uff08\u6c14\u6001\u70ef\u3001\u7094\uff09
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1a\u6eb4\u6c34\u3001\u6d53\u6eb4\u6c34\u3001\u6eb4\u7684\u56db\u6c2f\u5316\u78b3\u6eb6\u6db2 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u6d17\u6c14 \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u9178\u6027\u9ad8\u9530\u9178\u94be\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002 \u539f\u7406\uff1a\u6c14\u6001\u70ef\u3001\u7094\u4e2d\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u7684\u53cc\u952e\u3001\u53c1\u952e\u53ef\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e0d\u6325\u53d1\u7684\u6eb4\u4ee3\u70f7
2\u3001\u6c7d\u6cb9\u3001\u7164\u6cb9\u3001\u67f4\u6cb9\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff08\u8bf4\u767d\u4e86\u5c31\u662f\u77f3\u6cb9\u7684\u5206\u998f\uff09
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1a\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5206\u998f \u539f\u7406\uff1a\u5404\u77f3\u6cb9\u4ea7\u54c1\u6cb8\u70b9\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002
3\u3001\u4e59\u70ef\uff08CO2\u3001SO2\u3001H2O\u3001\u5fae\u91cf\u4e59\u9187\u84b8\u6c14\uff09
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1aNaOH\u6eb6\u6db2 - \u6d53\u786b\u9178 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u6d17\u6c14 \u539f\u7406\uff1aCO2\u3001SO2\u53ef\u4e0eNaOH\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u76d0\u800c\u88ab\u9664\u53bb\uff0c\u4e59\u9187\u84b8\u6c14NaOH\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u6c34\u540e\u6eb6\u88ab\u9664\u53bb\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\u53ef\u88ab\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u5438\u6536\u3002
4\u3001\u4e59\u7094\uff08H2S\u3001PH3\u3001H2O\uff09
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1aCuSO4\u6eb6\u6db2 - \u6d53\u786b\u9178 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u6d17\u6c14 \u539f\u7406\uff1aH2S\u3001PH3\u53ef\u4e0eCuSO4\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u4e0d\u6eb6\u7269\u800c\u88ab\u9664\u53bb\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\u53ef\u88ab\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u5438\u6536\u3002
5\u3001\u7532\u70f7\u3001\u4e00\u6c2f\u7532\u70f7\u3001\u4e8c\u6c2f\u7532\u70f7\u3001\u4e09\u6c2f\u7532\u70f7\u3001\u56db\u6c2f\u7532\u70f7\u7684\u5206\u79bb
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1a\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5206\u998f \u539f\u7406\uff1a\u6cb8\u70b9\u4e0d\u540c\u3002
6\u3001\u6eb4\u82ef\uff08Br2\uff09
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1aNaOH\u6eb6\u6db2 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5206\u6db2 \u539f\u7406\uff1aBr2\u53ef\u4e0eNaOH\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u76d0\uff0c\u7cfb\u5f3a\u6781\u6027\u79bb\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u82ef\u800c\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff08\u76f8\u4f3c\u76f8\u5bb9\u539f\u7406\uff09\u3002
7\u3001\u785d\u57fa\u82ef\uff08HNO3\u3001\u6c34\uff09
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1a\u6c34\u3001 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5206\u6db2 \u539f\u7406\uff1a\u7b49\u4e8e\u662f\u7528\u6c34\u8403\u53d6\u785d\u57fa\u82ef\u4e2d\u7684\u785d\u9178\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u7406\u89c1\u201c\u8403\u53d6\u201d\u3002 TNT\u3001\u82e6\u5473\u9178\u9664\u6742\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
8\u3001\u6c14\u6001\u5364\u4ee3\u70c3\uff08\u5364\u5316\u6c22\uff09
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1a\u6c34 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u6d17\u6c14\uff08\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u5012\u5438\u88c5\u7f6e\uff09 \u539f\u7406\uff1a\u5364\u5316\u6c22\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff0c\u53ef\u88ab\u6c34\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u6c14\u6001\u5364\u4ee3\u70c3\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3002
9\u3001\u4e59\u9187\uff08\u6c34\u6216\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\uff09
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1aCaO\u3001\u78b1\u77f3\u7070 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u84b8\u998f \u539f\u7406\uff1aCaO\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e0d\u6325\u53d1\u7684Ca(OH)2\uff0c\u6545\u53ea\u4f1a\u84b8\u998f\u51fa\u65e0\u6c34\u7684\u4e59\u9187\u3002
10\u3001\u82ef\uff08\u82ef\u915a\uff09
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1aNaOH\u6eb6\u6db2 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5206\u6db2 \u539f\u7406\uff1a\u82ef\u915a\u53ef\u4e0eNaOH\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u82ef\u915a\u94a0\uff0c\u7cfb\u5f3a\u6781\u6027\u79bb\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u82ef\u800c\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff08\u76f8\u4f3c\u76f8\u5bb9\u539f\u7406\uff09\u3002
11\u3001\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\uff08\u4e59\u9187\u3001\u4e59\u9178\u3001\u6c34\uff09
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1a\u6d53\u786b\u9178+\u9971\u548cNa2CO3\u6eb6\u6db2 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u84b8\u998f+\u5206\u6db2 \u539f\u7406\uff1a\u4e59\u9178\u4e0e\u4e59\u9187\u53d1\u751f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\u548c\u6c34\uff0c\u56db\u8005\u5171\u540c\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u53cd\u5e94\u5bb9\u5668\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u6d53\u786b\u9178\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6c34\u3001\u4e59\u9187\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u84b8\u53d1\u51fa\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e59\u9178\u4e0e\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\u540c\u65f6\u88ab\u84b8\u53d1\u51fa\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u51b7\u51dd\u6ef4\u5165\u76db\u6709\u9971\u548c\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e59\u9178\u4e0e\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3001\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\u7684\u4e59\u9178\u94a0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e0e\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\u5206\u5f00\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6db2\u5373\u53ef\u9664\u53bb\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\u3002
12\u3001\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\uff08\u6c34\u6216\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\uff09
\u9664\u6742\u8bd5\u5242\uff1a\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5 \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5206\u6db2 \u539f\u7406\uff1a\u4e8c\u8005\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4e92\u6eb6\u3002

1\ ....
2:\u8d28\u91cf\u6bd4\u662f24:5,C\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u662f12,\u6c22\u662f1,\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u6bd4\u662f2:5,\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u662fC2xH5x;
\u53e6\u5916\u4ed6\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u90a3\u4e48\u5c0f,\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6c14\u4f53\u4e86,\u8fd8\u6839\u636e\u51e0\u4e2a\u70c3\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u901a\u5f0f(CxH2x\CxH2x+1\CxH2x+2)\u5c31\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u662fx=1\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd,=2\u5c31\u53ea\u6709C4H10,=3\u30014\u30015...\u4e5f\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd,

(1) ;碳碳双键
(2)2CH 3 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 OH+O 2 2CH 3 CH(CH 3 )CHO+2H 2 O
(3)CH 3 CH(CH 3 )COOH+C 6 H 5 CH 2 OH CH 3 CH(CH 3 )COOCH 2 C 6 H 5 +H 2 O
(4)消去反应;氧化反应
(5)3;CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 Br、CH 3 CH 2 CHBrCH 3
(6)



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