求高一化学必修一的所有化学方程式! 要详细一点 求高中化学必修一所有化学方程式和对应的离子方程式 谢了
\u9ad8\u4e00\u5316\u5b66\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e00\u6240\u6709\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5fc5\u4fee1\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u603b\u7ed3
1\u3001\u786b\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c: BaCl2 + Na2SO4 = BaSO4\u2193+ 2NaCl
2\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c: CaCl2 + Na2CO3 = CaCO3\u2193 + 2NaCl
3\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u4e0e\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94: Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2O + CO2\u2191
4\u3001\u6728\u70ad\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94dc: 2CuO + C \u9ad8\u6e29 2Cu + CO2\u2191
5\u3001\u94c1\u7247\u4e0e\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94: Fe + CuSO4 = FeSO4 + Cu
6\u3001\u6c2f\u5316\u9499\u4e0e\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCaCl2 + Na2CO3 = CaCO3\u2193+ 2NaCl
7\u3001\u94a0\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2Na + O2 \u25b3 Na2O2
\u94a0\u4e0e\u6c27\u6c14\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a4Na + O2 = 2Na2O
8\u3001\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2Na2O2 + 2H2O = 4NaOH + O2\u2191
9\u3001\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u4e0e\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2Na2O2 + 2CO2 = 2Na2CO3 + O2
10\u3001\u94a0\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2Na + 2H2O = 2NaOH + H2\u2191
11\u3001\u94c1\u4e0e\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a3Fe + 4H2O(g) = F3O4 + 4H2\u2191
12\u3001\u94dd\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O = 2NaAlO2 + 3H2\u2191
13\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u9499\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCaO + H2O = Ca(OH)2
14\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u4e0e\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFe2O3 + 6HCl = 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
15\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u4e0e\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aAl2O3 + 6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
16\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aAl2O3 + 2NaOH = 2NaAlO2 + H2O
17\u3001\u6c2f\u5316\u94c1\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFeCl3 + 3NaOH = Fe(OH)3\u2193+ 3NaCl
18\u3001\u786b\u9178\u4e9a\u94c1\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFeSO4 + 2NaOH = Fe(OH)2\u2193+ Na2SO4
19\u3001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u4e9a\u94c1\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u6210\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\uff1a4Fe(OH)2 + 2H2O + O2 = 4Fe(OH)3
20\u3001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u52a0\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\uff1a2Fe(OH)3 \u25b3 Fe2O3 + 3H2O\u2191
21\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u53d6\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\uff1aAl2(SO4)3 + 6NH3•H2O = 2Al(OH)3\u2193 + 3(NH3)2SO4
22\u3001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u4e0e\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aAl(OH)3 + 3HCl = AlCl3 + 3H2O
23\u3001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aAl(OH)3 + NaOH = NaAlO2 + 2H2O
24\u3001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u52a0\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\uff1a2Al(OH)3 \u25b3 Al2O3 + 3H2O
25\u3001\u4e09\u6c2f\u5316\u94c1\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e0e\u94c1\u7c89\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2FeCl3 + Fe = 3FeCl2
26\u3001\u6c2f\u5316\u4e9a\u94c1\u4e2d\u901a\u5165\u6c2f\u6c14\uff1a2FeCl2 + Cl2 = 2FeCl3
27\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aSiO2 + 4HF = SiF4 + 2H2O
\u7845\u5355\u8d28\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aSi + 4HF = SiF4 + 2H2\u2191
28\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u4e0e\u6c27\u5316\u9499\u9ad8\u6e29\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aSiO2 + CaO \u9ad8\u6e29 CaSiO3
29\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aSiO2 + 2NaOH = Na2SiO3 + H2O
30\u3001\u5f80\u7845\u9178\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u901a\u5165\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff1aNa2SiO3 + CO2 + H2O = Na2CO3 + H2SiO3\u2193
31\u3001\u7845\u9178\u94a0\u4e0e\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aNa2SiO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2SiO3\u2193
32\u3001\u6c2f\u6c14\u4e0e\u91d1\u5c5e\u94c1\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2Fe + 3Cl2 \u70b9\u71c3 2FeCl3
33\u3001\u6c2f\u6c14\u4e0e\u91d1\u5c5e\u94dc\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCu + Cl2 \u70b9\u71c3 CuCl2
34\u3001\u6c2f\u6c14\u4e0e\u91d1\u5c5e\u94a0\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2Na + Cl2 \u70b9\u71c3 2NaCl
35\u3001\u6c2f\u6c14\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCl2 + H2O = HCl + HClO
36\u3001\u6b21\u6c2f\u9178\u5149\u7167\u5206\u89e3\uff1a2HClO \u5149\u7167 2HCl + O2\u2191
37\u3001\u6c2f\u6c14\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCl2 + 2NaOH = NaCl + NaClO + H2O
38\u3001\u6c2f\u6c14\u4e0e\u6d88\u77f3\u7070\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2Cl2 + 2Ca(OH)2 = CaCl2 + Ca(ClO)2 + 2H2O
39\u3001\u76d0\u9178\u4e0e\u785d\u9178\u94f6\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aHCl + AgNO3 = AgCl\u2193 + HNO3
40\u3001\u6f02\u767d\u7c89\u957f\u671f\u7f6e\u9732\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\uff1aCa(ClO)2 + H2O + CO2 = CaCO3\u2193 + 2HClO
41\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aSO2 + H2O \u2248 H2SO3
42\u3001\u6c2e\u6c14\u4e0e\u6c27\u6c14\u5728\u653e\u7535\u4e0b\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aN2 + O2 \u653e\u7535 2NO
43\u3001\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u4e0e\u6c27\u6c14\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2NO + O2 = 2NO2
44\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a3NO2 + H2O = 2HNO3 + NO
45\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u4e0e\u6c27\u6c14\u5728\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2SO2 + O2 \u50ac\u5316\u5242 2SO3
46\u3001\u4e09\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aSO3 + H2O = H2SO4
47\u3001\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u4e0e\u94dc\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCu + 2H2SO4(\u6d53) \u25b3 CuSO4 + 2H2O + SO2\u2191
48\u3001\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u4e0e\u6728\u70ad\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aC + 2H2SO4(\u6d53) \u25b3 CO2 \u2191+ 2SO2\u2191 + 2H2O
49\u3001\u6d53\u785d\u9178\u4e0e\u94dc\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCu + 4HNO3(\u6d53) = Cu(NO3)2 + 2H2O + 2NO2\u2191
50\u3001\u7a00\u785d\u9178\u4e0e\u94dc\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a3Cu + 8HNO3(\u7a00) \u25b3 3Cu(NO3)2 + 4H2O + 2NO\u2191
51\u3001\u6c28\u6c34\u53d7\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\uff1aNH3•H2O \u25b3 NH3\u2191 + H2O
52\u3001\u6c28\u6c14\u4e0e\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aNH3 + HCl = NH4Cl
53\u3001\u6c2f\u5316\u94f5\u53d7\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\uff1aNH4Cl \u25b3 NH3\u2191 + HCl\u2191
54\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u6c22\u6c28\u53d7\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\uff1aNH4HCO3 \u25b3 NH3\u2191 + H2O\u2191 + CO2\u2191
55\u3001\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aNH4NO3 + NaOH \u25b3 NH3\u2191 + NaNO3 + H2O
56\u3001\u6c28\u6c14\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u53d6\uff1a2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 \u25b3 CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3\u2191
57\u3001\u6c2f\u6c14\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c14\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCl2 + H2 \u70b9\u71c3 2HCl
58\u3001\u786b\u9178\u94f5\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\uff08NH4\uff092SO4 + 2NaOH \u25b3 2NH3\u2191 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O
59\u3001SO2 + CaO = CaSO3
60\u3001SO2 + 2NaOH = Na2SO3 + H2O
61\u3001SO2 + Ca(OH)2 = CaSO3\u2193 + H2O
62\u3001SO2 + Cl2 + 2H2O = 2HCl + H2SO4
63\u3001SO2 + 2H2S = 3S + 2H2O
64\u3001NO\u3001NO2\u7684\u56de\u6536\uff1aNO2 + NO + 2NaOH = 2NaNO2 + H2O
65\u3001Si + 2F2 = SiF4
66\u3001Si + 2NaOH + H2O = NaSiO3 +2H2\u2191
67\u3001\u7845\u5355\u8d28\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u6cd5\uff1a\u7c97\u7845\u7684\u5236\u53d6\uff1aSiO2 + 2C \u9ad8\u6e29\u7535\u7089 Si + 2CO
\uff08\u77f3\u82f1\u6c99\uff09\uff08\u7126\u78b3\uff09 \uff08\u7c97\u7845\uff09
\u7c97\u7845\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u7eaf\u7845\uff1aSi\uff08\u7c97\uff09 + 2Cl2 \u25b3 SiCl4
SiCl4 + 2H2 \u9ad8\u6e29 Si\uff08\u7eaf\uff09+ 4HCl
\u5316\u5408\u53cd\u5e94
1\u3001\u9541\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2Mg + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2MgO
2\u3001\u94c1\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a3Fe + 2O2 \u70b9\u71c3 Fe3O4
3\u3001\u94dd\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a4Al + 3O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2Al2O3
4\u3001\u6c22\u6c14\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2H2 + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2H2O
5\u3001\u7ea2\u78f7\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a4P + 5O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2P2O5
6\u3001\u786b\u7c89\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a S + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 SO2
7\u3001\u78b3\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u5145\u5206\u71c3\u70e7\uff1aC + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 CO2
8\u3001\u78b3\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2C + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2CO
9\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u901a\u8fc7\u707c\u70ed\u78b3\u5c42\uff1a C + CO2 \u9ad8\u6e29 2CO
10\u3001\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2CO + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2CO2
11\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u548c\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u901a\u5165\u7d2b\u8272\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\uff09\uff1aCO2 + H2O === H2CO3
12\u3001\u751f\u77f3\u7070\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1aCaO + H2O === Ca(OH)2
13\u3001\u65e0\u6c34\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u4f5c\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\uff1aCuSO4 + 5H2O ==== CuSO4?5H2O
14\u3001\u94a0\u5728\u6c2f\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2Na + Cl2\u70b9\u71c3 2NaCl
\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94
15\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7528\u53cc\u6c27\u6c34\u5236\u6c27\u6c14\uff1a2H2O2 MnO2 2H2O+ O2\u2191
16\u3001\u52a0\u70ed\u9ad8\u9530\u9178\u94be\uff1a2KMnO4 \u52a0\u70ed K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2\u2191
17\u3001\u6c34\u5728\u76f4\u6d41\u7535\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u5206\u89e3\uff1a2H2O \u901a\u7535 2H2\u2191+ O2 \u2191
18\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u800c\u5206\u89e3\uff1aH2CO3 === H2O + CO2\u2191
19\u3001\u9ad8\u6e29\u7145\u70e7\u77f3\u7070\u77f3\uff08\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u5de5\u4e1a\u5236\u6cd5\uff09\uff1aCaCO3 \u9ad8\u6e29 CaO + CO2\u2191
\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94
20\u3001\u94c1\u548c\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFe + CuSO4 == FeSO4 + Cu
21\u3001\u950c\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u6c22\u6c14\uff09\uff1aZn + H2SO4 == ZnSO4 + H2\u2191
22\u3001\u9541\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aMg+ 2HCl === MgCl2 + H2\u2191
23\u3001\u6c22\u6c14\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\uff1aH2 + CuO \u52a0\u70ed Cu + H2O
24\u3001\u6728\u70ad\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\uff1aC+ 2CuO \u9ad8\u6e29 2Cu + CO2\u2191
25\u3001\u7532\u70f7\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1aCH4 + 2O2 \u70b9\u71c3 CO2 + 2H2O
26\u3001\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\u901a\u8fc7\u707c\u70ed\u78b3\u5c42\uff1aH2O + C \u9ad8\u6e29 H2 + CO
27\u3001\u7126\u70ad\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\uff1a3C+ 2Fe2O3 \u9ad8\u6e29 4Fe + 3CO2\u2191
\u5176\u4ed6
28\u3001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e0e\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2NaOH + CuSO4 == Cu(OH)2\u2193 + Na2SO4
29\u3001\u7532\u70f7\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1aCH4 + 2O2 \u70b9\u71c3 CO2 + 2H2O
30\u3001\u9152\u7cbe\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1aC2H5OH + 3O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2CO2 + 3H2O
31\u3001\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\uff1aCO+ CuO \u52a0\u70ed Cu + CO2
32\u3001\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\uff1a3CO+ Fe2O3 \u9ad8\u6e29 2Fe + 3CO2
33\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u901a\u8fc7\u6f84\u6e05\u77f3\u7070\u6c34\uff08\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff09\uff1aCa(OH)2 + CO2 ==== CaCO3 \u2193+ H2O
34\u3001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u548c\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u9664\u53bb\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff09\uff1a2NaOH + CO2 ==== Na2CO3 + H2O
35\u3001\u77f3\u7070\u77f3\uff08\u6216\u5927\u7406\u77f3\uff09\u4e0e\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u6cd5\uff09\uff1aCaCO3 + 2HCl === CaCl2 + H2O + CO2\u2191
36\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u4e0e\u6d53\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u6ce1\u6cab\u706d\u706b\u5668\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff09: Na2CO3 + 2HCl === 2NaCl + H2O + CO2\u2191
\u4e00\uff0e \u7269\u8d28\u4e0e\u6c27\u6c14\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
\uff081\uff09\u5355\u8d28\u4e0e\u6c27\u6c14\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
1. \u9541\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2Mg + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2MgO
2. \u94c1\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a3Fe + 2O2 \u70b9\u71c3 Fe3O4
3. \u94dc\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u53d7\u70ed\uff1a2Cu + O2 \u52a0\u70ed 2CuO
4. \u94dd\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a4Al + 3O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2Al2O3
5. \u6c22\u6c14\u4e2d\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2H2 + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2H2O
6. \u7ea2\u78f7\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a4P + 5O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2P2O5
7. \u786b\u7c89\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a S + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 SO2
8. \u78b3\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u5145\u5206\u71c3\u70e7\uff1aC + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 CO2
9. \u78b3\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2C + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2CO
\uff082\uff09\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e0e\u6c27\u6c14\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
10. \u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1a2CO + O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2CO2
11. \u7532\u70f7\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1aCH4 + 2O2 \u70b9\u71c3 CO2 + 2H2O
12. \u9152\u7cbe\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff1aC2H5OH + 3O2 \u70b9\u71c3 2CO2 + 3H2O
\u4e8c\uff0e\u51e0\u4e2a\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
13. \u6c34\u5728\u76f4\u6d41\u7535\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u5206\u89e3\uff1a2H2O \u901a\u7535 2H2\u2191+ O2 \u2191
14. \u52a0\u70ed\u78b1\u5f0f\u78b3\u9178\u94dc\uff1aCu2(OH)2CO3 \u52a0\u70ed 2CuO + H2O + CO2\u2191
15. \u52a0\u70ed\u6c2f\u9178\u94be\uff08\u6709\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u9530\uff09\uff1a2KClO3 ==== 2KCl + 3O2 \u2191
16. \u52a0\u70ed\u9ad8\u9530\u9178\u94be\uff1a2KMnO4 \u52a0\u70ed K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2\u2191
17. \u78b3\u9178\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u800c\u5206\u89e3\uff1aH2CO3 === H2O + CO2\u2191
18. \u9ad8\u6e29\u7145\u70e7\u77f3\u7070\u77f3\uff1aCaCO3 \u9ad8\u6e29 CaO + CO2\u2191
\u4e09\uff0e\u51e0\u4e2a\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
19. \u6c22\u6c14\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\uff1aH2 + CuO \u52a0\u70ed Cu + H2O
20. \u6728\u70ad\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\uff1aC+ 2CuO \u9ad8\u6e29 2Cu + CO2\u2191
21. \u7126\u70ad\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\uff1a3C+ 2Fe2O3 \u9ad8\u6e29 4Fe + 3CO2\u2191
22. \u7126\u70ad\u8fd8\u539f\u56db\u6c27\u5316\u4e09\u94c1\uff1a2C+ Fe3O4 \u9ad8\u6e29 3Fe + 2CO2\u2191
23. \u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\uff1aCO+ CuO \u52a0\u70ed Cu + CO2
24. \u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\uff1a3CO+ Fe2O3 \u9ad8\u6e29 2Fe + 3CO2
25. \u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u8fd8\u539f\u56db\u6c27\u5316\u4e09\u94c1\uff1a4CO+ Fe3O4 \u9ad8\u6e29 3Fe + 4CO2
\u56db\uff0e\u5355\u8d28\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3001\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u3001\u76d0\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb
\uff081\uff09\u91d1\u5c5e\u5355\u8d28 + \u9178 -------- \u76d0 + \u6c22\u6c14 \uff08\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\uff09
26. \u950c\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178Zn + H2SO4 = ZnSO4 + H2\u2191
27. \u94c1\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178Fe + H2SO4 = FeSO4 + H2\u2191
28. \u9541\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178Mg + H2SO4 = MgSO4 + H2\u2191
29. \u94dd\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u91782Al +3H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 +3H2\u2191
30. \u950c\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178Zn + 2HCl === ZnCl2 + H2\u2191
31. \u94c1\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178Fe + 2HCl === FeCl2 + H2\u2191
32. \u9541\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178Mg+ 2HCl === MgCl2 + H2\u2191
33. \u94dd\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u91782Al + 6HCl == 2AlCl3 + 3H2\u2191
\uff082\uff09\u91d1\u5c5e\u5355\u8d28 + \u76d0\uff08\u6eb6\u6db2\uff09 ------- \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u91d1\u5c5e + \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0
34. \u94c1\u548c\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFe + CuSO4 === FeSO4 + Cu
35. \u950c\u548c\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aZn + CuSO4 === ZnSO4 + Cu
36. \u94dc\u548c\u785d\u9178\u6c5e\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCu + Hg(NO3)2 === Cu(NO3)2 + Hg
\uff083\uff09\u78b1\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269 +\u9178 -------- \u76d0 + \u6c34
37. \u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFe2O3 + 6HCl === 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
38. \u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aFe2O3 + 3H2SO4 === Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
39. \u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCuO + 2HCl ==== CuCl2 + H2O
40. \u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCuO + H2SO4 ==== CuSO4 + H2O
41. \u6c27\u5316\u9541\u548c\u7a00\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aMgO + H2SO4 ==== MgSO4 + H2O
42. \u6c27\u5316\u9499\u548c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCaO + 2HCl ==== CaCl2 + H2O
\uff084\uff09\u9178\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u7269 +\u78b1 -------- \u76d0 + \u6c34
43\uff0e\u82db\u6027\u94a0\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u53d8\u8d28\uff1a2NaOH + CO2 ==== Na2CO3 + H2O
44\uff0e\u82db\u6027\u94a0\u5438\u6536\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u6c14\u4f53\uff1a2NaOH + SO2 ==== Na2SO3 + H2O
45\uff0e\u82db\u6027\u94a0\u5438\u6536\u4e09\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u6c14\u4f53\uff1a2NaOH + SO3 ==== Na2SO4 + H2O
46\uff0e\u6d88\u77f3\u7070\u653e\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u53d8\u8d28\uff1aCa(OH)2 + CO2 ==== CaCO3 \u2193+ H2O
47. \u6d88\u77f3\u7070\u5438\u6536\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\uff1aCa(OH)2 + SO2 ==== CaSO3 \u2193+ H2O
\uff085\uff09\u9178 + \u78b1 -------- \u76d0 + \u6c34
48\uff0e\u76d0\u9178\u548c\u70e7\u78b1\u8d77\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aHCl + NaOH ==== NaCl +H2O
49. \u76d0\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aHCl + KOH ==== KCl +H2O
50\uff0e\u76d0\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2HCl + Cu(OH)2 ==== CuCl2 + 2H2O
51. \u76d0\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a2HCl + Ca(OH)2 ==== CaCl2 + 2H2O
52. \u76d0\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a3HCl + Fe(OH)3 ==== FeCl3 + 3H2O
53.\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u80c3\u9178\u8fc7\u591a\uff1a3HCl + Al(OH)3 ==== AlCl3 + 3H2O
54.\u786b\u9178\u548c\u70e7\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aH2SO4 + 2NaOH ==== Na2SO4 + 2H2O
55.\u786b\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aH2SO4 + 2KOH ==== K2SO4 + 2H2O
56.\u786b\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aH2SO4 + Cu(OH)2 ==== CuSO4 + 2H2O
57. \u786b\u9178\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a3H2SO4 + 2Fe(OH)3==== Fe2(SO4)3 + 6H2O
58. \u785d\u9178\u548c\u70e7\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aHNO3+ NaOH ==== NaNO3 +H2O
\uff086\uff09\u9178 + \u76d0 -------- \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u9178 + \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0
59\uff0e\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u4e0e\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aCaCO3 + 2HCl === CaCl2 + H2O + CO2\u2191
60\uff0e\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u4e0e\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94: Na2CO3 + 2HCl === 2NaCl + H2O + CO2\u2191
61\uff0e\u78b3\u9178\u9541\u4e0e\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94: MgCO3 + 2HCl === MgCl2 + H2O + CO2\u2191
62\uff0e\u76d0\u9178\u548c\u785d\u9178\u94f6\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aHCl + AgNO3 === AgCl\u2193 + HNO3
63.\u786b\u9178\u548c\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aNa2CO3 + H2SO4 === Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2\u2191
64.\u786b\u9178\u548c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a1\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aH2SO4 + BaCl2 ==== BaSO4 \u2193+ 2HCl
\uff087\uff09\u78b1 + \u76d0 -------- \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u78b1 + \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0
65\uff0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u4e0e\u786b\u9178\u94dc\uff1a2NaOH + CuSO4 ==== Cu(OH)2\u2193 + Na2SO4
66\uff0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u4e0e\u6c2f\u5316\u94c1\uff1a3NaOH + FeCl3 ==== Fe(OH)3\u2193 + 3NaCl
67\uff0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u4e0e\u6c2f\u5316\u9541\uff1a2NaOH + MgCl2 ==== Mg(OH)2\u2193 + 2NaCl
68. \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u4e0e\u6c2f\u5316\u94dc\uff1a2NaOH + CuCl2 ==== Cu(OH)2\u2193 + 2NaCl
69. \u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499\u4e0e\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\uff1aCa(OH)2 + Na2CO3 === CaCO3\u2193+ 2NaOH
\uff088\uff09\u76d0 + \u76d0 ----- \u4e24\u79cd\u65b0\u76d0
70\uff0e\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u548c\u785d\u9178\u94f6\u6eb6\u6db2\uff1aNaCl + AgNO3 ==== AgCl\u2193 + NaNO3
71\uff0e\u786b\u9178\u94a0\u548c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a1\uff1aNa2SO4 + BaCl2 ==== BaSO4\u2193 + 2NaCl
\u4e94\uff0e\u5176\u5b83\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a
72\uff0e\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1aCO2 + H2O === H2CO3
73\uff0e\u751f\u77f3\u7070\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1aCaO + H2O === Ca(OH)2
74\uff0e\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1aNa2O + H2O ==== 2NaOH
75\uff0e\u4e09\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1aSO3 + H2O ==== H2SO4
76\uff0e\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6676\u4f53\u53d7\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\uff1aCuSO4?5H2O \u52a0\u70ed CuSO4 + 5H2O
77\uff0e\u65e0\u6c34\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u4f5c\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\uff1aCuSO4 + 5H2O ==== CuSO4?5H2
\u79bb\u5b50\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f
1\u3001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u6eb6\u4e8e\u785d\u9178
2\u3001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\u4e0e\u786b\u9178\u4e2d\u548c
3\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u94c1\u6eb6\u4e8e\u7a00\u786b\u9178
4\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u4e2d\u6ef4\u52a0\u8db3\u91cf\u7a00\u76d0\u9178
5\u3001\u786b\u9178\u94dc\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a1\u6eb6\u6db2\u6df7\u5408
6\u3001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a1\u6eb6\u6db2\u548c\u6c2f\u5316\u9541\u6eb6\u6db2\u6df7\u5408
7\u3001\u6c2f\u5316\u94a1\u6eb6\u6db2\u548c\u786b\u9178\u94be\u6eb6\u6db2\u6df7\u5408
8\u3001\u7528\u76d0\u9178\u9664\u94c1\u9508
9\u3001\u786b\u9178\u94c1\u6eb6\u6db2\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\u6eb6\u6db2\u6df7\u5408
10\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u94dd\u6eb6\u4e8e\u786b\u9178
Fe(OH)3+3H+===Fe3+ +3H2O
OH-+H+==H2O
Fe+2H+==Fe2+ +H2
CO32- + 2H+===H2O+CO2
Cu2+ + SO42- +Ba2+ +2OH-====BaSO4+Cu(OH)2
Mg2+ + 2OH- ===Mg(OH)2
Ba2+ + SO42- ==BaSO4
Fe2O3+6H+===2Fe3+ + 3H2O
Fe3+ + 3OH- ===Fe(OH)3
2Al+6H+==2Al3+ +3H2
\u633a\u591a\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4e0a\u9ad8\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u53d1\u4e86\u4e09\u5927\u5f20\uff08\u6b63\u53cd\u9762\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u6ca1\u4ecd\uff0c\u4e00\u4f1a\u6211\u7167\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f60\u518d\u770b\u5427\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u5927\u6982\u53cd\u6620\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5462\uff0c\u5230\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u6211\u518d\u8865\u5145\u3002\u5377\u7eb8\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u6211\u4ee5\u524d\u5199\u4e1c\u897f\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u70b9\u8865\u5145
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6709\u5173\u94a0\u3001\u94dc\u3001\u9541\u3001\u94c1\u3001\u786b\u3001\u7845\u3001\u6c2e\u3001\u94dd\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\u8f6c\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe
\u8fd8\u6709\u79bb\u5b50\u5171\u5b58\u3001\u542b\u6709\u79bb\u5b50\u5448\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u53d1\u7ed9\u4f60\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4f20\u7684\u6709\u70b9\u6162\uff0c\u7167\u7247\u62ff\u76f8\u673a\u62cd\u7684\uff0c\u6ca1\u62ff\u89c6\u9891\uff0c\u90a3\u6837\u50cf\u7d20\u9ad8\uff0c\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u7167\u7247\u5927\uff0c\u7ed9\u7f29\u5c0f\u540e\u5f04\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4f20\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e5f\u6162\u4e00\u70b9
\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u770b\u4e0d\u6e05\u4e5f\u53ef\u627e\u6211
专题1 化学家眼中的物质世界
1) NH4Cl+NaOH NaCl+NH3↑+H2O
2) NH4Cl+AgNO3=AgCl↓+ NH4NO3
3) (NH4)SO4+BaCl2=BaSO4↓+2NH4Cl
专题2 从海水中获得的化学物质
第一单元 氯、溴、碘及其化合物
1) 2NaCl+2H2O 2NaOH+H2↑+Cl2↑
2) MnO2+4HCl(浓) MnCl2+Cl2↑+2H2O
3) 2Fe+3Cl2 2FeCl3 (棕褐色的烟)
4) Cu+Cl2 CuCl2 (棕黄色的烟)
5) 2Na+Cl2 =2NaCl (白烟)
6) H2+Cl2 2HCl (苍白色火焰)
7) Cl2+H2O HCl+HClO (Cl2只有少量的与水反应,
大量的Cl2以分子形式存在于水溶液中,所以氯水呈黄绿色)
8) 2HClO 2HCl+O2↑
9) Cl2+2NaOH=NaCl+NaClO+H2O
10) 2Cl2+2Ca(OH)2=CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O (工业生产漂白粉)
11) Ca(ClO)2+2HCl=CaCl2+2HClO
12) Ca(ClO)2+H2O+CO2=CaCO3↓+2HClO
13) Cl2+2NaBr=2NaCl+Br2
14) Cl2+2KI=2KCl+I2
15) Br2+2KI=2KBr+I2
16) NaBr+AgNO3=AgBr↓+ NaNO3
17) KI+AgNO3=AgI↓+ KNO3
第二单元 钠、镁及其化合物
1) 2Na+2H2O=2NaOH+H2↑
2) 4Na+O?2=2Na?2O
3) 2Na+O?2 Na?2O2
4) 2Na+Cl?2=2NaCl (白烟)
5) 4Na+TiCl4 Ti+4NaCl
6) 2NaCl 2Na+Cl2↑
7) Na?2CO3+2HCl=2NaCl+H2O+CO2↑
8) Na?HCO3+ HCl=NaCl+H2O+CO2↑
9) Na?2CO3+ Ca(OH)2=CaCO3↓+2NaOH
10) Na?2CO3+BaCl2=BaCO3↓+2NaCl
11) 2Na?HCO3 Na2CO3+H2O+CO2↑
12) CO2 +H2O+Na2CO3=2NaHCO3
13) CaCO3 CaO+ CO2↑
14) CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2
15) Ca(OH)2+MgCl?2?=Mg(OH)2↓+CaCl?2?
16) Mg(OH)2+2HCl=MgCl?2?+2H2O
17) MgCl2 Mg+Cl2↑
18) 3Mg+N2 Mg3N2
19) 2Mg+CO2 2MgO+C
专题3 从矿物到基础材料
第一单元 从铝土矿到铝合金
1) Al2O3+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+H2O
2) NaAlO2+2H2O+CO2(过量)=Al(OH)3↓+NaHCO3
3) 2Al(OH)3 Al2O3 +3H2O
4) 2Al2O3 4Al+3O2↑
5) 2Al+6HCl= 2AlCl3+3H2↑
6) 2Al+2NaOH+2H2O= 2NaAlO2+3H2↑ Al与冷的浓硫酸、冷的浓硝酸钝化
7) 2Al+Fe2O3 Al2O3+2Fe 铝热反应还可以从它们的氧化物(如MnO2、Fe3O4、Cr2O3、V2O5等)中还原出来
8) Al(OH)3+3HCl=AlCl3+3H2O
9) Al(OH)3+NaOH=NaAlO2+2H2O
10) AlCl3+3NaOH=Al(OH)3↓+3NaCl
11) Al(OH)3+NaOH=NaAlO2+2H2O
第二单元 铁、铜的获取及应用
1) CaCO3 CaO+ CO2↑
2) SiO2+CaO CaSiO3
3) Fe+S FeS
4) 2Cu+S Cu2S
5) 2Fe+3Cl2 2FeCl3
6) Cu+Cl2 CuCl2
7) FeCl3+3KSCN=3KCl+Fe(SCN)3
Fe3++3SCN-=Fe(SCN)3
8) 2FeCl2+Cl2=2FeCl3
9) 2FeBr2+Br2=2FeBr3 2Fe2++X2=2Fe3++2X- (X=Cl、Br)
10) 2FeCl3+Fe=2FeCl3
11) 2FeCl3+Cu=2FeCl2+CuCl2
第三单元 含硅矿物与信息材料
1) SiO2+CaO CaSiO3
2) SiO2+2NaOH=Na2SiO3+H2O
3) SiO2+4HF=SiF4↑+2H2O (用于雕刻玻璃)氢氟酸与玻璃反应而氢氟酸保存在塑料瓶中
4) SiO2+2C Si+2CO↑ (工业制粗硅)
5) Si+2Cl2 SiCl4
6) SiCl4+2H2 Si+4HCl
7) Si+O2 SiO2
专题4 硫、氮和可持续发展
第一单元 含硫化合物的性质和应用
1) SO2+H2O H2SO3
2) SO2+2NaOH=Na2SO3+H2O
3) 2SO2+O2 2SO3
4) SO3+H2O=H2SO4
5)* SO2+X2+2H2O=H2SO4+2HX (X=Cl、Br、I)
6) 2H2SO3+O2=2H2SO4
7) 2Na2SO3+O2=2Na2SO4
8) Cu+2H2SO4(浓) CuSO4+ SO2↑+2H2O
9) C+2H2SO4(浓) CO2↑+2SO2↑+2H2O
10)* 4FeS2+11O2 2Fe2O3+ 8SO2↑
11) S+ H2 H2S
12) S+ Fe FeS
第二单元 生产生活中的含氮化合物
1) N2 + 3 H2 2NH3 (工业合成氨)
2) N2+O2 2NO
3) 2NO+O2=2NO2 (红棕色气体)
4) 3NO2+H2O=2HNO3+NO
5) NH3+H2O NH3?H2O
6) NH3+HCl=NH4Cl (大量白烟)
7) 4NH3+ 5O2 4NO+6H2O
(氨的催化氧化,工业制硝酸的基础)
8) 2NH3 +H2SO4=(NH4)2SO4
9) NH4Cl NH3↑+HCl↑
10) 4HNO3 4NO2↑+O2↑+2H2O
11) Cu+4HNO3(浓)=Cu(NO3)2+2NO2↑+2H2O
12) 3Cu+8HNO3(稀)=3Cu(NO3)2+2NO↑+4H2O
13) C+4HNO3(浓)=4NO2↑+CO2↑+2H2O
非金属单质(F2 ,Cl2 , O2 , S, N2 , P , C , Si)
1, 氧化性:
F2 + H2 === 2HF
F2 +Xe(过量)===XeF2
2F2(过量)+Xe===XeF4
nF2 +2M===2MFn (表示大部分金属)
2F2 +2H2O===4HF+O2
2F2 +2NaOH===2NaF+OF2 +H2O
F2 +2NaCl===2NaF+Cl2
F2 +2NaBr===2NaF+Br2
F2+2NaI ===2NaF+I2
F2 +Cl2 (等体积)===2ClF
3F2 (过量)+Cl2===2ClF3
7F2(过量)+I2 ===2IF7
Cl2 +H2 ===2HCl
3Cl2 +2P===2PCl3
Cl2 +PCl3 ===PCl5
Cl2 +2Na===2NaCl
3Cl2 +2Fe===2FeCl3
Cl2 +2FeCl2 ===2FeCl3
Cl2+Cu===CuCl2
2Cl2+2NaBr===2NaCl+Br2
Cl2 +2NaI ===2NaCl+I2
5Cl2+I2+6H2O===2HIO3+10HCl
Cl2 +Na2S===2NaCl+S
Cl2 +H2S===2HCl+S
Cl2+SO2 +2H2O===H2SO4 +2HCl
Cl2 +H2O2 ===2HCl+O2
2O2 +3Fe===Fe3O4
O2+K===KO2
S+H2===H2S
2S+C===CS2
S+Fe===FeS
S+2Cu===Cu2S
3S+2Al===Al2S3
S+Zn===ZnS
N2+3H2===2NH3
N2+3Mg===Mg3N2
N2+3Ca===Ca3N2
N2+3Ba===Ba3N2
N2+6Na===2Na3N
N2+6K===2K3N
N2+6Rb===2Rb3N
P2+6H2===4PH3
P+3Na===Na3P
2P+3Zn===Zn3P2
2.还原性
S+O2===SO2
S+O2===SO2
S+6HNO3(浓)===H2SO4+6NO2+2H2O
3S+4 HNO3(稀)===3SO2+4NO+2H2O
N2+O2===2NO
4P+5O2===P4O10(常写成P2O5)
2P+3X2===2PX3 (X表示F2,Cl2,Br2)
PX3+X2===PX5
P4+20HNO3(浓)===4H3PO4+20NO2+4H2O
C+2F2===CF4
C+2Cl2===CCl4
2C+O2(少量)===2CO
C+O2(足量)===CO2
C+CO2===2CO
C+H2O===CO+H2(生成水煤气)
2C+SiO2===Si+2CO(制得粗硅)
Si(粗)+2Cl===SiCl4
(SiCl4+2H2===Si(纯)+4HCl)
Si(粉)+O2===SiO2
Si+C===SiC(金刚砂)
Si+2NaOH+H2O===Na2SiO3+2H2
3,(碱中)歧化
Cl2+H2O===HCl+HClO
(加酸抑制歧化,加碱或光照促进歧化)
Cl2+2NaOH===NaCl+NaClO+H2O
2Cl2+2Ca(OH)2===CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O
3Cl2+6KOH(热,浓)===5KCl+KClO3+3H2O
3S+6NaOH===2Na2S+Na2SO3+3H2O
4P+3KOH(浓)+3H2O===PH3+3KH2PO2
11P+15CuSO4+24H2O===5Cu3P+6H3PO4+15H2SO4
3C+CaO===CaC2+CO
3C+SiO2===SiC+2CO
二,金属单质(Na,Mg,Al,Fe)的还原性
2Na+H2===2NaH
4Na+O2===2Na2O
2Na2O+O2===2Na2O2
2Na+O2===Na2O2
2Na+S===Na2S(爆炸)
2Na+2H2O===2NaOH+H2
2Na+2NH3===2NaNH2+H2
4Na+TiCl4(熔融)===4NaCl+Ti
Mg+Cl2===MgCl2
Mg+Br2===MgBr2
2Mg+O2===2MgO
Mg+S===MgS
Mg+2H2O===Mg(OH)2+H2
2 高中化学方程式大全
2Mg+TiCl4(熔融)===Ti+2MgCl2
Mg+2RbCl===MgCl2+2Rb
2Mg+CO2===2MgO+C
2Mg+SiO2===2MgO+Si
Mg+H2S===MgS+H2
Mg+H2SO4===MgSO4+H2
2Al+3Cl2===2AlCl3
4Al+3O2===2Al2O3(钝化)
4Al(Hg)+3O2+2xH2O===2(Al2O3.xH2O)+4Hg
4Al+3MnO2===2Al2O3+3Mn
2Al+Cr2O3===Al2O3+2Cr
2Al+Fe2O3===Al2O3+2Fe
2Al+3FeO===Al2O3+3Fe
2Al+6HCl===2AlCl3+3H2
2Al+3H2SO4===Al2(SO4)3+3H2
2Al+6H2SO4(浓)===Al2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2O
(Al,Fe在冷,浓的H2SO4,HNO3中钝化)
Al+4HNO(稀)===Al(NO3)3+NO+2H2O
2Al+2NaOH+2H2O===2NaAlO2+3H2
2Fe+3Br2===2FeBr3
Fe+I2===FeI2
Fe+S===FeS
3Fe+4H2O(g)===Fe3O4+4H2
Fe+2HCl===FeCl2+H2
Fe+CuCl2===FeCl2+Cu
Fe+SnCl4===FeCl2+SnCl2
(铁在酸性环境下,不能把四氯化锡完全
还原为单质锡 Fe+SnCl2==FeCl2+Sn)
三, 非金属氢化物(HF,HCl,H2O,H2S,NH3)
1,还原性:
4HCl(浓)+MnO2===MnCl2+Cl2+2H2O
4HCl(g)+O2===2Cl2+2H2O
16HCl+2KMnO4===2KCl+2MnCl2+5Cl2+8H2O
14HCl+K2Cr2O7===2KCl+2CrCl3+3Cl2+7H2O
2H2O+2F2===4HF+O2
2H2S+3O2(足量)===2SO2+2H2O
2H2S+O2(少量)===2S+2H2O
2H2S+SO2===3S+2H2O
H2S+H2SO4(浓)===S+SO2+2H2O
3H2S+2HNO(稀)===3S+2NO+4H2O
5H2S+2KMnO4+3H2SO4===2MnSO4+K2SO4+5S+8H2O
3H2S+K2Cr2O7+4H2SO4===Cr2(SO4)3+K2SO4+3S+7H2O
H2S+4Na2O2+2H2O===Na2SO4+6NaOH
2NH3+3CuO===3Cu+N2+3H2O
2NH3+3Cl2===N2+6HCl
8NH3+3Cl2===N2+6NH4Cl
4NH3+3O2(纯氧)===2N2+6H2O
4NH3+5O2===4NO+6H2O
4NH3+6NO===5N2+6HO(用氨清除NO)
NaH+H2O===NaOH+H2
4NaH+TiCl4===Ti+4NaCl+2H2
CaH2+2H2O===Ca(OH)2+2H2
2,酸性:
4HF+SiO2===SiF4+2H2O
(此反应广泛应用于测定矿样或钢样中SiO2的含量)
2HF+CaCl2===CaF2+2HCl
H2S+Fe===FeS+H2
H2S+CuCl2===CuS+2HCl
H2S+2AgNO3===Ag2S+2HNO3
H2S+HgCl2===HgS+2HCl
H2S+Pb(NO3)2===PbS+2HNO3
H2S+FeCl2===
2NH3+2Na==2NaNH2+H2
(NaNH2+H2O===NaOH+NH3)
3,碱性:
NH3+HCl===NH4Cl
NH3+HNO3===NH4NO3
2NH3+H2SO4===(NH4)2SO4
NH3+NaCl+H2O+CO2===NaHCO3+NH4Cl
(此反应用于工业制备小苏打,苏打)
4,不稳定性:
2HF===H2+F2
2HCl===H2+Cl2
2H2O===2H2+O2
2H2O2===2H2O+O2
H2S===H2+S
2NH3===N2+3H2
四,非金属氧化物
低价态的还原性:
2SO2+O2===2SO3
2SO2+O2+2H2O===2H2SO4
(这是SO2在大气中缓慢发生的环境化学反应)
SO2+Cl2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HCl
SO2+Br2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HBr
SO2+I2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HI
SO2+NO2===SO3+NO
2NO+O2===2NO2
NO+NO2+2NaOH===2NaNO2
(用于制硝酸工业中吸收尾气中的NO和NO2)
2CO+O2===2CO2
CO+CuO===Cu+CO2
3CO+Fe2O3===2Fe+3CO2
CO+H2O===CO2+H2
3 高中化学方程式大全
氧化性:
SO2+2H2S===3S+2H2O
SO3+2KI===K2SO3+I2
NO2+2KI+H2O===NO+I2+2KOH
(不能用淀粉KI溶液鉴别溴蒸气和NO2)
4NO2+H2S===4NO+SO3+H2O
2NO2+Cu===4CuO+N2
CO2+2Mg===2MgO+C
(CO2不能用于扑灭由Mg,Ca,Ba,Na,K等燃烧的火灾)
SiO2+2H2===Si+2H2O
SiO2+2Mg===2MgO+Si
3,与水的作用:
SO2+H2O===H2SO3
SO3+H2O===H2SO4
3NO2+H2O===2HNO3+NO
N2O5+H2O===2HNO3
P2O5+H2O===2HPO3
P2O5+3H2O===2H3PO4
(P2O5极易吸水,可作气体干燥剂
P2O5+3H2SO4(浓)===2H3PO4+3SO3)
CO2+H2O===H2CO3
4,与碱性物质的作用:
SO2+2NH3+H2O===(NH4)2SO3
SO2+(NH4)2SO3+H2O===2NH4HSO3
(这是硫酸厂回收SO2的反应.先用氨水吸收SO2,
再用H2SO4处理: 2NH4HSO3+H2SO4===(NH4)2SO4+2H2O+2SO2
生成的硫酸铵作化肥,SO2循环作原料气)
SO2+Ca(OH)2===CaSO3+H2O
(不能用澄清石灰水鉴别SO2和CO2.可用品红鉴别)
SO3+MgO===MgSO4
SO3+Ca(OH)2===CaSO4+H2O
CO2+2NaOH(过量)===Na2CO3+H2O
CO2(过量)+NaOH===NaHCO3
CO2+Ca(OH)2(过量)===CaCO3+H2O
2CO2(过量)+Ca(OH)2===Ca(HCO3)2
CO2+2NaAlO2+3H2O===2Al(OH)3+Na2CO3
CO2+C6H5ONa+H2O===C6H5OH+NaHCO3
SiO2+CaO===CaSiO3
SiO2+2NaOH===Na2SiO3+H2O
(常温下强碱缓慢腐蚀玻璃)
SiO2+Na2CO3===Na2SiO3+CO2
SiO2+CaCO3===CaSiO3+CO2
五,金属氧化物
1,低价态的还原性:
6FeO+O2===2Fe3O4
FeO+4HNO3===Fe(NO3)3+NO2+2H2O
2,氧化性:
Na2O2+2Na===2Na2O
(此反应用于制备Na2O)
MgO,Al2O3几乎没有氧化性,很难被还原为Mg,Al.
一般通过电解制Mg和Al.
Fe2O3+3H2===2Fe+3H2O (制还原铁粉)
Fe3O4+4H2===3Fe+4H2O
3,与水的作用:
Na2O+H2O===2NaOH
2Na2O2+2H2O===4NaOH+O2
(此反应分两步:Na2O2+2H2O===2NaOH+H2O2 ;
2H2O2===2H2O+O2. H2O2的制备可利用类似的反应:
BaO2+H2SO4(稀)===BaSO4+H2O2)
MgO+H2O===Mg(OH)2 (缓慢反应)
4,与酸性物质的作用:
Na2O+SO3===Na2SO4
Na2O+CO2===Na2CO3
Na2O+2HCl===2NaCl+H2O
2Na2O2+2CO2===2Na2CO3+O2
Na2O2+H2SO4(冷,稀)===Na2SO4+H2O2
MgO+SO3===MgSO4
MgO+H2SO4===MgSO4+H2O
Al2O3+3H2SO4===Al2(SO4)3+3H2O
(Al2O3是两性氧化物:
Al2O3+2NaOH===2NaAlO2+H2O)
FeO+2HCl===FeCl2+3H2O
Fe2O3+6HCl===2FeCl3+3H2O
Fe2O3+3H2S(g)===Fe2S3+3H2O
Fe3O4+8HCl===FeCl2+2FeCl3+4H2O
六,含氧酸
1,氧化性:
4HClO3+3H2S===3H2SO4+4HCl
HClO3+HI===HIO3+HCl
3HClO+HI===HIO3+3HCl
HClO+H2SO3===H2SO4+HCl
HClO+H2O2===HCl+H2O+O2
(氧化性:HClO>HClO2>HClO3>HClO4,
但浓,热的HClO4氧化性很强)
2H2SO4(浓)+C===CO2+2SO2+2H2O
2H2SO4(浓)+S===3SO2+2H2O
H2SO4+Fe(Al) 室温下钝化
6H2SO4(浓)+2Fe===Fe2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2O
2H2SO4(浓)+Cu===CuSO4+SO2+2H2O
H2SO4(浓)+2HBr===SO2+Br2+2H2O
H2SO4(浓)+2HI===SO2+I2+2H2O
H2SO4(稀)+Fe===FeSO4+H2
2H2SO3+2H2S===3S+2H2O
4HNO3(浓)+C===CO2+4NO2+2H2O
6HNO3(浓)+S===H2SO4+6NO2+2H2O
5HNO3(浓)+P===H3PO4+5NO2+H2O
6HNO3+Fe===Fe(NO3)3+3NO2+3H2O
4HNO3+Fe===Fe(NO3)3+NO+2H2O
30HNO3+8Fe===8Fe(NO3)3+3N2O+15H2O
36HNO3+10Fe===10Fe(NO3)3+3N2+18H2O
30HNO3+8Fe===8Fe(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+9H2O
2,还原性:
H2SO3+X2+H2O===H2SO4+2HX
(X表示Cl2,Br2,I2)
2H2SO3+O2===2H2SO4
H2SO3+H2O2===H2SO4+H2O
5H2SO3+2KMnO4===2MnSO4+K2SO4+2H2SO4+3H2O
H2SO3+2FeCl3+H2O===H2SO4+2FeCl2+2HCl
3,酸性:
H2SO4(浓) +CaF2===CaSO4+2HF
H2SO4(浓)+NaCl===NaHSO4+HCl
H2SO4(浓) +2NaCl===Na2SO4+2HCl
H2SO4(浓)+NaNO3===NaHSO4+HNO3
3H2SO4(浓)+Ca3(PO4)2===3CaSO4+2H3PO4
2H2SO4(浓)+Ca3(PO4)2===2CaSO4+Ca(H2PO4)2
3HNO3+Ag3PO4===H3PO4+3AgNO3
2HNO3+CaCO3===Ca(NO3)2+H2O+CO2
(用HNO3和浓H2SO4不能制备H2S,HI,HBr,(SO2)
等还原性气体)
4H3PO4+Ca3(PO4)2===3Ca(H2PO4)2(重钙)
H3PO4(浓)+NaBr===NaH2PO4+HBr
H3PO4(浓)+NaI===NaH2PO4+HI
4,不稳定性:
2HClO===2HCl+O2
4HNO3===4NO2+O2+2H2O
H2SO3===H2O+SO2
H2CO3===H2O+CO2
H4SiO4===H2SiO3+H2O
七,碱
低价态的还原性:
4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O===4Fe(OH)3
与酸性物质的作用:
2NaOH+SO2(少量)===Na2SO3+H2O
NaOH+SO2(足量)===NaHSO3
2NaOH+SiO2===NaSiO3+H2O
2NaOH+Al2O3===2NaAlO2+H2O
2NaOH+Cl2===NaCl+NaClO+H2O
NaOH+HCl===NaCl+H2O
NaOH+H2S(足量)===NaHS+H2O
2NaOH+H2S(少量)===Na2S+2H2O
3NaOH+AlCl3===Al(OH)3+3NaCl
NaOH+Al(OH)3===NaAlO2+2H2O
(AlCl3和Al(OH)3哪个酸性强?)
NaOH+NH4Cl===NaCl+NH3+H2O
Mg(OH)2+2NH4Cl===MgCl2+2NH3.H2O
Al(OH)3+NH4Cl 不溶解
3,不稳定性:
Mg(OH)2===MgO+H2O
2Al(OH)3===Al2O3+3H2O
2Fe(OH)3===Fe2O3+3H2O
Cu(OH)2===CuO+H2O
八,盐
1,氧化性:
2FeCl3+Fe===3FeCl2
2FeCl3+Cu===2FeCl2+CuCl2
(用于雕刻铜线路版)
2FeCl3+Zn===2FeCl2+ZnCl2
FeCl3+Ag===FeCl2+AgC
Fe2(SO4)3+2Ag===FeSO4+Ag2SO4(较难反应)
Fe(NO3)3+Ag 不反应
2FeCl3+H2S===2FeCl2+2HCl+S
2FeCl3+2KI===2FeCl2+2KCl+I2
FeCl2+Mg===Fe+MgCl2
2,还原性:
2FeCl2+Cl2===2FeCl3
3Na2S+8HNO3(稀)===6NaNO3+2NO+3S+4H2O
3Na2SO3+2HNO3(稀)===3Na2SO4+2NO+H2O
2Na2SO3+O2===2Na2SO4
3,与碱性物质的作用:
MgCl2+2NH3.H2O===Mg(OH)2+NH4Cl
AlCl3+3NH3.H2O===Al(OH)3+3NH4Cl
FeCl3+3NH3.H2O===Fe(OH)3+3NH4Cl
4,与酸性物质的作用:
Na3PO4+HCl===Na2HPO4+NaCl
Na2HPO4+HCl===NaH2PO4+NaCl
NaH2PO4+HCl===H3PO4+NaCl
Na2CO3+HCl===NaHCO3+NaCl
NaHCO3+HCl===NaCl+H2O+CO2
3Na2CO3+2AlCl3+3H2O===2Al(OH)3+3CO2+6NaCl
3Na2CO3+2FeCl3+3H2O===2Fe(OH)3+3CO2+6NaCl
3NaHCO3+AlCl3===Al(OH)3+3CO2
3NaHCO3+FeCl3===Fe(OH)3+3CO2
3Na2S+Al2(SO4)3+6H2O===2Al(OH)3+3H2S
3NaAlO2+AlCl3+6H2O===4Al(OH)3
5,不稳定性:
Na2S2O3+H2SO4===Na2SO4+S+SO2+H2O
NH4Cl===NH3+HCl
NH4HCO3===NH3+H2O+CO2
2KNO3===2KNO2+O2
2Cu(NO3)3===2CuO+4NO2+O2
2KMnO4===K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
2KClO3===2KCl+3O2
2NaHCO3===Na2CO3+H2O+CO2
Ca(HCO3)2===CaCO3+H2O+CO2
CaCO3===CaO+CO2
MgCO3===MgO+CO2
太多了
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