爱德华·格雷的生平
"\u9ed1\u592a\u5b50"\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u548c\u6218\u7ee9\u3000\u3000\u7231\u5fb7\u534e (\u9ed1\u592a\u5b50) Edward the Black Prince \uff081330\u5e746\u670815\u65e5\u20141376\u5e746\u67088\u65e5\uff09\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u7edf\u5e05\u3002\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u4e09\u4e16\u957f\u5b50\uff0c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u4e3a\u57c3\u8bfa\u7684\u83f2\u5229\u5e15\u3002\u751f\u4e8e\u725b\u6d25\u90e1\u4f0d\u5fb7\u65af\u6258\u514b\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u7b80\u4ecb
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\u3000\u3000\u4eba\u7269\u7ecf\u5386
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\u3000\u30001362\u5e74\u20141372\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u662f\u963f\u57fa\u5766\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u519b\u961f\u5728\u963f\u57fa\u5766\u6a2a\u884c\u4e0d\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee4\u4ed6\u7684\u58f0\u540d\u53d7\u635f\u30021371\u5e741\u6708\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u8fd4\u56de\u82f1\u683c\u5170\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1372\u5e74\u672b\u6b63\u5f0f\u653e\u5f03\u516c\u7235\u79f0\u53f7\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u4ed6\u8fc7\u7740\u6253\u730e\u3001\u6bd4\u6b66\u7684\u9a91\u58eb\u751f\u6d3b\u30021376\u5e74\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u5728\u5a01\u65af\u654f\u65af\u7279\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u846c\u4e8e\u574e\u7279\u4f2f\u96f7\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u7406\u67e5\u4e8c\u4e16\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u4e09\u4e16\u7684\u738b\u4f4d\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u201c\u9ed1\u592a\u5b50\u201d\uff0c1330~1376\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u56fd\u738b\uff0c\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u4e09\u4e16\u4e4b\u957f\u5b50\u3002\u5e38\u7231\u7528\u9ed1\u8272\u76d4\u7532\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9ed1\u592a\u5b50\u201d\u3002\u64c5\u4e8e\u7528\u5175\uff0c\u5728\u767e\u5e74\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u51fb\u6e83\u6cd5\u519b\uff0c\u6b66\u540d\u5a01\u9707\u5929\u4e0b\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u8fd8\u6709
\u3000\u3000\u7231\u5fb7\u534e (\u9ed1\u592a\u5b50) Edward the Black Prince \uff081330\u5e746\u670815\u65e5\u20141376\u5e746\u67088\u65e5\uff09\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u7edf\u5e05\u3002\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u4e09\u4e16\u957f\u5b50\uff0c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u4e3a\u57c3\u8bfa\u7684\u83f2\u5229\u5e15\u3002\u751f\u4e8e\u725b\u6d25\u90e1\u4f0d\u5fb7\u65af\u6258\u514b\u3002\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u4e09\u4e16\u52a0\u5c01\u4ed6\u4e3a\u5207\u65af\u7279\u4f2f\u7235\u3001\u5eb7\u6c83\u5c14\u516c\u7235\uff081337\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u4eb2\u738b\uff081343\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5747\u4e3a\u738b\u50a8\u4e13\u7528\u79f0\u53f7\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u82f1\u6cd5\u767e\u5e74\u6218\u4e89\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\u82f1\u519b\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u3002\u201c\u9ed1\u592a\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u7ef0\u53f7\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7a7f\u6234\u9ed1\u8272\u76d4\u7532\uff08\u6700\u65e9\u89c1\u4e8e16\u4e16\u7eaa\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\uff1b\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u751f\u524d\u4ece\u672a\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e48\u79f0\u547c\u8fc7\uff09\u30021346\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u6307\u6325\u4e86\u82f1\u519b\u83b7\u80dc\u7684\u514b\u96f7\u897f\u6218\u5f79\u30021355\u5e74\u4ed6\u7684\u519b\u961f\u6d17\u52ab\u4e86\u963f\u57fa\u5766\u30021356\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u6307\u6325\u4e86\u4ed6\u6700\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u6218\u5f79\uff1a\u666e\u74e6\u6377\u6218\u5f79\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u7236\u738b\u914d\u5408\u5927\u80dc\u6cd5\u519b\uff0c\u4fd8\u864f\u4e86\u6cd5\u738b\u7ea6\u7ff0\u4e8c\u4e16\u3002\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u5c01\u4e3a\u963f\u57fa\u5766\u516c\u7235\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u79ef\u6781\u5e72\u9884\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u4ed6\u652f\u6301\uff08\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\uff09\u4f69\u5fb7\u7f57\u4e00\u4e16\u4e89\u593a\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u738b\u4f4d\u3002
\u3000\u30001362\u5e74\u20141372\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u662f\u963f\u57fa\u5766\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u519b\u961f\u5728\u963f\u57fa\u5766\u6a2a\u884c\u4e0d\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee4\u4ed6\u7684\u58f0\u540d\u53d7\u635f\u30021371\u5e741\u6708\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u8fd4\u56de\u82f1\u683c\u5170\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1372\u5e74\u672b\u6b63\u5f0f\u653e\u5f03\u516c\u7235\u79f0\u53f7\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u4ed6\u8fc7\u7740\u6253\u730e\u3001\u6bd4\u6b66\u7684\u9a91\u58eb\u751f\u6d3b\u30021376\u5e74\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u5728\u5a01\u65af\u654f\u65af\u7279\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u846c\u4e8e\u574e\u7279\u4f2f\u96f7\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u7406\u67e5\u4e8c\u4e16\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u4e09\u4e16\u7684\u738b\u4f4d\u3002
1716\u20141771
\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u683c\u96f7\uff08Thomas Gray\uff09\u51fa\u4e8e\u4f26\u6566\u4e00\u7ecf\u7eaa\u4eba\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u5e74\u9752\u65f6\u66fe\u5728\u4f0a\u987f\u516c\u5b66\u548c\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u6c42\u5b66\uff0c\u5e76\u968f\u53cb\u4eba\u6e38\u5386\u6b27\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u3002\u540e\u534a\u751f\u9690\u5c45\u4e8e\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u672a\u8bb2\u5b66\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c11\u6709\u8457\u8ff0\uff0c\u53ea\u6f5c\u5fc3\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5145\u5b9e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b66\u8bc6\u3002\u683c\u96f7\u4e00\u751f\u6de1\u6cca\u540d\u5229\uff0c\u66fe\u8c22\u7edd\u6842\u51a0\u8bd7\u4eba\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\u3002\u9664\u8bd7\u6b4c\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66\u4fe1\u4e5f\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u6563\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u7cbe\u54c1\u3002
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\u53e6\u5916\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u683c\u96f7\u66fe\u7ecf\u5341\u5206\u9189\u5fc3\u4e8e\u53e4\u4ee3\u5317\u6b27\u4eba\u7684\u6734\u7d20\u800c\u6d6a\u6f2b\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8bd7\u6b4c\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53f2\u8bd7\u300a\u547d\u8fd0\u5973\u795e\u59d0\u59b9\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5965\u4e01\u7684\u964d\u751f\u300b\u7b49\uff0c\u5f00\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u6d6a\u6f2b\u6d3e\u5bf9\u5317\u6b27\u6587\u5b66\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u98ce\u6c14\u3002
ELERGY WRITTEN IN A COUNTRY CHURCHYARD
The curfew tolls the knell of parting day;
The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea;
The ploughman homeward plods his weary way,
And leaves the world to darkness and to me.
\u5893\u56ed\u633d\u6b4c
\u767d\u663c\u5c06\u6b8b\u5c3d\uff0c\u665a\u949f\u4fc3\u843d\u6656\u3002
\u9ec4\u728a\u9e23\u8349\u539f\uff0c\u9036\u8fe4\u7f13\u7f13\u5f52\u3002
\u7530\u592b\u8377\u9504\u8d70\uff0c\u8d74\u5bb6\u610f\u6c89\u660f\u3002
\u7384\u51a5\u76c8\u5929\u5730\uff0c\u5b64\u5f71\u7acb\u4e7e\u5764\u3002
Now fades the glimmering landscape on the sight,
And all the air a solemn stillness holds,
Save where the beetle wheels his droning flight,
And drowsy tinklings lull the distant folds;
\u5915\u66db\u9010\u9eef\u6de1\uff0c\u665a\u666f\u6e10\u669d\u706d\u3002
\u4e07\u5316\u7686\u5043\u606f\uff0c\u9634\u8083\u7b3c\u56db\u91ce\u3002
\u552f\u89c1\u866b\u65cb\u821e\uff0c\u4f46\u95fb\u8bed\u5207\u5207\u3002
\u7267\u94c3\u58f0\u601d\u7761\uff0c\u50ac\u7f8a\u5165\u5708\u6b47\u3002
Save that, from yonder ivy-mantled tower,
The moping owl does to the moon complain
Of such as, wandering near her secret bower,
Molest her ancient solitary reign.
\u859c\u8354\u6447\u9752\u6c14\uff0c\u8499\u7edc\u7f69\u5c16\u9876\u3002
\u6816\u6816\u679d\u4e0a\u67ad\uff0c\u78d4\u78d4\u6028\u87fe\u5149\uff1a
\u7aa5\u6211\u79c1\u5de2\u4e45\uff0c\u5f98\u5f8a\u672a\u79bb\u4f11\u3002
\u53e4\u5df2\u957f\u5c45\u6b64\uff0c\u4f55\u4e8b\u6270\u6e05\u5e7d\u3002
Beneath those rugged elms, that yew-tree's shade
Where heaves the turf in many a mouldering heap,
Each in his narrow cell for ever laid,
The rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep.
\u5ce5\u5d58\u8038\u9752\u6986\uff0c\u853c\u853c\u7acb\u7d2b\u6749\u3002
\u7ff3\u4e0b\u591a\u8352\u575f\uff0c\u9686\u5192\u84bf\u8349\u95f4\u3002
\u9698\u9698\u89c1\u65b9\u7a74\uff0c\u5bc2\u5bc2\u957f\u7720\u4eba\u3002
\u6b32\u95ee\u8c01\u5043\u5367\uff0c\u91ce\u592b\u4e0e\u6751\u6c13\u3002
The breezy call of incense-breathing morn,
The swallow twittering from the straw-built shed,
The cock's shrill clarion, or the echoing horn,
No more shall rouse them from their lowly bed.
\u4fb5\u6653\u82b1\u9999\u90c1\uff0c\u7fe6\u7fe6\u98ce\u8f7b\u5524\u3002
\u8305\u5e90\u8349\u5802\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bb6\u71d5\u8bed\u5462\u5583\u3002
\u53f8\u6668\u96c4\u9e21\u557c\uff0c\u884c\u730e\u53f7\u89d2\u9e23\u3002
\u964b\u584c\u4e00\u5df2\u5367\uff0c\u4e07\u58f0\u83ab\u80fd\u9192\u3002
For them no more the blazing hearth shall burn,
Or busy housewife ply her evening care;
No children run to lisp their sire's return,
Or climb his knees the envied kiss to share.
\u7089\u819b\u706b\u70c1\u70c1\uff0c\u4e3b\u5987\u5fd9\u591c\u6d3b\u3002
\u70e7\u996d\u517c\u6dfb\u706b\uff0c\u6b64\u666f\u5df2\u4e0d\u590d\u3002
\u5a07\u513f\u5c1a\u5b66\u8bed\uff0c\u54d1\u54d1\u8fce\u7236\u5f52\u3002
\u722c\u819d\u4e89\u5ba0\u7231\uff0c\u65af\u666f\u4ea6\u96be\u8ffd\u3002
Oft did the harvest to their sickle yield;
Their furrow oft the stubborn glebe has broke;
How jocund did they drive their team afield!
How bowed the woods beneath their sturdy stroke!
\u6614\u5f80\u9570\u5200\u5229\uff0c\u884c\u5904\u7686\u62ab\u9761\u3002
\u7620\u571f\u7857\u8584\u5730\uff0c\u7281\u6c9f\u4ea6\u80fd\u7406\u3002
\u9a71\u9a7e\u4e8e\u5357\u4ea9\uff0c\u8026\u8015\u6b22\u65f6\u52a1\u3002
\u5343\u65a4\u6325\u5de8\u65a7\uff0c\u7fa4\u6797\u7eb7\u97a0\u4f0f\u3002
Let not ambition mock their useful toil,
Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;
Nor grandeur hear with a disdainful smile
The short and simple annals of the poor.
\u5984\u8005\u83ab\u5632\u8bbd\uff0c\u52b3\u788c\u7ec8\u6709\u529f\u3002
\u5fae\u8d31\u65e0\u987b\u53f9\uff0c\u5bb6\u4e50\u53ef\u9882\u626c\u3002
\u84ec\u6237\u5bb6\u53f2\u77ed\uff0c\u7b80\u7565\u4e0d\u8db3\u8000\u3002
\u6743\u8d35\u6216\u6709\u95fb\uff0c\u65e0\u4e3a\u76f8\u8ba5\u8bee\u3002
The boast of heraldry, the pomp of power,
And all that beauty, all that wealth e'er gave,
Awaits alike the inevitable hour:
The paths of glory lead but to the grave.
\u70ab\u70ab\u4e4b\u8c6a\u65cf\uff0c\u714c\u714c\u4e4b\u738b\u4faf\uff0c
\u7f8e\u8c8c\u6240\u62db\u5f95\uff0c\u8d22\u8d27\u6240\u6dfb\u8d2d\uff0c
\u6700\u7ec8\u7686\u96be\u514d\uff0c\u7070\u98de\u70df\u706d\u65f6\u3002
\u8363\u534e\u4f55\u8db3\u9053\uff0c\u767e\u5e74\u5f52\u4e18\u5784\u3002
曾祖父是第一代格雷伯爵的第二个儿子，是查尔斯·格雷首相的兄弟，祖父袭封男爵，父亲是陆军上校，他是父亲七个子女的长子，从小受到辉格党--自由党传统的熏陶。1882年继承祖父的爵位和产业。1885年到1916年任下院议员。1916年封子爵。当自由党再第二次布尔战争问题上发生分裂时，他站在赫伯特·亨利·阿斯奎斯为首的帝国主义分子一边，1905年12月出任外交大臣，在1906年的摩洛哥危机（第一次摩洛哥危机）期间，他继续奉行前任的亲法反德政策，他宣布，德国一旦进攻，英国将援助法国。他维护英日同盟，1907年与俄罗斯帝国缔结一项协定。1908年阿斯奎斯出任首相时，他蝉联原职，1911年第二次摩洛哥危机期间，他继续表示英国将保卫法国。费迪南大公在萨拉热窝被暗杀后，他和德皇威廉二世分别提出，奥匈帝国无需通过战争占领贝尔格莱德来从塞尔维亚那里得到满足，当所有的和平努力都失败后，他使内阁通过一项决议，德国一旦侵略中立国比利时，英国将进行干涉，而不必依靠和法国毫无把握的同盟。他1915年缔结《伦敦密约》，使意大利站在英国及其盟国一边，并开始争取美国支持协约国。1916年12月和阿斯奎斯一起离职。1919年被派往美国，劝说美国参加国际联盟，但无任何收获。1923-1924年尽管视力衰退，仍在上院任反对党（自由党）领袖。著有回忆录《二十五年，1892-1916》（1925） 。
绛旓細1916骞村皝瀛愮埖銆傚綋鑷敱鍏氬啀绗簩娆″竷灏旀垬浜夐棶棰樹笂鍙戠敓鍒嗚鏃讹紝浠栫珯鍦ㄨ但浼壒路浜ㄥ埄路闃挎柉濂庢柉涓洪鐨勫笣鍥戒富涔夊垎瀛愪竴杈癸紝1905骞12鏈堝嚭浠诲浜ゅぇ鑷ｏ紝鍦1906骞寸殑鎽╂礇鍝ュ嵄鏈猴紙绗竴娆℃懇娲涘摜鍗辨満锛夋湡闂达紝浠栫户缁琛屽墠浠荤殑浜叉硶鍙嶅痉鏀跨瓥锛屼粬瀹ｅ竷锛屽痉鍥戒竴鏃﹁繘鏀伙紝鑻卞浗灏嗘彺鍔╂硶鍥姐備粬缁存姢鑻辨棩鍚岀洘锛1907骞翠笌淇勭綏鏂笣鍥界紨缁...
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绛旓細宸 鍏 1970.06.19锛1974.03.04 鐖卞痉鍗路甯屾 淇濆畧鍏 1974.03.04锛1976.04.05 鍝堢綏寰仿峰▉灏旈 宸 鍏 1976.04.05锛1979.05.04 瑭瑰鏂峰崱鎷夋眽 宸 鍏 1979.05.04锛1990.11.28 鐜涙牸鍒╃壒路鎾掑垏灏 淇濆畧鍏 1990.11.28锛1997.05.02 绾︾堪路姊呮澃 淇濆畧鍏 1997.05.02锛嶆墭灏悸峰竷鑾卞皵宸 鍏 ...
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