国际象棋比赛中的字母意思? 国际象棋术语的英文对照
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notation\uff09\uff1a\u6709\u65f6\u6307\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u8bb0\u6cd5\u6216\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bb0\u6cd5\u3002\u8868\u793a\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u68cb\u6b65\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5927\u6982\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u7740\u6cd5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u8c61\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ee3\u6570\u8bb0\u6cd5\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u88ab\u7ed9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u4ece\u767d\u65b9\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u770b\uff0c\u7531\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u7ad6\u7ebf\u7528\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u793a\u4e3aa \u3001b \u3001c \u3001d \u3001e 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pair\uff09\uff1a\u53cc\u8c61\u5bf9\u4e00\u8c61\u4e00\u9a6c\u6216\u53cc\u9a6c\u3002\u53cc\u8c61\u5171\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u4e24\u4e2a\u989c\u8272\u7684\u659c\u7ebf\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u5f02\u8272\u683c\u8c61\u3002\u5c01\u9501\uff08Blockade\uff09\uff1a\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u5b50\uff08\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u662f\u9a6c\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\u653e\u5728\u654c\u5175\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u5b83\u524d\u8fdb\u3002\u7531\u5c3c\u59c6\u4f50\u7ef4\u5947\u666e\u53ca\u7684\u3002\u5927\u6f0f\u7740\uff08Blunder\uff09\uff1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e22\u5b50\u6216\u5bfc\u81f4\u5c40\u9762\u4e0a\u6216\u6218\u672f\u4e0a\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u8ba9\u6b65\u7684\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u7740\u6cd5\u3002\u7a81\u7834\uff08Breakthrough\uff09\uff1a\u4fb5\u5165\u654c\u4eba\u7684\u9635\u5730\u3002\u6613\u4f4d\uff08Castle\uff09\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u79fb\u52a8\u56fd\u738b\u548c\u8f66\u3002\u6613\u4f4d\u662f\u68cb\u624b\u5728\u4e00\u6b65\u68cb\u4e2d\u8d70\u4e24\u4e2a\u68cb\u5b50\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u8d70\u6cd5\u3002\u6613\u4f4d\u5141\u8bb8\u68cb\u624b\u79fb\u52a8\u4ed6\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u79bb\u5f00\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5230\u4fa7\u9762\uff08\u5f00\u5c40\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u5934\u620f\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u513f\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u5175\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6613\u4f4d\u51fa\u52a8\u4e86\u4e00\u53ea\u8f66\u3002\u5f53\u767d\u65b9\u738b\u7ffc\u6613\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u56fd\u738b\u4ecee1\u8d70\u5230g1\u5e76\u628a\u4ed6h1\u7684\u8f66\u8d70\u5230f1\u3002\u5f53\u9ed1\u65b9\u738b\u7ffc\u6613\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u56fd\u738b\u4ecee8\u8d70\u5230g8\u5e76\u628a\u4ed6h8\u7684\u8f66\u8d70\u5230f8\u3002\u5f53\u767d\u65b9\u540e\u7ffc\u6613\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u4ecee1\u8d70\u5230c1\u5e76\u628a\u4ed6a1\u8f66\u8d70\u5230d1\u3002\u800c\u5f53\u9ed1\u65b9\u540e\u7ffc\u6613\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u4ece e8\u8d70\u5230c8\u5e76\u628a\u4ed6a8\u8f66\u8d70\u5230d8\u3002\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08Center\uff09\uff1a\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u7531c3-c6-f6-f3\u683c\u56f4\u6210\u7684\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\u3002e4\uff0cd4\uff0ce5\u548cd5\u662f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\u3002e\u7ebf\u548cd\u7ebf\u662f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7ad6\u7ebf\u3002\u5c06\u6b7b\uff08Checkmate\uff09\uff1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u8131\u7684\u5bf9\u738b\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u5c06\u6b7b\u4ed6\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u56fd\u738b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u8d62\u4e86\u6b64\u5c40\u3002\u53e4\u5178\uff08Classical\uff09\uff1a\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u5175\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e0b\u6cd5\u3002\u53e4\u5178\u539f\u5219\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u6559\u6761\u548c\u987d\u56fa\u3002\u53e4\u5178\u68cb\u624b\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u6700\u7ec8\u53d7\u5230\u201c\u8d85\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u8d85\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u817e\u632a\uff08Clearance sacrifice\uff09\uff1a\u7528\u727a\u7272\u4e00\u4e2a\u788d\u4e8b\u68cb\u5b50\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u7740\u68cb\u8ba9\u8def\u3002\u5c01\u95ed\u6027\u5c40\u9762\uff08Closed game\uff09\uff1a\u7531\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5175\u94fe\u963b\u788d\u7740\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u9a6c\u5f3a\u4e8e\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5175\u963b\u62e6\u7740\u659c\u7ebf\u3002\u7ec4\u5408\uff08Combination\uff09\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u5c40\u9762\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u5e0c\u671b\u8fbe\u5230\u67d0\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u7684\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5f03\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f3a\u5236\u7740\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8def\u8054\u5175\uff08Connected passed pawns\uff09\uff1a\u5728\u6bd7\u90bb\u7684\u7ad6\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u540c\u6837\u989c\u8272\u7684\u901a\u8def\u5175\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u901a\u8def\u5175\u3002\u63a7\u5236\uff08Control\uff09\uff1a\u5b8c\u5168\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u68cb\u76d8\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u4e00\u6761\u7ad6\u7ebf\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\uff0c\u6216\u53ea\u662f\u6709\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u6784\u6210\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u53cd\u51fb\uff08Counterplay\uff09\uff1a\u5904\u4e8e\u9632\u5fa1\u7684\u68cb\u624b\u5f00\u59cb\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8fdb\u53d6\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u53eb\u53cd\u51fb\u3002\u675f\u7f1a\uff08Cramp\uff09\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u5403\u4e8f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u673a\u52a8\u6027\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5c40\u9762\uff08Critical position\uff09\uff1a\u5bf9\u5c40\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u80dc\u5229\u6216\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u70b9\u3002\u5f15\u5165\uff08Decoy\uff09\uff1a\u8bf1\u4f7f\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u683c\u5b50\u7684\u6218\u672f\u3002\u9632\u5fa1\uff08Defense\uff09\uff1a\u6709\u8ba1\u5212\u5730\u53cd\u5bf9\u654c\u4eba\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u6216\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u51e0\u6b65\u68cb\u3002\u4e5f\u7528\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u7531\u9ed1\u65b9\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u5f00\u5c40\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u9632\u5fa1\u548c\u5361\u7f57.\u5eb7\u9632\u5fa1\u3002\u5f15\u79bb\uff08Deflection\uff09\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u8d76\u8d70\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4fdd\u536b\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u762b\u75ea\u5bf9\u624b\u9632\u5fa1\u7684\u6218\u672f\u3002\u51fa\u5b50\uff08Development\uff09\uff1a\u628a\u68cb\u5b50\u4ece\u6700\u521d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8d70\u5230\u65b0\u5c97\u4f4d\u7684\u8d70\u5b50\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u548c\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u673a\u52a8\u6027\u3002\u95ea\u51fb\uff08Discovered attack\uff09\uff1a\u57cb\u4f0f\u3002\u738b\u540e\u3001\u8f66\u6216\u8c61\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u6216\u5175\u8ba9\u5f00\u4e86\u8def\u3002\u95ea\u5c06\uff08Discovered check\uff09\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u5c06\u60a8\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u738b\u7684\u95ea\u51fb\u3002\u53cc\u91cd\u653b\u51fb(Double attack\uff09\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u653b\u51fb\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u7740\u6cd5\u3002\u53cc\u5c06\uff08Double check)\uff1a\u6700\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u95ea\u51fb\uff0c\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u68cb\u5b50\u540c\u65f6\u5c06\u738b\u3002\u56fd\u738b\u88ab\u8feb\u64a4\u8d70\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u654c\u519b\u56e0\u800c\u81f3\u5c11\u505c\u987f\u4e00\u7740\u68cb\u3002\u53e0\u5175\uff08Doubled pawns\uff09\uff1a\u540c\u6837\u989c\u8272\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5175\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u6761\u7ad6\u7ebf\u4e0a\u3002\u53e0\u5175\u662f\u7528\u5175\u5403\u5b50\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u548c\u68cb\uff08Draw\uff09\uff1a\u5e73\u5c40\u3002\u548c\u68cb\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4ece\u65e0\u5b50\u53ef\u52a8\uff0c\u4e09\u6b21\u91cd\u590d\u5c40\u9762\u6216\u540c\u610f\u63d0\u548c\u6765\u7684\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u65e0\u5b50\u53ef\u52a8\uff1b\u4e09\u6b21\u91cd\u590d\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u7b49\u7ea7\u5206\uff08Elo rating\uff09\uff1a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u68cb\u624b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7531\u5bc6\u5c14\u6c83\u57fa\uff08Milwaukee\uff09\u7684Arpad Elo (1903-1993) \u6559\u6388\u6784\u60f3\u5e76\u88abFIDE\u57281970\u5e74\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u3002\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6709900\u5206\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u6210\u54581600\u5206\uff0c\u5dde\u51a0\u519b2300\u5206\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u51a0\u519b2800\u5206\u3002\u5403\u8fc7\u8def\u5175\uff08En passant\uff09\uff1a\u6cd5\u8bed\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u5f53\u5175\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e24\u4e2a\u683c\uff08\u53ea\u6709\u5b83\u4ee5\u524d\u672a\u8d70\u8fc7\uff09\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u90bb\u7ebf\u654c\u65b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a8\u8fdb\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u7b2c5\u7ebf\u7684\u5175\uff0c\u654c\u5175\u80fd\u5403\u6389\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5175\u597d\u50cf\u5b83\u53ea\u8d70\u4e86\u53ea\u4e00\u683c\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u654c\u5175\u5403\u4e0d\u5403\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f46\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u65f6\u673a\u51b3\u5b9a\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u5175\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u8d70\u6cd5\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6761\u4ef6\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\uff0c\u6743\u5229\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u6b8b\u5c40\uff08Endgame\uff09\uff1a\u5bf9\u5c40\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u540e\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6b8b\u5c40\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u5728\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002\u8fdb\u5165\u6b8b\u5c40\u7684\u6700\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u738b\u540e\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u6389\u4e86\u3002\u5747\u52bf\uff08Equality\uff09\uff1a\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u6216\u5404\u79cd\u4f18\u52bf\u603b\u4f53\u662f\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u4ea4\u6362\uff08Exchange\uff09\uff1a\u5151\u5b50\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u68cb\u5b50\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u76f8\u7b49\u3002\u5f97\u534a\u5b50\uff08Exchange,The\uff09\uff1a\u5236\u80dc\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u53ea\u8f66\uff085\u5206\uff09\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u9a6c\uff083\u5206\uff09\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u87f9\u773c\u8c61\uff08Fianchetto\uff09\uff1a\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8bed\u5728\u4fa7\u9762\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5e76\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8c61\u3002\u87f9\u773c\u8c61\u5bf9\u767d\u8c61\u5c31\u662f\u5728g2 \u6216b2\uff0c\u5bf9\u9ed1\u8c61\u5728g7 \u6216b7\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u68cb\u8054\uff08FIDE\uff09\uff1a\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u7f29\u7565\u8bcd\u3002\u7ad6\u7ebf\uff08File\uff09\uff1a\u5782\u76f4\u7684\u516b\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u3002\u7279\u6307\u4ee3\u6570\u8bb0\u8c31\u6cd5\u7684a\u7ebf\u3001b\u7ebf\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u534a\u5f00\u653e\u7ebf\uff1b\u5f00\u653e\u7ebf\u3002\u4fa7\u7ffc\uff08Flank\uff09\uff1aa\uff0cb\u548cc\u7ebf\u5728\u540e\u7ffc\uff0c\u800cf\uff0cg\u548ch\u7ebf\u5728\u738b\u7ffc\u3002\u5b50\u529b\uff08Force\uff09\uff1a\u7269\u8d28\u3002\u7269\u8d28\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u6bd4\u4ed6\u5bf9\u624b\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u6216\u4ed6\u5728\u68cb\u76d8\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u533a\u57df\u6bd4\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u4eba\u591a\u3002\u5f3a\u8feb\uff08Forced\uff09\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u707e\u5bb3\u800c\u5fc5\u987b\u8d70\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u6216\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7740\u6cd5\u3002\u6349\u53cc\uff08Fork\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u5b50\u540c\u65f6\u653b\u51fb\u654c\u65b9\u4e24\u4e2a\u68cb\u5b50\u6216\u5175\u7684\u6218\u672f\u8fd0\u5b50\u3002\u5f03\u5175\uff08Gambit\uff09\uff1a\u5f00\u5c40\u4e2d\u81ea\u613f\u727a\u7272\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u5175\uff0c\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u8865\u507f\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u4f18\u52bf\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u51fa\u5b50\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u5219\uff08General principles\uff09\uff1a\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6cd5\u5219\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u4f7f\u7a0d\u5dee\u7684\u68cb\u624b\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u4f5c\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7279\u7ea7\u5927\u5e08\u4f7f\u7528\u5f97\u6bd4\u60a8\u4f1a\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u8981\u591a\uff01\u5927\u7ec4\u5408\uff08Grande combination\uff09\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u8bb8\u591a\u6b65\u68cb\u548c\u8bb8\u591a\u7c7b\u578b\u6218\u672f\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u7279\u7ea7\u5927\u5e08\uff08Grandmaster\uff09\uff1a\u7531\u56fd\u9645\u68cb\u8054\u6388\u4e88\u68cb\u624b\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\uff0c\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6574\u5957\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9ad8\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u7b49\u7ea7\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u91cc\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\uff08\u9664\u4e16\u754c\u51a0\u519b\u4e4b\u5916\uff09\u3002\u4f4e\u4e9b\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\u5305\u62ec\u56fd\u9645\u5927\u5e08\u548c\u68cb\u8054\u5927\u5e08\uff0c\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u6bd4\u8d5b\u4e0a\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u8d62\u5f97\u7279\u7ea7\u5927\u5e08\u79f0\u53f7\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u64a4\u6d88\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u56fd\u9645\u7b49\u7ea7\u5206\uff1b\u5927\u5e08\u3002\u534a\u5f00\u653e\u7ebf\uff08Half-open file\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u6ca1\u6709\u5175\u4f46\u5bf9\u65b9\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5175\u3002\u60ac\uff08Hang\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u65e0\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u88ab\u7784\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u5f31\u683c\uff08Hole\uff09\uff1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u7531\u5175\u4fdd\u536b\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u7ed9\u68cb\u5b50\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u5bb6\u56e0\u4e3a\u68cb\u5b50\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u654c\u5175\u9a71\u8d76\u3002\u4ea6\u79f0\u524d\u54e8\u70b9\u3002\u8d85\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08Hypermodern\uff09\uff1a\u9488\u5bf9\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u53e4\u5178\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5b66\u6d3e\u3002\u8d85\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u575a\u6301\u5175\u5728\u5f00\u5c40\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u662f\u7406\u67e5?\u5217\u57fa\u548c\u4e9a\u4f26?\u5c3c\u59c6\u4f50\u7ef4\u5947\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4fe9\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u4fa7\u7ffc\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u8c61\u53e4\u5178\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u8d85\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6781\u7aef\u3002\u73b0\u4eca\uff0c\u4ece\u6b63\u53cd\u4e24\u9762\u770b\u597d\u8c61\u66f4\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u4e24\u79cd\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5347\u534e\u662f\u59a5\u5584\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u53e4\u5178\u3002\u4e3b\u52a8\u6743\uff08Initiative\uff09\uff1a\u5f53\u60a8\u8d70\u4e86\u80fd\u4ee4\u60a8\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u5fc5\u987b\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf4\u60a8\u62e5\u6709\u4e3b\u52a8\u6743\u3002\u57ab\uff08Interpose\uff09\uff1a\u628a\u68cb\u5b50\u6216\u5175\u653e\u5728\u654c\u65b9\u653b\u51fb\u68cb\u5b50\u548c\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u76f4\u89c9\uff08Intuition\uff09\uff1a\u7531\u201c\u611f\u89c9\u201d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u6f14\u7b97\u53d1\u73b0\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7740\u6cd5\u6216\u6218\u7565\u3002\u738b\u7ffc\uff08Kingside\uff09\uff1a\u68cb\u76d8\u7684\u4e00\u534a\uff0ce\u3001f\u3001g\u548ch\u7ebf\u3002\u738b\u7ffc\u4e0a\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u662f\u56fd\u738b\u3001\u5728\u5b83\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u8c61\u3001\u9a6c\u5728\u8c61\u7684\u65c1\u8fb9\uff0c\u800c\u8f66\u5728\u9a6c\u7684\u65c1\u8fb9\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u540e\u7ffc\u3002\u5c0f\u7a97\u53e3\uff08Luft\uff09\uff1a\u5fb7\u8bed\u7a7a\u6c14\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u91cc\uff0c\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7ed9\u56fd\u738b\u547c\u5438\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5b83\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u738b\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5175\u8d70\u4e86\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u5e95\u7ebf\u5c06\u6740\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5f3a\u5b50\uff08Major pieces\uff09\uff1a\u738b\u540e\u548c\u8f66\u3002\u4e5f\u53eb\u91cd\u5b50\u3002\u5927\u5e08(Master)\uff1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\u52062200\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u68cb\u624b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u68cb\u624b\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u5206\u4e0b\u964d\u52302200\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u79f0\u53f7\u88ab\u5e9f\u6b62\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u7279\u7ea7\u5927\u5e08\u3002\u5c06\u519b\uff08Mate\uff09\uff1a\u5c06\u6b7b\u7684\u7701\u7565\u8bed\u3002\u7269\u8d28\u7684\uff08Material\uff09\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u548c\u5175\u3002\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u68cb\u624b\u5728\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u6709\u6bd4\u5bf9\u624b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u6216\u68cb\u5b50\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u70b9\u6570\u3002\u4e2d\u5c40\uff08Middlegame\uff09\uff1a\u5f00\u5c40\u548c\u6b8b\u5c40\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bf9\u5c40\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u8f7b\u5b50\uff08Minor pieces\uff09\uff1a\u8c61\u548c\u9a6c\u3002\u673a\u52a8\u6027\uff08Mobility\uff09\uff1a\u68cb\u5b50\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u5360\u9886\uff08Occupation\uff09\uff1a\u8f66\u6216\u738b\u540e\u63a7\u5236\u4e00\u6761\u7ad6\u7ebf\u6216\u6a2a\u7ebf\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5360\u9886\u90a3\u6761\u7ebf\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u5b50\u88ab\u8bf4\u6210\u5360\u9886\u54ea\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u662f\u5b83\u6b63\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002\u516c\u5f00\u8d5b\uff08Open\uff09\uff1a\u6307\u4ec0\u4e48\u6c34\u5e73\u68cb\u624b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u8d5b\u3002\u867d\u7136\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u68cb\u624b\u6700\u7ec8\u78b0\u5230\u6bd4\u81ea\u5df1\u5f3a\u6216\u5f31\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u4f46\u5956\u52b1\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u662f\u6309\u7ec4\u522b\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u8d5b\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u662f\u6781\u7aef\u666e\u904d\u7684\u3002\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u5c40\u9762\uff08Open game\uff09\uff1a\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u6a2a\u7ebf\u3001\u7ad6\u7ebf\u6216\u659c\u7ebf\uff0c\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5175\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u4e2d\u51fa\u5b50\u9886\u5148\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5f00\u5c40\uff08Opening\uff09\uff1a\u5bf9\u5c40\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6700\u51fa\u7684\u5341\u51e0\u7740\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u7740\u6cd5\u7684\u603b\u548c\u3002\u5f00\u5c40\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5c3d\u5feb\u51fa\u52a8\u5b50\u529b\uff1b\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff1b\u5e76\u4e14\u53ca\u65e9\u6613\u4f4d\u4f7f\u56fd\u738b\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u628a\u8f66\u5c55\u5f00\u5230\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7ebf\u8def\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7ebf\u4e0a\u3002\u5f00\u5c40\uff08Openings\uff09\uff1a\u5bfc\u5411\u5f00\u5c40\u7684\u5927\u81f4\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7740\u6cd5\u6b21\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7740\u6cd5\u6b21\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u6216\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u547d\u540d\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5982\u738b\u7ffc\u5f03\u5175\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u5f0f\u5f00\u5c40\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u5f02\u8272\u683c\u8c61\uff08Opposite-colored Bishops\uff09\uff1a\u5f53\u68cb\u624b\u5404\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8c61\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8272\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u91cc\u3002\u5f02\u8272\u683c\u8c61\u6c38\u8fdc\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\u3002\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6269\u5f20\uff08Overextension\uff09\uff1a\u5f53\u5411\u524d\u63a8\u5175\u800c\u592a\u5feb\u5730\u83b7\u5f97\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u63a7\u5236\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u57df\uff0c\u68cb\u624b\u7684\u9635\u8425\u91cc\u5c31\u7559\u4e0b\u5f31\u70b9\u6216\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u524d\u8fdb\u4e86\u7684\u5175\u3002\u4ed6\u5c31\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6269\u5f20\u4e86\u3002\u8fc7\u8f7d\uff08Overworked piece\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u5b50\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u53c2\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4\u592a\u591a\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u68cb\u5b50\u3002\u901a\u8def\u5175\uff08Passed pawn\uff09\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u654c\u5175\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u5175\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5347\u53d8\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u5175\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u5347\u53d8\uff1b\u4f4e\u5347\u53d8\u3002\u5175\u578b\uff08Pawn structure\uff09\uff1a\u4e5f\u6307\u5175\u9aa8\u67b6\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5175\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u957f\u5c06\uff08Perpetual check\uff09\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u8ba9\u5bf9\u624b\u5904\u4e8e\u88ab\u5c06\u519b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f3a\u8feb\u5176\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u519b\u53ca\u88ab\u8feb\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u518d\u5c06\u800c\u91cd\u590d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5bf9\u5c40\u80fd\u88ab\u6c38\u8fdc\u8d70\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u5728\u5c40\u9762\u91cd\u590d\u4e4b\u540e\u5bf9\u5c40\u88ab\u5ba3\u5e03\u548c\u68cb\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u4e09\u6b21\u91cd\u590d\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u957f\u6349\uff08Perpetual pursuit\uff09\uff1a\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e8e\u957f\u5c06\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u6349\u7684\u662f\u8c61\uff0c\u9a6c\uff0c\u8f66\u6216\u738b\u540e\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e86\u56fd\u738b\u3002\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5408\uff08Petite combination\uff09\uff1a\u53ea\u6d89\u53ca\u51e0\u6b65\u68cb\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u7275\u5236\uff08Pin\uff09\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u653b\u51fb\u5bf9\u624b\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u6cd5\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u5426\u5219\u4ed6\u5c06\u4e22\u5931\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ef7\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u662f\u56fd\u738b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6218\u672f\u79f0\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\u7275\u5236\uff1b\u5f53\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u56fd\u738b\u5219\u79f0\u4e3a\u76f8\u5bf9\u7275\u5236\u3002\u8ba1\u5212\uff08Plan\uff09\uff1a\u68cb\u624b\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u7740\u6cd5\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u6216\u957f\u8fdc\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u70b9\u6570\uff08Point count\uff09\uff1a\u7ed9\u68cb\u5b50\u4e0b\u9762\u6570\u503c\u7684\u8bb0\u5206\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u56fd\u738b\u65e0\u4ef7\uff1b\u738b\u540e9\u70b9\uff1b\u8f665\u70b9\uff1b\u8c613\u70b9\uff1b\u9a6c3\u70b9\uff1b\u800c\u51751\u70b9\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u6307\u5357\u7ed9\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u70b9\u8ba1\u6570\u662f3.5\u70b9\u3002\u5c40\u9762\uff08Positional\uff09\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u957f\u8fdc\u8003\u8651\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u68cb\u6216\u8d70\u6cd5\u3002\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u5c0f\u4f18\u52bf\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5c40\u9762\u7684\u8d70\u6cd5\u3002\u5f00\u5c40\u51c6\u5907\uff08Prepared variation\uff09\uff1a\u4e13\u4e1a\u68cb\u624b\u666e\u904d\u5206\u6790\u4e66\u4e2d\u5f00\u5c40\u5e0c\u671b\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7740\u6cd5\u6216\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u5f53\u68cb\u624b\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ecf\u5e38\u5c06\u4fdd\u5b58\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51c6\u5907\u7684\u53d8\u7740\u81f3\u4fbf\u7528\u5b83\u5bf9\u4ed8\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u3002\u5347\u53d8\uff08Promotion\uff09\uff1a\u4e5f\u53eb\u53d8\u540e\u3002\u5f53\u5175\u8fbe\u5230\u7b2c8\u6a2a\u7ebf\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u88ab\u5347\u53d8\u4e3a\u540c\u6837\u989c\u8272\u7684\u8c61\u3001\u9a6c\u3001\u8f66\u6216\uff08\u6700\u5171\u540c\u5730\uff09\u738b\u540e\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u4f4e\u5347\u53d8\u3002\u6709\u6839\u901a\u8def\u5175\uff08Protected passed pawn\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u5175\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0b\u7684\u901a\u8def\u5175\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u901a\u8def\u5175\u3002\u540e\u7ffc\uff08Queenside\uff09\uff1a\u68cb\u76d8\u7684\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u5305\u62eca\u3001c\u3001b\u548cd\u7ebf\u3002\u540e\u7ffc\u4e0a\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u662f\u738b\u540e\u3001\u5728\u5b83\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u8c61\u3001\u5728\u8c61\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u9a6c\u548c\u5728\u9a6c\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u8f66\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u738b\u7ffc\u3002\u5b89\u9759\u7684\u4e00\u7740\uff08Quiet move\uff09\uff1a\u4e0d\u662f\u5403\u5b50\u3001\u5c06\u519b\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u4e0d\u6446\u67b6\u5b50\u7684\u7740\u6cd5\u3002\u5b89\u9759\u7684\u4e00\u7740\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u8fd0\u5b50\u6216\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u5403\u56de\u70b9\u6570\u3002\u6a2a\u7ebf\uff08Rank\uff09\uff1a\u6c34\u5e73\u6392\u5217\u7684\u516b\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u4ee3\u6570\u8bb0\u8c31\u6cd5\u4e2d\u8bb0\u4f5c\u7b2c1\u7ebf\uff0c\u7b2c2\u7ebf\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u7b49\u7ea7\u5206\uff08rating\uff09\uff1a\u8861\u91cf\u68cb\u624b\u76f8\u5bf9\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u6570\u5b57\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u68cb\u624b\u8d8a\u5f3a\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u56fd\u9645\u7b49\u7ea7\u5206\u3002\u8ba4\u8f93\uff08Resign\uff09\uff1a\u5f53\u68cb\u624b\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4ed6\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7b49\u5230\u5c06\u6b7b\u5c31\u5ba2\u6c14\u5730\u653e\u5f03\u6bd4\u8d5b\u3002\u8ba4\u8f93\u65f6\uff0c\u68cb\u624b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u8ba4\u8f93\uff0c\u201d\u6216\u4ed6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u653e\u5012\u3002\u5f53\u60a8\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e0b\u68cb\uff0c\u6211\u63a8\u8350\u7edd\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8f93\u3002\u603b\u4ece\u5934\u8d70\u5230\u5c3e\u3002\u6d6a\u6f2b(Romantic)\uff1a\u4ece19 \u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u5230\u5176\u4e2d\u53f6\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u7684\u6d6a\u6f2b\uff08\u6216\u7537\u5b50\uff09\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u5f03\u5b50\u548c\u653b\u51fb\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7537\u5b50\u6c14\u6982\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f03\u5b50\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u602f\u61e6\u53ef\u803b\u7684\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6709\u4e3a\u5927\u80c6\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u5f03\u5b50\u503e\u5411\u7684\u68cb\u624b\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u8bd5\u63a2\u5730\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u53eb\u4f5c\u6d6a\u6f2b\u3002\u7687\u5bb6\u6349\u53cc\uff08Royal fork\uff09\uff1a\u653b\u51fb\u56fd\u738b\u548c\u738b\u540e\u7684\u6349\u53cc\u3002\u5f03\u5b50\uff08Sacrifice\uff09\uff1a\u4e3a\u83b7\u53d6\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5175\u578b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u5b50\u529b\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u68cb\u76d8\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b50\u529b\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u597d\u5904\u800c\u81ea\u613f\u653e\u5f03\u7269\u8d28\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f03\u5b50\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5e76\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u7b80\u5316\uff08Simplify\uff09\uff1a\u4ea4\u6362\u68cb\u5b50\u662f\u5c40\u9762\u5b89\u9759\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6d88\u706d\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u6216\u6f84\u6e05\u5c40\u52bf\u3002\u7a7f\u4e32\uff08Skewer\uff09\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u88ab\u8feb\u8d70\u5f00\u800c\u5141\u8bb8\u5403\u6389\u5b83\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ef7\u503c\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u3002\u95f7\u6740\uff08Smothered checkmate\uff09\uff1a\u5f53\u56fd\u738b\u88ab\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u5b8c\u5168\u5730\u56f4\u62e2\uff08\u6216\u662f\u5728\u68cb\u76d8\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\uff09\u5e76\u4e14\u53d7\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u5c06\u519b\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u88ab\u95f7\u6740\u5c06\u6b7b\u4e86\u3002\u95f7\u6740\u7ecf\u5e38\u7531\u9a6c\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08Space\uff09\uff1a\u7531\u5404\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u9886\u5730\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u6570\uff08Space count\uff09\uff1a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u8c01\u63a7\u5236\u66f4\u591a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u90a3\u4e00\u4fa7\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u4e3a1\u70b9\uff0c\u88ab\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u6216\u5175\u63a7\u5236\u5c31\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5bf9\u65b9\u3002\u5192\u9669\uff08Speculative move\uff09\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7740\u6cd5\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u68cb\u624b\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u9760\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5192\u9669\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u3002\u7ecf\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5f03\u5b50\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u767d\u65b9\u8d70\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5192\u9669\u7684\u5f03\u5b50\u4e4b\u7c7b\u3002\u65e0\u5b50\u53ef\u52a8\uff08Stalemate\uff09\uff1a\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u91cc\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u654c\u5bf9\u7684\u4e24\u652f\u90e8\u961f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bf9\u5cd9\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u672f\u8bed\u91cc\uff0c\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u88ab\u675f\u7f1a\u5f97\u5f88\u5389\u5bb3\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u4efb\u4e00\u5408\u4e4e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8d70\u6cd5\u90fd\u5c06\u66b4\u9732\u4ed6\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5c06\u519b\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u65e0\u5b50\u53ef\u52a8\u662f\u548c\u68cb\uff08\u5e73\u5c40\uff09\u3002\u6218\u7565\uff08Strategy\uff09\uff1a\u601d\u8003\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u68cb\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u5212\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u7814\u7a76\uff08Study\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u6216\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6218\u672f\u4e3b\u9898\u53d8\u5f97\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u98ce\u683c\uff08Style\uff09\uff1a\u68cb\u624b\u4e0b\u68cb\u7684\u8def\u6570\uff0c\u53cd\u5c04\u4ed6\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u548c\u504f\u597d\u3002\u68cb\u624b\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7740\u6cd5\u98ce\u683c\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u68cb\u624b\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5728\u6bd4\u8d5b\u4e2d\u5178\u578b\u7684\u662f\u98ce\u683c\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u9759\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u68cb\u624b\uff09\uff0c\u4f18\u80dc\u8005\u5c06\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5f3a\u52a0\u4ed6\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002\u6218\u672f\uff08Tactics\uff09\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u4e89\u53d6\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u8c03\u9063\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u9677\u9631\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u81ea\u7136\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6218\u672f\u7684\u3002\u5148\u624b\uff08Tempo\uff09\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65f6\u95f4\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u68cb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u68cb\u5b50\u5230\u8fbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u7528\u4e00\u7740\u68cb\u4f46\u5374\u8d70\u4e86\u4e24\u6b65\uff0c\u90a3\u5b83\u5931\u53bb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u624b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728l.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.Qxd4 Nc6\u4e4b\u540e\u3002\u9ed1\u65b9\u83b7\u4e00\u5148\u800c\u767d\u65b9\u5219\u5931\u53bb\u4e00\u5148\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u767d\u738b\u540e\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u5fc5\u987b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u8d70\u738b\u540e\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u7406\u8bba\uff08Theory\uff09\uff1a\u4e66\u91cc\u7684\u8457\u540d\u5f00\u5c40\u3001\u4e2d\u5c40\u548c\u6b8b\u5c40\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u4e09\u6b21\u91cd\u590d\u5c40\u9762\uff08Three-time repetition of position\uff09\uff1a\u5f53\u68cb\u624b\u6765\u56de\u8d70\u5b50\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u540c\u6837\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u7269\u8d28\u4e0a\u843d\u540e\u6700\u540e\u8981\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u68cb\u624b\uff0c\u5f03\u5b50\u6c42\u5f97\u957f\u5c06\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u957f\u5c06\uff09\u3002\u4e09\u6b21\u91cd\u590d\u5c40\u9762\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u548c\u68cb\uff08\u5e73\u5c40\uff09\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\uff08Time\uff09\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\uff0c\u9664\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u4e4b\u5916\uff08\u201c\u9ed1\u65b9\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u963b\u6b62\u767d\u65b9\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u6307\u51fa\u5b50\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4e5f\u6307\u601d\u8003\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u65e2\u68cb\u949f\u4e0a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u65f6\u95f4\u63a7\u5236\uff1b\u5148\u624b\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u63a7\u5236\uff08Time control\uff09\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u5fc5\u987b\u8d70\u5b8c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6b65\u6570\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u6bd4\u8d5b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u75282 \u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u5b8c\u621040\u6b65\u3002\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u8d70\u5b8c40\u6b65\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u88ab\u7ed9\u4ee5\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u901a\u5e381 \u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f620\u6b65\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u68cb\u624b\u7528\u5c3d\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u8d70\u5b8c\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u6b65\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5c40\u9762\u5982\u4f55\u4ed6\u90fd\u88ab\u5224\u8d1f\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u6050\u614c\uff08Time pressure\uff09\uff1a\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u6bd4\u8d5b\u5bf9\u5c40\u4e2d\u6700\u6263\u4eba\u5fc3\u5f26\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u68cb\u624b\u7528\u5b8c\u68cb\u949f\u4e0a\u7684\u51b3\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u4ecd\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u6b65\u68cb\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u89c4\u5b9a\u768440\u621645\u6b65\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5feb\u901f\u8d70\u68cb\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5728\u75af\u72c2\u7684\u6050\u614c\u4e2d\u6254\u4e0b\u68cb\u5b50\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u5927\u6f0f\u7740\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u68cb\u624b\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u573a\u6bd4\u8d5b\u90fd\u8fdb\u5165\u65f6\u95f4\u6050\u614c\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u6050\u614c\u7656\u3002\u4ea4\u6c47\u70b9\uff08Transposition\uff09\uff1a\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5f00\u5c40\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u9632\u5fa1\u76841.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 \u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u80fd\u75311.d4 e6 2.e4 d5 \u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u9677\u9631\uff08Trap\uff09\uff1a\u6697\u4e2d\u8bf1\u4f7f\u5bf9\u624b\u72af\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f4e\u5347\u53d8\uff08Underpromotion\uff09\uff1a\u5175\u53d8\u6210\u6bd4\u540e\u5c0f\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u3002
国际象棋的一些常用缩写：
W = win 胜. D = draw 和. L = lose 输.
1-0 黑方负(白方胜) Black resigns (White wins)
0-1 白方负(黑方胜) White resigns (Black wins)
1/2-1/2 和局 Draw agreed
! 好着或最好着 Good or best move
? 劣着或错着 Bad move or mistake
(?) 有疑问 Questionable
!? 有兴趣着(冒险)；激烈着法 Interesting (risky)
?! 可疑着(太冒险) Dubious (too risky)
!! 极好着；灿烂的着法 Excellent or brilliant move
?? 大错；大漏着 Blunder
+- 白方有致胜优势；白胜势 White has a winning advantage
+/- 白方有明显优势 White has a clear advantage
+= 白方有轻微优势；白略优 White has a slight advantage
& 情况不明朗 unclear
~ 大致均等 about equal
=/& 子力(付出)有补偿 with compensation for material
=+ 黑方有轻微优势；黑略优 Black has a slight advantage
-/+ 黑方有明显优势 Black has a clear advantage
-+ 黑方有致胜优势；黑胜势 Black has a winning advantage
# 将死 centre (hash also used for mate)
=>/<= 持有反击 with counterplay
R 多种不同选择 Various alternatives
/\ 构思是……；想法是…… with the idea
or 更好 better
BB 双象
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