网络层中哪些协议属于TCP哪些属于UDP？ 基于TCP的应用层协议、与基于UDP的应用层协议分别有哪些？
tcp\u548cudp\u5206\u522b\u5728osi\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u54ea\u4e00\u5c42\uff1f\u8fd8\u6709\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u91cc\u54ea\u4e9b\u5c42\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8bf7\u81ea\u5df1\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u8c22\u8c22TCP\u548cUDP\u534f\u8bae\u90fd\u662f\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002
OSI\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u4ece\u5e95\u81f3\u9876\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\uff1a \u7269\u7406\u5c42\u3001\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u3001\u8fd0\u8f93\u5c42\u3001\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5c42\u3001\u8868\u793a\u5c42\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u3002
\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u529f\u80fd\uff1a
\u3000\u3000\u2460\u63d0\u4f9b\u7269\u7406\u94fe\u8def\u6240\u9700\u7684\u673a\u68b0\uff08\u8bbe\u5907\uff09\u3001\u7535\u6c14\uff08\u4fe1\u53f7\uff09\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u89c4\u7a0b\uff08\u5355\u5de5\u3001\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u3001\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\uff09
\u3000\u3000\u2461\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u89c4\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u2462\u5411\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\uff08\u628a\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff09\u548c\u7535\u8def\u6807\u8bc6\u3001\u6545\u969c\u72b6\u6001\u53ca\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u7b49
2 \u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42
\u3000\u3000\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4ece\u6e90\u5f00\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u5411\u76ee\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c4f\u853d\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002
3 \u7f51\u7edc\u5c42
\u3000\u3000\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5bfb\u5740\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u6709\u5173\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u6709\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6307\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f20\u8f93\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\uff09\u540c\u4e00LAN\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u8be5\u5c42
4 \u4f20\u8f93\u5c42
\u3000\u3000\u6570\u636e\u6838\u5bf9\u548c\u521d\u6b65\u6574\u7406\u3002
5 \u4f1a\u8bdd\u5c42
\u3000\u3000\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u95f4\u5546\u201d\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u201c\u552e\u540e\u670d\u52a1\u201d
6 \u8868\u793a\u5c42
\u3000\u3000\u9690\u85cf\u4e0d\u540c\u786c\u4ef6\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e0d\u540c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e92\u8054\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528
7 \u5e94\u7528\u5c42
\u3000\u3000\u63d0\u4f9bOSI\u7528\u6237\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u6570\u636e\u68c0\u7d22\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a
\u659c\u7ebf\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4ee3\u8868\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u659c\u7ebf\u540e\u9762\u8868\u793atcp\u548cudp\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u662f\u534f\u8bae\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5e2e\u5230\u4f60\uff01
21/tcp FTP \u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae
22/tcp SSH \u5b89\u5168\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u9001(SCP)\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411
23/tcp Telnet \u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u9001
25/tcp SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (E-mail)
69/udp TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
79/tcp finger Finger
80/tcp HTTP \u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u9001\u534f\u8bae (WWW)
88/tcp Kerberos Authenticating agent
110/tcp POP3 Post Office Protocol (E-mail)
113/tcp ident old identification server system
119/tcp NNTP used for usenet newsgroups
220/tcp IMAP3
443/tcp HTTPS used for securely transferring web pages
应用层中SNMP,DHCP,DNS,RIP,NetBIOS,SMB,CIFS等是基于UDP的；HTTP,TELNET,FTP,SMTP,POP3,IMAP等是基于TCP的。
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绛旓細TCP/IP妯″瀷锛屾垨绉颁负TCP/IP鍗忚鏃忥紝鏄簰鑱旂綉鐨勫熀纭锛屽畠鏄竴绯诲垪缃戠粶鍗忚鐨勬荤О銆傝繖浜涘崗璁彲浠ヤ娇寰楃數瀛愯澶囧湪璁＄畻鏈缃戠粶涓瀹炵幇閫氫俊銆傚湪TCP/IP妯″瀷涓紝缃戦檯灞鏄叾涓殑涓灞傦紝涓昏璐熻矗鍦ㄧ綉缁滀腑浼犺緭鏁版嵁銆侷P鍗忚鏄缃戦檯灞傜殑鏍稿績锛屽畠璐熻矗鍦ㄧ綉缁滀笂璺敱鍜屼紶杈撴暟鎹傛瘡涓湪缃戠粶涓婄殑璁惧閮借鍒嗛厤涓涓敮涓鐨処P鍦板潃锛...
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绛旓細5銆両P鍗忚鎻愪緵鐨勬湇鍔＄被鍨嬪彲浠ユ牴鎹(寤惰繜銆佸悶鍚愮巼銆佸彲闈犳у拰閫氫俊璐圭敤)鏉ュ尯鍒嗐3鍦TCP/IP鍗忚鏃忎腑锛(IP)鍗忚灞炰簬缃戠粶灞鐨勬棤杩炴帴鍗忚銆3鍦ㄤ互澶綉鍗忚涓紝鍑虹幇鍙戦佸啿绐佹椂閲囩敤(浜岃繘鍒舵寚鏁板悗閫)绠楁硶銆6銆両S(IntermediateSystem锛屼腑闂寸郴缁)锛氭寚鐨勬槸OSI涓殑璺敱鍣ㄣ侷S-IS(IntermediateSystemtoIntermediateSystem锛...
绛旓細涓夊眰(瀵瑰簲OSI鐨勭鍥涘眰)銆俆CP鍜孖P鏄疶CP/IP鍗忚绨囩殑涓棿涓ゅ眰锛屾槸鏁翠釜鍗忚绨囩殑鏍稿績锛岃捣鍒颁簡鎵夸笂鍚笅鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ1銆佹帴鍙ｅ眰 TCP/IP鐨勬渶浣庡眰鏄帴鍙ｅ眰锛屽父瑙佺殑鎺ュ彛灞傚崗璁鏈夛細Ethernet 802.3銆乀oken Ring 802.5銆乆.25銆丗rame reley銆丠DLC銆丳PP绛夈2銆缃戠粶灞 缃戠粶灞傚寘鎷細IP(Internet Protocol)鍗忚銆両CMP...
绛旓細TCP/IP涓殑鍗忚 浠ヤ笅绠鍗曚粙缁峊CP/IP涓殑鍗忚閮藉叿澶囦粈涔堟牱鐨勫姛鑳斤紝閮芥槸濡備綍宸ヤ綔鐨勶細1锛 IP 缃戦檯鍗忚IP鏄疶CP/IP鐨勫績鑴忥紝涔熸槸缃戠粶灞備腑鏈閲嶈鐨勫崗璁侷P灞傛帴鏀剁敱鏇翠綆灞傦紙缃戠粶鎺ュ彛灞備緥濡備互澶綉璁惧椹卞姩绋嬪簭锛夊彂鏉ョ殑鏁版嵁鍖咃紝骞舵妸璇ユ暟鎹寘鍙戦佸埌鏇撮珮灞---TCP鎴朥DP灞傦紱鐩稿弽锛孖P灞備篃鎶婁粠TCP鎴朥DP灞傛帴鏀舵潵...
绛旓細TCP鍜孶DP閮鏄浼犺緭灞傜殑鍗忚锛屼綅浜缃戠粶灞涔嬩笂锛孡Z闂殑搴斿綋鏄簲鐢ㄥ眰鐨勫崗璁惂锛熷簲鐢灞備腑SNMP,DHCP,DNS,RIP,NetBIOS,SMB,CIFS绛夋槸鍩轰簬UDP鐨勶紱HTTP,TELNET,FTP,SMTP,POP3,IMAP绛夋槸鍩轰簬TCP鐨勩
绛旓細TCP/IP鍗忚鍦↖nternet涓殑杩愮敤寰堝寰堝鏉傦紝鎴戜滑鏃ュ父鐢ㄥ埌鐨勫熀鏈兘鏄疶CP/IP鍗忚锛涗妇涓浜涘父鐢ㄧ殑渚嬪瓙锛氬簲鐢ㄥ眰锛欻TTP,FTP,SMTP,TELNET,POP3锛孨NTP,IMAP4,NTP,TFTP,SNMP绛夌瓑锛岀被浼肩殑杩樻湁寰堝缁嗚嚧鐨勫垎绫汇傝〃绀哄眰锛歀PP,NMSSN,XDP绛夌瓑銆備細璇濆眰锛歋SL,TSL,DAP,LDAP,RPC绛夌瓑 缃戠粶灞锛欵GP,RIP2.ODPF,EIGRP,VRRP...
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