据一相对分子质量为74的有机物A的红外光谱图显示，A含有对称的CH2、对称的CH3和一个醚键，则A是什么？ (1)有机物A的相对分子质量为74，其红外光谱图如图所示，请...
\u2160\uff0e\u67d0\u6709\u673a\u7269A\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u786e\u5b9a\uff1a\u2460\u6d4b\u5b9a\u542bC\u3001H\u3001O\u4e09\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u2461\u6709\u673a\u7269A\u7684\u8d28\u8c31\u56fe1\u548c\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u8c31\u56fe2\u5206\u522b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\uff081\uff09A\u2160\uff0e\uff081\uff09\u8d28\u8c31\u56fe\u53ef\u77e5\u8be5\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u539f\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a74\uff0c\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u8c31\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u7532\u57fa\u3001\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u4e9a\u7532\u57fa\u548c\u919a\u952e\u53ef\u5f97\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1aCH3CH2OCH2CH3\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aCH3CH2OCH2CH3\uff1b\u2161\uff0e\uff082\uff09\u6709\u673a\u7269\u4e2d\u6c27\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u4e3a37.21%\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7100\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u6570\u76eeN\uff08O\uff09\uff1c100\u00d737.21%16=2.3\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u7269\u80fd\u4e0e\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u53cd\u5e94\u4ea7\u751f\u65e0\u8272\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u542b\u6709-COOH\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5206\u5b50\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a=16\u00d7237.21%=86\uff0e\u6709\u673a\u7269\u542b\u6709\u7fa7\u57fa\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u71c3\u70e7\u53ea\u751f\u6210CO2\u548cH2O\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6709\u673a\u7269X\u7531C\u3001H\u3001O\u4e09\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\uff0e\u4ee4\u70c3\u57fa\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3aCnHm-\uff0c\u70c3\u57fa\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a86-45=41\uff0c\u6240\u4ee512n+m=41\uff0c\u82e5n=1\uff0c\u5219m=29\uff08\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\uff09\uff1b\u82e5n=2\uff0c\u5219m=17\uff08\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\uff09\uff1b\u82e5n=3\uff0c\u5219m=5\uff08\u7b26\u5408\uff09\uff1b\u6240\u4ee5\u70c3\u57fa\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3aC3H5-\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u7269X\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6eb4\u7684\u56db\u6c2f\u5316\u78b3\u6eb6\u6db2\u892a\u8272\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u70c3\u57fa\u4e2d\u542b\u67091\u4e2a\uff0c\u5219\u6709\u673a\u7269\u4e3aC3H5-COOH\uff0c\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6c22\u8c31\u67093\u4e2a\u5cf0\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u67093\u79cd\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff1b\u2162\uff0e\uff083\uff09\u624b\u6027\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a\uff1b\u5229\u7528\u6b8b\u57fa\u6cd5\uff0cX\u4e3a-C5H9O2\uff0cE\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u94f6\u955c\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6709\u919b\u57fa\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0e\u78b3\u9178\u6c22\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6709\u7fa7\u57fa\uff0c\u5219X\u4e2d\u6709\u7fa7\u57fa\uff0c\u5373-C4H8COOH\uff0c\u3001\u3001\u3001\u3001\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u4e0e\u82ef\u73af\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u517112\u79cd\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a4\uff1b12\uff1b\u2163\uff0e\u6839\u636eCH3CH2OH\u5728Cu\u6216Ag\u4f5c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53ef\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u4e3aCH3CHO\uff0cCH3CHO\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u751f\u6210CH3COOH\uff0c\u7532\u82ef\u5728\u5149\u7167\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4e0e\u6c2f\u6c14\u53d1\u751f\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u5728\u78b1\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6c34\u89e3\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u4e0eCH3COOH\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u53ef\u751f\u6210\uff1b\uff084\uff09\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u77e5C\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4e0eCH3COOH\u53d1\u751f\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff1b\u916f\u5316\u6216\u53d6\u4ee3\uff1b\uff085\uff09\u53cd\u5e94\u2460\u4e3aCH3CH2OH\u5728Cu\u6216Ag\u4f5c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53ef\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u4e3aCH3CHO\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a2CH3CH2OH+O2Cu\u25b32CH3CHO+2H2O\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a2CH3CH2OH+O2Cu\u25b32CH3CHO+2H2O\uff1b\uff086\uff09\u53cd\u5e94\u2460\u4e3a\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u2461\u4e3a2CH3CHO+O2\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u25b32CH3COOH\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u2462\u4e3a\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e09\u4e2a\u53cd\u5e94\u53ef\u77e5\u53cd\u5e94\u2461\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4e3a100%\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\u2461\uff0e
(1)CH 3 CH 2 -O-CH 2 CH 3 (2)CH 3 -O-CH 3
乙醚 CH3CH2OCH2CH3绛旓細51%锛屾哀鍏冪礌璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟涓猴細1-64.86%-13.52=21.63%锛屽垯璇ョ墿璐ㄤ腑纰炽佹阿銆佹哀鍘熷瓙涓暟涔嬫瘮=64.86%12锛13.51%1锛21.63%16=4锛10锛1锛屾墍浠ュ叾瀹為獙寮忎负锛欳4H10O锛岃瀹為獙寮忕殑寮忛噺涓74锛岃鏈夋満鐗鐨鐩稿鍒嗗瓙璐ㄩ噺涓74锛屽垯璇ユ湁鏈虹墿鐨勫垎瀛愬紡涓庡疄楠屽紡鐩稿悓锛岄兘鏄疌4H10O锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細C4H10O锛
绛旓細璁惧垎瀛愬紡涓篊xHyOz CxHyOz + 锛坸+y/4+z/2锛塐2 鈫 xCO2 + 锛坹/2锛塇2O 鏌愬惈姘鏈夋満鐗锛屽畠鐨鐩稿鍒嗗瓙璐ㄩ噺涓74 7.4g璇ュ惈姘ф湁鏈虹墿鍏呭垎鐕冪儳锛岃鏄庤鏈夋満鐗╀负0.1mol 閫氳繃娴撶～閰稿悗澧為噸5.4g璇存槑鐕冪儳浜х墿涓惈鏈塇2O 0.3mol锛圚鍏ㄩ儴鏉ユ簮浜庢湁鏈虹墿锛屼负0.6mol锛夐氳繃瓒抽噺婢勬竻鐭崇伆姘村悗鏈30g鐧借壊娌夋穩...
绛旓細锛1锛74 锛 C 3 H 6 O 2 锛 2 锛 1锛1 锛 CH 3 COOCH 3 +NaOH CH 3 COONa + CH 3 OH 锛2锛夛紙3锛? 鏍规嵁璐ㄨ氨鍥惧彲鐭ワ紝璇鏈夋満鐗鐨鐩稿鍒嗗瓙璐ㄩ噺涓74锛涚敱绾㈠鍏夎氨鍥惧彲鐪嬪嚭璇ュ垎瀛愪腑鏈変笉瀵圭ОCH 3 锛屽洜姝よ鍒嗗瓙涓湁2涓狢H 3 锛岀敱鍥句篃鍙互鐪嬪嚭鍚湁纰虫哀鍙岄敭锛岀⒊姘...
绛旓細鏁呭叾鍒嗗瓙寮忎负C4H10O锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細74锛孋4H10O锛涒憿璇鏈夋満鐗鍦ㄦ牳纾佸叡鎸阿璋变腑鍑虹幇鍥涗釜宄帮紝鍏舵阿鍘熷瓙涓暟姣斾负6锛1锛2锛1锛岃鏄庢湁鍥涚姘紝璇ユ湁鏈虹墿涓庨噾灞為挔鍙嶅簲浜х敓姘㈡皵锛岃鏄庡惈缇熷熀锛屾晠A鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负锛涳紙CH3锛2CHCH2OH锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細锛圕H3锛2CHCH2OH锛涒懀锛圕H3锛2CHCH2OH鍦ㄦ祿纭吀浣滅敤涓嬪彂鐢熸秷鍘诲弽搴...
绛旓細鑳戒笌閽犲弽搴旂敓鎴愭阿姘斿彲鑳芥湁缇熷熀鎴栫晶鍩,涓庣⒊閰搁挔涓嶅弽搴斿垯璇存槑涓嶅惈缇у熀.缇熷熀鍙兘鏄唶缇熷熀鎴栭厷缇熷熀,钂告苯瀵规阿姘旂殑鐩稿瀵嗗害涓37,鐩稿鍒嗗瓙璐ㄩ噺涓74,浣嗘渶绠鍗曠殑閰氭槸鑻厷,鐩稿鍒嗗瓙璐ㄩ噺澶т簬74,鏁呭彧鑳芥槸閱囩緹鍩.涓涓緹鍩虹殑鐩稿鍒嗗瓙璐ㄩ噺涓17,74-17=57,鍓╀笅鐨勭浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忓氨鏄57,鑻ユ鏈夋満鐗鏈5涓⒊(鏄剧劧涓嶅彲鑳)...
绛旓細鍙嶅簲鍚庣敓鎴愮殑锛歯(CO2)=4.48/22.4 mol=0.2mol n(H2O)=4.5/18 mol=0.25mol 鐢辨鍙煡C銆丠鍏冪礌鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忓垎鍒槸0.2mol銆0.5mol锛岃鏄庤繖涓湁鏈虹墿涓瑿銆丠鍘熷瓙鏁板垎鍒槸4銆10锛屼篃璇存槑鏈夋満鐗╀腑杩樺惈鏈塐鍏冪礌銆侰4H10鐩稿鍒嗗瓙璐ㄩ噺鍙湁58锛岃屾鏈夋満鐗╃浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忔槸74锛岃鏄庤繕鍚湁涓涓狾鍘熷瓙 锛1...
绛旓細纰崇殑璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟鏄64.86%锛屾阿鐨勮川閲忓垎鏁版槸13.51%锛屾哀鍏冪礌璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟涓猴細1-64.86%-13.52=21.63%锛屽垯璇ョ墿璐ㄤ腑纰炽佹阿銆佹哀鍘熷瓙涓暟涔嬫瘮= 64.86%/12锛13.51%/1锛氾紙1-64.86%-13.51%):16 =4锛10锛1锛屾墍浠ュ叾瀹為獙寮忎负锛欳4H10O锛岃瀹為獙寮忕殑寮忛噺涓74锛岃鏈夋満鐗鐨鐩稿鍒嗗瓙璐ㄩ噺涓74锛屽垯璇ユ湁...
绛旓細鈪狅紟锛1锛夎川璋卞浘鍙煡璇鏈夋満鐗鐨勭浉瀵瑰師瀛璐ㄩ噺涓74锛岀孩澶栧厜璋卞浘鏄剧ず瀛樺湪瀵圭О鐨勭敳鍩恒佸绉扮殑浜氱敳鍩哄拰閱氶敭鍙緱鍒嗗瓙鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负锛欳H3CH2OCH2CH3锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細CH3CH2OCH2CH3锛涒叀锛庯紙2锛夋湁鏈虹墿涓哀鍏冪礌鐨勮川閲忓垎鏁颁负37.21%锛鐩稿鍒嗗瓙璐ㄩ噺涓嶈秴杩100锛屾墍浠ュ垎瀛愪腑姘у師瀛愭暟鐩甆锛圤锛夛紲100脳37.21%16=2.3锛...
绛旓細鐢辨鍥捐浆鍖栧叧绯诲強B鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忓彲鎺ㄧ煡锛孉鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负 銆(1)C涓虹敳閰搞侲涓惈鏈夌殑瀹樿兘鍥负锛氣擟HO銆佲擟OO鈥斻鏈夋満鐗B涓惈鏈夌晶鍩恒佺緹鍩恒佽嫰鐜紝缇у熀銆佺緹鍩哄彲浠ュ彂鐢熼叝鍖栧弽搴旓紝鍗冲彇浠ｅ弽搴旓紝閱囩緹鍩哄彲浠ュ彂鐢熸秷鍘诲弽搴旂敓鎴愮⒊纰冲弻閿紝杩樺彲浠ヨ姘у寲涓洪啗鍩猴紝鑻幆鍙互涓嶩 2 鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭潯浠朵笅鍔犳垚涓虹幆宸辩兎缁撴瀯銆(2)...
绛旓細48mol锛璐ㄩ噺涓5.76g锛屾阿鍘熷瓙閲忎负1.2mol锛岃川閲忎负1.2g锛屾墍浠ユ哀鍘熷瓙鐨勮川閲忎负8.88-5.76-1.2=1.92g锛岀墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负0.12mol銆傛墍浠ヨ鏈夋満鐗纰筹紝姘紝姘у師瀛愪釜鏁版瘮涓4锛10锛1锛屽嵆璇ユ湁鏈虹墿鏈绠寮忎负C4H10O.鍙堟湁璇ユ渶绠寮忕殑鐩稿璐ㄩ噺鍗涓74锛屾墍浠ユ湁鏈虹墿鐨鍒嗗瓙寮忓嵆涓篊4H10O....
