我现在上初三，我无法分辨“if"引导的 条件句 和 宾语从句 ，做题老是做不对。 怎么区分if引导的条件状语从句和if引导的条件句?
\u82f1\u8bed\uff1aIf\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u548c\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\uff1f\u600e\u6837\u5206\u522b\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002
if\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u5355\u72ec\u610f\u601d\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u53e5\u9996\u6216\u53e5\u5c3e\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u548c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7b49\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0a\uff09\u3002\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u540e\u9762\u6216\u8005\u4ecb\u8bcd\u7684\u540e\u9762\u3002
\u6784 \u6210 \u65f6 \u6001
\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5 If\uff0b\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6
\u4e3b \u53e5 \u4e3b\u8bed\uff0bshall/will+\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62
\u7528\u6cd51 (1)\u6761\u4ef6\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u8fde\u8bcdif\u5f15\u5bfc,\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u3001\u5047\u5982\u201d,\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528be going to\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765,\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u7528shall,will.
(2)if \u201c\u5982\u679c\u201d,\u5f15\u5bfc\u6761\u4ef6\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5,\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6,\u4ece\u53e5\u5219\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6 \u53e6\u5916,\u4e3b\u53e5\u662f\u7948\u4f7f\u53e5\u6216\u542b\u6709\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd,\u4ece\u53e5\u4e5f\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6
\u6ce8\u610f \u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684if\u4e0e\u6761\u4ef6\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5if\u7684\u533a\u522b.\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684if\u201c\u662f\u5426\u201d\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e whether,\u5f15\u5bfc\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5,\u65f6\u6001\u9700\u6839\u636e\u8bed\u5883\u786e\u5b9a.\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6,\u4ece\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u9009\u7528\u65f6\u6001,\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6,\u4ece\u53e5\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f.
You can do it this way if you care to.
如果你乐意的话，可以这样做。A simple test will show if this is real gold.
简单的试验就能证明这是否是真金。Fruit juices ferment if they are kept a long time.
果汁若是放置很久，就会发酵。If I had my way, I'd go to the movies tonight.
假如我做得到的话，我今晚会去看电影。If we all muck in we'll soon finish the job.
如果我们大家都动手，一会儿就可以干完这件事。If you go to a private hospital you must pay.
如果你去一家私立医院就诊，你得付费。We should practice economy even if we are rich.
即使我们富裕了也仍应该厉行节约。Do you mind if I draw up the blinds?
我卷起窗帘你不反对吧？She will buy him a cardigan if her son asks her to.
如果她儿子要求的话，她就给他买一件羊毛衫。I'm going to make sure if I'm going to Macao.
我要拿定主意我是否去澳门。
I scrubbed hard at the stain to see if I could get it off.
我使劲擦这个污迹，看能不能将它去掉。If everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success.
如果大家都尽责，这个项目肯定会成功。If today is Tuesday, the day after tomorrow will be Thursday.
假如今天是星期二，後天就是星期四。If we can pull through this recession, we will be in good shape.
如果我们能渡过这段经济不景气的时间，我们就会好多了。If you hit the child again, you'll have me to reckon with.
如果你再打孩子，我就要插手这事了。If he were here I can explain to him myself.
要是他在这里，我就可以亲自向他解释了。I can give you a round neckline if you prefer.
如果您喜欢我可以给您开个圆领口。See if you can hook it with this pole.
看看能不能用这根杆子把它捞起来。
In "if I were you" the verb "were" is in the subjunctive.
在"if I were you"中,"were"是虚拟语气动词。
条件状语从句分类 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
英语：
If he doesn't hurry up,he will miss the bus.如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。( 真实)
If he is free,he will ask me to tell stories.如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。（真实）
If I were you,I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。（我不可能是你。非真实，虚拟语气）
If there were no air,people would die.如果没有空气，人就会死亡。（不可能没有空气。非真实，虚拟语气）用法及动词形式 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：
从句：If 主语+过去时(Be动词用were)
主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do
eg：
1．If I were you,I would take an umbrella.
如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）
2．If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.
如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）
3．If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.
如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)
4．If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.
如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没有带钱）
5．If he studied harder,he might pass the exam.
如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：没有努力）
6．she looked at me as if I had been a stranger.
她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。（事实：我并非陌生人）
7．If I were you, I'd wear a shirt and tie.(事实：我并不是你）
如果我是你，我就会穿衬衫和领带。
2、表示与过去事实相反的情况
从句：If 主语+had+done
主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done
eg：
1． If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。
（事实：去晚了）
2．If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
（事实：没有听我的话）
3、表示对将来情况的主观推测
主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do
从句：①if+主语+were to do
②if+主语+should/would/could/might+do
③if+主语+did（动词过去式）/were [1]
eg：
1．If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.
如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小）
2．If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.
如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：下雪可能性很小）
3．If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.
如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。（事实：来的可能性很小）
4、 有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。
①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。
eg：
If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.
如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了
If they had informed us,we would not come here now.
如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。
②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。
如：
If he were free today,we would have sent him to Beijing.
如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。
If he knew her,he would have greeted her.
要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。
5、 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were,should,had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。eg：
Should he agree to go there,we would send him there.
要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。
Were she here,she would agree with us.
如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。
Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here.
如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。
6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without…，but for…等
eg：
But for his help,we would be working now.
要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。
Without your instruction,I would not have made such great progress.
要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。
We didn't know his telephone number,otherwise we would have telephoned him.
我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话。
7、 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。
①省略从句
He would have finished it. 他本该完成了。
You could have passed this exam. 你本能通过这次考试的。
②省略主句
If I were at home now. 要是我现在在家里该多好啊。
If only I had got it. 要是只有我得到它了该多好啊。
8.注意，在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不用was。 eg：If I were you,I would go to look for him.
如果我是你，就会去找他。
if 如果----条件句
If I were you, I will accept him.如果我是你，我会接受他。
if 是否----宾语从句
I wonder if he will come.我不知道他是否会来。
if 表如果，用虚拟语气情况：If I were you,....... 我不可能是你，”如果我是你“此时就是对现在的假设（或虚拟），动词用一般过去式did, 且be 动词 一定只用were，不用was ; If I had been there,......"如果我去过那儿"（实际上没有去过那儿）此时就是对过去的假设（或虚拟），动词 一定只用 过去完成时态 had done .
if 表如果，不用虚拟语气情况，也就是很可能发生的事情，如： If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the bus. 如果你不快点，你将错过巴士。( 真实)
if 到底用不用虚拟语气，除了有些只能是假设（虚拟）的，如我是你类似的，其它就看说话人的把握程度，极可能发生的就不用虚拟语气。
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