大学基础化学,O(∩
\u5927\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u5316\u5b66\u62c9\u4e4c\u5c14\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1aP=P*Xa
\u4e0d\u65ad\u6cb8\u817e\uff0cXa\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u662f\u964d\u4f4e\u7684\uff01P*\u4e0d\u53d8\uff01
\u6240\u4ee5P\u4e0d\u65ad\u964d\u4f4e\uff01
\u5916\u538b\u4e0d\u53d8\uff01\u53ea\u6709\u84b8\u6c14\u538b\u7b49\u4e8e\u5916\u538b\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6cb8\u817e\uff01\uff01
\u800cP\u662f\u964d\u4f4e\u7684\uff01\u5fc5\u987b\u5347\u9ad8\u6e29\u5ea6\u624d\u80fd\u6cb8\u817e
\u6240\u4ee5\u662fA
\u9898\u53f7:1 \u5df2\u77e5\u4e0b\u5217\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u5e38\u6570\uff1aH2\uff08g\uff09+S\uff08s\uff09=H2S\uff08g\uff09 K1S\uff08s\uff09+O2\uff08g\uff09=SO2\uff08g\uff09 K2\u5219\u53cd\u5e94H2\uff08g\uff09+ SO2\uff08g\uff09= O2\uff08g\uff09+ H2S\uff08g\uff09\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u5e38\u6570\u4e3a\uff1a( A)
\u9009\u9879:
a\u3001K1+ K2
b\u3001K1- K2
c\u3001K1/K2
\u9898\u53f7:2 \u4e0b\u8ff0\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u5076\u6781\u77e9\u4e0d\u4e3a\u96f6\u7684\u662f\uff08 B\uff09
\u9009\u9879:
a\u3001CS2
b\u3001H2S
c\u3001CCl4
\u9898\u53f7:3 \u6839\u636e\u9178\u78b1\u8d28\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\uff0cH2PO4-\u7684\u5171\u8f6d\u9178\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff08 B\uff09
\u9009\u9879:
a\u3001HPO42\u2014
b\u3001H3PO4
c\u3001PO43\u2014
\u9898\u53f7:4 \u4f7f\u67d0\u4e00\u6c89\u6dc0\u6eb6\u89e3\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u662f(B\u5c0f\u4e8e)
\u9009\u9879:
a\u3001Qi > Ksp
b\u3001Qi
c\u3001Qi =Ksp
\u9898\u53f7:5 \u5b8c\u5168\u4e2d\u548c1.5 g\u67d0\u4e8c\u5143\u9178\u6eb6\u6db2\u7528\u53bb0.4mol/L\u7684KOH\u6eb6\u6db2200 mL\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u4e8c\u5143\u9178\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u7ea6\u4e3a\uff08 A\uff09\u3002
\u9009\u9879:
a\u300117
b\u300137.5
c\u300110.8
\u9898\u53f7:6 \u5728Fe3+,Al3+,Ca2+,Mg2+\u6df7\u5408\u6db2\u4e2d, \u7528EDTA\u6cd5\u6d4b\u5b9aFe3+,Al3+\u542b\u91cf\u65f6, \u4e3a\u4e86\u6d88\u9664Ca2+,Mg2+\u7684\u5e72\u6270, \u6700\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f---( C)
\u9009\u9879:
a\u3001\u6c89\u6dc0\u5206\u79bb\u6cd5
b\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u9178\u5ea6\u6cd5
c\u3001\u914d\u5408\u63a9\u853d\u6cd5
\u9898\u53f7:7 \u5df2\u77e5\u786b\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u539f\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a32\uff0c\u57281273K\u65f6\uff0c98.7kPa\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u786b\u7684\u84b8\u6c14\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a0.5977g\u00b7L-1\uff0c\u5219\u786b\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff08B
\u9009\u9879:
a\u3001S
b\u3001S2
c\u3001S4
\u9898\u53f7:8 \u53cd\u5e94C(s)+H2O(g)=H2(g)+CO(g)\u4e3a\u5438\u70ed\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5219C\u548cH2O\u6700\u5927\u8f6c\u5316\u7387\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u662fB
\u9009\u9879:
a\u3001\u9ad8\u6e29\u9ad8\u538b
b\u3001\u9ad8\u6e29\u4f4e\u538b
c\u3001\u4f4e\u6e29\u9ad8\u538b
\u9898\u53f7:9 \u4e0b\u5217\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0cpH\u503c\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u662f\uff08 C\uff09
\u9009\u9879:
a\u30010.010 mol.L-1HCl
b\u30010.010 mol.L-1HAc
c\u30010.010 mol.L-1HF
\u9898\u53f7:10 \u7528\u4e0b\u5217\u4f55\u79cd\u9178\u624d\u80fd\u548c\u5176\u76d0\u914d\u6210pH=5\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u6eb6\u6db2\uff08 C\uff09
\u9009\u9879:
a\u3001HOCl Ka=3.5\u00d710-8
b\u3001HNO2 Ka=5.1\u00d710-4
c\u3001HAc Ka=1.8\u00d710-5
\u9898\u53f7:11 Fe(III)\u7684\u6c34\u5408\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u989c\u8272\u4e3a\uff08 B\uff09
\u9009\u9879:
a\u3001\u7eff\u8272
b\u3001\u9ec4\u8272
c\u3001\u7c89\u8272
\u9898\u53f7:12 FeCl3 \uff0cKMnO4 \u548cH2O2 \u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5f53\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d[H+]\u589e\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u90fd\u589e\u52a0\u30021
\u9009\u9879:
1\u3001 \u9519
2\u3001 \u5bf9
\u9898\u53f7:13 \u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u95f4\u4ee5\u5355\u952e\u7ed3\u5408\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u03c3\u952e\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u03c0\u952e\u30021
\u9009\u9879:
1\u3001 \u9519
2\u3001 \u5bf9
\u9898\u53f7:14 \u914d\u5408\u7269Na3[Ag(S2O3)2]\u5e94\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u4e8c\u786b\u4ee3\u786b\u9178\u6839\u5408\u94f6(\u2160)\u9178\u94a0\u3002
\u9009\u9879:2
1\u3001 \u9519
2\u3001 \u5bf9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\u9898\u53f7:15 \u9898\u578b:\u662f\u975e\u9898 \u672c\u9898\u5206\u6570:5
\u5185\u5bb9:
\u5728\u6b67\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6c27\u5316\u6570\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6c27\u5316\u6570\u964d\u4f4e\u30021
\u9009\u9879:
1\u3001 \u9519
2\u3001 \u5bf9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\u9898\u53f7:16 \u9898\u578b:\u662f\u975e\u9898 \u672c\u9898\u5206\u6570:5
\u5185\u5bb9:
\u5f3a\u78b1\u6ef4\u5b9a\u4e8c\u5143\u9178\u65f6\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u7a81\u8dc3\u30021
\u9009\u9879:
1\u3001 \u9519
2\u3001 \u5bf9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\u9898\u53f7:17 \u9898\u578b:\u662f\u975e\u9898 \u672c\u9898\u5206\u6570:5
\u5185\u5bb9:
\u9ad8\u9530\u9178\u6839\u5728\u9178\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u88ab\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3aMn2+\u30022
\u9009\u9879:
1\u3001 \u9519
2\u3001 \u5bf9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\u9898\u53f7:18 \u9898\u578b:\u662f\u975e\u9898 \u672c\u9898\u5206\u6570:5
\u5185\u5bb9:
\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b\uff0cBaSO4\u7684\u6eb6\u5ea6\u79ef\u4e3a1.07\u00d710-10\uff0c\u5219\u6bcf\u5347\u9971\u548c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6240\u6eb6\u89e3BaSO4\u4e3a1.03\u00d710-5\u514b\uff08MBaSO4=233g/mol\uff09\u30021
\u9009\u9879:
1\u3001 \u9519
2\u3001 \u5bf9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\u9898\u53f7:19 \u9898\u578b:\u662f\u975e\u9898 \u672c\u9898\u5206\u6570:5
\u5185\u5bb9:
\u91d1\u5c5e\u6307\u793a\u5242\u662f\u6307\u793a\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6307\u793a\u5242\u30022
\u9009\u9879:
1\u3001 \u9519
2\u3001 \u5bf9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\u9898\u53f7:20 \u9898\u578b:\u662f\u975e\u9898 \u672c\u9898\u5206\u6570:5
\u5185\u5bb9:
H2PO4- \u548cHS- \u65e2\u662f\u9178\u53c8\u662f\u78b1\u30022
\u9009\u9879:
1\u3001 \u9519
2\u3001 \u5bf9
假设硫酸溶液的总体积为V(L)
硫酸的摩尔质量=1.008x2+32.065+15.999x4=98.077(g/mol)=0.0981(kg/mol)
体积为V的溶液中的硫酸的质量:(1.06x10^3)Vx0.0947(kg)
硫酸的摩尔数=(1.06x10^3)Vx0.0947/0.0981=1023V(mol)
物质的量浓度=1023V/V=1023(mol/L)
溶剂质量=0.9053Vx997=902.7V(kg)
摩尔质量浓度=1023V/902.7V=1.13(mol/kg)
质量浓度=56.0/500=0.112 (g/ml)=112(g/cm^3)
乳酸钠摩尔质量=12.01x3+1.008x5+15.99x3+22.99=112.1(g/mol)
物质的量=56.0/112.1=0.500(mol)
物质的量浓度=0.500/500=1(mol/L)
绛旓細鍋囪纭吀婧舵恫鐨勬讳綋绉负V锛圠锛夌~閰哥殑鎽╁皵璐ㄩ噺=1.008x2+32.065+15.999x4=98.077锛坓/mol锛=0.0981(kg/mol)浣撶Н涓篤鐨勬憾娑蹭腑鐨勭~閰哥殑璐ㄩ噺锛(1.06x10^3)Vx0.0947锛坘g锛夌~閰哥殑鎽╁皵鏁=(1.06x10^3)Vx0.0947/0.0981=1023V锛坢ol锛夌墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴=1023V/V=1023锛坢ol/L)婧跺墏璐ㄩ噺=0.9053Vx997...
绛旓細H(姘)锛孒e(姘)锛孡i(閿)锛孊e(閾)锛孊(纭)锛孋(纰)锛孨(姘)锛孫(姘)锛孎(姘)锛孨e(姘)锛孨a(閽)锛孧g(闀)锛孉l(閾)锛孲i(纭)锛孭(纾)锛孲(纭)锛孋l(姘)锛孉r(姘)锛孠(閽)锛孋a(閽)锛鍖栧鍩虹鐨20涓厓绱犵鍙凤細H(姘)锛孋(纰)锛孨(姘)锛孫(姘)锛孨a(閽)锛孧g(闀)锛孉l(閾)锛孲i(纭)...
绛旓細7,閾佺殑姘у寲鐗╂湁涓夌,鍏鍖栧寮忎负(1)FeO銆 (2)Fe2O3銆(3) Fe3O4銆 8銆佹憾娑茬殑鐗瑰緛鏈変笁涓(1)鍧囦竴鎬;(2)绋冲畾鎬;(3)娣峰悎鐗┿ 9銆佸寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡鏈変笁涓剰涔:(1)琛ㄧず浠涔堢墿璐ㄥ弬鍔犲弽搴,缁撴灉鐢熸垚浠涔堢墿璐;(2)琛ㄧず鍙嶅簲鐗┿佺敓鎴愮墿鍚勭墿璐ㄩ棶鐨勫垎瀛愭垨鍘熷瓙鐨勫井绮掓暟姣;(3)琛ㄧず鍚勫弽搴 鐗┿佺敓鎴愮墿涔嬮棿鐨勮川閲忔瘮銆傚寲瀛...
绛旓細1銆佸垎瀛愭槸淇濇寔鐗╄川鍖栧鎬ц川鐨勬渶灏忕矑瀛(鍘熷瓙銆佺瀛愪篃鑳戒繚鎸佺墿璐ㄧ殑鍖栧鎬ц川)銆傚師瀛愭槸鍖栧鍙樺寲涓殑鏈灏忕矑瀛愩 渚嬪:淇濇寔姘皵鍖栧鎬ц川鐨勬渶灏忕矑瀛愭槸D(姘垎瀛)(A銆丆l B銆丆l-C銆2Cl D銆丆l2)銆備繚鎸丆O2鍖栧鎬ц川鐨勬渶灏忕矑瀛愭槸CO2鍒嗗瓙;淇濇寔姘撮摱鐨勫寲瀛︽ц川鐨勬渶灏忕矑瀛愭槸姹炲師瀛愩傚湪鐢佃В姘磋繖涓鍙樺寲涓殑鏈灏忕矑瀛愭槸姘㈠師瀛愬拰姘...
绛旓細娑堝幓鍙嶅簲锛 16.娑堝幓锛堢被浼15棰橈級 17.鍔犳垚锛堝鏋滈偅鏃剁敳鍩猴紝閭d箞姘㈠姞鍦ㄥ彸杈癸級 18.鍔犳垚锛堟阿鍔犲湪鍙宠竟鈥斺旈┈姘忚鍒欙級 19.鍔犳垚锛堟阿鍔犲彸锛岀緹鍩哄乏锛 20.鍙嶅紡鍔犳垚锛堢瀛愬瀷鏈虹悊锛 21.鍔犳垚锛屾捍鍔犲湪宸﹁竟锛堟湁杩囨哀鍖栫墿鏁堝簲锛夛紙妤间富锛岃繖鐪熸槸鍩虹棰樸傘傘傛垜鏅氫笂鏈夋鐜囪冭瘯锛屽氨涓嶇粏绛斾簡锛...
绛旓細瑕佺湅浣犳槸鍖栧涓撲笟鐨勮繕鏄潪鍖栧涓撲笟鐨 闈炲寲瀛︿笓涓氱殑澶у鍖栧灏卞浜涙渶鍩虹鐨勶紝鍖呮嫭鍖栧鐑姏瀛︺佸寲瀛﹀姩鍔涘銆佸師瀛愮粨鏋勩佸垎瀛愮粨鏋勩佹憾娑诧紙鐢电骞宠 銆佹矇娣婧惰В骞宠 绛夌瓑锛夈傚寲瀛︿笓涓氱殑瑕佸鏃犳満銆佸垎鏋愩佹湁鏈恒佺墿鍖栵紙鍚堢О鍥涘ぇ鍖栧锛夊拰楂樺垎瀛愬寲瀛︺佺敓鐗╁寲瀛︺佺粨鏋勫寲瀛︾瓑涓撲笟璇剧▼銆
绛旓細宸ョ▼鍖栧 鐜颁唬鍖栧瀵艰 鍖栧鐢熺墿瀛﹀璁 鏃犳満閫夎 鍖栧淇℃伅瀛 濂囧鍒嗗瓙涓庣瀛﹀垱鏂 鍖栧鍘熺悊 澶у鍖栧 6銆鍩虹鍖栧瀹為獙绫昏绋 鍩虹鍖栧瀹為獙锛圛锛夈侊紙II锛夈侊紙III锛夊ぇ瀛﹀寲瀛﹀疄楠岋紙G锛夊ぇ瀛﹀寲瀛﹀疄楠锛圤锛7銆佷腑绾у寲瀛﹀疄楠岀被璇剧▼ 涓骇鍖栧瀹為獙锛圛锛夈侊紙II锛夊ぇ瀛﹀寲瀛﹀疄楠岋紙A锛夊ぇ瀛﹀寲瀛﹀疄楠岋紙P锛8銆佺患鍚堝寲瀛...
绛旓細涓诲共璇剧▼锛氭棤鏈哄寲瀛︺佸垎鏋鍖栧锛鍚华鍣ㄥ垎鏋愶級銆佹湁鏈哄寲瀛︺佺墿鐞嗗寲瀛︼紙鍚粨鏋勫寲瀛︼級銆佸寲瀛﹀伐绋鍩虹绛夈傚疄璺垫暀瀛︼細涓昏瀹炶返鎬ф暀瀛︾幆鑺傦細鍖呮嫭鐢熶骇瀹炰範銆佹瘯涓氳鏂囩瓑锛屼竴鑸畨鎺10-20鍛ㄣ傚寲瀛︿笓涓氭槸涓绉澶у涓撲笟锛屽寲瀛涓撲笟鍩瑰吇鍏峰鍖栧鐨勫熀纭鐭ヨ瘑銆鍩烘湰鐞嗚鍜屽熀鏈妧鑳斤紝鑳藉湪鍖栧鍙婁笌鍖栧鐩稿叧鐨勭瀛︽妧鏈拰鍏跺畠棰嗗煙浠庝簨...
绛旓細鍖栧鏂圭▼寮 鍙嶅簲鐜拌薄 搴旂敤 2Mg+O2鐐圭噧鎴栁2MgO 鍓х儓鐕冪儳.鑰鐪肩櫧鍏.鐢熸垚鐧借壊鍥轰綋.鏀剧儹.浜х敓澶ч噺鐧界儫 鐧借壊淇″彿寮 2Hg+O2鐐圭噧鎴栁2HgO 閾剁櫧娑蹭綋銆佺敓鎴愮孩鑹插浐浣 鎷夌摝閿″疄楠 2Cu+O2鐐圭噧鎴栁2CuO 绾㈣壊閲戝睘鍙樹负榛戣壊鍥轰綋 4Al+3O2鐐圭噧鎴栁2Al2O3 閾剁櫧閲戝睘鍙樹负鐧借壊鍥轰綋 3Fe+2O2鐐圭噧Fe3O4 鍓х儓鐕冪儳銆佺伀鏄熷洓灏勩佺敓鎴...
绛旓細鍖栧鍏冪礌锛欻:姘 O:姘 S:纭 C锛氱⒊ 鍖栧寮忎腑鐨勨淚鈥濄佲淪鈥濄佲渁q鈥濄佲済鈥濅唬琛ㄧ殑鎰忔濆垎鍒负鏌愬垎瀛愮殑 娑蹭綋锛屽浐浣擄紝婧舵恫锛屾皵浣撱侽2锛氭哀鍒嗗瓙 銆 H-锛堟阿绂诲瓙锛夈丼O4-(纭吀鏍圭瀛) 銆丠CO3-(纰抽吀姘㈡牴绂诲瓙)銆丆O3锛2-锛夛紙纰抽吀鏍圭瀛愶級H2O: 涓や釜姘㈠師瀛+涓涓哀鍘熷瓙 缁勬垚鐨 姘村垎瀛 SO2...