结合太史公在史记中的评议,谈谈对项羽的评价 史记中对项羽的经典评价是什么?
\u7ed3\u5408\u53f8\u9a6c\u8fc1\u5bf9\u9879\u7fbd\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u8c08\u8c08\u4f60\u5bf9\u9879\u7fbd\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4ed6\u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529b\u62d4\u5c71\u3001\u6c14\u76d6\u4e16\u3001\u201c\u8fd1\u53e4\u4ee5\u6765\u672a\u5c1d\u6709\u201d\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6027\u60c5\u66b4\u623e\u3001\u4f18\u67d4\u5be1\u65ad\u3001\u53ea\u77e5\u7528\u6b66\u4e0d\u8c19\u673a\u8c0b\u7684\u5339\u592b\u3002\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u6218\u672f\u5bb6\uff0c\u6b66\u6797\u9ad8\u624b\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0e\u5c11\u80dc\u591a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f31\u654c\u5f3a\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5bb6\uff08\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u8f93\u5728\u8fd9\u70b9\u4e0a\uff09\u3002\u201c\u65f6\u6765\u5929\u5730\u7686\u540c\u529b\uff0c\u8fd0\u53bb\u82f1\u96c4\u4e0d\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u800c\u5df2\u3002
\u4e00\u3001\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1a
\u53f8\u9a6c\u8fc1\uff1a\u543e\u95fb\u4e4b\u5468\u751f\u66f0\u821c\u76ee\u76d6\u91cd\u77b3\u5b50\uff0c\u53c8\u95fb\u9879\u7fbd\u4ea6\u91cd\u77b3\u5b50\u3002\u7fbd\u5c82\u5176\u82d7\u88d4\u90aa\uff1f\u4f55\u5174\u4e4b\u66b4\u4e5f\uff01\u592b\u79e6\u5931\u5176\u653f\uff0c\u9648\u6d89\u9996\u96be\uff0c\u8c6a\u6770\u8d77\uff0c\u76f8\u4e0e\u5e76\u4e89\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80dc\u6570\u3002\u7136\u7fbd\u975e\u6709\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e58\u57f6\uff0c\u8d77\u9647\u4ea9\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u9042\u5c06\u4e94\u8bf8\u4faf\u706d\u79e6\uff0c\u5206\u88c2\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u5c01\u738b\u4faf\uff0c\u653f\u7531\u7fbd\u51fa\uff0c\u53f7\u4e3a\u2018\u9738\u738b\u2019\uff0c\u4f4d\u867d\u4e0d\u7ec8\uff0c\u8fd1\u53e4\u4ee5\u6765\u672a\u5c1d\u6709\u4e5f\u3002\u53ca\u7fbd\u80cc\u5173\u6000\u695a\uff0c\u653e\u9010\u4e49\u5e1d\u800c\u81ea\u7acb\uff0c\u6028\u738b\u4faf\u53db\u5df1\uff0c\u96be\u77e3\u3002\u81ea\u77dc\u529f\u4f10\uff0c\u594b\u5176\u79c1\u667a\u800c\u4e0d\u5e08\u53e4\uff0c\u8c13\u9738\u738b\u4e4b\u4e1a\uff0c\u6b32\u4ee5\u529b\u5f81\u7ecf\u8425\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e94\u5e74\u5352\u4ea1\u5176\u56fd\uff0c\u8eab\u6b7b\u4e1c\u57ce\uff0c\u5c1a\u4e0d\u89c9\u5be4\u800c\u4e0d\u81ea\u8d23\uff0c\u8fc7\u77e3\u3002\u4e43\u5f15\u2018\u5929\u4ea1\u6211\uff0c\u975e\u7528\u5175\u4e4b\u7f6a\u4e5f\u2019\uff0c\u5c82\u4e0d\u8c2c\u54c9\uff01
\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u592a\u53f2\u516c\uff08\u53f8\u9a6c\u8fc1\uff09\u8bf4\uff1a\u6211\u542c\u5468\u5148\u751f\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u821c\u7684\u773c\u775b\u597d\u8c61\u662f\u53cc\u77b3\u5b54\u3002\u201d\u53c8\u542c\u8bf4\u9879\u7fbd\u4e5f\u662f\u53cc\u77b3\u5b54\u3002\u9879\u7fbd\u96be\u9053\u662f\u82d7\u65cf\uff08\u821c\uff09 \u7684\u540e\u88d4\u5417\uff1f\uff08\u8981\u4e0d\uff09\u600e\u4e48\u5174\u8d77\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e48\u5feb\u5462\uff01\u79e6\u738b\u671d\u653f\u6cbb\u5931\u7b56\uff0c\u9648\u80dc\u9996\u5148\u53d1\u96be\uff0c\uff08\u4e4b\u540e\u5404\u8def\uff09\u8c6a\u6770\u8702\u62e5\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u4e89\u593a\uff08\u5929\u4e0b\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80dc\u6570\u3002\u800c\u9879\u7fbd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u5c3a\u4e00\u5bf8\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u4e58\u7740\u8fd9\u5f62\u52bf\uff08\u4e5f\uff09\u5728\u7530\u91ce\u4e2d\uff08\u4e61\u95f4\uff09\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u4e09\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u7387\u9886\u4e94\u8def\u8bf8\u4faf\u6d88\u706d\u4e86\u79e6\u738b\u671d\uff0c\u628a\u5929\u4e0b\u5206\u5c01\u7ed9\u5404\u8def\u738b\u4faf\uff0c\uff08\u6240\u6709\uff09\u653f\u4ee4\uff08\u90fd\uff09\u4ece\u9879\u7fbd\u90a3\u53d1\u51fa\uff0c\uff08\u4ed6\uff09\u53f7\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9738\u738b\u201d\u3002\uff08\u4ed6\u7684\u5e1d\uff09\u4f4d\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\uff08\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f\uff09\u8fd1\u53e4\u4ee5\u6765\u672a\u66fe\u6709\u8fc7\u7684\uff08\u4eba\u7269\uff09\u554a\u3002\u7b49\u5230\u9879\u7fbd\u6000\u5ff5\u695a\u56fd\u79bb\u5f03\u5173\u4e2d\uff08\u56de\u5230\u695a\u56fd\uff09\uff0c\u653e\u9010\u4e86\u695a\u6000\u738b\u800c\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u738b\uff0c\uff08\u5374\u8981\uff09\u6028\u6068\u738b\u4faf\u4eec\u80cc\u53db\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u96be\u5566\u3002\uff08\u4ed6\uff09\u81ea\u5df1\u70ab\u8000\u81ea\u5df1\u529f\u52cb\uff0c\u5f20\u663e\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5374\u4e0d\u6548\u6cd5\u53e4\u4eba\uff0c\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u9738\u738b\u7684\u4f1f\u4e1a\uff0c\u60f3\u7528\u6b66\u529b\u5f81\u4f10\u7ba1\u7406\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e94\u5e74\uff08\u5185\uff09\u6700\u7ec8\u4ea1\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u6b7b\u5728\u4e1c\u57ce\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u89c9\u609f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u81ea\u8d23\uff0c\uff08\u8fd9\u90fd\u662f\uff09\u8fc7\u9519\u554a\u3002\u7adf\u7136\u8bf4\u201c\u5929\u4ea1\u6211\uff08\u554a\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\uff08\u6211\uff09\u7528\u5175\u7684\u7f6a\u8fc7\u554a\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c82\u4e0d\u662f\u8c2c\u8bef\u554a\uff01
\u4e8c\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a
\u9879\u7fbd\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d232\u5e74\u2015\u516c\u5143\u524d202\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u9879\u6c0f\uff0c\u8288\u59d3\uff0c\u540d\u7c4d\uff0c\u5b57\u7fbd\uff0c\u695a\u56fd\u4e0b\u76f8\uff08\u4eca\u6c5f\u82cf\u5bbf\u8fc1\uff09\u4eba\uff0c\u695a\u56fd\u540d\u5c06\u9879\u71d5\u4e4b\u5b59\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u4e8b\u601d\u60f3\u201c\u5175\u5f62\u52bf\u201d\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\uff08\u5175\u5bb6\u56db\u52bf\uff1a\u5175\u5f62\u52bf\u3001\u5175\u6743\u8c0b\u3001\u5175\u9634\u9633\u3001\u5175\u6280\u5de7\uff09 \u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee5\u4e2a\u4eba\u6b66\u529b\u51fa\u4f17\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u7684\u6b66\u5c06\u3002\u674e\u665a\u82b3\u5bf9\u5176\u6709\u201c\u7fbd\u4e4b\u795e\u52c7\uff0c\u5343\u53e4\u65e0\u4e8c\u201d\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002
\u9879\u7fbd\u65e9\u5e74\u8ddf\u968f\u53d4\u7236\u9879\u6881\u5728\u5434\u4e2d\uff08\u4eca\u6c5f\u82cf\u82cf\u5dde\uff09\u8d77\u4e49\u53cd\u79e6\uff0c\u9879\u6881\u9635\u4ea1\u540e\u4ed6\u7387\u519b\u6e21\u6cb3\u6551\u8d75\u738b\u6b47\uff0c\u4e8e\u5de8\u9e7f\u4e4b\u6218\u51fb\u7834\u7ae0\u90af\u3001\u738b\u79bb\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u79e6\u519b\u4e3b\u529b\u3002\u79e6\u4ea1\u540e\u79f0\u897f\u695a\u9738\u738b\uff0c\u5b9a\u90fd\u5f6d\u57ce\uff08\u4eca\u6c5f\u82cf\u5f90\u5dde\uff09\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u5206\u5c01\u5236\uff0c\u5c01\u706d\u79e6\u529f\u81e3\u53ca\u516d\u56fd\u8d35\u65cf\u4e3a\u738b\u3002
\u800c\u540e\u6c49\u738b\u5218\u90a6\u4ece\u6c49\u4e2d\u51fa\u5175\u8fdb\u653b\u9879\u7fbd\uff0c\u9879\u7fbd\u4e0e\u5176\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u5386\u65f6\u56db\u5e74\u7684\u695a\u6c49\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u671f\u95f4\u867d\u7136\u5c61\u5c61\u5927\u7834\u5218\u90a6\uff0c\u4f46\u9879\u7fbd\u59cb\u7ec8\u65e0\u6cd5\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u540e\u65b9\u8865\u7ed9\uff0c\u7cae\u8349\u6b86\u5c3d\uff0c\u53c8\u731c\u7591\u4e9a\u7236\u8303\u589e\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u53cd\u88ab\u5218\u90a6\u6240\u706d\u3002\u516c\u5143\u524d202\u5e74\uff0c\u9879\u7fbd\u5175\u8d25\u5793\u4e0b\uff08\u4eca\u5b89\u5fbd\u7075\u74a7\u53bf\u5357\uff09\uff0c\u7a81\u56f4\u81f3\u4e4c\u6c5f\uff08\u4eca\u5b89\u5fbd\u548c\u53bf\u4e4c\u6c5f\u9547\uff09\u8fb9\u81ea\u520e\u800c\u6b7b\u3002
功:
①力拔山兮气盖世的英雄;
②出生陇亩之间,没有任何的凭借,率领起义军战无不胜,一举摧毁了强秦的残酷统治;
③攻无不克,威震四方,称霸天下,历史功绩。
过:
①目光短浅,只知衣锦荣归而背关怀楚,建都不当;
②放逐义帝而自立,丧失天下人心,导致众叛亲离;
③专恃武力经营天下,杀戮过重;
④刚愎自用,难以采贤纳言;
⑤失败而不知自省,却推脱于“天之亡我,非战之罪”。
绛旓細鍔燂細鈶犲姏鎷斿北鍏皵鐩栦笘鐨勮嫳闆勶紱鈶″嚭鐢熼檱浜╀箣闂达紝娌℃湁浠讳綍鐨勫嚟鍊燂紝鐜囬璧蜂箟鍐涙垬鏃犱笉鑳滐紝涓涓炬懅姣佷簡寮虹Е鐨勬畫閰风粺娌伙紱鈶㈡敾鏃犱笉鍏嬶紝濞侀渿鍥涙柟锛岀О闇稿ぉ涓嬶紝鍘嗗彶鍔熺哗銆傝繃锛氣憼鐩厜鐭祬锛屽彧鐭ヨ。閿﹁崳褰掕岃儗鍏虫妤氾紝寤洪兘涓嶅綋锛涒憽鏀鹃愪箟甯濊岃嚜绔嬶紝涓уけ澶╀笅浜哄績锛屽鑷翠紬鍙涗翰绂伙紱鈶笓鎭冩鍔涚粡钀ュぉ涓嬶紝鏉鎴繃閲嶏紱鈶...
绛旓細鍙搁┈杩佸湪銆鍙茶銆嬩腑瀵逛紞瀛愯儱鐨勮瘎浠烽楂橈紝浠栨寚鍑猴細鈥滄ㄦ瘨涔嬩簬浜虹敋鐭e搲锛佺帇鑰呭皻涓嶈兘琛屼箣浜庤嚕涓嬶紝鍐靛悓鍒椾箮锛佸悜浠や紞瀛愯儱浠庡ア淇辨锛屼綍寮傝澕铓併傚純灏忎箟锛岄洩澶ц伙紝鍚嶅瀭浜庡悗涓栵紝鎮插か锛佹柟瀛愯儱绐樹簬姹熶笂锛岄亾涔為鎵版棭锛屽織宀傚皾椤昏嚲蹇橀儮閭紵鏁呴殣蹇嶅氨鍔熷悕锛岄潪鐑堜笀澶鑳借嚧姝ゅ搲锛熲濊繖娈佃瘎浠疯〃鏄庯紝鍙搁┈杩佽櫧鐒跺...
绛旓細澶彶鍏徃椹縼瀵规潕鏂殑璇勪环锛鏃犵枒鏄粬鍘嗗彶闀垮嵎涓殑涓鎶圭嫭鐗硅壊褰╋紝璁╂垜浠氳繃浠栫殑绗旇Е锛屾礊瀵熻繖浣嶇Е鏈濋浜戜汉鐗╃殑鐪熷疄闈㈣矊銆備竴銆佸巻鍙茬殑鐑欏嵃</ 鍙搁┈杩佸湪銆婂彶璁般嬩腑浠ョ嫭鐗圭殑瑙嗚锛屾彮绀轰簡鏉庢柉浠庤渚皨澹埌绉︽湞瀹扮浉鐨勮浆鍙樸備粬璇勪环鏉庢柉锛氣滄潕鏂垵鍏ョЕ锛屽嚟鍊熸櫤鎱т笌蹇犺瘹锛屾垚涓虹殗甯濈殑寰楀姏鍔╂墜锛岀敋鑷冲彲绉颁箣涓衡樹笁浜轰箣涓...
绛旓細鈶ゅけ璐ヨ屼笉鐭ヨ嚜鐪侊紝鍗存帹鑴变簬鈥滃ぉ涔嬩骸鎴戯紝闈炴垬涔嬬姜鈥濄 鎴戜釜浜鸿涓,椤圭窘鍙堣嚜鐪,浠栫殑澶辫触涔熸槸鏈夌潃澶╂剰鐨,鎯充粬椤圭窘鐢熸ч噸鎯,澶ц嚜鐒跺湪鍒涢犱粬鏃,璁╀粬杩囦簬鎰熸儏鐢ㄤ簨浜,浠栨浘澶氭鏀捐繃浜嗗垬閭﹁繖涓晫鎵,涔熸槸鍥犱负浠栧お杩囧績杞,杩囦簬鐨勬劅鎯呯敤浜嬩簡,璋佸彨鑰佸ぉ鐖疯浠栧お鍠勮壇浜嗗憿. 鑰屼粬骞堕潪鐩厜鐭祬,鑰屾槸浠栧お杩囪嚜淇...
绛旓細澶彶鍏鍙搁┈杩佸湪銆鍙茶銆嬩腑瀵归」缇芥祿澧ㄩ噸褰╁彲鑳芥槸鍥犱负椤圭窘鐨勬ф牸绐佸嚭锛屽媷鐚涘ソ姝︼紝璺熼殢鍙旂埗椤规鍙戝姩鍚翠腑璧蜂箟锛屽弽鎶楃Е鏈濄傚绔嬫鐜嬪悗锛屽唽灏侀瞾鍏傞」姊侀樀浜″悗锛屾彺鏁戣档鐜嬭档姝囥傜牬閲滄矇鑸燂紝鍑荤牬绔犻偗鍜岀帇绂婚瀵肩殑绉﹀啗涓诲姏锛岃耽寰楀法楣夸箣鎴樸傜巼鍐涙敾鐮村叧涓紝涓惧姙楦块棬瀹达紝鐏儳绉︾帇瀹紝鏉姝荤Е鐜嬪瀛愬┐銆傚垎灏佺伃绉﹀姛鑷e皢棰嗭紝...
绛旓細鐧藉叕鑳(鍓526-鍓479骞达紝鍙堜竴璇寸敓浜庡叕鍏冨墠533骞)銆鏄ョ鏈湡妤氬浗澶уか锛屾澶瓙寤轰箣瀛愶紝妤氬钩鐜嬪瀛欍傛澶瓙寤烘惡瀹跺嚭閫冭嚦閮戝浗銆備笉涔咃紝鍏剁埗涓洪儜浜烘墍鏉锛屽張鐢遍儜鍥介冨鍒板惔鍥姐傛鎯犵帇浜屽勾(鍓487骞)锛屾浠ゅ肮瀛愯タ鍙儨鍥炲浗銆傚皝鍦ㄧ櫧鍦(浠婃渤鍗楁伅鍘夸笢)锛屽彿鐧藉叕銆傛浼愰儜鎶ヤ粐鑰屾湭鑳斤紝閬傛仺妤氫箣鍚涜嚕锛屾殫涓...
绛旓細鍙搁┈杩佹槸鍎掑涓汉锛岃繖涔熷氨瀵艰嚧浜嗕粬鐪嬪緟闂鐨勮搴︼紝鍋忓悜浜庡剴瀹惰繖涓鏂归潰銆傝挋鎭殑姝伙紝鏄敱浜庢斂娌绘枟浜夛紝浣嗘槸鍦ㄥ徃椹縼鐪嬫潵锛岃挋鎭槸鐢变簬鏀寔绉﹀鐨囦慨寤洪暱鍩庯紝涓嶅緱浜哄績鑰屾鐨勩傛墍浠ワ紝鏃犺鏄皝閮芥棤娉曞仛鍒扮粷瀵瑰瑙傘備絾鏄繖骞朵笉褰卞搷銆婂彶璁般嬨婅祫娌婚氶壌銆嬭繖浜涘法钁楃殑鍏夎姃銆傜患涓婃墍杩锛屽お鍙插叕鍙搁┈杩侊紝鍦鎾板啓鍙茶鐨鏃跺欙紝...
绛旓細鍙搁┈杩蹇嶈颈璐熼噸鍐欏嚭鍙茶銆
绛旓細鍙搁┈杩佸湪鎬濇兂涓婃壙琚懆鏈濓紝灏婂磭鍎掑锛屾墍浠鍦ㄥ彶璁颁腑浠ュ剴瀹舵濇兂浣滀负鍑哄彂鐐硅瘎璁哄巻鍙层傗滅嫭灏婂剴鏈濆拰鍘嗗彶缁撳悎锛鍦ㄧ邯浼犱綋鍘嗗彶涓湁涓ゅぇ鐗圭偣锛氫竴鏄妸缁熶竴鍏浗鐨勫ぇ绉﹀笣鍥芥弿缁樻垚鏆寸Е锛屸滅剼涔﹀潙鍎掆濇槸浠栫殑閲嶇瑪锛屾í寰佹毚鏁涙槸浠栫殑閲嶅僵锛岀敋鑷虫妸绉﹀鐨囩殑韬笘浣滀负鍏崷鐣欑粰涓栦汉銆傚洜涓衡滅伃鍛ㄢ濓紙鍙搁┈杩佽嚜璁ゅ懆涓哄厛绁栵級鎴愪负鍙搁┈杩...
绛旓細娓呬汉鐗涜繍闇囨浘璇勪环锛氣溿婅嚜搴忋嬮珮鍙ゅ簞閲嶏紝鍏朵腑绮剧悊寰咃紝鏇村ゥ琛嶅畯娣憋紝涓閮ㄣ鍙茶銆嬬簿绁炲懡鑴夛紝淇辫浜庢澶彶鍏鍑烘牸鏂囧瓧銆傗濓紙銆婂彶璁拌瘎娉ㄣ嬶級 銆婂彶璁般嬭嚜銆婇粍甯濇湰绾嬭捣鐧句笁鍗佺瘒锛屽悎鑰岃涔嬶紝鎬绘槸涓绡囥傜瘒缁堝繀椤绘敹鏉熷緱灏斤紝鎵胯浇寰楄捣锛屾剰鐞嗚鍖呮嫭寰楀畬锛屾皵璞℃洿瑕佺缃╁緱浣忋傘婂彶璁般嬬殑鏈鍚庝竴绡囦互鑷簭...