急求，一篇500字左右的英语文章关于中国国粹京剧文化，要让老外理解什么是京剧，京剧的来源 有啥关于京剧的英文介绍?最好有译文，谢谢了！
\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u7cb9\u3002\u2014\u2014\u4eac\u5267\u82f1\u8bed\u4f5c\u658770\u8bcd\u3000\u3000Beijing opera or Peking opera (simplified Chinese:\u4eac\u5267; traditional Chinese:\u4eac\u5267; pinyin:J\u012bngj\u00f9) is a form of traditional Chinese theatre which combines music,vocal performance,mime,dance and acrobatics.It arose in the late 18th century and became fully developed and recognized by the mid-19th century.[1] The form was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty court and has come to be regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China.[2] Major performance troupes are based in Beijing and Tianjin in the north,and Shanghai in the south.[3] The art form is also enjoyed in Taiwan,where it is known as Guoju (\u56fd\u5267; pinyin:Gu\u00f3j\u00f9).It has also spread to other countries such as the United States and Japan.[4]
Beijing opera features four main types of performers.Performing troupes often have several of each variety,as well as numerous secondary and tertiary performers.With their elaborate and colorful costumes,performers are the only focal points on Beijing opera's characteristically sparse stage.They utilize the skills of speech,song,dance,and combat in movements that are symbolic and suggestive,rather than realistic.Above all else,the skill of performers is evaluated according to the beauty of their movements.Performers also adhere to a variety of stylistic conventions that help audiences navigate the plot of the production.[5] The layers of meaning within each movement must be expressed in time with music.The music of Beijing opera can be divided into the Xipi and Erhuang styles.Melodies include arias,fixed-tune melodies,and percussion patterns.[6] The repertoire of Beijing opera includes over 1,400 works,which are based on Chinese history,folklore,and,increasingly,contemporary life.[7]
In recent years,Beijing opera has attempted numerous reforms in response to sagging audience numbers.These reforms,which include improving performance quality,adapting new performance elements,and performing new and original plays,have met with mixed success.Some Western works have been adopted as new plays,but a lack of funding and an adverse political climate have left Beijing opera's fate uncertain as the form enters the 21st century
1\u3001Beijing Opera translation: a great taskIn recent years, more and more foreign dramas and operas are being performed in Chinese theatres. However, it seems that chances for foreign audience to enjoy Chinese traditional operas are relatively fewer, resulting in an unbalanced exchange between China and the other foreign countries in the world. Beijing Opera, the very repress introduced to more audience of Chinese traditional operas, worth being of the entire world. Mrs. Elizabeth Wichmann-Walczak's version of Mei Lanfang's representative Beijing Opera work The Phoenix Returns to Its Nest sets a good example.2\u3001A brief introduction to Beijing OperaBeijing Opera (or Peking Opera) has existed for over 200 years.It is widely regarded as the highest expression of Chinese culture. It is known as one of the three main theatrical systems in the world. Artistically, Beijing Opera is perhaps the most refined form of opera in the world. It has deeply influenced the hearts of the Chinese people. Although it is called Beijing Opera, its origins are not in Beijing but in the Chinese provinces of Anhui and Hubei. After absorbing the operatic tunes of regional operas such as Han Opera, Hui Opera, and Kunqu Opera, it became a genre of national significance and popularity during the 1790's. The charm of Beijing Opera lies in the comprehensive form of stage art. It is an organic combination of script literature, the performing techniques of "singing, reciting, dance-acting and acrobatics", music, painted-face make-ups and costumes, and so on.3\u3001Beijing Opera translationThe early attempts to bring Chinese drama to the West mainly consisted in translation of traditional Chinese opera lyrics, which served as literature for the purpose of reading rather than performance. These include Xi Xiang .Ii and a great number of other Yuan dynasty operas. In 1741, Zhao Shi Gu Er, or as Edward Cave rendered it, Chau Shi Ku Eul: The Little Orphan of the Family of Chau, was translated into English. Three English versions' of this play were published in London, translated respectively by Edward Cave, William Hatchett and John Watts. Among the modern classics in Chinese modern drama translated into English were Cao Yu's Thundestorm by Wang Tso-Bang and A.C. Barnes and Wildness by James Liu. Since the late 1970s, many new Chinese plays have been collected in anthologies of translations of contemporary Chinese literature.\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u8bf7\u6ce8\u660e\u51fa\u5904\uff08\u89c1\u201c\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u201d\uff094\u3001In this period, Peking opera became the most popular and economically developed form of urban stage entertainment in China and its actors, playwrights, and patrons were central figures in the popular imagination and cultural politics of the day. As a diverse group these actors and their allies worked within the context of a rapidly changing urban and national culture to overcome social and political discrimination and elevate their art to the level of internationally recognized cultural respectability. In the process, Peking opera was in many ways on the leading edge of modern transformations and experimentations in creating new meanings for popular theater, new dynamics of urban sociability, and new representations of gender, while at the same time serving as a symbol for a traditional culture that many sensed was receding under the pressures of modernization.
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绛旓細Meanwhile, she gives me a lesson about friendship, virtuous friends should recognize each other's moral excellence, only in this way can we get along better and better.銆 9. 鍐涓绡鎼炵瑧鑻辫浣滄枃 It seems a farm boy accidentally overturned his wagon load of corn. The farmer who lived nearby ...
绛旓細America鈥檚 history of literature began with the swarming in of immigrants with different background and cultures. After that, American literature had been greatly influenced by the European culture for a long period. It was not until America鈥檚 independence, did Americans realized that ...
绛旓細The significant inscription found on an old key鈥斺淚f I rest, I rust鈥---would be an excellent motto for those who are afflicted with the slightest bit of idleness. Even the most industrious person might adopt it with advantage to serve as a reminder that, if one allows his ...
绛旓細There are still many problems of environmental protection in recent years. One of the most serious problems is the serious pollution of air, water and soil. the polluted air does great harm to people鈥檚 health. The polluted water causes diseases and death. What is more, vegetation...
绛旓細浜墽鑻辨枃绠浠: Beijing Opera, also known as "yellow skin" from "Xi Pi" and "Erhuang" two basic tone of its music material, and also to sing tunes in some places small (for example, Liu Zi cavity, blowing cavity) and Kunqu Qupai. It was formed in Beijing, in time ...
绛旓細1.School Library This is our school library . It ' s open from 8:30 to 11:30 in the morning and from 1:30 to 4:30 in the afternoon . It ' s not very large . It has only three assistants and about two thousand books . The assistants are friendly and the books are ...
绛旓細I am sure my future will be full of good prospects. What a sublime work as a teacher, you see. A common saying says "peaches and plums are all over the world" , which a teacher wins for his educational achievement. I wish I would become a teacher at a middle school to ...
绛旓細Japanese rescue team, more Chinese would have died in the China earthquake.In summary, I hope more people around the world can provide more helping hand and wish the Japanese can recover from this disaster.LZ锛岃繖浜涙槸鎴戣兘鍐欑殑锛屽笇鏈涗綘鑳芥帴鍙椼傝櫧鐒舵病杈惧埌500瀛楋紝浣嗘槸杈惧埌浜320瀛椼
绛旓細America鈥檚 history of literature began with the swarming in of immigrants with different background and cultures. After that, American literature had been greatly influenced by the European culture for a long period. It was not until America鈥檚 independence, did Americans realized that ...
绛旓細people spend a few days to clean their houses completely.Some families then put up some new painting from November to be sent in January.The New Year's meal is also prepared from the end of December.During the New Year's Day,people usually do not cook and relax at home. On...
