英语语法：就近原则。能否给几个例子并解释？ 英语语法就近原则
\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u5c31\u8fd1\u539f\u5219\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\uff1f\u5c31\u8fd1\u4e00\u81f4\u539f\u5219\uff08Proximity\uff09\u3011
\u4e5f\u79f0\u201c\u90bb\u8fd1\u539f\u5219\u201d\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u8c13\u8bed\u4e0e\u9760\u8fd1\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff08\u6709\u65f6\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4e3b\u8bed\uff09\u5728\u201c\u4eba\u79f0\u3001\u6570\u201d\u4e0a\u4e00\u81f4\u3002
I.\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u6587\u4f53\u4e2d\uff1a
1.\u7531\u4e0b\u5217\u8bcd\u8bed\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5e76\u5217\u4e3b\u8bed\uff1a"or ; either \u2026or\uff1bnor; neither\u2026or\uff1bwhether\u2026or\uff1bnot\u2026but; not only\u2026but also" ; \u7b49\u3002e.g.
\u2460What he does or what he says does not concern me . \u4ed6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u8a00\u8c08\u90fd\u4e0e\u6211\u65e0\u5173\u3002
\u2461Neither you nor I am wrong . \u4f60\u548c\u6211\u90fd\u6ca1\u9519\u3002
\u2462Not you but your father is to blame . \u4e0d\u662f\u4f60\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f60\u7236\u4eb2\u8be5\u53d7\u8d23\u5907\u3002
\u2463Not only you hut(also) he is wrong .\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f60\u9519\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u9519\u4e86\u3002
2. \u5728\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u4e2d\uff1a\u8c13\u8bed\u53ef\u4e0e\u540e\u9762\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e00\u81f4\u3002e.g.
\u2460In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . \u5728\u8fdc\u5904\uff0c\u80fd\u542c\u89c1\u9f13\u638c\u58f0\u548c\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u547c\u558a\u58f0\u3002
\u2461There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .\u684c\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u652f\u94a2\u7b14\u548c\u51e0\u672c\u4e66\u3002
II. \u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u6587\u4f53\u4e2d\uff1a
\u6709\u65f6\u4f9d\u201c\u5c31\u8fd1\u4e00\u81f4\u539f\u5219\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f9d\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u4e00\u81f4\u539f\u5219\u201d\u6216\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u4f9d\u201c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e00\u81f4\u539f\u5219\u201d\u3002e.g.
Neither she nor I were there (\u610f\u4e49\u4e00\u81f4) \u6211\u548c\u4ed6\u5f53\u65f6\u90fd\u4e0d\u5728\u90a3\u513f\u3002\uff08\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\uff09
Neither she nor I was there .\uff08\u5c31\u8fd1\u4e00\u81f4\uff09\uff08\u8bd1\u6587\u540c\u4e0a\u53e5\uff09\uff08\u6b63\u5f0f\uff09
\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f9d\u201c\u5c31\u8fd1\u4e00\u81f4\u539f\u5219\u201d\u800c\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e24\u9879\u539f\u5219\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u5e38\u5e38\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u592a\u5408\u7b26\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u3002e.g.
No one except his own supporters agree with him .\u4ec5\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u540c\u610f\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u3002\uff08\u4f9d\u201c\u5c31\u8fd1\u201d\u548c\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff1b\u4f46\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0a\uff0c\u201cNo one \u201d\u624d\u662f\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u8981\u6539\u6210\u201cagrees\u201d\u3002\u201c\u5199\u4f5c\u4e2d\u201d\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u4f9d\u201c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e00\u81f4\u201d\u539f\u5219\u3002
\u5c31\u8fd1\u539f\u5219\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u8be5\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u50cf\u4f60\u8bf4\u7684\u8fd9\u53e5\uff1aThis is a man and woman\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7537\u4eba\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u4eba\uff0c\u6309\u9053\u7406\u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u7528these are\u624d\u5bf9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5c31\u8fd1\u539f\u5219\uff0ca man\u524d\u9762\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u5355\u6570is\u3002
\u8fd8\u6709\u6bd4\u5982\uff1athere is a pen and many books.\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u652f\u7b14\u548c\u5f88\u591a\u4e66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u7528there are,\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a\u52a8\u8bcd\u5c31\u8fd1\u7684\u662fa pen\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u7528there is\u3002
我只晓得一个哈，就There is 和There are的区别There is a bed and many books in the roomThere are many books and a bed in the room这个就是就近原则，与be动词挨得近的名词是复数 be动词就用are,反之，与be动词挨得近的名词是单数 be 动词就用is
1.there be...句型.谓语动词根据离be近的来决定单复数。eg:There is one pen and three books.2.短语。or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also。谓语动词根据离动词近的形式来觉得单复数eg:Neither I or he likes apple. Not only you but he is wrong.
就近原则: neither...nor. , either...or..., not only...but also..., there be..., ,如：Neither he nor I am right. Either he or you are wrong. Not only you but also he is going there. There is a book. There are two books
绛旓細棣栧厛 either...or 鏄灏辫繎鍘熷垯锛Either he or I am an alien.(瑕佷箞浠栵紝瑕佷箞鎴戞槸澶栨槦浜恒)鍏舵 neither...nor鏄氨杩戝師鍒欙細Neither he nor I am an alien.(鎴戝拰浠栭兘涓嶆槸澶栨槦浜恒)鑰屼笖 Either of us is teacher. 鎴戜滑涓や釜涓湁涓涓槸鑰佸笀銆 杩欓噷鐢ㄤ笉绠′粈涔堟儏鍐碉紝閮芥槸 IS銆傚悓鐞 Neitehr ...
绛旓細灏辫繎鍘熷垯锛歵here be+鍙ュ瀷; or ; either 鈥r锛沶or; neither鈥or锛泈hether鈥r锛沶ot鈥ut; not only鈥ut also銆傚氨杩滃師鍒欙細as well as锛涳紙together/along/combined锛墂ith锛況ather than锛沞xcept锛沚esides锛沚ut锛沬ncluding锛沬n addition to锛沘part from, like, as much as, no less than銆
绛旓細鈥滈偦杩鍘熷垯鈥濃灏辫繎涓鑷村師鍒欌(Proximity锛夛紝鍗筹細璋撹涓庨潬杩戠殑鍚嶈瘝銆佷唬璇嶏紙鏈夋椂涓嶄竴瀹氭槸涓昏锛夊湪鈥滀汉绉般佹暟鈥濅笂涓鑷淬傚湪姝ｅ紡鏂囦綋涓細1.鐢变笅鍒楄瘝璇繛鎺ョ殑骞跺垪涓昏锛"there be+鍙ュ瀷; or ; either 鈥r锛沶or; neither鈥or锛泈hether鈥r锛沶ot鈥ut; not only鈥ut also" ; 绛夈俥.g. 鈶燱hat he d...
绛旓細涓銆灏辫繎鍘熷垯1銆佸湪?here锛泃here?绛夊紩瀵肩殑鍊掕鍙ヤ腑,?褰撲富璇笉姝竴涓紝姝ゆ椂璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝涓庢渶闈犺繎瀹冪殑涓昏鍦ㄦ暟涓婁竴鑷淬備緥锛欻ere?comes?the?bus.?宸村＋杩囨潵浜嗐俆here?is?a?pencil?and?several?photos?on?the?desk.?妗屼笂鏈変竴鏀搮绗斿拰鍑犲紶鍥剧墖銆2銆佽繛璇?or锛沞ither...?or...锛沶either鈥or...锛沶ot?o...
绛旓細浼樿川瑙ｇ瓟 灏辫繎鍘熷垯锛1.There be 鍙ュ瀷 There is a book and some pencils on the desk.=There are some pencils and a book on the desk.2.neither...nor...Neither you nor he is right.= Neither he nor you are right.3.either...or...Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai ne...
绛旓細鍦ㄥ疄闄呭簲鐢ㄤ腑锛屾湁鏃鍙互渚濇嵁“灏辫繎涓鑷村師鍒”锛屼絾鏈夋椂涔熼渶瑕佷緷鎹“鎰忎箟涓鑷村師鍒”鎴栦弗鏍肩殑“璇硶涓鑷村師鍒”銆傚洜姝わ紝鍦ㄥ啓浣滃拰鏃ュ父浜ゆ祦涓紝鎴戜滑搴旂粨鍚堣澧冨拰璇硶瑙勫垯鏉ユ纭繍鐢ㄨ繖浜涘師鍒欍傛荤殑鏉ヨ锛灏辫繎鍘熷垯鏄竴绉嶄紭鍖栬祫婧愬垎閰嶃佹彁楂樻晥鐜囩殑鏈夋晥鎵嬫銆傚湪鐞嗚В鍜屽簲鐢鑻辫璇硶鐨...
绛旓細鑻辫涓殑灏辫繎鍘熷垯 涓銆佸畾涔 鍦ㄨ嫳璇腑锛屽氨杩戝師鍒欐槸鎸囧湪涓缁勫苟鍒楃殑璇嶇粍涓紝褰撻渶瑕佸瀹冧滑杩涜璇硶鎴栭昏緫涓婄殑鍒ゆ柇鏃讹紝閫氬父鍏虫敞绂诲叧閿瘝鎴栦腑蹇冭瘝鏈杩戠殑璇嶈鎴栨垚鍒嗐傝繖涓鍘熷垯骞挎硾搴旂敤浜庡彞瀛愮殑鏋勯犲拰瑙ｆ瀽杩囩▼涓備簩銆佷富瑕佸簲鐢ㄥ満鍚 1. 鍏宠仈璇嶇殑骞跺垪缁撴瀯锛氬“not only...but also...”涓紝璋撹鐨...
绛旓細鍒濅腑闃舵鐨灏辫繎鍘熷垯鏈変互涓: neither...nor ; either...or ; not only... but also ; 绛夎瘝缁 灏辫繙鍘熷垯: with , together with , but 绛 鏈涢噰绾
绛旓細1锛屽洓澶灏辫繎鍘熷垯锛not only 鈥︹ut also neither鈥︹or鈥︹ither鈥︹r not鈥︹ut 渚嬪彞锛歂ot only I but also he is happy.2,鍥涘ぇ灏辫繙鍘熷垯锛歛s well as with but/beside/except rather than 渚嬪彞锛欼 as well as he am happy.3,鍒嗘暟涓庣櫨鍒嗘暟鍜屼富璇繛鎺ャ傞櫎population杈冪壒娈婏紝涓庡垎鏁帮紝鐧惧垎鏁...
绛旓細灏辫繎鍘熷垯锛1銆佸湪here锛宼here绛夊紩瀵肩殑鍊掕鍙ヤ腑锛屽綋涓昏涓嶆涓涓紝姝ゆ椂璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝涓庢渶闈犺繎瀹冪殑涓昏鍦ㄦ暟涓婁竴鑷淬2銆佽繛璇峯r锛宔ither鈥r鈥︼紝neither鈥or鈥︾瓑杩炴帴鐨勫苟鍒椾富璇紝璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鍙笌闈犺繎瀹冪殑涓昏鍦ㄦ暟涓婁竴鑷淬傚氨杩戝師鍒欏拰灏辫繙鍘熷垯鏄寚鑻辫璇硶鍘熷垯銆傚氨杩戝師鍒欎篃绉扳滈偦杩戝師鍒欌濃滃氨杩戜竴鑷村師鍒欌濓紝鍗宠皳璇笌...
