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秦惠文王（前356年—前311年），嬴姓，名驷。公元前338年即位。他是秦国第一位称王的国君，是秦国第二代“法治”君主。他虽车裂了商鞅，杀了其全家，却又继承了商鞅的事业，致力于法治和耕战。他的举措对秦国法制的完善和法治传统的形成具有决定性的作用。他任用名士张仪，确定以“连横”破“合纵”的外交方略，多次击败各国联军。秦惠文王采纳司马错的谋略，出兵伐蜀国和巴国，设置巴郡。又出兵攻楚国汉中，设置汉中郡。从此秦国占据关中、巴蜀两个“天府之国”，取得了战略优势。秦惠文王与他的先辈及子孙一样，始终把建立帝业作为秦国的战略目标，并通过切实的步骤，一步一步向这个目标迈进。公元前311年病逝。
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